Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories SEL-267D User manual

SEL-267D
SEL-167D
PHASE AND GROUND
DIRECTIONAL OVERCURRENT RELAY
WITH RECLOSER AND FAULT LOCATOR
INSTRUCTION MANUAL
SCHWEITZER ENGINEERING LABORATORIES
2350 NE HOPKINS COURT
PULLMAN, WA 99163-5603
TEL: [phone] FAX: [phone]

Customer
P.O.#:
Book Assembled and Checked by
Date Assembled and Checked
The software (firmware , schematic drawings, relay commands, and relay messages are copyright
protected by the United States Copyright Law and International Treaty provisions. All rights are
reserved.
You may not copy, alter, disassemble, or reverse-engineer the software. You may not provide the
software to any third party.
The schematics and parts lists are provided solely for the purpose of product maintenance.
Copyright © SEL 1992
(All rights reserved
Printed in USA

Standard Product Warranty – Ten Years
D EFINITION OF T ERMS
Product:
All items manufactured by SEL that are sold to a customer.
New Product: A product manufactured by SEL that is sold for the first time.
Customer: An end-user of the product.
N EW P RODUCT W ARRANTY
All new products sold to customers are warranted against defects in design, materials, and
workmanship for a period of ten (10 years from the date of first retail delivery to a customer. If
it is determined that the new product defect is covered under this warranty, SEL will repair,
replace, or substitute an identical unit at its own discretion to the customer at no charge.
SEL may, at its own discretion, require the customer to ship the unit back to the factory for
diagnosis before making a determination as to whether it is covered by this warranty. In such
event, SEL may, at its own discretion, decide to provide the customer with a substitute unit which
may be sent to the customer either from the SEL factory or from an authorized representative or
distributor from their inventory.
All expenses related to the shipment of defective units back to SEL or the provision of a
substitute unit to the customer are the responsibility of the customer. This expense may include,
but is not limited to, freight, insurance, Customs clearance, and duties. All expenses related to
the shipment of repaired units back to customers (or the provision of a new unit to the customer
will be borne by SEL.
P RODUCT U PGRADE P OLICY
From time to time, SEL makes product upgrades to add to or enhance the performance of the
products. Customers of a particular product being issued an upgrade will be notified either by
SEL directly or through its authorized representatives or distributors.
Customers who have purchased an annual upgrade policy will receive all upgrades during the
calendar year free of charge. Customers who did not purchase the annual upgrade policy may
purchase each unit upgrade individually. The annual upgrade policy can be purchased at any
time. Regardless of whether the upgrade policy is purchased, SEL will make reasonable efforts
to notify all customesrs of all available upgrades.
SCHWEITZER ENGINEERING LABORATORIES
2350 NE Hopkins Court • Pullman, WA • 99163-5603 • USA
Phone: [phone] • Fax: [phone]
E-mail: [email protected] • Internet: www.selinc.com

E QUIPMENT R EPAIR AND W ARRANTY
Repair costs of products not covered under this warranty are paid for by customers. Customers
are responsible for the cost of shipping the products to SEL located at: 2350 NE Hopkins Court,
Pullman, Washington 99163 USA.
All products repaired by SEL will be warranted against defects in material and workmanship for a
period of one year from the date the equipment is returned to the customer or the remainder of the
new product warranty, whichever is longer.
L IMITATIONS
SEL’s warranty does not extend to (A SEL’s products subject to (i improper installation,
connection, operation, maintenance, or storage; (ii accident, damage, abuse, or misuse; (iii
abnormal or unusual operating conditions or applications outside the specifications for the
product; (iv a purpose or application in any way different from that for which the products were
designed; or (v repairs conducted by persons other than SEL employees or an authorized
representative or distributor; (B Equipment and products not manufactured by SEL. Such
equipment and products may be covered by a warranty issued by the respective manufacturer.
This warranty is in lieu of any other warranties, express or implied, including without limitation,
any warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose, and is in lieu of any and all
other obligations or liability of SEL. Under no circumstances shall SEL be liable for any
accidential or consequential damages or for any other loss, injury, damage, or expense of any
kind including loss of profits arising hereunder.
To the extent any court, arbitration panel, or other governmental body of competent jurisdiction
shall declare any provision of this warranty invalid or unenforceable by reason of a rule of law or
public policy, all the other provisions hereof shall remain in full force and effect.
All brand or product names appearing in this document are the trademark or registered trademark of their respective holders.
Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, SELOGIC, Connectorized, and are registered trademarks of Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories.
Copyright © SEL 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000 (All rights reserved) Printed in USA.
SEL Standard Product Warranty Date Code 20000120

