SoundCraft Series 200 User manual

-USER MANUAL-

SERIES200UserManual
Issue1
1stJune1983

INTRODUCTION07
THE INPUT MODULE09
THEMASTERSECTION13
8-TRACK RECORDING:
OPERATION17
PLUGGING-UP 21
SUMMARYOFCONNECTORSUSED25
WIRING26
INTERFACELEVELS29
FUSERATINGS31
POWERSUPPLY31
GLOSSARYOFTERMS32

INTRODUCTION
ThisUserManualisdesignedtobeofvaluebothtotheoperatorand
thetechnician.Fortheoperatorthereareflowdiagramsandline
drawingsandsuggestionsforhowtoworkandplug-uptheconsole,
aswellasa detaileddescriptionofallthefunctionsandsockets.For
thetechniciantherearecircuitdiagrams,descriptionsof
modificationsfordifferentoperatinglevelsand(foranyonewitha
Series200,)generalwiringpracticesuggestions.
Belowisa briefdescriptionofthemainpoints,andthenthereare
separatesectionsforthemainareasasdetailedintheindex.
BriefDescription
TheSoundcraftSeries200Consolemaybeusedfor2,4,& 8 track
recording, andforpublicaddressormonitorapplications.The
consolehas4 mainbuses,4 auxiliaryoutputs,dedicatedmixoutputs
(left& right)andfullmonitoringfacilitiesfor8 tracks.Themonitor
sectionmayalsobeusedforeffectsreturnsduring mixdown. All
inputsareelectronicallybalancedtoensureverylownoise.
Theuseofelectronicbalancingreducesthedegradationofsignal
qualitywhichisintroducedbymoreconventionaltransformer
coupleddesigns,ensuringsuperiortransientresponse,minimal
phaseshiftandexcellentcommonmoderejectionevenathigh
frequencies.
Themainoutputsare"GroundCompensated"tominimisehumor
interferenceindifferingenvironments,whereearthingrulesetc.may
notalwayshavebeenadheredto.
TheMicrophoneinputimpedanceisgreaterthan2Kohms,whichwill
notcauseanyloadingeffectsonnormallyusedstudiomicrophones.
Thehighlevellineinputhasaninputimpedanceofgreaterthan10K
ohms, whichishighenoughtoensurethatitwillinterfacewithall
normalstudioperipheralequipmentwithoutcausingloadingeffects.
Meteringisvia4 VUsreadinggroupoutputs1-4.Meters3 and4 are
switchableasa pairtoreadthemonitorsource.Thismaybeeither
thestereomixbus,2-trackreturnoranyPFLorAFLsignal.
Thepowersupplyisanexternalunitsupplyingtheconsolewith 17
voltspositiveandnegativerails,anda +48voltrailforphantom
powerofmicrophones.

