Sentinel 989 User manual

MAN-037 – October 2017

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
DANGER - IMPORTANT WARNINGS ................................................................................5
SHIELDING ........................................................................................................................................5
NOTICE...............................................................................................................................................6
SECTION I - GENERAL INFORMATION .......................................................................................7
A. General description and application.........................................................................................7
B. System Safety...........................................................................................................................8
C. Model 989 System Components..............................................................................................9
1) Model 989 Radiographic Exposure Device.........................................................................9
2) Model 989 Exposure device pneumatic actuator...............................................................10
3) Radioactive Source Assembly ...........................................................................................11
4) Model 989 – Optional Fixture Kit .....................................................................................12
5) Type A Transport Packages...............................................................................................14
D. Model 989 exposure device specifications ............................................................................14
SECTION II- OPERATIONAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS............................................................16
SECTION III – OPERATIONAL PRINCIPLES..............................................................................17
A. Principles of Operation - Pneumatic actuator and air pump control......................................17
B. Principles of Operation - (crank-out) remote control ............................................................18
C. Principles of Operation - Optional fixture kit........................................................................19
D. Confirmatory Survey .............................................................................................................19
E. Locking the Exposure Device................................................................................................19
F. Safety Precautions..................................................................................................................20
SECTION IV- DAILY INSPECTION INSTRUCTIONS ................................................................21
A. Daily Inspection of the System..............................................................................................21
B. Daily Inspection of the Model 989 Exposure Device............................................................21
C. Daily Inspection of the crank-out remote controls ................................................................22
D. Daily Inspection of the pneumatic actuator and the air pump control...................................24
E. Fixture Kit Component Inspection.........................................................................................26
SECTION V- OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS................................................................................28
A. System Assembly Using the Pneumatic Actuator .................................................................28
B. Operating instructions for the Pneumatic Actuated system...................................................29
C. Disassembly of the Pneumatic Actuated system after use.....................................................30
D. System set-up using crank-out remote controls.....................................................................31
E. Operating instructions using crank-out remote controls........................................................32
F. Disassembly of the system after use - crank-out remote controls .........................................33
G. Emergency Response Procedure............................................................................................34
1) Actions to be Performed ....................................................................................................34
2) Fires, spills and explosions:...............................................................................................34
SECTION VI - TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE.................................................................35
A. Type A Transport Package.....................................................................................................35
B. Receiving Radioactive Material.............................................................................................37
C. General Shipment Requirements ...........................................................................................37
D. Shipment of a Radioactive Source in the Model 989 ............................................................38
E. Shipment of an empty Model 989 exposure device...............................................................41
F. Carriage of Radioactive Material...........................................................................................42
Sample Radioactive material transport checklist.......................................................................45
G. Hand Carrying and Handling of the Exposure Device ..........................................................46

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H. Storage ...................................................................................................................................46
SECTION VII - SOURCE CHANGING...........................................................................................47
SECTION VIII- QUARTERLY AND ANNUAL MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS ..............48
A. Quarterly Maintenance Checks of the 989 device.................................................................49
B. Quarterly Maintenance Requirements – Remote Controls (Crank Out Assemblies)............50
C. Quarterly Inspection of the pneumatic actuator and the air pump control ............................50
D. Model 989 Exposure Device Annual Maintenance Requirements........................................51
E. Annual Maintenance for Standard Remote Controls (e.g. Models 692, 693, 664)................52
F. Annual Maintenance – Extreme Condition Remote Controls ...............................................56
G. Annual Maintenance Records................................................................................................60
H. Model 989 Series Safety Class A Components .....................................................................60
1) Safety Class A Designation Items......................................................................................60
2) Considerations of Safety Class A Items.............................................................................60
SECTION IX - LEAK TESTING......................................................................................................66
SECTION X - INSTRUCTIONS FOR DISPOSITION....................................................................67
SECTION XI – WARRANTY AND LIMITATIONS OF LIABILITY...........................................68
DEFINITIONS AND TERMS...........................................................................................................69

