Spectris Arcom PEGASUS Instruction manual

PEGASUS
Arcom Embedded Linux Development Kit
for PEGASUS SC520 PC/104 Board
Quickstart Manual
www.arcom.com

PEGASUS Quickstart
Definitions
Arcom is the trading name for Arcom Control Systems Inc and Arcom Control Systems Ltd.
Disclaimer
The information in this manual has been carefully checked and is believed to be accurate. Arcom assumes no responsibility
for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties, which may result from its use.
Arcom assumes no responsibility for any inaccuracies that may be contained in this document. Arcom makes no commitment
to update or keep current the information contained in this manual.
Arcom reserves the right to make improvements to this document and/or product at any time and without notice.
Warranty
This product is supplied with a full 3 year warranty. Product warranty covers failure caused by any manufacturing defects.
Arcom will make all reasonable effort to repair the product or replace it with an identical variant. Arcom reserves the right to
replace the returned product with an alternative variant or an equivalent fit, form and functional product. Delivery charges will
apply to all returned products. Please go to www.arcom.com/support for information about Product Return Forms.
Trademarks
Linux is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds.
RedBoot, Fedora and Red Hat are registered trademarks of Red Hat Inc. This product contains a copy of the installation
media for the Fedora Core Linux distribution. This media is not a product of Red Hat, Inc. or the Fedora project and is not
endorsed by Red Hat, Inc. or the Fedora project. It is a product of Arcom and we have no relationship with Red Hat, Inc. or
the Fedora project. The media is identical in every respect to the standard Fedora Core install media.
All other trademarks and copyrights referred to are the property of their respective owners.
This product includes software developed by the University of California, Berkeley and its contributors.
Revision history
Manual PCB Date Comments
Issue A 19th June 2002 First release of manual.
Issue B 4th May 2005 Update for V4I1 Development Kit.
© 2005 Arcom.
Arcom is a subsidiary of Spectris plc.
For contact details, see page 21.
Arcom operates a company-wide
quality management system,
which has been certified by the
British Standards Institution (BSI)
as compliant with ISO9001:2000

PEGASUS Quickstart Contents
Contents
Introduction ........................................................................................................................................4
Handling your board safely ....................................................................................................4
About this manual ..............................................................................................................................5
Related documents ................................................................................................................5
Conventions ...........................................................................................................................5
Getting started ...................................................................................................................................7
What’s in the Kit? ...................................................................................................................7
What else do I need?.............................................................................................................8
What peripherals are supported?...........................................................................................9
Unpacking and connecting up..........................................................................................................10
Power supply ...................................................................................................................................12
RedBoot ...........................................................................................................................................13
What is RedBoot? ................................................................................................................13
RedBoot BIOS Loader .........................................................................................................14
RedBoot bootable CD ..........................................................................................................14
Arcom Embedded Linux...................................................................................................................15
What is Arcom Embedded Linux?........................................................................................15
Booting the system ..............................................................................................................16
Logging in ............................................................................................................................16
Setting up networking ..........................................................................................................17
The file system.....................................................................................................................18
Linux kernel..........................................................................................................................19
Support software..............................................................................................................................20
Target support software .......................................................................................................20
Appendix - Contacting Arcom ..........................................................................................................21
Index ................................................................................................................................................22

PEGASUS Quickstart Introduction
Introduction
The PEGASUS is a PC/104 form factor, PC-compatible processor board designed for
embedding into OEM equipment. The board is based on the AMD compatible single
board computer based on the ElanSC520 processor.
The PEGASUS includes:
Up to 64MB SDRAM.•
•
•
•
•
•
Up to 16MB Flash.
Parallel port.
IDE drive interface.
Floppy disk drive interface.
Battery-backed SRAM.
Handling your board safely
Anti-static handling
The SBC and other circuit boards fitted inside the PEGASUS ICE contain CMOS
devices. These could be damaged in the event of static electricity being discharged
through them. Please observe anti-static precautions at all times when handling circuit
boards. This includes storing boards in appropriate anti-static packaging and wearing a
wrist strap when handling them.
Packaging
Should a board need to be returned to Arcom, please ensure that it is adequately
packed, preferably in the original packing material.
© 2005 Arcom Issue B 4

PEGASUS Quickstart About this manual
About this manual
This manual is designed to help you get your PEGASUS single board computer up and
running as quickly as possible. It explains the components of the PEGASUS
Development Kit you have received and tells you how to unpack, connect and configure
the board.
Related documents
This Quickstart Manual is supplied as part of the PEGASUS Linux Development Kit.
Other manuals that you may need are provided on the CD-ROM that accompanies your
Development Kit. These include the PEGASUS Technical Manual and the Arcom
Embedded Linux (AEL) Technical Manual.
Detailed information about AEL is provided in the AEL Technical Manual, which includes
information about the following:
Configuration files and boot scripts.•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Making an application run automatically at boot.
AEL contents.
Installation.
Utilities.
Secure Shell (SSH).
Compiling a kernel.
Conventions
Symbols
The following symbols are used in this guide:
Symbol Explanation
Note - information that requires your attention.
Tip - a handy hint that may provide a useful
alternative or save time.
Caution – proceeding with a course of action may
damage your equipment or result in loss of data.
© 2005 Arcom Issue B 5

