Robit HYPER 181 User manual

11/03/2020 HYPER 181 – MAINTENANCE, OPERATING AND SERVICE MANUAL
HYPER181
DTH HAMMER
www.robitgroup.com

LIST OF CONTENTS
THE HYPER 181 HAMMER
HAMMER COMPONENTS 2
HAMMER PARTS LIST 3
HAMMER SPECIFICATIONS 4
AIR CONSUMPTION 5
MAINTENANCE OF THE HYPER 181 HAMMER
STRIPPING (DISMANTLING) THE HYPER 181 6
CHECKING FOR WEAR & DAMAGE 7-8
REBUILDING (ASSEMBLY) OF HYPER HAMMERS 9
BUTTON BIT FOOT VALVES DIAMETERS AND PROTRUSION HEIGHTS 10
LUBRICATION
RECOMMENDED LUBRICANTS AND LUBRICATION RATES 11
HAMMER STORAGE
HOW TO STORE YOUR HYPER 181 FOR LONG PERIODS 12
TROUBLE SHOOTING
HAMMER TROUBLE - PROBABLE CAUSE & REMEDY 13
APPENDIX
CHUCK RELEASE WASHERS A
CLAMPING POSITIONS B
The Robit Hyper 181 is a strong and robust tool of a simple and straight forward design to provide
maximum performance within a minimum of maintenance.
The Hyper 181 is designed to operate efficiently at air pressures between 100psi (7bar) and 225psi (15bar).
The Hyper 181 accepts Hyper 181 button bits (N180) as standard. In addition to this the Hyper 181 can
be modified to accept button bits with a Mission Sd18 shank design by simply replacing the chuck, piston
and bit retainers. A QL200 version is also available.
The Hyper 181 hammer is supplied as standard with a check valve arrangement. This is designed to
maintain pressure inside the hammer when the air is switched off and so help prevent contaminated
water from entering the hammer.
The Hyper 181 hammer standard backhead is 85∕8” API reg pin, but alternative thread or hexacon
connections can be supplied on request.
The Hyper 181 hammer is designed to give optimum performance with the minimum consumption of
compressed air. If however, for particular deep hole applications extra flushing air is required, the
hammer can be fitted with a choke system, that can easily be applied to suit your operational
requirements.
This manual is published by and copyright © of Bulroc (UK) Ltd. All Rights Reserved. Always operate your Bulroc
drilling equipment according to the instructions contained within this operating manual. Furthercopies of this manual
can be downloaded from the Bulroc website; www.bulroc.com. For urgent support or sales enquiries, call Bulroc
on [phone] or Skype BULROCUKSALES .
WARNING
ALWAYS THINK
SAFETY FIRST!

PISTON
HYPER 181
PISTONPISTON
BACKHEAD PISTON
WEARSLEEVE
BIT
TUBE
HOLDER
CHUCK
BEARING
BACKHEAD
‘O’RING
BREAKOUT
WASHER
SPRING
CHECK
VALVE
VALVE
CHEST
BUFFER
COVER
COMPRESSION
BUFFER
TUBE
BUFFER
CONTROL
TUBE
TUBE
‘O’RING CHUCK
BIT
RETAINING
RING
BREAKOUT
WASHER
2
DRIVE
PLATE

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3
4
5
7
6
8
11
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9
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10
12
13
14
15
16
17
17
1214
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16
3HAMMER PARTS
Ref Description (N180) Part Number
1Backhead 85∕8” Reg Pin HSH1813882M
2Backhead ‘O’ Ring HSH18114
3Check Valve HSH18108
4Check Valve Spring HSH18110
5Diverter HSH18107
6Compression Buffer HSH18128
7Buffer Cover HSH18173
8Tube Holder HSH18131
9Tube Buffers (2) HSH18129
10 Tube ‘O’ Ring HSH18130A
11 Control Tube HSH18130
12 Piston HSH18103180
13 Wearsleeve HSH18100
14 Bit Retaining Ring HSH18137180
15 Chuck HSH18135180
16 Chuck Bearing HSH18135180BE
17 Breakout Washers HSH18126
Complete Hammer BR181H01
Ref
Description (SD18 Conv)
Part Number
1Backhead 85∕8” Reg Pin HSH1813882M
2Backhead ‘O’ Ring HSH18114
3Check Valve HSH18108
4Check Valve Spring HSH18110
5Diverter HSH18107
6Compression Buffer HSH18128
7Buffer Cover HSH18173
8Tube Holder HSH18131
9Tube Buffers (2) HSH18129
10 Tube ‘O’ Ring HSH18130A
11 Control Tube HSH18130
12 Piston HSH18103096
13 Wearsleeve HSH18100
14 Bit Retaining Ring HSH18137096
15 Chuck HSH18135096
16 Chuck Bearing HSH18135096BE
17 Breakout Washers HSH18126
Complete Hammer BR181H02

