Roland SH-1000 User manual

SH-1000
NSTRUCTION MANUAL

ROLAND SYNTHESIZER
SH-1000
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MOD GEN.
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POWER SWITCH
AMP. MOD.
V.C.F. SENS. [GROWL WAW A.D.S.R.)
NOISE GEN. RANDOM NOTE GLIDE PITCH
TREMOLO
V.C.O. MOD.
VIBRATO
^ENVELOPE
CONTROL
Volt. Cont. Filter
CUTOFF FREQ
RESONANCE
PORTAMENTO
ON/OFF TIME
TRANSPOSE
L/M/H
KEYBOARD
VOLUME
AMP. MOD.
FREQ. MOD (V.C.A.)
SPECTRUM (V.C.F.) COMBINATION
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Table of Contents
1
.
Comparison to the Organ
2. Theory of the Synthesizer
3. Function of theSH-1000
a) VCO (Voltage Controlled Oscillator)
b) VCF (Voltage Controlled Filter)
c) VCA (Voltage Controlled Amplifier)
d) Pre-setting
4. Operation
5. Tuning
6. Accessories
7. Synthesis of Unique Sounds
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1. Comparison to the Organ 2. Theory of the Synthesizer
Asynthesizer is not an organ. The usual electronic organ is not
able to freely modify sound envelopes characterized by "Attack",
"Decay" and "Sustain" etc. all of which play an important role in
the quality of musical sounds. Here, "Attack" means the rising of
the sound, "Decay", the diminishing of the sound and "Sustain",
the maintaining of the sound, while "Envelope" is defined by the
curve of these characteristic elements.
The Synthesizer, however, can modify these elements to change
envelope characteristics and thus modify volume and tone to-
synthesize many sounds which are unlike any which can be
produced by conventional instruments, in addition to sounds
which are exactly like those of conventional instruments.
Thus, the Synthesizer has the inherent capability of extending the
range of musical conception through production of unique new
sounds.
The Voice Generator, which generates electronic signals that play
an important role in all electronic musical instruments, is
composed of the VCO "Voltage Controlled Oscillator", and its
musical interval is controlled by the voltage coming from the
keyboard switch. As the wave form of the music sound produced
by the VCO has many harmonics, the desired tone is produced
through aVCF or "Voltage Controlled Filter".
The function of the Filter is also dependent on the voltage.
The signal through the VCF is modified with regard to the rising,
falling or the maintaining of sound by the function of the VCA
"Voltage Controlled Amplifier".
Consequently, the VCO, VCF and VCA are the crux of Syn-
thesizer operation.
There are included various kinds of voltage generators to modify
these three circuits.
Firstly, when akey is depressed, voltage is supplied to the ADSK
until release of key. This voltage is the basis of the various
envelopes.

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The Envelope, composing Attack(A), Decay(D), Sustain(S) and
Release(R), is shown in Figure Iin general form, and can be
varied according to control operation.
Two basic kinds of envelopes can be produced, namely AR and
ADSR. The ADSR and AR are also called Envelope Generators.
Figure 2shows the mutual relation among VCO, VCF, VCA and
ADSR. This is the general theory of Synthesizer operation.
Of course, besides the abovementioned, there are several other
functions -namely modulator, white-noise generator, etc.
Synthesizing these functions in many ways creates even more
complicated and more unique sounds.
Fig.1
Fig. 2
VCO
i
ADSR —*- Voltage
*- Signal

