Seagate ST38421A - U4 8.4 GB Hard Drive User manual

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U4 Family
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ST32112A, ST34311A
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ST36421A, ST38421A
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Ultra ATA Interface Drives
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Product Manual
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U4 Family
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ST32112A, ST34311A
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ST36421A, ST38421A
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Ultra ATA Interface Drives
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Product Manual
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1999 Seagate Technology, Inc. All rights reserved
Publication Number: SG35116-001, Rev. D, June 1999
Seagate, Seagate Technology, the Seagate logo and U4 are either
trademarks or registered trademarks of Seagate Technology, Inc. Other
product names are registered trademarks or trademarks of their owners.
Seagate reserves the right to change, without notice, product offerings
or specifications. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any
form without written permission from Seagate Technology, Inc.

U4 Family Product Manual, Rev. D iii
Contents
Specification summary table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.0 Drive specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.1 Formatted capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.1.1 Default logical geometry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.2 Physical organization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.3 Recording and interface technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
1.4 Physical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
1.5 Seek time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
1.6 Start/stop times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.7 Power specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.7.1 Power consumption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.7.2 Conducted noise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
1.7.3 Voltage tolerance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
1.7.4 Power-management modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
1.8 Environmental tolerances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
1.8.1 Ambient temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
1.8.2 Temperature gradient . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
1.8.3 Humidity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
1.8.4 Altitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
1.8.5 Shock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
1.8.6 Vibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
1.9 Drive acoustics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
1.10 Electromagnetic susceptibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
1.11 Reliability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
1.12 Agency certification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
1.12.1 Safety certification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
1.12.2 Electromagnetic compatibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
1.12.3 FCC verification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

iv U4 Family Product Manual, Rev. D
2.0 Configuring and mounting the drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2.1 Handling and static-discharge precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2.2 Jumper settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
2.2.1 Master/slave configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
2.2.2 Cable-select option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
2.3 Ultra ATA/66 cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
2.4 Drive mounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
3.0 ATA interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
3.1 ATA interface signals and connector pins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
3.2 ATA Interface commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
3.2.1 Supported ATA commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
3.2.2 Identify Drive command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
3.2.3 Set Features command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
3.2.4 S.M.A.R.T. commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

U4 Family Product Manual, Rev. D v
Figures
Figure 1. Typical startup and operation current profile . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Figure 2. Master/slave jumper settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Figure 3. Mounting dimensions—top, side and end view . . . . . . . . . 20
Figure 4. I/O pins and supported ATA signals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

vi U4 Family Product Manual, Rev. D.

U4 Family Product Manual, Rev. D 1
Introduction
This manual describes the functional, mechanical and interface specifi-
cations for the U4ST38421A, ST36421A, ST34311A and the
ST32112A. These drives provide the following key features:
•Low power consumption
•Quiet operation
•10-5 msec seek time, 5-400-RPM and 256-Kbyte buffer for excellent
desktop performance
•High instantaneous (burst) data-transfer rates (up to 66.6 Mbytes per
second) using Ultra DMA mode 4
•300 Gs nonoperating shock
•Full-track multiple-sector transfer capability without local processor
intervention
•State-of-the-art cache and on-the-fly error-correction algorithms
•MR recording heads and EPRML technology, which provide the drives
with increased areal density
•Support for S.M.A.R.T. drive monitoring and reporting
•Support for Read Multiple and Write Multiple commands
•Support for autodetection of master/slave drives that use cable select
(CSEL)

2 U4 Family Product Manual, Rev. D
Specification summary table
The specifications listed in this table are for quick reference. For details
on specification measurement or definition, see the appropriate section
of this manual.
Drive Specification ST32112A ST34311A ST36421A ST38421A
Guaranteed Mbytes
(×106bytes) 2,160 4,320 6,448 8,440
Guaranteed sectors 4,225,536 8,452,080 12,596,850 16,498,944
Bytes per sector 512
Default sectors per track 63
Default read/write heads 16 15 15 16
Default cylinders 4,192 8,944 13,330 16,368
Physical read/write
heads 1 2 3 4
Discs 1 1 2 2
Recording density
BPI (bits/inch max) 241,000
Track density
TPI (tracks/inch) 13,100
Areal density
(Mbits/inch2 max) 3,179
Spindle speed (RPM) 5,400
Internal data-transfer
rate (Mbits/sec max) 206
I/O data-transfer rate
(Mbytes/sec max) 66.6
ATA data-transfer modes
supported PIO modes 0–4 Multiword DMA modes 0–2
Ultra DMA modes 0–4
Cache buffer (Kbytes) 256
Height (mm max) 26.1
Width (mm max) 102
Length (mm max) 147.0
Weight (typical) 580 grams (1.2 lb)