SEL RELAY INSTRUCTION MANUAL ADDENDUM
ACB PHASE ROTATION OPTION
The SEL relay instruction manuals are written for standard ABC phase rotation applications.
If your SEL relay is ordered with the ACB phase rotation option, references made in the
instruction manual to voltage and current phase angle should be noted accordingly. The
firmware identification number (FID may be used to verify whether your relay was ordered
with ABC or ACB rotation.
All current and voltage inputs are connected to the SEL relay rear panel as shown in the
instruction manual.
Date Code 930719 SEL Relay Addendum A-1

i
Table of Contents Date Code 950829
SEL-267D Instruction Manual
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
Getting Started ......................................................................................................................... 1-1
Overview .................................................................................................................................. 1-1
Basic Protective Capabilities .................................................................................................... 1-2
General Information .................................................................................................................. 1-3
SPECIFICATIONS
Relay Standards and Input Parameters....................................................................................... 2-1
Detailed Specifications .............................................................................................................. 2-3
Hardware Description ............................................................................................................... 2-5
Signal Processing ...................................................................................................................... 2-6
Inputs and Outputs.................................................................................................................... 2-6
Definition of Logic Variables ................................................................................................ 2-10
Logic Description.................................................................................................................. 2-11
Intermediate Logic ................................................................................................................ 2-13
Relay Word ......................................................................................................................... 2-14
Output Equations .................................................................................................................. 2-15
Reclosing Relay .................................................................................................................... 2-17
Targets ................................................................................................................................. 2-17
Self Tests ............................................................................................................................. 2-18
Setting Procedure .................................................................................................................. 2-20
Event Report ........................................................................................................................ 2-21
Fault Locator ....................................................................................................................... 2-21
Directional Elements ............................................................................................................. 2-24
Time-Overcurrent Elements and Curves................................................................................. 2-25
Time-Overcurrent Curve Equations ....................................................................................... 2-36
Logic Diagrams .................................................................................................................... 2-31
COMMUNICATIONS
Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 3-1
Serial Port Connections and Configurations ............................................................................... 3-2
Communications Protocol.......................................................................................................... 3-2
Command Characteristics.......................................................................................................... 3-4
Command Descriptions ............................................................................................................. 3-6
Command Summary.............................................................................................................. 3-23

ii Table of Contents Date Code 950829
SEL-267D Instruction Manual
EVENT REPORTING
Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 4-1
Example Event Report ................................. ............................................................................ 4-2
Interpretation of Voltage and Current Data ................................................................................ 4-3
Relay Elements Status Indicators............................................................................................... 4-5
Firmware Identification ............................................................................................................. 4-7
Sample Event Report................................................................................................................. 4-8
INSTALLATION
Mounting .................................................................................................................................. 5-l
Frame Ground Connection......................................................................................................... 5-1
Power Connections.................................................................................................................... 5-1
Secondary Circuits.................................................................................................................... 5-1
Control Circuits ........................................................................................................................ 5-2
Communications Circuits .......................................................................................................... 5-2
Jumper Selection....................................................................................................................... 5-2
EIA RS-232-C and IRIG-B Installation ..................................................................................... 5-3
Installation Checkout................................................................................................................. 5-6
MAINTENANCE AND TESTING
Initial Checkout......................................................................................................................... 6-1
Functional Tests........................................................................................................................ 6-5
Calibration................................................................................................................................ 6-9
Troubleshooting Guide .............................................................................................................. 6-9
Troubleshooting Table .............................................................................................................. 6-9
APPENDICES
Appendix A - Firmware Versions in this Manual ..................................................... Appendix A-1
Appendix B - Parts Placement Diagram................................................................... Appendix B-1
Appendix C - Onebus: Program to Compute Test Set Settings for Testing
Distance Relays .......................................................................................... Appendix C-1

