Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories SEL-2BFR User manual

SEL-2BFR, -2/BFR
BREAKER FAILURE RELAY AND MONITOR
INSTRUCTION MANUAL
20030207
SCHWEITZER ENGINEERING LABORATORIES
2350 NE HOPKINS COURT
PULLMAN, WA USA 99163-5603
TEL: [phone] FAX: [phone]

The software (firmware), schematic drawings, relay commands, and relay messages are copyright protected by the United States Copyright Law and
International Treaty provisions. ll rights are reserved.
You may not copy, alter, disassemble, or reverse-engineer the software. You may not provide the software to any third party.
ll brand or product names appearing in this document are the trademark or registered trademark of their respective holders.
CSELER TOR, Connectorized, CONSELT NT, Job Done, Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, , SEL, SELOGIC, and SEL-PROFILE, are registered
trademarks of Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Inc.
The English language manual is the only approved SEL manual.
Copyright ©  SEL 1990, 1991, 1992, 1994, 1996, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2003 ( ll rights reserved) Printed in US .
This product is covered by U.S. Patent Numbers: 5,157,575 and 5,479,315.
This product is covered by the standard SEL 10-year warranty. For warranty details, visit www.selinc.com or contact your customer service
representative. PM2BFR-01

Date Code 20030207 Manual Change Information i
SEL-2BFR, -2/BFR Instruction Manual
MANUAL CHANGE INFORMATION
The date code at the bottom of each page of this manual reflects the creation or revision date.
Date codes are changed only on pages that have been revised and any following pages affected
by the revisions (i.e., pagination). If significant revisions are made to a section, the date code on
all pages of the section will be changed to reflect the revision date.
Each time revisions are made, both the main table of contents and the affected individual section
table of contents are regenerated and the date code is changed to reflect the revision date.
Changes in this manual to date are summarized below (most recent revisions listed at top).
Revision
Date Summary of Revisions
20030207 Updated Appendix A: Firmware Versions in this Manual.
20010515 Added information on the effect of 50FT pickup on IRIG-B operation in
Section 2: Specifications and Section 5: Applications.
990714 Changed footers on entire manual to reflect SEL-2BFR, -2/BFR.
Added Model Variation Information to Section 1: Introduction.
Incorporated SEL-2BFR-2 Time Delayed Retrip Logic into Section 2:
Specifications.
Modified AND and OR gate numbering in Section 2: Specifications.
Reformatted Settings Sheets at end of Section 5: Event Reporting.
Added Appendix C: SEL-BFR to explain SEL-BFR Relay differences.
990512 Clarified Figure 2.12 in Section 2: Specifications.
Updated Appendix A: Firmware Versions in this Manual.
981019 Incorporated the following addenda into Section 1: Introduction: “ACB
Phase Rotation Option” and “50 Hz Options.”
Incorporated the following addenda into Section 2: Specifications: “New
SEL-200 Series Optical Isolator Logic Input Rating” and “SEL-2BFR/BFR
Instruction Manual Addendum for 1 Amp Version and 50/60 Hz Relays.”
Incorporated the following addendum into Section 6: Installation: “Jumper
Installation Instructions.”
Updated Figures 6.3, 6.4, and 6.5.
970423 2BFR Specifications Addendum - Addition

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Date Code 20030207 Table of Contents i
SEL-2BFR, -2/BFR Instruction Manual
SEL-2BFR, -2/BFR INSTRUCTION MANUAL
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION
SECTION 2: SPECIFICATIONS
SECTION 3: COMMUNICATIONS
SECTION 4: EVENT REPORTING
SECTION 5: APPLICATIONS
SECTION 6: INSTALLATION
SECTION 7: MAINTENANCE AND TESTING
SECTION 8: APPENDICES
Appendix A: Firmware Versions in This Manual
Appendix B: Internal Diagrams
Appendix C: SEL-BFR Specifications

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Date Code 990714 Introduction i
SEL-2BFR, -2/BFR Instruction Manual
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION ............................................................1-1
Getting Started ..............................................................................................................................1-1
Overview .......................................................................................................................................1-1
Relay Features .......................................................................................................................1-1
Model Variations ..........................................................................................................................1-2
SEL-BFR ...............................................................................................................................1-2
SEL-2BFR Relay...................................................................................................................1-2
2BFR-2 Relay........................................................................................................................1-2
Conventional Terminal Block ...............................................................................................1-2
Plug-In Connector .................................................................................................................1-3
Phase Rotation.......................................................................................................................1-3
System Frequency .................................................................................................................1-3
General Description ......................................................................................................................1-3