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List of Figures
FIGURE 1–CROSS-SECTION VIEW OF 989 (SOURCE IN STORED POSITION)......................................................................7
FIGURE 2-MODEL 989 WITH OPTIONAL FIXTURE KIT COMPONENTS ................................................................................8
FIGURE 3-KEY ELEMENTS OF THE MODEL 989 EXPOSURE DEVICE.................................................................9
FIGURE 4–989 EXPOSURE DEVICE WITH REMOVABLE LOCKING COVER..........................................................................10
FIGURE 5-EXPOSURE DEVICE WITH PNEUMATIC ACTUATOR ATTACHED AND ACTUATOR ASSEMBLY...............................11
FIGURE 6–EXPLODED VIEW OF MODEL 98940 SOURCE ASSEMBLY.................................................................................11
FIGURE 7- EXPLODED VIEW OF MODEL 98941 SOURCE ASSEMBLY ..................................................................................11
FIGURE 8–TYPICAL PIPE RADIOGRAPHIC SET-UP ...........................................................................................................13
FIGURE 9–FIXTURE KIT USED TO SECURE THE MODEL 989 EXPOSURE DEVICE PARALLEL TO A PIPE ...............................13
FIGURE 10-FIXTURE KIT USED TO SECURE THE MODEL 989 EXPOSURE DEVICE IN A NONPARALLEL POSITION.................13
FIGURE 11 -MODEL ELE072 ACTUATOR ASSEMBLY WITH MODEL 86550 PUMP BOX AND AIR HOSE.............................17
FIGURE 12 -PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION USING PART NUMBER ELE-027 PNEUMATIC ACTUATOR...........18
FIGURE 13 –NOGO GAUGE INSPECTION CHECKS.............................................................................................................24
FIGURE 14 –ELE072 PNEUMATIC ACTUATOR .................................................................................................................25
FIGURE 15 –ELE027 ACTUATOR WITH MANUAL PUSH ROD ATTACHED ........................................................................25
FIGURE 16 –ELE027 WITH PUSH ROD INSERTED TO EXPOSE MALE CONNECTOR ...........................................................25
FIGURE 17 –ELE027 ACTUATOR WITH ROD EXPOSED ....................................................................................................26
FIGURE 18 –MODEL 86550 PUMP BOX CONNECTED TO ELE027 ACTUATOR ASSEMBLY................................................26
FIGURE 19 –MAIN FIXTURE KIT COMPONENTS ...............................................................................................................27
FIGURES 20 A THROUGH C –MODEL 989 WITH PLUNGER LOCK ENGAGED,UNLOCKING PLUNGER LOCK AND WITH PROTECTIVE
COVER REMOVED ....................................................................................................................................................28
FIGURE 21 –CONNECTION OF ELE027 ACTUATOR TO SOURCE CONNECTOR IN MODEL 989...........................................28
FIGURE 22 –989 WITH LOCKSLIDE IN OPEN POSITION AND RETRACTION ROD ATTACHED TO ACTUATOR......................30
FIGURE 23 –989 WITH LOCKSLIDE IN THE SECURED POSITION AND RETRACTION ROD ATTACHED TO ACTUATOR..........30
FIGURE 24 –989 WITH CONTROL ASSEMBLY CONNECTED AND LOCKSLIDE IN SECURED POSITION.................................31
FIGURE 25 –989 WITH LOCKSLIDE IN SECURE/LOCKED POSITION AND CONTROLS ATTACHED.......................................32
FIGURE 26 –989 WITH LOCKSLIDE IN THE UNLOCKED/OPEN POSITION AND CONTROLS ATTACHED...............................32
FIGURE 27 –989 WITH PROTECTIVE COVER REMOVED....................................................................................................33
FIGURE 28 –989 WITH PROTECTIVE COVER INSTALLED AND PLUNGER LOCK ENGAGED ................................................33
FIGURE 29 –98229 TYPE APACKAGE SHOWN WITH AND WITHOUT SHIPMENT OF FIXTURES............................................36
FIGURE 30 –ELE027 ACTUATOR AND TOL012 MANUAL PUSH ROD..............................................................................50
FIGURE 31 –AIR PUMP CONTROL ....................................................................................................................................51
FIGURE 32 –ASSEMBLY MODEL 692, 693........................................................................................................................63
FIGURE 33 –ASSEMBLY EXTREME CONTROLS.................................................................................................................64
FIGURE 34 –ASSEMBLY MODEL 664................................................................................................................................65