® THEINPUTMODULE
InputSection
Theinputtothismodulemaybefromoneoftwosocketsontherear
panel: a balanced Mic input,ora balancedLinelevelinput.The
selectionisdonewiththeswitch LI.
When LI isUP,theinputisMIC.
When LI isDOWN,theinputisLINE.
INPUT GAINisusedtoensurethatthesource,whetherMicorLine
sufficiently"drives"themodule.Ifthesourcesignalistoo high,
causingdistortion,thelevelmaybeattenuatedtomatchtheworking
levelofthemodule.Ifthesourcesignalistoolow,itmaybeboosted
toreachtheworkinglevelofthemodule.
Toachievetheoptimumworkinglevelforthemodule,andforthe
console,firstsetthefader(s)andtherelevantgroupfadertounity
gain, andthenadjusttheInputgain(s)sothatyouaresending
sufficientleveltotapeforoptimumsignaltonoise,without
introducingdistortion.
Sometimes,whenusingtheMicinput,theattenuationobtainedwith
InputGainofhighsourcelevels,suchasfromhighoutputcapacitor
microphones,isnotenough.A PADbuttonisprovidedwhich
introducesa further20dBofattenuationintotheMicpathonly.
TheEqualiser
Theequaliseravailableoneachmoduleisoffourband,fixed
frequencydesign.Therearefourcontrols,eachwithanOFFdetent
toalloweasyzeroing.
HFProvides 15dB ofboostorcutat 12Khz. Thecontrolhasa
shelvingaction,whichmeansthatitalsobooststhe
frequenciesaboveit.
HIMIDProvides 15dB ofboostorcutat5Khz.Thecontrolhasa
peakaction,whichmeansthatitonlyboostsa tightbandof
frequenciesaround5Khz.Theresponsecurvelookslikea
bell.
LOMIDProvides15dBofboostorcutat250Hz.Thecontrolalsohas
apeakaction.
LF Provides15dBofboostorcutat60Hz.Thecontrolhasa
shelvingactionwhichbooststhefrequenciesbelow60Hzas
well.
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© AuxiliarySends
Eachmodulemaysendtoeachofthe4 auxiliarybuses,thelevelto
eachbusbeingcontrolledbycontrolsAUX1,2,3 and4.
Thesendstoauxiliarybuses1 and2 aretakenbeforethefader
(PRE)butwouldbeCUTifthemodulewasturnedOFFbythe
On/Offswitch.
Thesendstobuses3 and4 aretakenafterthefaderandafterthe
On/Offswitch(POST),sothatifyoupullthefaderdown,thelevelto
youreffectwillalsogodown.WithPREsends1 and2 thelevelto
youreffectiscontrolledsolelybyAUX1 and2,andisnotaffected
bythefader.
LevelControlandRouting
Theoveralllevelofthemoduleiscontrolledbythelongthrowfader
andisroutedviathePanpottoEITHERgroups1 and2,ORgroups
3and4.Tosendtogroup1 only,forinstance,youwouldhardpan
leftandleavetheroutingbuttonup.
Groups1 and3 correspondtotheleftsideofthepanpot,and
groups2 and4 correspondtotherightside.Ifthepanpotiskeptat
itscentredetent,anequalamountofsignalwillbefedtobothsides;
ie. ifgroups1 and2 areselected,anequalamountwillbesentto
each.
Theroutingbuttonroutestogroups1 and2 whenitisUP,andto3
and4 whenitisDOWN.
PFLandON
TheONbutton,whenpressedDOWN,lightsthegreenLedand
switchesthemoduleon.WhenthebuttonisUP,thesignalpathis
CUTafterthereturnfrominsertpoint,butbeforethefader.ThePFL
functionisunaffected.
ThePFLbutton,whenDOWN,soloesthesignalfromthatmoduleon
themonitor(headphoneoutput),alongwithanyothermoduleswhich
havetheirPFLbuttondown.A redmastersoloLedwilllight
whenevera PFLisselected,andthePFLsignalistakenafterthe
insertreturn,butBEFOREtheONswitch.
Peak
ApeakLedwilllightshouldthesignalinthemoduleexceed
+ 16dBm. Thisisatleast4dBBELOWclipping.Thepeakdetector
readsthelevelBEFOREtheinsertsend.