vco 3. Function of the SH-1000
a) VCO (Voltage Controlled Oscillator)
The VCO of the SH-1000 is composed of 9 combination tablets,
as shown in Figure 3, and is able to produce eight kinds of pitch
wave forms (32' -2'). Of course it is possible to combine these
wave forms to produce agreat many basic tones. Moreover, it is
possible to raise or lower the note by 1octave via Transpose
Switch. In addition, white-noise contributes non-tonal sounds.
The pitch of the VCO can be adjusted via the Pitch Knob.
In addition, Vibrato, Glide and Portamento effects can also be
obtained by including each in the VCO circuit as desired.
Fig. 3
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(1) VIBRATO
This effect is produced by supplying the oscillated voltage of the
Modulation Generator to the VCO.
As in Figure 4, lower the VIBRATO tablet, turn the Modulation
knob of the VCO, and the VIBRATO effect is obtained.
The depth of the VIBRATO is controlled by the Modulation
knob, and the rate of the VIBRATO is adjusted by the RATE
knob of the Modulation generator.
Fig. 41°
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vco VCF
The VIBRATO effect emerges with aslight delay after depressing
the key. In the case of Legato playing, only the first note is given
this delay effect, and the VIBRATO effect continues in the
following notes.
If this effect is desired for each note, play each note only after
releasing previous note.
The VIBRATO effect is usualy obtained by the modulation
employing the sine wave. Using the square wave, however, brings
the characteristic jump of the musical interval. The degree of
jump is controlled by the Modulation knob.
(2) GLIDE
When pushing the GLIDE button while playing, the musical
interval drops, and as soon as the button is released, the musical
interval is gradually restored.
This produces aHawaiian guitar effect.
(3) PORTAMENTO
The PORTAMENTO effect is obtained by switching the PORTA-
MENTO lever to "ON". When using PORTAMENTO effect, one
note drifts to the subsequent note. This changing speed is adjusted
by the TIME knob.
b) VCF (Voltage Controlled Filter)
The VCF of the SH-1000 controls Cut-off Frequency and
Resonance.
As shown in Figure 5, the Cut-off Frequency control has the
function of cutting off the high frequency part of the harmonics
and plays an important role in tone production.
Note that over-cutting of the harmonics will cause elimination of
the basic frequency, and the sound will not be produced.
The Resonance control emphasizes the harmonics, producing a
peak slightly under the Cut-off Frequency.
Since over-emphasizing the peak causes oscillation of the other
frequency for the key depressed, it becomes an interruption in
the performance of melody except where special effect is desired.
There are also three Spectrum tablets to control VCF automat-
ically.
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VCF VCA
Fig. 6
SPECTRUMiVCT I
GROWL WAW ADSR.
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(1) GROWL
Pressing the GROWL tablet to "ON" creates akind of phase mod-
ulation, and the VIBRATO effect is obtained. This VIBRATO
effect differs from the VIBRATO effect added to the VCO on
nuance.
The Modulation Speed is controlled via the knob (~/nj) of the
Modulation Generator in the same way as the VIBRATO of the
VCO, and the Modulation Depth is controlled via the GROWL
knob.
(2) WAW
Pressing the WAW tablet to "ON" produces the WAW effect
which emerges automatically upon touching the key.
These GROWL and WAW effects depend strongly on the position
of the slide control knob for the Cut-Off Frequency.
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(3) ADSR
When this tablet is at "ON" position, the voltage of the ADSR
envelope is supplied to the VCF.
So, the Filter works with the VCA simultaneously, and very inter-
esting effects can be obtained.
The effects of GROWL, WAW and ADSR for the VCF are
controlled by the knobs of the VCF SENS panel section.
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c) VCA (Voltage Controlled Amplifier)
As in Figure 7, the VCA of the SH-1000 is operated by the five
tablets.
Fig. 7-ENVELOPE 'V CA,
ADS RSLOW ATTACK STACCATO PERCUSSION HOLD
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(l)HOLD
The HOLD is anote memory device, and the note for the key I
depressed is continued until next key is depressed even though j
the key is released. I
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VCA
For example, Staccato playing becomes the same as Legato play-
ing. So, it is convenient to synthesize the tone by continuing the
sounds.
(2) ADSR (Attack, Decay, Sustain, Release)
When this tablet is at "ON" position, the VCA is operated by the
ENVELOPE MODE produced by the ADSR.
As in Figure 8, sliding the Attack knob upwards increases the
rising time.
Sliding the Decay knob upwards increases the diminishing-time.
The Sustain knob controls the sound volume-after decay.
The Release perfectly controls the time of sound disappearance
after releasing the key.
The Attack, Decay and Sustain form the envelope during key
depression, and the Release forms the envelope after key release.
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(3) SLOW ATTACK
Pressing this tablet to "ON" brings aslow rising sound such as
produced by aviolin or an accordion.
(4) STACCATO
Pressing this tablet to "ON" causes aStaccato-like sound (like the
sound of PIZZICATO playing of aviolin) regardless of key de-
pression time.
(5) PERCUSSION
Pressing this tablet produces accents to the sound, operating the
VCA to supply percussive envelope. As these envelope modifying
tablets operate on the "right-side-tablet-take-precedence" system,
the right end tablet alone works regardless of other tablets de-
pression.
(6) AMP. MODULATION
The tablet shown in Figure 9, works to supply Tremolo effect to
the sound. When employing sine wave (/v) it is of the usual
Tremolo, and for saw-tooth wave (nn )it produces an effect like
the Tremolo playing of aMandolin.
These waves all operate the VCA.
The speed and the depth of this Tremolo effect are adjusted by
the knobs shown in Figure 9.
8

