Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories SEL-221F User manual

SEL-221F
SEL-221F-1
PHASE AND GROUND DISTANCE RELAY
GROUND DIRECTIONAL OVERCURRENT RELAY
SYNCHRONISM CHECKING RELAY
RECLOSING RELAY
FAULT LOCATOR
INSTRUCTION MANUAL
SCHWEITZER ENGINEERING LABORATORIES
2350 NE HOPKINS COURT
PULLMAN, WA 99163-5603
TEL: [phone] FAX: [phone]

The software (firmware), schematic drawings, relay commands, and relay messages are copyright
protected by the United States Copyright Law and International Treaty provisions. ll rights are
reserved.
You may not copy, alter, disassemble, or reverse-engineer the software. You may not provide the
software to any third party.
The schematics and parts lists are provided solely for the purpose of product maintenance.
Copyright © SEL® 1989, 1991, 1992, 1996
( ll rights reserved)
Printed in US
Patents Pending

Standard Product Warranty – Ten Years
D EFINITION OF T ERMS
Product: ll items manufactured by SEL that are sold to a customer.
New Product:
product manufactured by SEL that is sold for the first time.
Customer: n end-user of the product.
N EW P RODUCT W ARRANTY
ll new products sold to customers are warranted against defects in design, materials, and
workmanship for a period of ten (10) years from the date of first retail delivery to a customer. If
it is determined that the new product defect is covered under this warranty, SEL will repair,
replace, or substitute an identical unit at its own discretion to the customer at no charge.
SEL may, at its own discretion, require the customer to ship the unit back to the factory for
diagnosis before making a determination as to whether it is covered by this warranty. In such
event, SEL may, at its own discretion, decide to provide the customer with a substitute unit which
may be sent to the customer either from the SEL factory or from an authorized representative or
distributor from their inventory.
ll expenses related to the shipment of defective units back to SEL or the provision of a
substitute unit to the customer are the responsibility of the customer. This expense may include,
but is not limited to, freight, insurance, Customs clearance, and duties. ll expenses related to
the shipment of repaired units back to customers (or the provision of a new unit to the customer)
will be borne by SEL.
P RODUCT U PGRADE P OLICY
From time to time, SEL makes product upgrades to add to or enhance the performance of the
products. Customers of a particular product being issued an upgrade will be notifïed either by
SEL directly or through its authorized representatives or distributors.
Customers who have purchased an annual upgrade policy will receive all upgrades during the
calendar year free of charge. Customers who did not purchase the annual upgrade policy may
purchase each unit upgrade individually. The annual upgrade policy can be purchased at any
time. Regardless of whether the upgrade policy is purchased, SEL will make reasonable efforts
to notify all customers of all available upgrades.
SCHWEITZER ENGINEERING LABORATORIES
2350 NE Hopkins Court

Pullman, WA
99163-5603 USA
P one: [phone] Fax: [phone]
E-mail: [email protected]

Internet: www.selinc.com

E QUIPMENT R EPAIR AND W ARRANTY
Repair costs of products not covered under this warranty are paid for by customers. Customers
are responsible for the cost of shipping the products to SEL located at: 2350 NE Hopkins Court,
Pullman, Washington 99163 US .
ll products repaired by SEL will be warranted against defects in material and workmanship for a
period of one year from the date the equipment is retumed to the customer or the remainder of the
new product warranty, whichever is longer.
L IMITATIONS
SEL’s warranty does not extend to ( ) SEL’s products subject to (i) improper installation,
connection, operation, maintenance, or storage; (ii) accident, damage, abuse, or misuse; (iii)
abnormal or unusual operating conditions or applications outside the specifïcations for the
product; (iv) a purpose or application in any way different from that for which the products were
designed; or (v) repairs conducted by persons other than SEL employees or an authorized
representative or distributor; (B) Equipment and products not manufactured by SEL. Such
equipment and products may be covered by a warranty issued by the respective manufacturer.
This warranty is in lieu of any other warranties, express or implied, including without limitation,
any warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose, and is in lieu of any and all
other obligations or liability of SEL. Under no circumstances shall SEL be liable for any
accidential or consequential damages or for any other loss, injury, damage, or expense of any
kind including loss of profits arising hereunder.
To the extent any court, arbitration panel, or other governmental body of competent jurisdiction
shall declare any provision of this warranty invalid or unenforceable by reason of a rule of law or
public policy, all the other provisions hereof shall remain in full force and effect.
All brand or product names in this document are the trademark or registered trademark of their respective holders.
Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, SELOGIC, Connectorized, and are registered trademarks of Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories.
Copyright © SEL 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000 (All rights reserved) Printed in USA.
SEL Standard Product Warranty Date Code 20000120