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MASTERSECTION
TheMasterSectioncontains:-
Full 8-channel monitoring.
4meters.
4auxiliarymasterlevelcontrols.
4groupmastertaders.
Masterstereotaders;leftandright.
Slate 1Khz oscillator.
Masterphoneslevel,andreplayselect.
SUBandRETfacilities.
SoloLed.
TheVUMeters
These4 VUmetersusuallymonitortheoutputsfromthe4 main
groups.PressingtheselectbuttonDOWNchangesthefunctionof
thepairofmeters3 and4.Thesewillnowmonitorwhatisgoingto
theheadphones;Thismaybethemainmixbusorthereturnfrom
yourmastermachine.3 readstheleftsignal,and4 readstheright
signal.
If a PFLorAFLhasbeenpressedthenthemeterswillmonitorthe
PFL/AFLbuseswhichfeedtheheadphoneswhenoneormore
PFL/AFLbuttonispressed.
TheAuxiliaryMasters
Eachofthe4 auxiliarybuseshasitsownmasterlevelcontroland
solofacility.ThesoloisAFL(afterfadelisten)andworksinthe
samewayasthePFLsystem.
PhonesLevelandREP
TheleveltotheheadphonesocketiscontrolledbythePHONES
LEVELpot.Thephonesareusuallyfedfromthemainmixbusesleft
andright,butmaybefedwiththeoutputofyour mixdown master
machinebypressingREP.Theheadphonesocketexpectstosee
headphonesof200-400ohms,butwilldrive8 ohmonesifrequired.
1 KhzSLATE
Whenthisbuttonispresseda 1 Khztoneisfedsimultaneouslytothe
4groupoutputsandthemixoutputsleftandright,forline-upetc.
13

MASTERSECTION
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8TRACKMONITORING
Controls 5,6,7,and8 are dedicatedtapereturnmonitors; ie. They
onlymonitor the output of tracks 5, 6, 7,and8 ofthe multitrack.
Eachtrack hasa separatelevelcontrol andpanpottothemix
busesleft and right(which is heard inthe phones,) a send to
auxiliary bus number 1,anda PFL facility.
Sincethesecontrolsaccess themixbus, during mixdown they may
beused to provideextrainputs to your mix. (Since the multitrack
returnswillprobably befedto inputmodules - see operation)
Controls 1,2,3,and4 serve the function of dedicatedtapereturns
fortracks 1,2,3,and4 whentheirrespective RET buttons are
pressed. However,when theRET buttons areNOT down,each
controlmonitors the groupoutputbelow it;ie. what is leaving the
console, not what is returningfrom the multitrack. The facilities are
thesame,except fortheSUB buttons.
When a SUB button is pressedDOWN, the groupfaderbelow
overides the rotarycontrol and accesses themixbusviathepanpot.
Whenmixingdown you willneed to route the inputmodules to,say1
and 2 , and thenpress theSUB buttonsabovegroups 1 and2 so that
theyfeed the main mix buses, and consequently the mastermixdown
machine. (You would of course pan1 hardleft and2 hardright)
Therotarycontrol,althoughhavingbeenby-passed, isnot redundant.
1 IfRETis pressed, it willcontrolwhateverinput you havepluggedinto
thattapereturnsocket, and feed ittothe groupbelow. The meterwill
1 look at thissignal NOTthe group.Thisadditionalsignal maybe
|regarded asa separateinputwithlevelcontrol andaux sendwhich
canonlyaccess ONE group; ie.for return 2, group 2.
Group and MasterFaders
! The4 longthrowfaderscontrol the overallgroupoutputs andthe
|masterfaders L andR control the overalllevels ofthe mainstereo
mix bus; left and rightrespectively. -
Solo Led
1 The Solo Led lightswhenever a PFLorAFL button has beenpressed.
15