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DANGER - IMPORTANT WARNINGS
The system must be operated only by trained and qualified radiographers who have read and understand this Operating
Manual or by trained assistants working under their direct supervision.
WARNING
The use of this radiographic exposure device by unqualified personnel or when safety procedures are not fully met
could result in life-threatening dangers.
Gamma radiography systems emit high levels of highly penetrating radiation during use.
An unshielded radiation source at close range can cause injury, sickness or death to anyone who is exposed to it even for a
short period of time. A radiation source (or an unshielded source assembly) must NOT be touched by the hands under any
circumstances.
Since gamma radiation cannot be detected by the human senses, strict operating and emergency procedures must be followed.
The proper use of calibrated and operable survey meters must be employed to avoid potentially dangerous levels of radiation
exposure.
Proper dosimetry including film badges, thermoluminescent dosimeters, direct reading pocket dosimeters and audible alarm
rate meters must be worn during all radiographic operations.
During use of this radiography system, never assume the position of the radiation source. Always conduct a thorough
confirmatory survey using a calibrated and operable survey meter to verify the location of the radiation source. Be reminded
that a multitude of overexposure incidents which include injuries are directly attributed to a failure of the radiographer to
perform or supervise an adequate confirmatory survey.
It is imperative that the users of this transport container perform adequate radiation surveys of the transport container and
exposure devices. Surveys must be performed using a calibrated survey instrument before, during and after source exchanges
and before transport to determine if the source assembly is properly shielded within the transport container. The failure to
perform an adequate radiation survey can cause unnecessary exposure to personnel resulting in a reportable incident.
It is very important and required by national and international regulations to prevent access by unauthorized persons to
radiographic equipment and to the area where radiography is performed.
Take advantage of the three basic radiation protection methods to minimize radiation exposure:
TIME
Spend less time near the radiation source.
DISTANCE
Increase your distance in a direction away from the radiation source.
SHIELDING
When possible, always apply the use of effective shielding between you and the radiation source.
Do not perform any unauthorized modifications to the Model 989 exposure device or components of the radiography system.
It is important that trained and qualified radiographers perform or supervise a daily safety inspection of the radiography
system for obvious defects prior to operation of the system.
Do not use any components that are not approved for use with the radiography system or after-market components that may
compromise the safety features designed into the system.
MODEL 989

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OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE
INSTRUCTION MANUAL
NOTICE
The Model 989 radiographic exposure device is an ANSI N432 Type 2 and a ISO 3999 Category X
exposure device that allows radiographic exposures by moving the sealed source from a shielded
position to a beam port within the exposure device by using remote actuated controls. The Model 989
exposure device is also part of a Type A shipping package for QSA Global, Inc. sealed sources. The
purpose of this manual is to provide information that will assist qualified radiographers to ensure all
safety and regulatory requirements are met when using the Model 989 gamma radiography system. The
user should become thoroughly familiar with this instruction manual before attempting operation of
the equipment.
Users of this equipment must comply with the regulatory requirements, licensing and transportation
regulations as they apply in their respective countries. This device is intended for use ONLY with a
QSA Global manufactured/approved actuator system or remote controls which meet operational and
safety requirement as outlined in this manual and as approved under a specific license.
In order to use this equipment, users within the USA and Canada must be specifically licensed to do so.
Applications for a license must be filed with the Materials Licensing Section of the appropriate U.S.
Nuclear Regulatory regional office, Agreement State or the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission. It is
the responsibility of users to comply with all local, national and international regulatory licensing and
transportation rules as they apply in their respective countries.
For additional information or assistance regarding use of the Model 989 gamma radiography exposure
device, contact QSA Global, Inc. and/or one of our authorized distributor service centers by contacting:
QSA Global, Inc.
40 North Avenue
Burlington, MA 01803
[phone]
Or
QSA Global, Inc. QSA Global, Inc. Loma – QSA Division
6765 Langley Drive 3200 Awesome Lane U Lomy 1069
Baton Rouge, LA 70809 LaPorte, TX 77571 Dobrany, Czech Republic
[phone] [phone] [phone]