Date Code 990714 Introduction 1-1
SEL-2BFR, -2/BFR Instruction Manual
SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION
GETTING STARTED
This instruction manual applies to SEL-2BFR and SEL-2BFR-2 relays. Appendix C: SEL-BFR
Specifications outlines the differences between the SEL-2BFR and legacy SEL-BFR relays. The
hardware is identical for all SEL-2BFR relays.
If you are unfamiliar with the SEL-2BFR or SEL-2BFR-2 relays, we suggest that you read this
section, then perform the Initial Checkout Procedure in Section 7: Maintenance & Testing. For
a more detailed understanding of the relay, we suggest that you read the following sections in the
outlined order:
Section 2: Specifications for a description of the logic and how it works with logic inputs, the
Relay Word, and relay outputs
Section 5: Applications for a description of breaker failure timing, an application outline that
guides settings selection, and Settings Sheets.
Section 3: Communications for a description of the commands used to set the relay for
protection, set the relay for control, obtain target information, obtain metering information, etc.
Section 4: Event Reporting for a description of event report generation, summary event reports,
long event reports, and their interpretation.
OVERVIEW
Relay Features
The SEL-2BFR Breaker Failure Relay and Monitor performs many circuit breaker protective
relaying, diagnostic, and data recording functions. The relay detects the following line circuit
breaker failure modes:
 Failure to clear a fault (six available schemes).
 Failure to trip under load.
 Failure of the breaker auxiliary contact to indicate that the breaker tripped.
 Failure to complete trip sequence due to trip resistor(s) remaining inserted.
 Failure to complete close sequence due to close resistor(s) remaining inserted.
 Failure to close.
 Failure while open: breaker pole flashover detected.

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SEL—2BFR, -2/BFR Instruction Manual
Other features and capabilities include:
 Recording of summaries for the last 100 breaker operations.
 Fifteen-cycle event recording of the last nine operations.
 Alarm event history including slow trip, slow close, blown potential fuse, etc.
 Motor-Operated Disconnect (MOD) trip and power circuit breaker isolation security
logic.
 Instantaneous or time-delayed retripping capability.
 User-selectable targets for operations and testing.
 Programmable Mask Logic for flexible application and testing.
 Metering.
 Communications ports for local and remote access.
 Automatic self-tests.
 Demodulated IRIG-B time code input port.
 Compact size.
Unique protection features and economy make the SEL-2BFR Relay an ideal breaker failure
relay.
MODEL VARIATIONS
SEL-BFR
This manual is written for SEL-2BFR relays. For SEL-BFR relays, substitute SEL-BFR for each
reference to SEL-2BFR. Refer to . Appendix C: SEL-BFR Specifications for SEL-BFR
general specifications and drawings
SEL-2BFR Relay
The basic SEL-2BFR relay has all the features outlined in the preceding Overview.
2BFR-2 Relay
This variation adds a timer, RTSD (Retrip Seal-In Delay), to delay the seal-in of the trip input in
the time-delayed retrip logic. This timer has a settable pickup time and instantaneous dropout
time. You can set the pickup time to filter out undesirable transients, see Section 2:
Specifications.
Conventional Terminal Block
This model includes hardware that supports three current inputs, three voltage inputs, six
optoisolated inputs, eight output contacts, two EIA-232 ports, and IRIG-B time code in a 3.5”
(2U) rack mount package. It uses terminal blocks that support #6 ring terminals. This robust
package meets or exceeds numerous industry standard type tests.