1
8TRACKOPERATION
TheSeries200isparticularlysuitedto8 trackrecording,sinceithas
afull8-trackmonitoringsection,4 auxiliarysendsanda lotof
flexibility.
Firstly,therearesomesuggestionsformethodsofoperation,and
thena sectionoutliningtherecommendedway(s)toplug-upyour
equipmentandgeneralwiringinformation.
Monitoring
Theconsolewasdesignedwithheadphonemonitoringinmind,butit
isperfectlyfeasibletomonitorovera Hi-Fisystemorsimilar,thus
simulatinga ControlRoomenvironment.
Todothis,yousimplyconnecttheoutputfromtheheadphonesocket
(stereo jackrtip left,ringright,sleevecommonground)totheauxiliary
inputsofyourHi-fiamplifier.ItmaybenecessarytoturnthePhones
levelcontrolrightdowntoavoidoverloadingtheinputtoyour
amplifier,andinsomecasesitmaybenecessarytofita stereo
attenuatorintheleadbetweenthetwosystems.Besuretotakecare
withearthing.
Trywhereverpossibletohaveonlyoneearthpointforyourentire
system, andNOTtohaveallyourpiecesofequipmentearthedin
seperateplaces.Thisisalmostguaranteedtogiveyoumainshum;
either50or60Hzdependinguponwhereyoulive-seewiring.
Recording- thefirsttracks
Whenlayingthefirsttracks,youwillnormallyhavemicrophones
pluggedintotheInputmodulesandtheninturnyouwillwanttoroute
thesetothe8-trackmachine.Theroutingswitchesmaybeusedto
sendtoupto4 tracksatonetime.Thisisusuallyenough,butyou
arenotdoomedifyouwanttorecordmorethan4 tracksinonego.
Forinstanceyoumayneedonlytorecord4 tracks,butwouldliketo
puttheguidevocalontapeforreference.
Tosendmorethan4 signalsorgroupsofsignalstothe8-track,you
have2 options:Youmayeitherusetheauxiliarybuses,ifyouarenof
currentlyusingthemforechoetc.;oryoumaytakethesignalsdirect
fromtheinsertpoints.
Usingtheauxiliarybusesisthebestoption,sincetheauxiliary
systemisa verysimilaronetothegroups.Thecircuitryisthesame
andthereisanoveralllevelcontrolforeachauxiliarybus,sothatyou
couldeasilysumseveralsignalsandthenhaveoveralllevelcontrolto
tape. Effectsandechoetc.arebestaddedviatheinsertpointsifthey
arerequired,thuskeepingtheauxiliarysendsfreeforrecording
groups.
16

8TRACKOPERATION
TheSeries200isparticularlysuitedto8 trackrecording,sinceithas
afull8-trackmonitoringsection,4 auxiliarysendsanda lotof
flexibility.
Firstly,therearesomesuggestionsformethodsofoperation,and
thena sectionoutliningtherecommendedway(s)toplug-upyour
equipmentandgeneralwiringinformation.
Monitoring
Theconsolewasdesignedwithheadphonemonitoringinmind,butit
isperfectlyfeasibletomonitorovera Hi-Fisystemorsimilar,thus
simulatinga ControlRoomenvironment.
Todothis,yousimplyconnecttheoutputfromtheheadphonesocket
(stereojack:tipleft,ringright,sleevecommonground)totheauxiliary
inputsofyourHi-fiamplifier.ItmaybenecessarytoturnthePhones
levelcontrolrightdowntoavoidoverloadingtheinputtoyour
amplifier,andinsomecasesitmaybenecessarytofita stereo
attenuatorintheleadbetweenthetwosystems.Besuretotakecare
withearthing.
Trywhereverpossibletohaveonlyoneearthpointforyourentire
system, andNOTtohaveallyourpiecesofequipmentearthedin
seperateplaces.Thisisalmostguaranteedtogiveyoumainshum;
either50or60Hzdependinguponwhereyoulive-seewiring.
Recording- thefirsttracks
Whenlayingthefirsttracks,youwillnormallyhavemicrophones
pluggedintotheInputmodulesandtheninturnyouwillwanttoroute
thesetothe8-trackmachine.Theroutingswitchesmaybeusedto
sendtoupto4 tracksatonetime.Thisisusuallyenough,butyou
arenotdoomedifyouwanttorecordmorethan4 tracksinonego.
Forinstanceyoumayneedonlytorecord4 tracks,butwouldliketo
puttheguidevocalontapeforreference.
Tosendmorethan4 signalsorgroupsofsignalstothe8-track,you
have2 options:Youmayeitherusetheauxiliarybuses,ifyouarenot
currentlyusingthemforechoetc.;oryoumaytakethesignalsdirect
fromtheinsertpoints.
Usingtheauxiliarybusesisthebestoption,sincetheauxiliary
systemisa verysimilaronetothegroups.Thecircuitryisthesame
andthereisanoveralllevelcontrolforeachauxiliarybus,sothatyou
couldeasilysumseveralsignalsandthenhaveoveralllevelcontrolto
tape. Effectsandechoetc.arebestaddedviatheinsertpointsifthey
arerequired,thuskeepingtheauxiliarysendsfreeforrecording
groups.
XI