Date Code 950829 Table of Contents iii
SEL-267D Instruction Manual
TABLES
Table 2.2: Input Parameters.............................................................................................................. 2-7
Table 2.3: Relay Outputs.................................................................................................................. 2-9
Table 2.4: Relay Word ................................................................................................................. 2-14
Table 2.5: Relay Word Bit Summary ............................................................................................ 2-15
Table 2.6: Front Panel Target Conditions for Illumination............................................................. 2-17
Table 2.7: Power Supply Self Test Limits..................................................................................... 2-18
Table 2.8: Self Test Summary ...................................................................................................... 2-20
Table 3.1: Hexadecimal/Binary Conversion .................................................................................. 3-13
Table 3.2: Target LED Assignment .............................................................................................. 3-15
Table 5.1: Pin Definitions................................................................................................................. 5-5
Table 6.1: Fault Listings................................................................................................................... 6-4
Table 6.2: Fault Results ................................................................................................................... 6-4
FIGURES
Figure 2.1: Hardware Block Diagram ................................................................................................ 2-5
Figure 2.2: Programmable Trip Logic Diagram.............................................................................. 2-16
Figure 2.3: Moderately Inverse Curves............................................................................................... 2-
Figure 2.4: Inverse Curves................................................................................................................. 2-
Figure 2.5: Very Inverse Curves ........................................................................................................ 2-
Figure 2.6: Extremely Inverse Curves ................................................................................................ 2-
Logic Diagrams ............................................................................................................... 2-
Figure 5.1: 9-Pin Connector Pin Number Convention ......................................................................... 5-3
Figure 5.2: SEL-267D External Ac Current and Voltage Connections ................................................ 5-7
Figure 5.3: SEL-267D Dc External Connection Diagram (Typical .................................................... 5-8
Figure 5.4: Communication and Clock Connections (One Unit at One Location ................................. 5-8
Figure 5.5: Communication and Clock Connections (Multiple Units at One Location ......................... 5-9
Figure 5.6: Communications Diagram for Connection to the SEL-DTA .............................................. 5-9
Figure 5.7: Relay Dimensions, Panel Cutout, and Drill Plan ........................................................... 5-10
Figure 5.8: SEL-267D Horizontal Front and Rear Panel Drawing .................................................. 5-11

Date Code 920320 Table of Contents i
SEL-267D/167D Instruction Manual
INTRODUCTION
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Getting Started..................................................................................................................................... 1-1
Overview ............................................................................................................................................. 1-1
Basic Protective Capabilities ................................................................................................................ 1-2
General Information ............................................................................................................................. 1-3

INTRODUCTION
GETTING STARTED
This instruction manual applies to SEL-167D and SEL-267D relays. The SEL-267D and
SEL-167D relays have identical protection features, but use different hardware designs.
Where there are differences between the two relay models, both relays are described.
If you are not familiar with the relay, we suggest that you read this introduction, then perform
the Initial Checkout Procedure in Section 6: MAINTENANCE & TESTING.
OVERVIEW
The SEL-267D PHASE AND GROUND DIRECTIONAL OVERCURRENT RELAY WITH
FAULT LOCATOR may be applied to protect transmission, subtransmission and distribution
lines. The SEL-267D relay is intended for use on grounded systems with open-delta
connected potential transformers. Use the SEL-267 relay where wye-connected potential
transformers are applied.
The features of the SEL-267D relay include:

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
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

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Directional Overcurrent Protection for Phase and Ground Faults
Versatile User-Programmable Logic
Three-Shot Reclosing with Fuse Saving Capability
Fault Locating
Event Recording
Automatic Self Testing
Metering, Including Demand
Target Indicators for Faults and Testing
Time Code Input
Front and Rear Panel Communication Ports for Local and Remote Access
Compact and Economical
Date Code 920326 Introduction
SEL-267D/167D Instruction Manual
1-1