U4 Family Product Manual, Rev. D 3
Track-to-track seek time
(msec typical) 2.0 (read), 2.75 (write)
Averageseektime(msec
typical) 10.5 (read), 11.5 (write)
Full-stroke seek time
(msec typical) 24.0 (read), 26.0 (write)
Average latency (msec) 5.56 msec
Power-on to ready
(sec typical) 8 sec
Standby to ready
(sec typical) 7 sec
Startup current (typical):
12V (peak) 1.5 amps
Seek power (typical) 7.0 watts
Idle mode (typical) 3.1 watts
Standby mode (typical) 0.8 watts
Sleep mode (typical) 0.8 watts
Voltage tolerance
(including noise) 5V ±5%, 12V ±10%
Ambient temperature 0° to 55°C (op.), –40° to 70°C (nonop.)
Temperature gradient
(°C per hour max) 20°C
Relative humidity
(op. and nonop.) 5% to 90% (op.) 5% to 95% (nonop.)
Relative humidity
gradient 30% per hour max
Wet bulb temperature
(°C max) 29.4 (op.), 40.0 (nonop.)
Altitude, operating –61 m to 3,048 m (–200 ft to 10,000+ ft)
Altitude, nonoperating –122 m to 12,192 m (–400 ft to 40,000+ ft)
Shock (Gs at 2 msec)
operating
nonoperating 63 Gs
300 Gs
Vibration, operating 0.5 Gs (0 to peak, 5–350 Hz)
Drive Specification ST32112A ST34311A ST36421A ST38421A

4 U4 Family Product Manual, Rev. D
Vibration, nonoperating 5 Gs (0 to peak, 5–350 Hz)
Drive acoustics
Sound power
Idle mode
Seek mode 3.3 (typical), 3.7(max)
3.9 (typical), 4.3 (max)
Nonrecoverable read
errors 1 per 1013 bits read
Mean time between
failures (power-on hours) 400,000
Contact start-stop cycles
(25°C, 40% relative
humidity) 50,000
Service life (years) 5
Drive Specification ST32112A ST34311A ST36421A ST38421A

U4 Family Product Manual, Rev. D 5
1.0 Drive specifications
Unless otherwise noted, all specifications are measured under ambient
conditions, at 25°C, and nominal power. For convenience, the phrases
the drive and this drive are used throughout this manual to indicate the
U4 ST38421A, ST36421A, ST34311A and the ST32112A.
1.1 Formatted capacity
1.1.1 Default logical geometry
LBA Mode
When addressing either drive in LBA mode, all blocks (sectors) are
consecutively numbered from 0 to
n–1, where n is the number of
guaranteed sectors as defined above
.
1.2 Physical organization
Drive Model Guaranteed Mbytes
(1 Mbyte = 106bytes) Guaranteed
sectors Bytes per sector
ST38421A 8,440 16,498,944 512
ST36421A 6,448 12,596,850 512
ST34311A 4,320 8,452,080 512
ST32112A 2,160 4,225,536 512
CHS Mode Cylinders Read/Write heads Sectors per track
ST38421A 16,368 16 63
ST36421A 13,330 15 63
ST34311A 8,944 15 63
ST32112A 4,192 16 63
Drive Model Read/Write heads (MR) Number of discs
ST38421A 42
ST36421A 3 2
ST34311A 2 1
ST32112A 1 1