LENGTH WITHOUT BIT
OUTSIDE
DIAMETER
HAMMER SPECIFICATIONS
STANDARD
BACKHEAD
CONNECTION
8 ¼”API
reg pin
CHUCK
CONNECTION
CONFIGURATION
HYPER 181
(N180) STD
OR Sd18
LENGTH
LESS
BIT
N180
86”
2185mm
OUTSIDE
DIAMETER OF
HAMMER
16”
406mm
OUTSIDE
DIAMETER OF
CHUCK
16”
406mm
BORE
DIAMETER
12.25”
311mm
PISTON
STROKE
5.75”
146mm
PISTON
WEIGHT
730lbs
330kgs
WEARSLEEVE
ACROSS FLATS
SIZE
15.5”
394mm
WEIGHT OF
HAMMER
LESS BIT
3545lbs
1608kgs
58
Specification
SD18
88.60”
2250mm
4

Drill through this face
should extra flushing
be required
Additional Flushing
The Hyper 181 has a control tube with a softened
face which can be easily drilled through to allow for
extra flushing air should this be required.
In certain drilling conditions extra flushing air may be
required to overcome increasing back pressure and
maintain the necessary up hole velocity to ensure
efficient hole cleaning. In such conditions, a small
hole can be drilled into the face of the control tube
which will allow extra live air to be delivered directly
to the bit face. The size of the hole will determine
the extra volume of air delivered to the bit face
depending on the operating pressure.
5AIR CONSUMPTION
PRESSURE (PSI) PRESSURE (BAR) AIR
CONSUMPTION
litres/second
AIR
CONSUMPTION
litres/minute
AIR
CONSUMPTION
cubic metre/min
AIR
CONSUMPTION
cubic feet/minute
100 7513 30806 31 1088
125 9718 43053 43 1520
150 10 943 56595 57 1999
175 12 1189 71317 71 2518
200 14 1452 87133 87 3077
225 15 1733 103971 103 3672

COMPONENT PARTS
1. First remove the chuck assembly. This comprises the button bit,
drive - plates (or drive pins with the SD 18 conversion), chuck release
washer, chuck ‘O’ ring, and bit retainers.
2. With the hammer laid horizontal, unscrew the backhead and
remove it from the wearsleeve. The valve chest along with the check
valve arrangement can now be pulled from the backhead end.
The remaining buffer cover, compression buffer and control tube
assembly can be removed by lifting the chuck end of the wearsleeve
which will allow the piston to push the parts up to the end face, from
where they can be removed by hand.
3. Lifting the Chuck end of the Wearsleeve again will allow the Piston
to slide to the end face from where it can be removed.
Backhead
Backhead ‘O’Ring
Breakout Washer
Check Valve
Check Valve Spring
Valve Chest
Buffer Cover
Check Valve
Compression Buffer
Control Tube
Assembly
Wearsleeve
Assuming both the chuck and the backhead threads
have been loosened either on the drilling rig or by using
a hydraulic splitter, the stripping procedure is as follows
NOTE:- All components must be washed clean and
laid out on a dirt free surface to enable inspection
to take place. The stripping procedure is explained
in the following section,
Note:- On no account should the wearsleeve be
impacted by a hand hammer or splitting be
assisted by use of localised heat: ie. welding/blow
torch, this will invalidate the warranty
Should splitting prove difficult, the breakout
washers can be ground out, taking care not to
deface other pieces of the drill, to relieve
pressure and help splitting,
Wearsleeve
Chuck
0.3” Breakout
Washer
STRIPPING THE HAMMER 6
0.300”
0.740”

Premature wear to internal parts is a result of either:-
1. Insufficient or incorrect lubrication.
2. The ingress of debris in the hammer.
3. Incorrect service and storage.
The maximum wear allowance shown in this section are a guide as to when to replace parts. In
certain conditions parts may need to be replaced before they reach the sizes shown.
Body dia
Footvalve
Bore dia
Control Tube
Bore dia
Striking Face
PISTON
1. There are two main areas to examine on a used piston:-
Check the body diameter for signs of pick-up and burning (both are signs of poor lubrication).
Using a micrometer, measure the diameter and refer to the quoted minimum size above.
Any light ‘Pick up’ marks can be removed using emery cloth, however if there are signs of
overheating and cracking, the piston should be replaced and the lubrication system examined.
2. Secondly, using a micrometer, measure the diameter of the bore at both ends of the piston and
refer to the maximum quoted sizes.
3. Examine the striking face. Distortion is acceptable proving there are no signs of cracking. Burrs
and dents can be removed with an emery stone.
7CHECKING FOR WEAR AND DAMAGE
Body dia
Max footvalve bore (SD18) 3.670” (93.2mm)
(N180) 3.740” (95.0mm)
Max control tube bore 4.517” (114.7mm)
Min body dia 12.220” (310.1mm)