BASIC PROTECTIVE CAPABILITIES
The SEL-267D relay provides complete directional overcurrent protection for faults of all
types. The demand ammeter, with its programmable threshold and time constant, offers
overload protection and alarm functions.
Analog inputs from current and voltage transformers are delivered to the protective relaying
elements and saved for additional features, such as metering and fault locating.
The relay elements process the analog data. Some intermediate logic is performed, including
directional supervision of overcurrent elements and grouping of certain elements.
The states of the intermediate results and other data are recorded in the Relay Word.
Logic for tripping, closing, and other purposes uses the Relay Word data. Most of that logic
is programmable by logic masks.
P ase and T ree-P ase Faults
Phase fault protection consists of three instantaneous phase overcurrent elements and a time-
overcurrent element. These overcurrent elements are directionally supervised by the phase
directional element for both three-phase and phase-phase faults. To securely discriminate
between forward- and reverse-direction faults, the torque threshold of the phase directional
element must be exceeded for faults in either direction before fault direction is declared.
Each of the directionally-supervised outputs of the overcurrent elements drive timers. The
Relay Word contains the instantaneous nondirectional outputs (50P1, 50P2, 50P3 , the
instantaneous directional outputs (67P1, 67P2, 67P3 , and the definite-time delayed outputs
(Z1PT, Z2PT, Z3PT . The direction of 67P3/Z3PT may be reversed. The directionality for
these elements may also be disabled (67PE=N .
A time-overcurrent element (51P with selectable curve shapes is provided. It may be
directionally supervised.
Ground Faults
Ground fault protection consists of three instantaneous residual-overcurrent elements (50N1,
50N2, 50N3 and a residual time-overcurrent element (51N .
Direction is determined by a negative-sequence directional element or zero-sequence current
element. Settings are provided to select either negative-sequence polarization or zero-
sequence polarization of the ground overcurrent elements. To securely discriminate between
forward- and reverse-direction faults, the directional elements have a torque threshold which
must be exceeded in either direction before the fault direction is declared. The directionally-
supervised instantaneous elements are designated 67N1, 67N2, and 67N3. These elements
drive timers whose outputs are Z1GT, Z2GT, and Z3GT.
1-2 Introduction
SEL-267D/167D Instruction Manual
Date Code 920326

The direction of 67N3/Z3GT may be reversed to assist in blocking schemes, weak-infeed
schemes, and local bus protection for looped or double-feed circuits. Directionality may also
be disabled for all three residual overcurrent elements.
The curve shape of the time-overcurrent element is user-selectable. This element is either
non-directional or forward-reaching, as enabled.
Overload Alarm or Protection
The relay demand ammeter feature has a programmable time constant and a settable threshold.
When demand (maximum of the three phases reaches the setpoint, a bit (DCTH in the Relay
Word is set. By programming a mask, this bit may be routed to one of the programmable
outputs for an alarm to initiate tripping, or perform any other desired function. Since the
demand interval (time constant is settable, it may be programmed to match the time constant
of a protected piece of apparatus, e.g., transformer, reactor or line.
Reclosing
A three-shot reclosing relay is provided. Reclosing may be initiated or cancelled for any
conditions recorded in the Relay Word and is accomplished by programming the Reclose
Initiate and Reclose Cancel masks.
GENERAL INFORMATION
Communications functions provide remote and local examination of a wide range of data,
including the voltages and currents presented to the instrument, relay settings, and a history of
the twelve most recent events. Relay settings may be entered and modified remotely. The
relay also allows circuit breaker control via the communications channels. A secure two-level
password access scheme protects settings and circuit breaker control. The ALARM contact
output monitors the relay and may be used to alert personnel of an unauthorized access
attempt.
The SEL-267D relay includes a fault locator which uses fault type, prefault, and fault condi-
tions to provide an accurate estimate of fault location without the need for communications
channels, or special instrument transformers, even during conditions of substantial load flow
and fault resistance. Using a setting you can enable fault locating algorithms best suited for
radial or looped systems.
Date Code 940512 Introduction
SEL-267D/167D Instruction Manual
1-3