PEGASUS Quickstart About this manual
Typographical conventions
This manual contains examples of commands that you can enter. These are shown as
follows:
$make install DESTDIR=/tmp/target-install
The initial symbol ($ in this case) indicates the prompt that the command is for, and
should not be typed.
The prompts used are explained in the following table:
Prompt Explanation
$ Linux (bash shell) as a regular user.
# Linux (bash shell) as root.
RedBoot> RedBoot command line.
Different fonts are used throughout the manual to identify different types of information,
as follows:
Font Explanation
Italics Parts of a command that should be
substituted with appropriate values.
Bold Information that you enter yourself.
Screen text Information that is displayed on screen.
© 2005 Arcom Issue B 6

PEGASUS Quickstart Getting started
Getting started
What’s in the Kit?
The PEGASUS Arcom Embedded Linux (AEL) Development Kit includes the following
items:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
PEGASUS-133-M64-F16-S processor board and Industrial Compact Enclosure
(ICE).
+5V @ 8A, +12V @ 1.7A (100-240VAC input) power supply.
Power supply interface cable.
US, UK or EURO power cords.
Crossover RJ45 Ethernet cable.
Null modem cable.
PEGASUS AEL Quickstart manual (this document).
Development Kit storage case.
The AEL Development Kit also includes the following:
AEL support and installation CD.
Fedora Core installation media1.
AEL Technical Manual on CD.
1fedora.redhat.com
© 2005 Arcom Issue B 7

PEGASUS Quickstart Getting started
What else do I need?
An x86 Linux system compliant with version 1.3 of the Linux Standard Base2is required
for the AEL host environment. Suitable systems include PCs with Debian GNU/Linux,
RedHat Linux, Fedora Core or SUSE Linux.
The Linux system requires a spare RS232 serial port (capable of 115200 bit/s) with a
male DB-9 connector and suitable terminal emulation software, such as minicom.
It is also useful if you can obtain the following information:
•
•
Networking details for the PEGASUS. If your network does not have a DHCP
server, ask your network or system administrator for the following:
- IP address and subnet mask (netmask).
- Default gateway IP address (if required).
- Name server (DNS) IP address (optional).
Networking details for the host machine.
2www.linuxbase.org
© 2005 Arcom Issue B 8

PEGASUS Quickstart Getting started
What peripherals are supported?
Linux supports the following peripherals in this release:
Four UARTs: COM1, COM2, COM3 and COM4.•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
On-board Flash array with JFFS2.
IDE interface.
Ethernet interface.
SRAM.
Real time clock.
Internal watchdog.
PC/104 bus. Drivers are available for a range of Arcom and third party PC/104
boards.
© 2005 Arcom Issue B 9

PEGASUS Quickstart Unpacking and connecting up
Unpacking and connecting up
This section guides you through the process of connecting up the PEGASUS and
powering up the system for the first time. The PEGASUS is delivered 'ready to run'.
There is no need to adjust link settings or configuration switches for the board to
operate. If you follow the steps described, the board automatically boots Arcom
Embedded Linux from the on-board Flash.
The following diagrams show the locations of the connectors referred to in the
procedure:
ACT
ETHERNET
10
BASE T
BASE T
100
POWER LED
EARTH STUD
POWER JACK (5v)
COM 1
COM 2
COM 3
COM 4
KEYBOARD
MOUSE
RESET
To unpack and connect up your PEGASUS board, follow the steps below:
1Remove the PEGASUS ICE (Industrial Compact Enclosure) from the
Development Kit packaging. If it shows any signs of damage during transit, please
contact Arcom before proceeding.
2Fit the PEGASUS power supply interface cable to the socket on the ICE and to
the power supply adapter.
3Fit the mains cable.
4Connect a serial terminal emulator3to COM1 using the supplied null modem
cable.
3Such as Minicom running on a Linux PC or Hyper Terminal on a Windows PC.
© 2005 Arcom Issue B 10

PEGASUS Quickstart Unpacking and connecting up
5Configure the serial terminal to 115200 bit/s, no parity, 8 data bits and no flow
control.
6Switch on the PEGASUS board once the terminal emulator is set up on the host
PC.
The Linux operating system is loaded from the on-board Flash array and the
board displays the Linux login prompt.
For further information about Arcom Embedded Linux (AEL), see Arcom Embedded
Linux, page 15 and the AEL Technical Manual, which is in the /manuals/ folder on the
Development Kit CD.
© 2005 Arcom Issue B 11