SEL-221F INSTRUCTION MANUAL ADDENDUM
Kilometer/50 Hz Options
The SEL-221F instruction manual is written for fault locations in terms of miles. If your
SEL-221F relay is ordered with the kilometer line length option, references made in the
instruction manual to miles should be substituted with kilometers.
One exception to the straight substitution of kilometers for miles is the reference in the
instruction manual to the effect of shunt capacitance on the fault location calculation. The line
length equation and associated paragraphs, corrected for a 100-kilometer line, should read:
Shunt capacitance of the transmission line is not taken into account. The capacitance causes the
fault location to appear less remote by, approximately, a factor of 1/cos(bL), where bL is the line
length in radians at 50 Hz. One wavelength at 50 Hz is 5996 kilometers. For example, the line
length of a 100-kilometer line in radians, is:
(100/5996) x 2 x 3.14159 = 0.1048 radians
The indication neglecting capacitance is about cos(0. 1048) = 0.9945 times the actual fault
location, or about 0.55 kilometers short for a fault at the remote end of a 100-kilometer line.
References made to a sampling time of 1/240 seconds should be replaced with a time of 1/200
seconds.
1 Amp Per Phase Option
For this version of the SEL-221F relay, the nominal current is 1 ampere per phase, instead of 5
amperes per phase stated in the specifications section. Secondary quantities should be divided by
five in all calculations of current. The default settings are the same as the 5 ampere relays.
Date Code 961202 SEL-221F Relay ddendum 1

IEC Time-Overcurrent Characteristics Option
The time-overcurrent curves, and their associated equations, in this manual have been modified
to conform to IEC specifications as follows:
Equations for IEC Curves
t = operating time in seconds,
TD = time dial setting,
M = multiples of pickup.
Curve Cl: Standard Inverse
Beyond 20 multiples of pickup, all characteristics become definite-time equal to the time of
M=20.
Curve C2: Very Inverse
Curve C3: Extremely Inverse
Curve C4: Long Time Backup
2SEL-221F Relay ddendum Date Code 961202

Time Curve C1 Time Curve C2
Time Curve C3 Time Curve C4
Date Code 961202 SEL-221F Relay ddendum 3

SEL RELAY INSTRUCTION MANUAL ADDENDUM
ACB PHASE ROTATION OPTION
The SEL relay instruction manuals are written for standard BC phase rotation applications.
If your SEL relay is ordered with the CB phase rotation option, references made in the
instruction manual to voltage and current phase angle should be noted accordingly. The
firmware identification number (FID) may be used to verify whether your relay was ordered
with BC or CB rotation.
ll current and voltage inputs are connected to the SEL relay rear panel as shown in the
instruction manual.
Date Code 930719 SEL Relay ddendum -1

Date Code 961208 Table of Contents i
SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
Getting Started...................................................................................................................... 1-1
Relay Overview.................................................................................................................... 1-1
Model Variations Covered By This Instruction Manual......................................................... 1-2
Other SEL-221F Relay Model Variations .............................................................................. 1-3
General Description .............................................................................................................. 1-3
SPECIFICATIONS
Relay Standards and Input Parameters................................................................................... 2-1
Functional Specifications ...................................................................................................... 2-2
Detailed Specifications .......................................................................................................... 2-7
Functional Description .......................................................................................................... 2-31
Relay Element Operating Time Curves .................................................................................. 2-38
Time-Overcurrent Curve Equations ....................................................................................... 2-39
Logic Diagrams .................................................................................................................... 2-44
COMMUNICATIONS
Introduction. ......................................................................................................................... 3-1
Serial Port Connections and Configurations........................................................................... 3-1
Communications Protocol...................................................................................................... 3-3
Command Characteristics...................................................................................................... 3-5
Command Descriptions ......................................................................................................... 3-7
SEL-221F Distance Relay/Fault Locator Command Summary............................................... 3-24
EVENT REPORTING
Event Report Generation ....................................................................................................... 4-1
Summary Event Report ......................................................................................................... 4-2
Long Event Report ................................................................................................................ 4-5
Example Event Reports ......................................................................................................... 4-9
Firmware Identification ......................................................................................................... 4-15