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SEL-2BFR, -2/BFR Instruction Manual
Plug-In Connector
This model includes hardware that supports all of the features of the conventional terminal block
model. It differs in its use of plug-in connectors instead of terminal blocks. In addition, it
provides
 High current interrupting output contacts.
 Quick connect/release hardware for rear-panel terminals.
 Time code input access on all rear communications ports.
This robust package meets or exceeds numerous industry standard type tests.
Phase Rotation
This manual is written for standard ABC phase rotation applications. If your SEL relay is
ordered with the ACB phase rotation option, references made in the instruction manual to voltage
and current phase angle should be noted accordingly. The firmware identification number (FID)
may be used to verify whether your relay was ordered with ABC ("B") or ACB ("C") rotation.
All current and voltage inputs are connected to the SEL relay rear panel as shown in the
instruction manual.
System Frequency
This manual is written for relays operating at a nominal system frequency of 60 Hz. For relays
which specify a nominal frequency of 50 Hz, substitute 50 Hz for each reference to 60 Hz.
References made to a sampling time of 1/240 seconds should be replaced with a time of
1/200 seconds.
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The SEL-2BFR Relay is a single- or three-pole breaker failure protection and monitoring
package. The relay provides classical overcurrent-based breaker failure protection for a wide
variety of breaker arrangements. Additional features include metering, event reporting, remote
setting capabilities, breaker operating time monitors, energy interruption monitors, and breaker
resistor thermal protection. Simple hardware design and efficient digital signal processing
ensure reliability. Extensive self-testing and communication capabilities enhance availability.
The SEL-2BFR Relay has six fault current-driven breaker protection schemes, including one
specially designed for ring-bus or breaker-and-a-half applications. Tailor the relay to your circuit
breaker protection requirements by selecting the most appropriate scheme.
The relay detects failures to interrupt fault, load, or line-charging current. It also detects failures
of breaker poles to complete a close sequence. When potential transformers are used, the relay
can detect open breaker pole flashover failures.

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SEL—2BFR, -2/BFR Instruction Manual
Independent phase current detectors, protection logic, and timers make the relay easy to apply on
both simple systems and more complicated breaker arrangements such as single-pole trip installa-
tions.
The SEL-2BFR Relay stores summaries of the 100 latest events in nonvolatile memory. These
summaries include event type, mechanical and electrical operating times, breaker energy, and
date and time of operation. Using this breaker history, you can monitor breaker wear and
effectively schedule routine breaker maintenance.
A breaker can occasionally operate incompletely, leaving trip or close resistors in service. The
energy dissipated in a breaker resistor due to current flow can exceed the resistor thermal rating
within seconds, resulting in dangerous and expensive resistor failure.
When potential transformer inputs are used, the SEL-2BFR Relay uses six thermal models to
monitor energy dissipated in breaker trip and close resistors. When a resistor temperature
estimate reaches preset limits, the relay can alarm, generate an event report, or trip the lockout
relay. Resistor thermal models have pending failure and failure temperature levels.
The thermal protection function does not require an initiating input; it monitors the breaker
continuously. Thermal protection can be disabled when trip and close resistors are not used.
When you use a single motor-operated disconnect switch (MOD) with the protected breaker, the
SEL-2BFR Relay can trip the MOD to isolate the failed breaker when phase current drops below
a settable value. When an MOD is not installed, the MOD logic may be used to indicate a ‘Safe
to Disconnect’ condition to personnel.
The relay also includes Programmable Mask Logic, which allows you to configure the 86BF
TRIP and five auxiliary outputs to operate when any of 40 protective elements or logic outputs
pick up. You can implement complete application-specific protective schemes with a minimum
of wiring and panel space. Programmable Mask Logic also simplifies relay testing.
Communications functions provide remote and local examination of a wide range of data,
including the voltages and currents presented to the instrument, relay settings, and a history of
the last 100 events. You can enter and modify relay settings remotely; you can also control all
outputs via the communications channel. A two-level password scheme protects settings and
circuit breaker control. The SEL-2BFR Relay monitors password execution and closes the
ALARM contact output to indicate possible unauthorized access. The relay requires no special
communication software. Access the relay with a dumb terminal, printing terminal, or computer
with serial port and terminal emulation software.
A wide range of user-selectable events, including any input or output assertion (except ALARM),
triggers the event record function. Assertion of the 86BF TRIP output automatically generates an
event report. You can also set the relay to trigger an event report for CLOSE or TRIP input
assertions. This ensures a record of every normal circuit breaker operation, as well as every
circuit breaker failure (Section 4: Event Reporting includes more details on triggering event
reports).
The event report contains all information needed to determine the cause of relay and breaker
operations. These 15-cycle reports contain current, voltage, input, output, and relay element data
presented on a quarter-cycle basis. Parameters such as event type, relay response time, circuit
breaker operation time, currents, voltages, and breaker power dissipation appear directly in the