Usingtheinsertpointsisnotsuchaneasyoption,butprobablya
goodoneifyouonlyneedtosendonesignalandalltheauxiliaries
arebusy.Theinsertsendfromtheinputmodulecomesbeforethe
modulefader,andsolevelcontroltotapewillhavetobedoneatthe
inputtothe multitrack. Notethatthesendontheinsertsocketisthe
ringofthestereojack.
Tomonitoryoursendstotapeyounormallyusethelevelcontrols1-4
onthemonitorpanel,makingsurethattheRETandSUBbuttonsare
NOTpressed.Thiswillallowyoutolistentothe4 groupsendsfrom
theconsole.Thelevelstotapearesetviathe4 groupfadersandthe
rotarycontrols1-4donotaffecttheleveltotape,onlythelevelto
monitor(Headphonesocket).
Itisprobablybesttosendthefirst4 tracksrecordedtotracks5-8
(1-4and5-8areusuallyparalleled- theswitchingdone onthe
multitrackremote)sothatmonitoringbecomesclearerduring
overdub.
Ifyouarerecordingmorethan4 tracksinonegoordonotsendto
tracks5-8firstyouwillhavetocontrolyourmonitoringstatusesfrom
themultitrackremote- seebelow.
Overdubbing
Therefore,whenyouhaverecordedthefirst4 (orless)tracks,you
willneedtolistentothemback.Todothisyoujustusetherotary
controls5-8.Thenwhenyouaddthenext4 tracks,thesecorrespond
togroupfaders1-4.
Asyousendoutthese4 groups(eithertogetherorindividually)you
monitorviarotarycontrols1-4,andwhenyouneedtolistenbacktoa
particulartrackpresstherespectiveRETbutton.
UsingtheMultitrackcontrols
Ifyoursessioninvolvescomplication,suchasrepeatedoverdub,
track-bouncing,orrecordingmorethan4 tracksatonce,thenitis
probablybesttousethemultitrack'sowncontrolstodetermineyour
monitorstatus.
Pressthe4 RETbuttonsandfromthenonthe8 rotarycontrolsform
amixofall8 outputsfromthemachineatanyonetime.Whenlaying
atrackortracks,switchtherelevantchannel(s)toINPUTforlaying
andswitchthemtoOUTPUTforlisteningoroverdubbing.
(Rememberingtomakesureyou'reinSyncduringalltracklaying)
ProgressingtowardsMix
Asyoursessionprogresses,thenumberoftracksbeingsenttoat
anytimeusuallybecomesnomorethan2,andthenumberof Input
channelsbeingusedalsoreduces.Assumingthatyouhaveenough
18

