Sferalabs SPMB21X User manual

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Strato Pi Base User Guide
August 2019
Revision 015
SPBB21X Strato Pi Base board
SPMB21X Strato Pi Base server with Raspberry Pi 3 Model B
SPMB21XP Strato Pi Base server with Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+
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Safety information 4
Qualified personnel 4
Hazard levels 4
Safety instructions 5
General safety instructions 5
Battery 5
Introduction 7
Features 8
Usage and connections 9
Hardware Installation 9
Strato Pi Base board 9
Strato Pi Base server 10
Replacing the RTC backup battery 10
Terminal block 12
Power supply 12
Dedicated GPIO pins 13
Software installation and configuration 14
Installing the Strato Pi utility on Raspbian 14
Installing the Real Time Clock software 14
Testing the Real Time Clock 15
Disabling Bluetooth, WiFi and the serial console 16
Using Strato Pi Base 17
Real Time Clock 17
Serial port 17
Buzzer 18
Hardware watchdog 19
Power cycle 19
Block diagram 20
Technical specifications 21
Dimensions 23
Disposal 24
Installation and use restrictions 24
Standards and regulations 24
Safety instructions 24
Set-up 24
Conformity Information 25
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EU 25
USA 25
CANADA 25
AUSTRALIA / NEW ZEALAND 26
Compliance information for Raspberry Pi 3 Model B 26
EU 26
USA 26
CANADA 26
Compliance information for Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ 26
EU 27
USA 27
CANADA 27
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Be sure to always remove the power supply before connecting or
disconnecting the Strato Pi Base board to Raspberry Pi.
Follow all applicable electrical safety standards, guidelines,
specifications and regulations for installation, wiring and operations of
Strato Pi Base.
Carefully and fully read this Strato Pi Base user guide before
installation.
Strato Pi Base is not authorised for use in safety-critical applications where a failure of the
product would reasonably be expected to cause personal injury or death. Safety-critical
applications include, without limitation, life support devices and systems, equipment or
systems for the operation of nuclear facilities and weapons systems. Strato is neither
designed nor intended for use in critical military or aerospace applications or environments
and for automotive applications or environment. Customer acknowledges and agrees that
any such use of Strato Pi Base is solely at Customer's risk, and that Customer is solely
responsible for compliance with all legal and regulatory requirements in connection with
such use.
Sfera Labs S.r.l. may make changes to specifications and product descriptions at any time,
without notice. The product information on the web site or materials is subject to change
without notice.
Please download and read the Sfera Labs Terms and Conditions document available at:
http://www.sferalabs.cc
Strato and Sfera Labs are trademarks of Sfera Labs S.r.l. Other brands and names may be
claimed as the property of others.
#
Copyright © 2015-2019 Sfera Labs S.r.l. All rights reserved.
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Safety information
Carefully and fully read this user guide before installation and retain it for future reference.
Qualified personnel
The product described in this manual must be operated only by personnel qualified for the
specific task and installation environment, in accordance with all relevant documentation
and safety instructions. A qualified person should be capable of fully identifying all
installation and operation risks and avoid potential hazards when working with this product.
Hazard levels
This manual contains information you must observe to ensure your personal safety and
prevent damage to property. Safety information in this manual are highlighted by the safety
symbols below, graded according to the degree of danger.
Indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, will result in death or serious
personal injury.
Indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, may result in death or serious
personal injury.
Indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, can result in minor or moderate
personal injury.
Indicates a situation which, if not avoided, can result in damage of property.
DANGER
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WARNING
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CAUTION
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NOTICE
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Safety instructions
General safety instructions
Protect the unit against moisture, dirt and any kind of damage during transport, storage
and operation. Do not operate the unit outside the specified technical data.
Never open the housing. If not otherwise specified, install in closed housing (e.g.
distribution cabinet). Earth the unit at the terminals provided, if existing, for this purpose.
Do not obstruct cooling of the unit. Keep out of the reach of children.
Life threatening voltages are present within and around an open control cabinet.
When installing this product in a control cabinet or any other areas where dangerous
voltages are present, always switch off the power supply to the cabinet or equipment.
Risk of fire if not installed and operated properly.
Follow all applicable electrical safety standards, guidelines, specifications and regulations
for installation, wiring and operations of this product.
The Raspberry Pi board could generate a substantial amount of heat when the software
forces the CPU and/or GPU to operate at high load levels. Ensure that the product is
properly installed and ventilated to prevent overheat.