Date Code 990714 Introduction 1-5
SEL-2BFR, -2/BFR Instruction Manual
event report or can be calculated from the data stored. All event reports are time-tagged by a
self-contained clock/calendar.
The SEL-2BFR Relay is available in either a conventional terminal block or plug-in connector
model. The conventional terminal block relay has #6-32 screw terminals for ring lugs. The plug-
in connector model offers easy and fast connector installation and replacement through the use of
plug-in connectors. Inputs and outputs use Euro-style plugs. CT, PT, and power connectors
come with factory-crimped custom wiring harnesses. Shorting mechanisms within CT plugs
automatically short CT secondaries upon removal of the plugs from the relay.
High current interrupting contacts are standard on the SEL-2BFR plug-in connector model.
These contacts use an electromechanical relay with solid state circuitry to interrupt dc currents
far greater than that of a typical contact output. This circuitry employs no silicon-controlled
rectifiers (SCRs). The circuit is designed to make 30 Adc, carry 6 Adc, and interrupt 10 Adc.
The circuit can interrupt 10 Adc four times in one second. The circuit then must cool for two
minutes to prevent thermal damage.

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Date Code 20010515 Specifications i
SEL-2BFR, -2/BFR Instruction Manual
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION 2: SPECIFICATIONS .........................................................2-1
General Specifications...................................................................................................................2-1
General ..................................................................................................................................2-1
Fault Current Element (50FT)...............................................................................................2-3
MOD Current Element (50MD) ............................................................................................2-3
Load/Line-Charging Current Element (50LD)......................................................................2-3
Flashover Voltage Element (59FO).......................................................................................2-3
Negative-Sequence Overvoltage Element (47Q) ..................................................................2-4
Flashover Voltage Element (59H).........................................................................................2-4
Voltage Across Closed Breaker Element (Vwarn)................................................................2-4
Current Unbalance Element (87UB) .....................................................................................2-4
Overpower Elements (37OP) ................................................................................................2-4
Breaker Resistor Thermal Elements (26CF, 26CP, 26TF, 26TP) .........................................2-4
Settable Timers......................................................................................................................2-5
Fixed Timers..........................................................................................................................2-5
Logic Inputs ..................................................................................................................................2-5
Relay Outputs................................................................................................................................2-6
86BF TRIP Output ................................................................................................................2-6
Programmable Outputs (A1, A2, A3, A4, A5)......................................................................2-6
ALARM Output ....................................................................................................................2-7
Relay Word ...................................................................................................................................2-7
Programmable Output Logic.........................................................................................................2-9
Relay Targets ..............................................................................................................................2-10
Signal Processing ........................................................................................................................2-11
Logic Description........................................................................................................................2-11
Protection While Tripping Fault Current.............................................................................2-12
Scheme 1 .....................................................................................................................2-12
Scheme 2 .....................................................................................................................2-13
Scheme 3 .....................................................................................................................2-13
Scheme 4 .....................................................................................................................2-14
Scheme 5 .....................................................................................................................2-14
Scheme 6 .....................................................................................................................2-15
Protection While Tripping Load or Line-Charging Current................................................2-17
Thermal Protection of Close and Trip Resistors .................................................................2-19
Protection for Current Through an Open Breaker (Flashover)............................................2-22
Protection for Failure to Close ............................................................................................2-22
Time-Delayed Breaker Retrip (SEL-2BFR Relay) .............................................................2-23
Time-Delayed Breaker Retrip (SEL-2BFR-2 Relay) ..........................................................2-24
86BF Trip and Reset Logic .................................................................................................2-25
MOD Trip Disabled.....................................................................................................2-25
MOD Trip Enabled......................................................................................................2-26
52BV Logic .........................................................................................................................2-28
Alarm Logic ........................................................................................................................2-29
Failed CB Trip Resistors Put in Service......................................................................2-29
Failed CB Close Resistors Put in Service....................................................................2-29
52A Contradicts Voltage .............................................................................................2-29