ii Table of Contents Date Code 961208
SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual
APPLICATIONS
Relay pplication Overview.................................................................................................. 5-1
230 kV Setting Example........................................................................................................ 5-3
Reclosing Relay Operation Examples .................................................................................... 5-36
Setting Sheets ....................................................................................................................... 5-42
INSTALLATION
Installation............................................................................................................................ 6-1
Installation Checkout............................................................................................................. 6-5
SEL Direction and Polarity Check Form............................................................................... 6-12
MAINTENANCE & TESTING
Test Procedures .................................................................................................................... 7-1
Initial Checkout..................................................................................................................... 7-3
Full Functional Test .............................................................................................................. 7-12
Setting Test........................................................................................................................... 7-12
Meter Test ............................................................................................................................ 7-14
Mho Element Testing ............................................................................................................ 7-15
Directional Element Tests...................................................................................................... 7-28
Residual Overcurrent Element Tests ...................................................................................... 7-30
Residual Time-Overcurrent Element Timing Tests ................................................................. 7-30
Phase Overcurrent Element Tests .......................................................................................... 7-31
Loss-Of-Potential Test .......................................................................................................... 7-32
Z2DG and Z3DG Timer Tests............................................................................................... 7-33
Z2DP Timer Test.................................................................................................................. 7-34
Remote-End-Just-Opened Tests ............................................................................................. 7-35
Switch-Onto-Fault Tests ....................................................................................................... 7-36
Recloser Test ........................................................................................................................ 7-37
Synchronizing and Polarizing Voltage Element Tests ............................................................. 7-38
Voltage Checking Logic Tests ............................................................................................... 7-38
Synchronism Checking Logic Tests ....................................................................................... 7-39
Input Circuits Test ................................................................................................................ 7-40
Serial Ports Test ................................................................................................................... 7-41
IRIG-B Time Code Input Test............................................................................................... 7-41
Power Supply Voltages Test.................................................................................................. 7-42
Calibration............................................................................................................................ 7-42
Troubleshooting .................................................................................................................... 7-43
Firmware Upgrade Instructions ............................................................................................. 7-46
Program to Compute Test Set Settings for Testing Distance Relays ....................................... 7-48
APPENDICES
Parts Placement Diagram

Date Code 961208 Table of Contents iii
SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual
TABLES
Table 2.1: Relay Word ........................................................................................................... 2-5
Table 2.2: Logic Input Functions ............................................................................................. 2-12
Table 2.3: LOPE Settings ........................................................................................................ 2-17
Table 2.4: Relay Word Bit Summary ....................................................................................... 2-21
Table 2.5: Power Supply Self Test Limits ................................................................................ 2-29
Table 2.6: Self Test Summary.................................................................................................. 2-31
Table 2.7: Voltages and Currents for Mho Elements G, BG, CG, B, BC, C ...................... 2-34
Table 2.8: Directional Element Torque Equations..................................................................... 2-36
Table 3.1: Serial Port Connecter Pin ssignments .................................................................... 3-3
Table 3.2: Hexadecimal/Binary Conversion.............................................................................. 3-14
Table 3.3: Target LED ssignment.......................................................................................... 3-15
Table 4.1: Event Report Triggering ctions ............................................................................. 4-1
Table 4.2: Non-Event Report Triggering ctions...................................................................... 4-1
Table 5.1: Settings for: Bus B, 230 kV Breaker 3..................................................................... 5-30
Table 5.2: Reclosing Relay Timing Examples ......................................................................... 5-36
Table 5.3: Recloser Settings for Examples 1 and 2 ................................................................... 5-37
Table 5.4: Recloser Settings for Example 3.............................................................................. 5-39
Table 5.5: Recloser Settings for Example 4.............................................................................. 5-40
Table 6.1: Pin Definition.......................................................................................................... 6-4
Table 7.1: Fault Locator Test Values ....................................................................................... 7-10
Table 7.2: Output Contact and Target LED Results ................................................................. 7-10
Table 7.3: Three-Phase Fault Voltages and Currents at MT ................................................... 7-18
Table 7.4: Zone 1 Three-Phase Fault Test Quantities at MT .................................................. 7-20
Table 7.5: Zone 1 Three-Phase Fault Test Quantities at MT +45°.......................................... 7-21
Table 7.6: Zone 1 Phase-Phase Test Voltages and Currents, BC Fault ...................................... 7-24
Table 7.7: Zone 1 Phase-Phase Test Quantities at MT +45° .................................................. 7-25
Table 7.8: Zone 1 Ground Element Test Quantities, G Fault .................................................. 7-26
Table 7.9: Zone 1 Phase-Ground Test Quantities at MT + 45°................................................ 7-28
Table 7.10: 32Q Test Voltages .................................................................................................. 7-28
Table 7.11: Current Quantities for 51N Timing Test Example.................................................... 7-31
Table 7.12: Conditions To Test the SET LOP and CLE R LOP Logic ...................................... 7-32
Table 7.13: Standard Zone 2 G Fault Using Factory Relay Settings ......................................... 7-33
Table 7.14: Standard Zone 3 G Fault Using Factory Relay Settings ......................................... 7-33
Table 7.15: Standard Zone 2 BC Fault Using Factory Relay Settings ......................................... 7-34
Table 7.16: Zone 2 G Fault Quantities .................................................................................... 7-36
Table 7.17: 1 G Fault............................................................................................................... 7-37
Table 7.18: Contact Inputs and Terminal Numbers .................................................................... 7-41