The connection of expansion devices to this product may damage the product and other
connected systems, and may violate safety rules and regulations regarding radio
interference and electromagnetic compatibility.
Use only appropriate tools when installing this product. Using excessive force with tools
may damage the product, alter its characteristics or degrade its safety.
Battery
This product uses a small lithium non-rechargeable battery to power its internal real time
clock (RTC).
WARNING
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WARNING
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NOTICE
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Improper handling of lithium batteries can result in an explosion of the batteries and/or
release of harmful substances.
Worn-out or defective batteries can compromise the function of this product.
Replace the RTC lithium battery before it is completely discharged. The lithium battery
must be replaced only with an identical battery. See the "Replacing the RTC backup
battery" section for instructions.
Do not throw lithium batteries into fire, do not solder on the cell body, do not recharge, do
not open, do not short-circuit, do not reverse polarity, do not heat above 100°C and protect
from direct sunlight, moisture and condensation.
Dispose of used batteries according to local regulations and the battery manufacturer's
instructions.#
WARNING
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Introduction
Strato Pi Base enhances the Raspberry Pi Model B version 2 and 3 computers with
several hardware features to make it suitable for use in professional applications where
reliability and service continuity are key requirements.
Strato Pi Base is available as a bare board or fully assembled unit including a Raspberry
Pi 3 Model B or B+ in a standard DIN-rail case.
The information contained in this manual covers all versions, except where explicitly stated
otherwise. The bare board is called “Strato Pi Base board”, while the assembled unit is
“Strato Pi Base server”.
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Features
Strato Pi Base board and server:
✓9-28Vdc power supply, with surge and reverse polarity protection, and 1.1A resettable
fuse
✓up to 3.1A max current to the 5V Raspberry Pi power supply input pins (at 24Vdc)
✓real time clock with replaceable CR1025 Lithium / Manganese Dioxide back-up battery
✓standard RS-232 and RS-485 interfaces to the Raspberry Pi serial line, with opto-
isolator and electrostatic discharge protection.
✓on-board buzzer, connected to a GPIO pin of the Raspberry Pi board, for acoustic
feedback
✓hardware watchdog implemented in the Strato Pi board, fully independent from the
Raspberry Pi, controlled via the GPIO pins of the Raspberry Pi board
✓on-board LEDs for power supply and serial line activity
✓power supply and serial connections on a screw terminal block
Strato Pi Base server only:
✓pre-assembled and tested Raspberry Pi 3 Model B or B+ with Strato Pi board in a
standard 4 modules DIN rail case
✓side access to HDMI and 3.5mm jack for audio and composite video
✓access to all USB ports and Ethernet port (opposite to the power and serial terminal
block)
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Usage and connections
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STRATO PI BASE CONNECTION DIAGRAM
Hardware Installation
Strato Pi Base board
The Strato Pi Base board is supplied with all connectors pre-installed. No soldering is
required. You should connect Strato Pi to Raspberry Pi through the GPIO connector. Use
appropriate turrets/spacers to firmly bolt the two boards together, ensuring that no
conductive part of one board touches any part of the other board.
Be particularly careful to ensure there is enough clearance between the Ethernet and USB
connectors and the bottom of Strato Pi’s circuit board.
The GPIO connector of the Strato Pi Base board must be perfectly aligned to the
Raspberry Pi's GPIO pins. Turning on the Raspberry Pi and/or the Strato Pi Base board
with the GPIO not correctly connected will damage both the Raspberry Pi and Strato Pi
Base.
NOTICE
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Strato Pi Base server
The Strato Pi Base server comes pre-assembled with a Raspberry Pi 3 Model B or B+
board, in a plastic standard DIN-rail case.
There is no need to open the case, unless a change in the RS-485 termination resistors is
required (see below).
The Micro SD card (not provided) can be inserted through a small opening on the side of
the case. Use a small pen or paper clip to gently push the card in its slot.
Replacing the RTC backup battery
Strato Pi Base has a hardware real time clock with a dedicated long-life non-rechargeable
back-up battery.
Strato Pi Base is shipped with a CR1025 Lithium / Manganese Dioxide (Li/MnO2) battery
installed.
The battery is only used to power the RTC chip when the main power is not available
(when the Raspberry Pi is off). Depending on operating conditions it should last up to two
years if the Strato Pi board is not powered, more if the Strato Pi Base receives external
power.