inputmoduleswhichareunused,youcanstartpreparingforyoumix
asyouoverdub.Youmaynotnecessarilymixstraightaway,butitis
oftenusefultomonitorviatheInputmodulessothatEqmaybeused
andmorethanoneauxiliarysendaccessed.
Reserveoneofthepairsofgroupsforsendingtothe multitrack, and
thenroutealltheotherinputmodulestotheotherpair.Sayfor
examplethat3-4willbeusedtosendthemultitrack, and1-2willnow
formthemonitormix.
Pluguptheoutputsfromthe8-trackto8 inputmodules(1-8if
possibleforsimplicity- theymayalreadybepluggedpermanently-
seepluggingup)andturndownalltherotarycontrols1-8.PressSUB
abovefaders1 and2,setthemtounitygain(OdB)andpan1 hard
leftand2 hardright.Thispairoffadersisnowfeedingthestereomix
busand,consequently,theheadphoneoutput.
Nowyourmonitoringcanbedoneviathe8 inputmodules
correspondingtothe8 tracksandtheInput/outputstatusiscontrolled
atthemachine.Whenoverdubbingiscomplete,youarealreadyset
upto Mixdown.
MixingDown
Plugging-up andswitchingformixingdownhasbeendescribed
above, anditshouldbenotedthatthemonitoringchannels5-8may
beusedaseffectsreturnsastheydirectlyaccessthestereomixbus
viatheirpanpotsandrespectivelevelcontrols.
Itisalsopossibletousemonitoringchannels1-4aseffectsreturns,
buttheprocedureisnotas simple:-
Assumingthatgroups1-2arebeingusedformixing,andtheirSUB
buttonsaredown,thenbypressingRETon3 and4,theywillalsoact
aseffectsreturnsinthesamewayaschannels5-8,(becausetheir
SUBbuttonsareUP).Levelcontrols1 and2 mayalsofunctionas
effectsreturnsbypressingRET,buttheirpancontrolsare,ofcourse,
nowworkingwiththefadersbelow.Sothesignalbeingfedintorotary
control1 onlygoesintogroup 1, andsimilarly2 onlygoesintogroup
2.ie.ifthesechannelsareusedaseffectsreturns,theycanonlyfeed
leftandrightrespectively.Thereforetheyareidealasa stereoecho
returnorsimilar.
Thesameruleswouldapplytorotarycontrols3 and4 iftheirSUB
buttonswerepressed.
Notethatthemasterfaderscontrolthesendtothemixdownmachine
andalsothefeedtotheheadphonesocket.Theheadphonesocket
thenhasa seperatelevelcontrolandamplifier,butyouwillnothear
anythingunlessthemasterfadersareuportheREPbuttonis
pressed. REPfeedstheoutputs trom yourmixdownmachinedirectly
totheheadphoneoutput.
19

S200STANDARDINPUT
CONNECTORASSEMBLY
20

PLUGGINGUP
Therearetwotypesofconnectorpanel:themainOutputpanel,and
theInputconnectorpanel.ThereisalwaysonlyoneOutputpanel,but
theInputpanelseachserve8 inputmodules.Soifyouhavea 16
Inputconsole,youwillhave2 inputpanels.
InputPanel
Asstated,theInputpanelserves8 inputmodulesandthepanelwill
belabelledaccordingly:1-8,9-16,or17-24.(24isthemaximum
numberofinputmodules)Foreachinputthereare3 socketsandone
switch: fromtopto bottom:-
INS Thisjacksocketallowsyoutoinsertanexternaldevice
suchasa compressoror harmonizer intothesignalpath
intheinputmodule.Thepositioninthepathispost
equaliser,butBEFOREthePFL,ONswitchandfader.
Thejacknecessaryisofthe"stereo"type:Thetipis
theinputbacktothechannelfromyourdevice:thering
isthesendtothedeviceandthesleeveisa common
ground.
LINEThisjacksocketistheinputtothemodulefor"line"level
signals.Youmayhavethissocketpermanently
connectedtoa synthesiserandthe mic socketconnected
toa mic,thefeedtothechannelbeingcontrolledby
the LI button.
Thejackrequiredforfhissocketisagainthe"stereo"
type: theinputisbalancedandsothetipandringare
"hot" and "cold" respectivelyandthesleeveisground.
Youmayalsoplugunbalancedequipmentintothisinput,
viaa standard1/4jack,withoutadverseeffect,(see
wiring).
MICThisfemaleXLRfypesocketisthebalancedmicinput,Pin
1beingground.Pin2 is "cold" andPin3 is"hot".
PWRThe PWR switchprovidesphantompowerof+ 48voltsfor
capacitor mics.
Itisimportanttonotethatifyouwishtouseanunbalanced
microphone(connectthe "cold" pintotheground)thePWRswitch
shouldbeOFF.
21