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SECTION I - GENERAL INFORMATION
A. General description and application
The QSA Global, Inc. Model 989 gamma radiography exposure device is used to perform directional beam gamma
radiography of welds and the adjacent heat affected areas on pipelines and industrial structures. The Model 989 is
designed to contain a Selenium-75 special form sealed source with a maximum activity of 20.0 Curies (740 GBq)
and is used on pipelines and other industrial structures as a beam type exposure device. The use of other
radioisotopes in the Model 989 exposure device is not authorized.
During radiographic operations, the source assembly is exposed either by a pneumatic actuator or crank-out remote
controls which push the source assembly from a shielded position into a beam port within the Model 989 (see figure
1). The standard directional beam devices are manufactured with a lead shielded beam port that is collimated to a 30
by 60, or a 40 by 40 degree emergent beam. To terminate a radiographic exposure, the source assembly is retracted
to the fully shielded position by exhausting the pneumatic actuator or by retraction using the mechanical remote
controls.
Figure 1 – Cross-Section View of 989 (Source in Stored Position)
The Model 989 is specifically designed for SCAR and requires radiographers to consider the primary beam area
created at the film plane to determine shielding requirements for the technique. The primary beam is shielded after
passing through the specimen and film cassette to effectively reduce the working distances to the controlled areas.
Proper SCAR technique allows radiography to be conducted in areas congested with personnel and significantly
reduces the distances to the “Controlled” or “Restricted” areas when compared to conventional crank-out
radiography systems. The Model 989 is designed to be used with two options to enable exposure of the radioactive
source; specifically a SentinelTM authorized pneumatic actuator with a remote air pump control or a SentinelTM
manufactured crank-out remote control. There is no elevation in dose rates (commonly referred to as “flash dose”)
when the source is exposed from the shielded position to the beam port position, as expected in ANSI N432 Type I
crank-out type radiography systems.
The basic radiography system consists of the Model 989 exposure device, a pneumatic actuator and remote pump
control and/or the optional crank-out remote controls and shielding materials to shield the primary beam after
passing through the specimen and film cassette. An optional fixture kit is available for use with the Model 989 that
includes a handle assembly and fixture attachment plate that facilitates its handling and attachment to pipes for
performance of radiographic exposures (see Figure 2).

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Figure 2 - Model 989 with optional fixture kit components
Operating the system using crank-out remote controls permits exposure of the sealed source and automatic securing
by cranking approximately 1/3 of a full revolution of the remote control hand crank.
When using the pneumatic actuator and pump control equipped with 15 to 50 foot (4.5 to 15.1 meters) air hoses, the
lock-slide of the exposure device’s automatic locking mechanism is pushed into the expose position and left in that
position until the actuator is removed at the end of the site work. To enable a radiographic exposure, the pneumatic
actuator must overpower a fail-safe return spring that acts to return the sealed source assembly into the fully
shielded position when expose pressure from the pneumatic actuator is stopped. To terminate a radiographic
exposure using the pneumatic actuator, the air supply is turned off and the pneumatic lines and actuator are
exhausted. The return spring forces the sealed source assembly back into the fully shielded position regardless of
the exposure device orientation. Conversely, if the air supply is interrupted during a radiographic exposure, the
sealed source assembly is automatically forced back into a shielded position.
B. System Safety
The Model 989 exposure device contained within an approved transport case that is designed and tested to comply
with the requirements for Type A packaging in accordance with International Atomic Energy Agency Safety
Standard Series No.TS-R-1 (2009 Edition) & SSR-6 (2012) and the applicable USA Regulations contained in the
USNRC 10 CFR 71 and USDOT 49 CFR 173. The Model 989 was designed using the applicable specifications of
ANSI N432-1980 Type I, and ISO 3999:2004(E) Category X radiography device.
The exposure device’s design includes an automatic locking mechanism when used with SentinelTM crank-out
remote controls. The lock slide that secures the sealed source also provides a visual indication of the lock slide’s
secured (green) and unsecured (red) positions.