Improper handling of lithium batteries can result in an explosion of the batteries and/or
release of harmful substances.
Worn-out or defective batteries can compromise the function of this product.
KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN. Swallowing may lead to serious injury or death in
as little as 2 hours due to chemical burns and potential perforation of the esophagus.
Immediately see doctor.
Replace the RTC lithium battery before it is completely discharged. Replace the battery
every 5 years even if the battery is still working properly. The lithium battery must be
replaced only with an identical CR1025 Lithium / Manganese Dioxide (Li/MnO2) battery.
Do not throw lithium batteries into fire, do not solder on the cell body, do not recharge, do
not open, do not short-circuit, do not reverse polarity, do not heat above 100°C and protect
from direct sunlight, moisture and condensation.
Dispose of used batteries according to local regulations and the battery manufacturer's
instructions.
The RTC backup battery holder is soldered to the bottom layer of the circuit board,
between the GPIO connectors. In the Strato Pi Base server, the battery is not accessible
from the outside. You should first remove the case top body to gain access to the Strato Pi
Base circuit board.
WARNING
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Before opening the Strato Pi Base case, disconnect all power sources and any connection
to external devices, including USB cables.
Use a non-conductive pin or small tool to help extract the battery from its holder. Insert the
new battery with a gentle push. You don't need tools to insert the battery. The battery is
held into place by a spring contact.
Be sure to insert the battery so that the positive (+) terminal of the battery is in contact with
the outer body of the battery holder, and the negative (-) terminal is in contact with the
contact pad of the circuit board, as shown in the photo below.
Reversing the battery polarity may damage the product.
The real time clock will reset its time immediately when the RTC backup battery is
disconnected.
Follow these steps, in the exact order, to open the case and replace the battery:
1. Remove the microSD card (the card will be damaged if you open the case with the
card still inserted)
2. Remove the black plastic DIN rail hook
3. With a small flat screwdriver gently separate the bottom case and boards assembly
from the top cover
4. Use a non-conductive pin or small tool to help extract the battery from its holder
5. Insert the new battery with a gentle push. Respect the battery polarity
6. Replace the case bottom applying a gentle pressure on the corners
7. Replace the black plastic DIN rail hook
8. Insert the microSD card.
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RTC BACKUP BATTERY
NOTICE
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Terminal block
Strato Pi Base has a 9 positions terminal block for power and serial connections.
The maximum conductor cross section is 1.5 mm2(16 AWG), or 0.5 mm2when using
ferrules (highly recommended). Recommended stripping length is 5 mm. Screw thread is
M2. Never exceed 0.25 Nm torque when tightening the screws.
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THE STRATO PI BASE CIRCUIT BOARD
Power supply
Strato Pi Base can be powered with DC voltage only:
✓DC: nominal voltage range 8.1V to 28.0V.
Respect the correct polarity shown in the schematic diagram (+ -). The power supply
circuit implements reverse polarity protection using an auto resetting fuse and surge
protection up to ±1000V/2ohms 1.2/50μs.
A blue on-board LED, also visible through the front panel of the DIN-rail case, is lit when
power supply is available.
When a Strato Pi Base board is used, never connect the Raspberry Pi micro-USB power
plug.
The Strato Pi Base power supply stage is optimised to deliver up to 3A at 5V to the
Raspberry Pi. Because Strato Pi has a 1.1A resettable fuse (polyfuse) on the power supply
line, the maximum current that its regulator can deliver is also limited by this fuse, and
depends on the input voltage. The following table lists the typical measured output current
of the power supply stage at different input voltages and the corresponding input current.
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STRATO PI BASE POWER SUPPLY STAGE TYPICAL IN/OUT VOLTAGE AND CURRENT
Dedicated GPIO pins
Strato Pi uses some of the Raspberry Pi’s GPIO pins. These pins should not be used for
other functions.
GPIO pin
Direction
Description
GPIO2/SDA
I2C SDA line for the real time clock
GPIO3/SCL
I2C SCL line for the real time clock
GPIO14/TXD
out
serial TX line
GPIO15/RXD
in
serial RX line
GPIO5
out
cycle high/low for watchdog heartbeat
GPIO6
out
set to high to enable the watchdog
GPIO12
in
high on watchdog timeout
GPIO16
out
set to high to enable the shutdown cycle
GPIO20
out
set to high to sound the buzzer
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Software installation and configuration
All features of Strato Pi Base, except the real time clock, are controlled via dedicated
GPIO pins and can be used with any operating system and programming language that
supports the GPIO pins control on Raspberry Pi. The real time clock is interfaced via the
I2C serial bus.