The relay generates a detailed event report after every fault. This report includes all data
needed to quantitatively examine the prefault, fault, and postfault voltages and currents.
Parameters such as fault current sensed by the relay, relay response time, and total fault
clearing time can easily be determined. The event report includes the distance to the fault,
fault type, and the state of all relay units during the event. Each event is time-tagged by a
self-contained clock. In addition to the automatic generation of this report for faults, you may
generate a report upon command, or by asserting one of several control inputs to the
instrument. This allows users to trigger the report from other equipment, such as
oscillographic starting units or other relaying systems. The SEL-267D relay retains the
twelve most recent event reports. A user may recall any of these reports on command.
Phasor diagrams of the voltages and currents showing prefault, fault, and postfault conditions
can be constructed from the fault report. This accurate information is useful in verifying
short-circuit and load-flow calculations, verifying transmission line constants, and measuring
voltage and current unbalance. It can also be used to check the input connections for proper
phase-sequence rotation and polarity.
This instrument is designed to provide long-term accuracy and availability. Amplitude-
dependent measurements are made with respect to an internal voltage reference which is stable
and precise. Extensive self testing functions monitor the voltage reference. Long-term phase
stability is guaranteed, since all phase-shifting operations are performed by precise time delays
controlled from a quartz crystal oscillator.
1-4 Introduction
SEL-267D/167D Instruction Manual
Date Code 920326

Date Code 920320 Table of Contents i
SEL-267D/167D Instruction Manual
SPECIFICATIONS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Relay Standards and Input Parameters.................................................................................................. 2-1
Detailed Specifications ......................................................................................................................... 2-3
Hardware Description .......................................................................................................................... 2-5
Signal Processing ................................................................................................................................. 2-6
Inputs and Outputs............................................................................................................................... 2-6
Definition of Logic Variables ........................................................................................................... 2-10
Logic Description............................................................................................................................. 2-11
Intermediate Logic ........................................................................................................................... 2-13
Relay Word ..................................................................................................................................... 2-14
Output Equations ............................................................................................................................. 2-15
Reclosing Relay ............................................................................................................................... 2-17
Targets ............................................................................................................................................ 2-17
Self Tests .................................................................................................................................... 2-18
Setting Procedure ............................................................................................................................. 2-20
Event Report.................................................................................................................................... 2-21
Fault Locator ................................................................................................................................... 2-21
Directional Elements ........................................................................................................................ 2-24
Time-Overcurrent Elements and Curves............................................................................................ 2-25
Time-Overcurrent Curve Equations .................................................................................................. 2-26
Logic Diagrams ............................................................................................................................... 2-31
TABLES
Table 2.2: Input Parameters.............................................................................................................. 2-7
Table 2.3: Relay Outputs.................................................................................................................. 2-9
Table 2.4: Relay Word ................................................................................................................. 2-14
Table 2.5: Relay Word Bit Summary ............................................................................................ 2-15
Table 2.6: Front Panel Target Conditions for Illumination............................................................. 2-17
Table 2.7: Power Supply Self Test Limits..................................................................................... 2-18
Table 2.8: Self Test Summary ...................................................................................................... 2-20
FIGURES
Figure 2.1: Hardware Block Diagram ................................................................................................ 2-5
Figure 2.2: Programmable Trip Logic Diagram.............................................................................. 2-16
Figure 2.3: Time-Overcurrent Element Moderately Inverse Time Characteristic.............................. 2-27
Figure 2.4: Time-Overcurrent Element Inverse Time Characteristic ................................................ 2-28
Figure 2.5: Time-Overcurrent Element Very Inverse Time Characteristic........................................ 2-29
Figure 2.6: Time-Overcurrent Element Extremely Inverse Time Characteristic................................ 2-30
Logic Diagrams ............................................................................................................................... 2-31