iv Table of Contents Date Code 961208
SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual
FIGURES
Figure 1.1: System Single Line Diagram for the SEL-221F-1 Relay Modification
Explanation ...................................................................................................... 1-3
Figure 2.1: Three Zones of Phase and Ground Mho Distance Protection .................................... 2-3
Figure 2.2: 32Q Polarization Criteria ........................................................................................ 2-10
Figure 2.3: Relay Targets.......................................................................................................... 2-22
Figure 2.4: Self-Polarized Mho Element Reach at Maximum Torque ngle ............................... 2-32
Figure 2.5: Phase-Phase Element Response for a Three-Phase Forward Fault ............................ 2-33
Figure 2.6: Phase-Phase Element Response for a Phase-Phase Forward Fault ............................ 2-33
Figure 2.7: Phase-Ground Element Response for a Phase-Ground Forward Fault ...................... 2-34
Figure 2.8: Positive-Sequence Polarizing Voltage Block Diagram .............................................. 2-35
Figure 2.9: Programmable Logic Mask nalogy........................................................................ 2-37
Figure 2.10: Phase and Ground Distance Element Speed Curves.................................................. 2-38
Figure 2.11: Residual Time-Overcurrent Element Moderately Inverse Time
Characteristic (Curve 1)....................................................................................... 2-40
Figure 2.12: Residual Time-Overcurrent Element Inverse Time Characteristic (Curve 2) ......... 2-41
Figure 2.13: Residual Time-Overcurrent Element Very Inverse Time
Characteristic (Curve 3)....................................................................................... 2-42
Figure 2.14: Residual Time-Overcurrent Element Extremely Inverse Time
Characteristic (Curve 4)....................................................................................... 2-43
Logic Diagrams ............................................................................................................................... 2-44
Figure 3.1: Nine-Pin Connecter Pin Number Convention ........................................................... 3-2
Figure 4.1: Example System Single-Line Diagram..................................................................... 4-11
Figure 5.1: 230 kV Setting Example System Single-Line Diagram............................................. 5-3
Figure 5.2: Sync-Check Window............................................................................................... 5-l 1
Figure 5.3 : 52 Input and 52BT Timing Diagram .................................................................... 5-22
Figure 5.4: Faulted Line With ll Sources In ........................................................................... 5-23
Figure 5.5: Faulted System with Breakers 1 and 2 Closed.......................................................... 5-24
Figure 5.6: Faulted System with Breaker 2 Open ....................................................................... 5-24
Figure 5.7: Single Shot Unsupervised Reclose Sequence ............................................................ 5-37
Figure 5.8: Reclosing Cancelled Due to RC ssertion .............................................................. 5-38
Figure 5.9: Live Bus\Dead-Line Supervised Reclose.................................................................. 5-39
Figure 5.10: Sync-Check Supervised Reclose Sequence ............................................................... 5-41
Figure 6.1: Nine-Pin Connector Pin Number Convention .......................................................... 6-3
Figure 6.2: Horizontal Front and Rear Pane1 Drawings............................................................ 6-7
Figure 6.3: Relay Dimensions, Panel Cutout, and Drill Plan ...................................................... 6-8
Figure 6.4: Communications and Clock Connections - One Unit at One Location ....................... 6-9
Figure 6.5: Communications and Clock Connections - Multiple Units at One Location............... 6-9
Figure 6.6: SEL Relay Communications Diagram for Connection to the SEL-DT .................... 6-10
Figure 6.7: External Current and Voltage Connections............................................................... 6-10
Figure 6.8: Dc External Connection Diagram (Typical) ............................................................ 6-11
SEL Direction and Polarity Check Form........................................................................................... 6-12
Figure 7.1: Relay Part Number and Hardware Identification Sticker ....................................... 7-4
Figure 7.2: Communication Interface Setup.............................................................................. 7-5
Figure 7.3: METER Test Connections....................................................................................... 7-14
Figure 7.4: Example ONEBUS Input Data for Phase-Phase and Ground Faults ......................... 7-16
Figure 7.5: Example ONEBUS Result Screen for Phase-Phase and Ground Faults .......... 7-16