The following software installation notes are based on the Raspbian Jessie operating
system.
Installing the Strato Pi utility on Raspbian
The Strato Pi utility is a simple command-line script to control Strato Pi’s buzzer and
watchdog functions.
Run the following commands to download and install the Strato Pi utility:
$ cd /usr/local/bin
$ sudo wget http://sferalabs.cc/files/strato/strato
$ sudo chmod 755 strato
You can run the Strato Pi utility without arguments to print its options:
$ strato
Usage: strato beep on|off|length_millis|length_millis pause_millis repeats
stratowatchdogenable|disable|heartbeat|timeout
stratoshutdown
stratobattery
All commands should be run as superuser, so always use sudo to run strato.
Installing the Real Time Clock software
The RTC is based on the Microchip MCP79410 module and is connected to the Raspberry
Pi via its I2C serial bus.
Before downloading the installation utility, you should enable I2C and install the “i2c-tools”
package.
To enable I2C, run the “raspi-config” configuration utility:
$ sudo raspi-config
Then go to “Advanced Options”, “I2C” and select “yes” to enable the I2C interface, then
reboot your Raspberry Pi.
To install the “i2c-tools” package:
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install i2c-tools
With these prerequisite installs completed, you should download and run Strato Pi’s
installation script:
$ cd
$ wget http://sferalabs.cc/files/strato/rtc-install
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$ chmod 755 rtc-install
$ sudo ./rtc-install
If the script completes with no errors, delete the installation script and reboot:
$ rm rtc-install
$ sudo reboot
Testing the Real Time Clock
Assuming you are connected to the Internet and your Pi was able to reach a public NTP
(Network Time Protocol) server, you should see the current date and time using the “date”
command:
$ date
Thu Dec 10 18:02:32 CET 2015
Also check the date and time stored in the hardware clock:
$ sudo hwclock -r
Thu 10 Dec 2015 06:03:01 PM CET -0.546570 seconds
If the returned date and time is not correct, or “hwclock” returns an error, use the “-w”
option to set the hardware clock to the current time:
$ sudo hwclock -w
Then recheck the time stored in the hardware clock to ensure it matches. Linux may have
failed to automatically update the hardware clock after the last reboot if its internal
registers contained invalid values.
If the RTC still doesn’t work, you should check if the Pi sees the RTC chip on the I2C bus.
Run these two commands:
$ sudo modprobe -r rtc_ds1307
$ sudo i2cdetect 1
WARNING! This program can confuse your I2C bus, cause data loss and worse!
I will probe file /dev/i2c-1.
I will probe address range 0x03-0x77.
Continue? [Y/n]
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a b c d e f
00: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
10: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
20: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
30: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
40: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
50: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 57 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
60: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 6f
70: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- —
You should see “6f” in the address list. This is the address of the RTC.
If the RTC address is detected, double check your software installation for issues at the
Linux modules level.
Run the “lsmod” command to list the loaded modules and check that “i2c_dev” and
“i2c_bcm2708” are both listed.
If the RTC address is not detected, the cause could be a hardware problem, on the Strato
board or the Raspberry Pi. If you have another Pi or Strato board, try swapping them to
isolate the faulty board.
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Disabling Bluetooth, WiFi and the serial console
On Raspberry Pi 3, the main UART is used for Bluetooth, and the TX/RX pins on the GPIO
connector are controlled by a limited function Mini UART.
To route the main UART to the RX/TX pins that are connected to the Strato Pi serial ports
you should disable Bluetooth. Edit /boot/config.txt and add these lines at the end of the file:
# Disable Bluetooth
dtoverlay=pi3-disable-bt
You may also run the following command to disable the Bluetooth HCI UART driver:
sudo systemctl disable hciuart
If you need to disable the WiFi, one convenient solution on Raspbian distributions is to
blacklist the WiFi driver. Edit /etc/modprobe.d/raspi-blacklist.conf and add these lines at
the end of the file:
# Disable WiFi
blacklist brcmfmac
blacklist brcmutil
Note that Bluetooth must be disabled to ensure proper operation of Strato Pi’s serial ports.