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Figure 3 - KEY ELEMENTS OF THE MODEL 989 EXPOSURE DEVICE
The Model 989 complies with ISO 3999:2004(E) requirements, except for the following:
•5.4.2: There is no secured position indicator when using pneumatic actuators. Direct radiation
surveys of the device are required to confirm the source is fully shielded.
•5.5.1: There is no device handle provided with the Model 989, however an optional handle assembly can
be obtained from QSA Global, Inc. When used without this optional handle assembly, the Model
989 does not fully comply with ISO 3999.
•5.8.6: Pneumatic actuation mode; damage to the air hose will cause loss of air pressure causing
the source assembly to be returned to the shielded position.
•8: The source identification tag including activity in Ci’s and Becquerels. (Curies are
provided). The Model 989 exposure device label provides the maximum capacity for
Se-75 in Curies and Becquerels.
Partial compliance with the requirements in ISO 3999:2004(E) is allowed for this device since it is classified as
Category X.
C. Model 989 System Components
1) Model 989 Radiographic Exposure Device
The Exposure device with it’s key-lockable protective cover (see Figure 2) and reusable shipping case serves as
the storage and transport package for the radioactive source. The exposure device consists of a stainless steel
housing which contains a tungsten shield. When the source is in the proper shielded storage position in the
exposure device, the shielding properties of the tungsten reduce radiation intensities on the surface of the Model
989 to measurable radiation levels within the regulatory limits. The key-lockable Model 989 exposure device
placed within the lockable shipping case constitutes the Type A transport package.

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Figure 4 – 989 Exposure Device with removable locking cover
The radioactive source assembly attaches to the pneumatic actuator, or remote control safety plug assembly, at
the rear of device. Once the selector ring on the exposure device is rotated from the “connect” to the “operate”
position, the automatic lock mechanism’s lock-slide must be pushed laterally into the lock mechanism to enable
exposure of the source assembly. The radiographic exposure occurs when the pneumatic actuator or remote
controls expose the source assembly forward within the Model 989 (approximately 3.0 inches, 7.6 mm) from
the shielded position into the beam port position within the Model 989 exposure device.
In the exposed position, the emergent beam will be restricted to the assigned angles as manufactured. The
Model 989 is designed to be used with tungsten or lead collimator configurations. In Canada, collimation is
limited to lead collimation with emergent beams of 30 X 60 degrees or 40 X 40 degrees. The lead or tungsten
collimation must be installed by SentinelTM -QSA Global, Inc. or one of its authorized distributor service
centers. A cross-sectional view of a Model 989 with a 40 X 40 degree collimated beam port is shown as a
reference in Figure 3.
2) Model 989 Exposure device pneumatic actuator
All users of this exposure device are responsible to ensure using only a SentinelTM authorized pneumatic
actuator (part number ELE 027) and SentinelTM authorized air pump controls when performing radiographic
operations. This requirement is critical to maintain the designed safety during use the exposure device. DO
NOT perform modifications to the exposure device, the pneumatic actuator or the air pump control.
Modifications are not permitted by regulatory requirements in addition the increased probability of causing a
radiological emergency.
Figure 5 shows the SentinelTM authorized pneumatic actuator, which can be used with the Model 989 exposure
device.