6 U4 Family Product Manual, Rev. D
1.3 Recording and interface technology
1.4 Physical characteristics
1.5 Seek time
Seek measurements are taken with nominal power at 25°C ambient
temperature. All times are measured using drive diagnostics. The spec-
ifications in the table below are defined as follows:
•Track-to-track seek time is an average of all possible single-track
seeks in both directions.
Interface ATA
Recording method 16/17 EPRML
Recording density BPI (bits/inch) 241,000
Track density TPI (tracks/inch) 13,100
Areal density (Mbits/inch2max) 3,179
Spindle speed (RPM) (±0.2%) 5,400
Internal data-transfer rate
(Mbits/sec max) 206
I/O data-transfer rate
(Mbytes /sec max) 16.6 (PIO mode 4) 66.6 (Ultra DMA mode 4)
Interleave 1:1
Cache buffer (Kbytes) 256
Drive Specification ST38421A, ST36421A,
ST34311A, ST32112A
Maximum height (mm)
(inches) 26.1 1.028
Maximum width (mm)
(inches) 101.8 4.020
Maximum length (mm)
(inches) 147.0 5.78
Typical weight (grams)
(pounds) 580 1.2

U4 Family Product Manual, Rev. D 7
•Averageseektimeisatruestatistical randomaverage ofatleast5,000
measurements of seeks between random tracks, less overhead.
•Full-stroke seek time is one-half the time needed to seek from the first
data cylinder to the maximum data cylinder and back to the first data
cylinder. The full-stroke typical value is determined by averaging 100
full-stroke seeks in both directions.
Note. These drives are designed to consistently meet the seek times rep-
resentedin thismanual.Physicalseeks,regardless ofmode(suchas
track-to-trackandaverage)areexpectedtomeetorexceedthenoted
values.However,dueto themannerinwhich thesedrivesareformat-
ted, benchmark tests that include command overhead or measure
logicalseeksmayproduceresults thatvaryfrom thesespecifications.
1.6 Start/stop times
1.7 Power specifications
The drive receives DC power (+5V or +12V) through a four-pin standard
drive power connector.
1.7.1 Power consumption
Power requirements for the drives are listed in the table on page 9.
Typical power measurements are based on an average of drives tested,
under nominal conditions, using 5.0V input voltage at 25°C ambient
temperature.
•Spinup power
Spinup power is measured from the time of power-on to the time that
the drive spindle reaches operating speed.
Typical seek times (msec) Read Write
Track-to-track 2.0 2.75
Average 10.5 11.5
Full-stroke 24.0 26.0
Averagelatency:5.56msec — —
Power-on to Ready (sec) 8 (typical)
Standby to Ready (sec) 7 (typical)
Ready to spindle stop (sec) 10 (typical)

8 U4 Family Product Manual, Rev. D
•Seek Mode
During seek mode, the read/write actuator arm moves toward a
specific position on the disc surface and does not execute a read or
write operation. Servo electronics are active. Seek mode power rep-
resents the worst-case power consumption, using only random seeks
with read or write latency time. This mode is not typical and is provided
for worst-case information.
•Read/Write power and current
Read/write power is measured with the heads on track, based on a
16-sector write followed by a 32-msec delay, then a 16-sector read
followed by a 32-msec delay.
•Operating power and current
Operating power is measured using 40 percent random seeks, 40
percent read/write mode (1 write for each 10 reads) and 20 percent
drive inactive.
•Idle mode power
Idle mode power is measured with the drive up to speed, with servo
electronics active and with the heads in a random track location.
•Standby mode
During Standby mode, the drive accepts commands, but the drive is
not spinning, and the servo and read/write electronics are in power-
down mode.

U4 Family Product Manual, Rev. D 9
1.7.1.1 Typical current profile
Figure 1 shows a typical current profile.
Figure 1. Typical startup and operation current profile
Power Mode Typical Watts
RMS
Typical Amps RMS
5V 12V
Spinup — — 1.5 (peak)
Seek (Random, no
read/write) 7.0 0.39 0.42
Operating 5.7 0.34 0.33
Idle 3.1 0.24 0.16
Standby/Sleep 0.8 0.14 0.01
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
Current (amps)
12345678
Time (seconds)