If you are using Strato Pi’s serial ports for your applications, you also need to disable the
Linux serial console, otherwise it will send console data to the serial port.
Disable the ttyAMA0 console service:
sudo systemctl disable [email protected]
Edit the /boot/cmdline.txt file and delete the serial console configuration:
console=serial0,115200
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Using Strato Pi Base
Real Time Clock
Strato Pi Base has a hardware real time clock with a dedicated long-life non-rechargeable
back-up battery.
Once the RTC modules and configuration files are properly installed, you will simply use
the date and time commands to control the hardware clock.
Serial port
Strato Pi Base uses the Raspberry Pi standard UART TX/RX pins on the GPIO connector
to implement a standard serial port with support for both RS-232 and RS-485.
Simply connect the RS-232 RX, TX and GND lines to the RS-232 posts of the Strato Pi
terminal block or the RS-485 A, B and GND to the RS-485 posts of the terminal block.
Never connect both RS-232 and RS-485 lines to Strato Pi. Strato implements a single
serial port, not two.
Both interfaces are isolated from the Raspberry Pi’s serial lines using dedicated opto-
couplers and from the main power supply with a high-efficiency DC-DC converter. This
configuration should prevent ground loops between devices connected through the serial
lines.
The RS-485 TX/RX switching is implemented automatically in the Strato Pi’s micro-
controller, based on speed and number of bits detection, and is completely transparent to
the software controlling the UART on Raspberry Pi.
The RS-485 line has 620 Ohm pull-up and pull-down resistors on lines A and B. The
biasing resistors ensure that, during idle periods the data lines are kept at a stable voltage
level and prevent false triggering of receiver input. These resistors can be disabled by
removing jumpers JP1 and JP3 respectively.
A 100 Ohm termination resistor between A and B can be enabled installing jumper JP2.
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RS-485 JUMPERS SCHEMATIC
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RS-485 JUMPERS POSITION
Buzzer
Strato Pi Base has an on-board buzzer that can be controlled using GPIO20. Simply set
GPIO20 to high to emit a continuous sound, and back to low to stop. The buzzer is not
intended to emit sound indefinitely and could be damaged doing so.
The Strato Pi utility has several commands to control the buzzer.
Buzzer on continuously:
$ sudo strato beep on
Buzzer off:
$ sudo strato beep off
Buzzer on for 500 milliseconds:
$ sudo strato beep 500
Buzzer on for 500 milliseconds, followed by 100 milliseconds pause, repeated three times:
$ sudo strato beep 500 100 3
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Hardware watchdog
Strato Pi Base implements a dedicated hardware watchdog circuit that can be used to
perform a full power cycle of the Raspberry Pi.
Being controlled by Raspberry Pi’s GPIO pins, it is extremely easy to control watchdog
operation using simple custom scripts in your application.
The watchdog is normally disabled. To enable it, set GPIO6 pin to high. While GPIO6 is
high, the Strato Pi controller will watch for state changes of the GPIO5 heartbeat pin. You
should ensure that GPIO5 flips its state between high and low faster than every 60
seconds.
If the Strato Pi Base controller doesn’t see GPIO5 changing state for more than 60
seconds, it will initiate a shutdown procedure, rising the GPIO12 timeout pin to high, to
signal that a watchdog timeout has occurred.
If possible, you should immediately initiate a software shutdown on Raspberry Pi, and set
the GPIO16 shutdown pin to high. When GPIO16 is set to high or 60 seconds after the
timeout, Strato Pi will wait 60 seconds more, then power cycle the Raspberry Pi.
Note that Strato Pi Base will power cycle the Raspberry Pi even if GPIO16 is not set high.
In this case the power cycles occurs 120 seconds after the heartbeat timeout.
The Strato Pi utility can be used to control the watchdog from your own application.
Enable the watchdog:
$ sudo strato watchdog enable
Disable the watchdog:
$ sudo strato watchdog disable
Send the heartbeat:
$ sudo strato watchdog heartbeat
Print “1” if the watchdog timeout is expired, “0” if not:
$ sudo strato watchdog timeout; echo $?
Power cycle
You can start a delayed power cycle by rising Raspberry Pi’s GPIO16 pin for at least one
second.
When GPIO16 is set to high, Strato Pi Base will wait 60 seconds and then power off the Pi
board for 5 seconds.
To initiate a delayed power off cycle:
$ sudo strato shutdown
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