CHECKING FOR WEAR AND DAMAGE
Fig.1 New Piston Face Fig. 2 Worn Piston Face
Fig. 3 Area to be machined
During the working life of the hammer the Striking Face
on the Piston may become dented or deformed (see
fig.2). To prevent this face from cracking, or chipping,
the Piston should be returned to a lathe where the
strking face can be re-machined flat and then have
the outer radius and inner chamfer reformed (see fig.3)..
Care should be taken to remove the minimum amout of
material during this re-machining process and at no
point should more than 2mm be removed from the face.
Pistons with wear patterns, or indentations deeper
than 2mm should be replaced.
The table below contains useful machine information for
reforming the piston face.
RADIUS “A”
CHAMFER “B”
IN BORE
MACHINE DETAIL
HAMMER RADIUS “A” CHAMFER “B”
HYPER 181 0.125” 0.250” @45
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7

CCHHEECCKKIINNGGFFOORRWWEEAARRAANNDDDDAAMMAAGGEE8866
Diameter ‘A’
Control Tube
Control Tube
Minimum Dia
Examine the control tube diameter ‘A’, using a micrometer, check the diameter has not worn
under the specified minimum.
If there are signs of pick-up they should be removed by using emery cloth.
Wearsleeve Diameter ‘B’
Diameter ‘B’
Using either a micrometer or vernier,
measure the outer diameter ‘B’ of the
wearsleeve. If it is below the minimum it
must be replaced. The wear rate of the
wearsleeve can be slowed by replacing the
chuck before the wear areas reaches the
wear sleeve.
If there are signs of pick-up they should
be removed by using emery cloth.
Wearsleeve
Minimum Dia
If a piston has broken within the wearsleeve it is imperative that the bore is honed to remove any
burrs or ‘pick-up’
Failure to do so will result in ‘pick-up’ on the replaced piston and will lead to early failure of this
component
4.492” (114mm)
15.7” (399mm)
CHECKING FOR WEAR AND DAMAGE
8

Backhead
Checkvalve
Assemby
Compression
Buffer
Control Tube
Assembly
Piston
Chuck
Assembly
1. Ensure all the maintenance work outlined in the
previous section has been completed.
2. Lay the wearsleeve on two wooden blocks, support
the chuck end so as to raise the sleeve 50mm -
70mm off the ground this will make it easier to screw
in the chuck assembly.
3. Assemble the chuck, chuck release washer and bit
retainers around the bit ensuring the chuck and bit
retainers (SD18 only) are fitted with new ‘O’ rings.
check the condition of the drive plates (or pins) and
the chuck bearing and replace if necessary. Cover
the threads with a copper based grease. Then screw
the chuck fully in until there is no gap between the
wearsleeve and the chuck release washer.
4. Coat the piston with rock drill oil and slide it into the
backhead end of the wearsleeve. (Ensure the piston
striking face enters first).
5. Assemble the two control tube buffers and the ‘O’
ring around the control tube, then push the assembly
into the tube holder. Coat the outside of the assembly
with rock drill oil and insert it into the backhead end of
the wearsleeve
6. Slide the compression ring on to the control tube
assembly.
7. Insert the spring into the check valve and then
slide the assembly into the valve chest. Fit the buffer
cover to the valve chest. Push the whole assembly
down onto the compression ring.
8. Fit a new ‘O’ Ring to the backhead and coat the
threads in copper based grease. Fit the backhead
breakout washer. Screw the backhead into the
wearsleeve until it is hand tight, then measure the
gap between the wearsleeve face and the lock-up
face on the backhead. This gap should be a minimum
of 2mm, - if the gap is smaller the ring should be
removed and replaced with a new compression ring.
When the gap exceeds 2mm the backhead should be
fully tightened using the appropriate backhead
spanner.
9. Pre torque the whole assembly to 944 Kgm torque
before use.
REBUILDING HYPER HAMMERS
CCHHEECCKKIINNGGFFOORRWWEEAARRAANNDDDDAAMMAAGGEE8866
9