10 U4 Family Product Manual, Rev. D
1.7.2 Conducted noise
Input noise ripple is measured at the host system power supply across
an equivalent 80-ohm resistive load on the +12 volt line or an equivalent
15-ohm resistive load on the +5 volt line.
•Using 12-volt power, the drive is expected to operate with a maximum
of 120 mV peak-to-peak square-wave injected noise at up to 10 MHz.
•Using 5-volt power the drive is expected to operate with a maximum
of 100 mV peak-to-peak square-wave injected noise at up to 10 MHz.
Note. Equivalent resistance is calculated by dividing the nominal volt-
age by the typical RMS read/write current.
1.7.3 Voltage tolerance
Voltage tolerance (including noise): 5V ± 5% and 12V ± 10%
1.7.4 Power-management modes
The drive provides programmable power management to provide great-
er energy efficiency. In most systems, you can control power manage-
mentthroughthesystemsetupprogram.Thedrivefeaturesthefollowing
power-management modes:
•Active mode
The drive is in Active mode during the read/write and seek operations.
•Idle mode
The buffer remains enabled, and the drive accepts all commands and
returns to Active mode any time disc access is necessary.
•Standby mode
The drive enters Standby mode when the host sends a Standby
Immediate command. If the host has set the standby timer, the drive
can also enter Standby mode automatically after the drive has been
inactive for a specifiable length of time. The standby timer delay is
established using a Standby or Idle command. In Standby mode, the
Power Mode Heads Spindle Buffer
Active Tracking Rotating Enabled
Idle Tracking Rotating Enabled
Standby Parked Stopped Enabled
Sleep Parked Stopped Disabled

U4 Family Product Manual, Rev. D 11
drive buffer is enabled, the heads are parked and the spindle is at rest.
The drive accepts all commands and returns to Active mode any time
disc access is necessary.
•Sleep mode
The drive enters Sleep mode after receiving a Sleep command from
the host. In Sleep mode, the drive buffer is disabled, the heads are
parked and the spindle is at rest. The drive leaves Sleep mode after
it receives a Hard Reset or Soft Reset from the host. After receiving a
reset, the drive exits Sleep mode and enters Active mode with all
current translation parameters intact.
•Idle and Standby timers
Each time the drive performs an Active function (read, write or seek),
the standby timer is reinitialized and begins counting down from its
specified delay times to zero. If the standby timer reaches zero before
any drive activity is required, the drive makes a transition to Standby
mode. InbothIdleandStandby mode, the drive acceptsallcommands
and returns to Active mode when disc access is necessary.
1.8 Environmental tolerances
1.8.1 Ambient temperature
Note. Above 1,000 feet (305 meters), the maximum temperature is
derated linearly to 112°F (44°C) at 10,000 feet (3,048 meters).
Operating ambient temperature is defined as the temperature of
the environment immediately surrounding the drive.
1.8.2 Temperature gradient
1.8.3 Humidity
1.8.3.1 Relative Humidity
Operating 0° to 55°C (32° to 131°F)
Nonoperating –40° to 70°C (–40° to 158°F)
Operating/Nonoperating 20°C/hr (36°F/hour) max, without condensation
Operating 5% to 90% noncondensing (30% per hour max)
Nonoperating 5% to 95% noncondensing (30% per hour max)

12 U4 Family Product Manual, Rev. D
1.8.3.2 Wet bulb temperature
1.8.4 Altitude
1.8.5 Shock
All shock specifications assume that the drive is mounted securely with
the input shock applied at the drive mounting screws. Shock may be
applied in the X, Y or Z axis.
1.8.5.1 Operating shock
These drives comply with the performance levels specified in this docu-
ment when subjected to a maximum operating shock of 63 Gs (based
on half-sine shock pulses of 2 msec. Shocks should not be repeated
more than two times per second.
1.8.5.2 Nonoperating shock
The nonoperating shock level that the drive can experience without
incurring physical damage or degradation in performance when subse-
quently put into operation is 75 Gs (based on a nonrepetitive half-sine
shock pulse of 11 msec duration) or 300 Gs (based on a nonrepetitive
half-sine shock pulse of 2 msec duration).
1.8.6 Vibration
All vibration specifications assume that the drive is mounted securely
with the input vibration applied at the drive mounting screws. Vibration
may be applied in the X, Y or Z axis.
Operating 29.4°C (84°F) max
Nonoperating 40.0°C (104°F) max
Operating –61 m to 3,048 m (–200 ft to 10,000+ ft)
Nonoperating –122 m to 12,192 m (–400 ft to 40,000+ ft)