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SEL—2BFR, -2/BFR Instruction Manual
Current While Open.....................................................................................................2-29
Trip While Open..........................................................................................................2-30
CB Did Not Close........................................................................................................2-30
Blown Pot Fuse............................................................................................................2-30
Current After MOD Trip .............................................................................................2-30
MOD Contradicts Current ...........................................................................................2-30
MOD Trip Failed.........................................................................................................2-30
Volts Across Closed CB ..............................................................................................2-30
Slow Trip .....................................................................................................................2-30
Slow Close...................................................................................................................2-30
Serial Interfaces...........................................................................................................................2-31
IRIG-B Input Description............................................................................................................2-31
Event Reporting...........................................................................................................................2-32
Metering ......................................................................................................................................2-32
Self-Testing .................................................................................................................................2-32
Offset...................................................................................................................................2-33
Power Supply ......................................................................................................................2-33
Random-Access Memory ....................................................................................................2-33
Read-Only Memory.............................................................................................................2-33
Analog-to-Digital Converter ...............................................................................................2-33
Master Offset.......................................................................................................................2-33
Settings ................................................................................................................................2-33
Programmable Logic Mask Concept...........................................................................................2-34
Overcurrent Element Operating Time Curves.............................................................................2-35
TABLES
Table 2.1: Logic Input Functions ...........................................................................................................2-6
Table 2.2: SEL-2BFR Relay Word ........................................................................................................2-7
Table 2.3: Relay Word Bit Definitions ..................................................................................................2-8
Table 2.4: Front-Panel Target Illumination Conditions .......................................................................2-10
Table 2.5: Power Supply Self-Test Limits ...........................................................................................2-33
FIGURES
Figure 2.1: A-Phase Failure to Trip for Fault Logic, Scheme 1 ............................................................2-13
Figure 2.2: A-Phase Failure to Trip for Fault Logic, Scheme 2 ............................................................2-13
Figure 2.3: A-Phase Failure to Trip for Fault Logic, Scheme 3 ............................................................2-14
Figure 2.4: A-Phase Failure to Trip for Fault Logic, Scheme 4 ............................................................2-14
Figure 2.5: A-Phase Failure to Trip for Fault Logic, Scheme 5 ............................................................2-15
Figure 2.6: A-Phase and Three-Phase Failure to Trip for Fault Logic, Scheme 6 ................................2-15
Figure 2.7: Double-Breaker Arrangement Provides Two Fault Current Sources..................................2-17
Figure 2.8: Failure to Trip Load or Line-Charging Current Logic........................................................2-18
Figure 2.9: Trip and Close Resistor Thermal Protection Logic.............................................................2-20
Figure 2.10: Protection for Current Through an Open Breaker Logic ....................................................2-21
Figure 2.11: Phase Discordance While Closing Logic ............................................................................2-23
Figure 2.12: Time-Delayed Retrip Logic (SEL-2BFR Relay) ................................................................2-24
Figure 2.13: Time-Delayed Retrip Logic (SEL-2BFR-2 Relay) .............................................................2-25

Date Code 20010515 Specifications iii
SEL-2BFR, -2/BFR Instruction Manual
Figure 2.14: 86BF TRIP and Reset Logic (MOD Trip Disabled) ...........................................................2-25
Figure 2.15: MOD Trip Disabled Logic Timing Diagram ......................................................................2-26
Figure 2.16: 86BF TRIP, Reset, and MOD Trip Logic (MOD Trip Enabled) ........................................2-27
Figure 2.17: MOD Trip Enabled Logic Timing Diagram .......................................................................2-28
Figure 2.18: 52BV Logic.........................................................................................................................2-28
Figure 2.19: Programmable Logic Mask Analogy ..................................................................................2-35
Figure 2.20: 50FT Pickup Time Curves ..................................................................................................2-36
Figure 2.21: 50FT Dropout Time Curves................................................................................................2-36
Figure 2.22: 50MD Pickup Time Curves ................................................................................................2-37
Figure 2.23: 50MD Dropout Time Curves ..............................................................................................2-37
Figure 2.24: 50LD Pickup Time Curves..................................................................................................2-38
Figure 2.25: 50LD Dropout Time Curves ...............................................................................................2-38