The Robit Hyper 181 hammer is designed to be used with
Foot Valves that are to the following specifications:
To guarantee the diameter and protrusion height are correct it is
recommended the correct insertion tool is used.
Using Foot Valves which are larger in diameter than the sizes
shown, will result in premature failure of the Foot Valve.
Foot Valves which are much smaller in diameter than the
sizes shown will reduce the performance of the hammer.
PROTRUSION
HEIGHT ‘A’
FOOT VALVE
Ø’B’
INSERTION TOOL
SHANK
TYPE PROTUSION HEIGHT ‘A’ FOOTVALVE DIAMETER ‘B’
SD18 2.75” 69.85mm 3.61” 91.7mm
Numa 180 3” 76.2mm 3.68” 93.5mm
The Hyper 181 piston oscillates at 650 bpm at 150 psi (10bar). It is therefore extremely important that
an adequate supply of the correct type of rock drill oil is constantly fed to the hammer whilst it is
operating.
Failure to do so will quickly lead to excessive component wear and if the oil supply is cut of for any
reason, the piston will quickly seize inside the wearsleeve, resulting in irreparable damage to both
components.
An air line lubrication system should be installed, preferably on the drill rig. The lubricator reservoir
should be of sufficient capacity to supply the required volume of rock drill oil for a full shift. With larger
hammers, this may be impractical but the capacity should be sufficient for at least half a shift.
This is equally important that the lubricator system must be adjustable and have a visual check to
ensure the lubricator does not run out of oil.
As a good general guide, all Robit Hyper hammers require a third of a pint of oil per 100cfm of air
through the hammer ( 0.07 litre per metre cubed)
Eg Hyper 181 operating at 150psi = 2016cfm = 6.7 pints per hour
10.3bar = 57cmm = 4 litre per hour
The amount of lubricating oil should be increased by 50% when drilling with water or foam.
When new drill pipes are added to the drill string, it is recommended that a half pint ( a quarter of a litre)
of rock drill oil is poured into the pipe to provide a good internal coating and helps prevent the hammer
from running dry at any time. The grade of rock drill oil will be determined by the ambient temperature at
the drilling site. If the ambient temperature is between 0 and 25 degree centigrade, then a 30 grade oil
should be used. If the ambient temperature is greater than 25 degree centigrade, use a 50 grade oil.
Robit supply their own recommended rock drill oil and this is detailed below, together with other brands
of suitable oils.
BUTTON BIT FOOTVALVES
11 LUBRICATION
10
MAKE TYPE 30 GRADE TYPE 50 GRADE
ROBIT T220 T320
BP ENERGOL RD-E 100 ENERGOL RD-E 300
CHEVRON ARIES 100 ARIES 320
SHELL TORCULA 100 TORCULA 320
ESSO/EXXON AROX EP100 AROX EP320

We recommend following the points listed below when removing a 'down hole hammer' from service.
This will ensure trouble free operation once the hammer starts work again.
The hammer should be stripped and cleaned and free of all water/moisture as possible.
Robit T220 or similar rock drill oil should be poured into backhead (see chart below for quantity)
allowing all parts to be coated throughout the hammer.
Both ends of the hammer should be then covered to prevent the ingress of dirt, etc.
It should be then laid horizontally in a dry environment ready for use next time.
Model Qty in UK Pints Qty in litre's
Hyper 181 2 1.25
If this procedure is followed then apart from protecting the hammer from corrosion it will protect the
parts from premature wear and of course reduce 'down time' and eventual repair costs.
However we strongly recommend that the hammer, especially if stored for any long periods of time
should be stripped, cleaned, inspected and re-oiled prior use to be sure of smooth drilling.
HAMMER STORAGE PROCEDURES
TROUBLESHOOTING
12
13
PROBLEM PROBABLE CAUSE REMEDY
INOPERATIVE DRILL Drill bit blowholes blocked Unblock holes
Dirt inside drill Strip and clean drill
Worn or damaged parts Replace damaged parts
Insufficient lubrication Check oil level, adjust lube needle value
Excessive lubrication Adjust lube needle value
Hanging Piston
Pistion stuck. Polish out the score marks
Insufficient air pressure Check compressor discharge and
increase to operational value
SLOW PENETRATION Insufficient air pressure Increase discharge pressure
Dull drill bit Re-grind or change bit
Worn drill parts Replace worn parts
Too much or too little lubrication Check oil level and if necessary adjust
lube needle value
Dirt in drill Strip and clean
LOW RETURN AIR VELOCITY Insufficient hole flushing air passing
through hammer Drill or increase hole size through the piston
Drill bit exhaust holes blocked Clean out blockage
SPASMODIC OPERATION Failed or damaged parts Overhaul drill
Lack of oil Check lubrication
Drill bit broken Replace bit
Dirt in drill Strip and clean