VCA Pre -Setting
Fig. 9
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(7) NOISE GENERATOR
The SH- 1000 comprises aNoise Generator.
Noises are classified into two kinds of noises which are alternated
via the Noise Changer. They are the white noise audible as "Shyaa"
and the pink noise audible as "Zaa".
As these noises emerge when depressing the key, they may be
Iused together with the sound coming from the VCO.
IThe sound of asteam locomotive "SL" and the sound of the
Iwind or waves can also be produced by using these noises alone.
(8) RANDOM NOTE
IWhen Random Note is switched to "ON", accidental sounds
1having no relation to the performer's mind are produced by
Ioperating the VCO with random voltages of the uncertain factor
1emerging from the white noise.
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d) Pre-Setting
The SH-1000 is equipped with Pre-Setting tablets.
Since these tablets are arranged for sounds to be used compar-
atively often, like the existing ten kinds of musical instruments, it
is very easy to choose the tone by the touch of atablet. For these
tablets, the right side tablet takes precedence, and therefore, when
tablets are at "ON" position the right end tablet alone works.
In this case, the working parts on the control panel are shown in
Figure 10.
Set Pre-Setting tablet according to designed instrumental sound in
conjunction with other controls.
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Fig. 10 1°
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NOTE
When using Pre-Setting tablets, if separate sound variation is
required, set combination and other tablets/controls desirably and
set the Pre-Setting tablets to Off.

4. Operation 6. Accessories (optional)
|l)Connect the output jack to the input jack of the amplifier with
1the connection cord accessory.
|2)Turn the power switches of SH-1000 and the amplifier to "ON".
13) Raise the volume of amplifier properly.
ISetting is thus complete.
INow play freely with desired Pre-Setting tablet "ON".
|Adjustment of the sound volume is to be done via the volume
Iknob.
5. Tuning
Allow 5minutes after setting the power switch to ON, then set
the Pitch Knob to "O" position. Tune the Synthesizer to astand-
ard musical instrument by adjusting the TUNING screw located
on the left end of the rear panel.
In this case, ascertain that the TRANSPOSE is positioned at "M".
(NOTE) In case asudden temperature variation occurs or the
Synthesizer is played over an excessively long time, readjustment
of tuning may be required.
1) Volume Control Pedal FV-1
OUTPUT
a) Provides same effect as obtained
by turning the volume knob
on the control panel
(volume adjustment).
b) Provides same effect as obtained
by controlling V.C.F. Cut-Off
Frequency via slide volume.
Conneclion Curd
2) Foot Switch DP-1
Plugging the DP-1 cord into the Glide jack, foot pedal control
equivalent to that as obtained by Glide Button on the control
panel is obtained.
10

ZSynthesis of Unique Sounds
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1Possible unique sounds produced without use of the Pre-Setting 1
Itablets are innumerable. Experiment with uniq ue sounds at will. 1
1Some examples are shown in attached sheets. 1
Others
ROLAND SYNTHESIZER SH-1000
SPECIFICATIONS Envelope Control 4
37 Keys (F Scale) Modulation Generator 2
Preset Tablet 10 Noise Generator Volume
VCO Assembly White/Pink Noise Changer
Combination Tablet 9Random Note Switch
Modulation Tablet 3Volume
Vibrato Depth Control 1Tuning
Pitch Control 1Output jack
Glide Switch 1Output Voltage Changeover Switch (L/M/H)
Portamento Time 1jack for Glide
Portamento Switch 1Jack for V.C.F. Control
Transpose Changeover Switch (L/M/H) 1Voltage Changer (for changing AC Voltage)
VCF Assembly Power Source AC 100/1 17V or 220/250V, 50/60Hz
Spectrum Tablet 3Power Consumption 8VA
Sensitivity Control 3Dimensions H: 150 mm (5.9")
Filter Resonance Control 2,/ W: 865 mm (34")
VCA Assembly D: 260 mm (10.22")
Envelope Tablet 5Weight (Net) 12 kg (26.5 Lbs.)
Modulation Tablet 2Accessories Music Rack
Tremolo Depth Control 1Connection Cord
Id
n) Roland
=Corporation
(2.5 mwith Pin-Plug Adaptor)
Printed in Japan Jan. '77. A~3

I^Roland'
10248
UPC 10248
13961
[^Roland®