Date Code 961208 Table of Contents v
SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual
Figure 7.6: Example ONEBUS Input Data for Three-Phase Faults ............................................ 7-17
Figure 7.7: Example ONEBUS Result Screen for Three-Phase Faults........................................ 7-17
Figure 7.8a: Three-Phase Voltage and Current Source Test Connections for Three-Phase
Fault Test ......................................................................................................... 7-19
Figure 7.8b: Three-Phase Voltage and Two-Phase Current Source Test Connections for
Three-Phase Fault Test ..................................................................................... 7-20
Figure 7.9a: Three-Phase Voltage and Two-Phase Current Source Test Connections for
Phase-Phase Mho Test ...................................................................................... 7-23
Figure 7.9b: Three-Phase Voltage and One-Phase Current Source Test Connections for
Phase-Phase Mho Test ...................................................................................... 7-23
Figure 7.13: Three-Phase Voltage and One-Phase Current Source Test Connections for
Phase-Ground Distance Element Test ................................................................ 7-26
Figure 7.11: Three Voltage vs. One Voltage for Directional Tests................................................ 7-29
Figure 7.12: Voltage Connections When SYNCP = ................................................................. 7-40
Figure 7.13: Nine-Pin Connecter Pin Number Convention ........................................................... 7-42

Date Code 920508 Table of Contents i
SEL-221F, -1 Instruction Manual
INTRODUCTION
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Getting Started................................................................................................................................. 1-1
Relay Overview ............................................................................................................................... 1-1
Model Variations Covered By This Instruction Manual..................................................................... 1-2
Other SEL-221F Relay Model Variations ......................................................................................... l-3
General Description ......................................................................................................................... l-3
FIGURES
Figure 1.1: System Single Line Diagram for the SEL-221F-1 Relay Modification
Explanation ......................................................................................................... 1-3

INTRODUCTION
GETTING STARTED
This instruction manual applies to SEL-221F and SEL-221F-1 relays. Please remember that
the hardware is identical for all SEL-221F relays. Firmware changes to the logic controlling
reclosing and command access level differentiate SEL-221F relay model variations.
If you are not familiar with the SEL-221F or SEL-221F-1 relay, we suggest that you read this
introduction, then perform the Initial Checkout Procedure in Section 7: M INTEN NCE &
TESTING.
RELAY OVERVIEW
The SEL-221F family of relays are designed to protect transmission, subtransmission, and
distribution lines for all fault types. The following list outlines protective features, perfor-
mance, and versatility gained when applying any SEL-221F relay to your installations.
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Three zones of instantaneous/definite-time phase and ground distance protection
Residual time-overcurrent element with selectable curves
Instantaneous residual overcurrent element
Negative-sequence polarization of ground directional elements
Versatile user programmable logic for outputs and tripping
Programmable switch-onto-fault logic
Loss-of-potential detection logic
Programmable single-shot reclosing
Synch-check and voltage checking to supervise breaker closure
Fault locating
Metering
EI RS-232-C Communication ports for local and remote access
utomatic self testing
Demodulated IRIG-B time code input
Target indicators for faults and testing
Compact and economical
Date Code 920508 Introduction
SEL-221F, -1 Instrusction Manual
1-1