A. CHUCK RELEASE WASHERS
Chuck Release Washers are fitted to the Robit Range of Hyper Hammers to assist the removal of the
Chuck from the Wearsleeve after drilling.
The Chuck Release Washer is manufactured from a composite material that reduces the friction between the
lock up faces on the Chuck and Wearsleeve making it easier to overcome the tensional loading applied
to these parts during the drilling process.
Due to the forces applied to the Chuck Release Washer you may find that its thickness ("W") is reduced
during the drilling cycle and it is therefore recommended that a new Washer be fitted each time the
Chuck is removed.
It is possible that on some of the larger Hammers in the Robit range, when drilling with large diameter
Button Bits or Overburden Systems, certain conditions can generate higher torques than normally
expected, resulting in difficulties when trying to remove the Chuck from the Wearsleeve. Should this occur
then the removal of the Chuck can be achieved by cutting away the Chuck Release Washer. We do
however stress at this point that cutting away the Chuck Release Washer is a final option and should
not be done until all other options have proved unsuccessful.
If the cutting away of the Chuck Release Washer is necessary for the removal of the Chuck then it must
be done with extreme care to avoid damage to either the Chuck or the Wearsleeve. The composition
of the Chuck Release Washer allows for it to be cut with either a hacksaw or a small hand grinder equipped
with a slitting wheel. The hacksaw method is much safer and less likely to damage the Chuck or Wearsleeve,
but obviously much slower than the hand grinder with a slitting wheel. To remove the Chuck Release Washer
a cut must be made in the centre of the washer all the way around it's circumference, and
completely through the Washer, thus transforming the single washer into two thinner washers that will
then spin freely. Great care must be taken, especially if the Washer is cut with a slitting wheel, to ensure
that the cut only penetrates the Washer and does not pass through into the body of the Chuck.
The size shown as 'D" in the above table should be your MAXIMUM depth of cut, and it is recommended
that either the saw blade or the slitting wheel are marked in some way so as to indicate when they have
achieved this depth.
CHUCK RELEASE WASHERS
HAMMER MODEL “W” “D”
HYPER 181 0.300” - 7.62mm 0.740” - 18.80mm

There are many different “Splitting” Machines available for unscrewing the threaded connections on a Robit
Hyper Hammer, some are attachments to the Drill Rig, others are independent hydraulic units, or purpose made Bench
arrangements. Regardless of which machine is chosen they all require some method of securing the Wearsleeve whilst
applying a torque to either the Chuck or Backhead.
The most common machines use either Clamps or Chains around the O/D of the Wearsleeve and the positioning of these
is very important, if they are placed too close to the joint being “Split” they will in effect increase the frictional forces on the
threaded connection making it impossible to unscrew the component from the Wearsleeve.
The above table shows the correct position for the clamping mechanism to ensure no additional load will be applied to the
threaded connection, thus making the joint easier to split.
Due to the high torque loads applied to a Hammer during its drilling cycle, equally high loads are required to “Split” the
Chuck and Backhead away from the Wearsleeve and because of this the clamping arrangement around the Wearsleeve
must generate enough friction to prevent it from spinning during the process.However great care must be taken to make
sure the clamps or chains are not over-tightened as this can cause deformation to the Wearsleeve that can result in both
Wearsleeve failure and Piston seizure once the Hammer is returned to service.
TohelpincreasetheWearsleeve’sresistancetodeformationitisrecommendedthattheHammerPistonisfirstslidtothe
end of the Hammer being “split”, before clamps of chains are attached. By doing this the Piston O/D will limit the amount of
deformation in the Wearsleeve bore if too much clamping pressure is applied.
NOTE:
The use of Chain type Hydraulic Breakers can leave deep intrusions in the O/D of the Wearsleeve which may result in stress
concentrations that could lead to premature failure of the Wearsleeve.
CLAMP POSITIONS
HAMMER MODEL “X” DISTANCE FROM
WEARSLEEVE END FACE
HYPER 181 CHUCK 8.250” / 210mm
B. CLAMPING POSITIONS
HYPER 181 BACKHEAD 9.000” / 229mm
CHUCK
BACKHEAD

11/03/2020 HYPER 181 – MAINTENANCE, OPERATING AND SERVICE MANUAL
www.robitgroup.com