PEGASUS Quickstart Power supply
Power supply
The AC PSU supplied in the kit is rated at +5V DC @ 8A max. This is designed to
support the requirements of the PEGASUS ICE. If additional devices are powered from
this supply please ensure you do not exceed the overall current rating.
© 2005 Arcom Issue B 12

PEGASUS Quickstart RedBoot
RedBoot
What is RedBoot?
RedBoot is a complete bootstrap environment for embedded systems. Based on the
eCos Hardware Abstraction Layer, RedBoot inherits the eCos qualities of reliability,
compactness, configurability, and portability.
RedBoot enables download and execution of embedded applications via serial or
Ethernet, including embedded Linux and eCos applications. It can be used for both
product development (debug support) and in deployed products in the field (Flash
update and network booting).
Ethernet download support is included. This means RedBoot can retrieve its IP
parameters via BOOTP or DHCP, and program images can be downloaded using TFTP
or HTTP. Images can also be downloaded over serial (using X- or Y-modem) or loaded
from a JFFS2 file system on the on-board Flash.
An interactive command-line interface is accessible via serial or Ethernet and allows
management of Flash images, image download, RedBoot configuration, etc. For
unattended or automated startup, boot scripts can be stored in Flash. This allows, for
example, loading of images from Flash or a TFTP server.
You cannot use the command-line interface via Ethernet if you have an
automatic boot script enabled which launches an application or another
operating system, since RedBoot does not stop to listen for TCP/IP activity.
The Arcom Embedded Linux (AEL) Technical Manual contains details of many of the
RedBoot commands that are useful when using RedBoot as a boot loader for another
operating system (such as Linux) or to launch an application. Full RedBoot
documentation is available in the eCos Reference Manual, which is in the /manuals/
folder on the Development Kit CD.
Default boot script:
The default boot script on the PEGASUS loads a Linux kernel from the JFFS2 file
system and executes it:
mount −t jffs2 −f filesystem
load −r −b %{FREEMEMLO} %{kernel}
exec −c %{cmdline}
%{FREEMEMLO} is a predefined alias for the lowest address of available memory.
%{kernel} is an alias for the full path name of the Linux kernel to boot.
%{cmdline} is an alias for the kernel command line to use.
Refer to the AEL Technical Manual for further details.
© 2005 Arcom Issue B 13

PEGASUS Quickstart RedBoot
RedBoot BIOS Loader
RedBoot on the PEGASUS is started by a small BIOS extension (the RedBoot BIOS
Loader) located in the boot ROM (BIOS chip). The RedBoot Loader can either load
RedBoot from the start of Flash and execute it, or bypass this and carry out the default
BIOS boot sequence instead.
If no IDE devices have been configured in the BIOS setup, the default boot action is to
start RedBoot. Otherwise the PEGASUS boots from the boot devices configured in the
BIOS. In each case, the alternative can be booted by pressing Ctrl-Cwhen prompted.
For example, to boot from a CD-ROM drive (jumpered as a slave) connected to the
PEGASUS, set up the BIOS as shown in the following table:
Item Setting
Drive Assignment Order Drive A: CD Fl/Pri Slave.
Boot Order Boot 1st: Drive A:
IDE Drive Geometry Set all to “Not installed”.
Exit and save the settings and, when prompted by the RedBoot Loader, press Ctrl-C,
as shown:
RedBoot BIOS Loader V1I1
Copyright (C) 2004, 2005 Arcom Control Systems Ltd.
Flags: 0002 FLAG_BIOS_OUTPUT
HDD not detected, booting RedBoot.
Press ALT or Control−C to boot BIOS device instead.
Press Ctrl-C at this point.
ALT or Control−C detected. Booting alternative system.
The PEGASUS boots from the CD-ROM drive.
See the PEGASUS Technical Manual for details about configuring BIOS settings.
RedBoot bootable CD
The Development Kit CD is a bootable CD and starts RedBoot when it boots. This is
useful for managing the Flash when the RedBoot on the Flash is not present or is not
booting.
The RedBoot on the CD is for the PEGASUS only and will not function correctly
on other systems.
© 2005 Arcom Issue B 14

PEGASUS Quickstart Arcom Embedded Linux
Arcom Embedded Linux
What is Arcom Embedded Linux?
Arcom Embedded Linux (AEL) is a space optimized standard Linux that includes many
of the standard file, shell and text utilities. As well as the basic Linux system, the default
installation includes:
OpenSSH Secure Shell.•
• Web server.
For a complete list of software and an explanation of how to add and remove packages,
please consult the AEL Technical Manual on the Development Kit CD.
© 2005 Arcom Issue B 15

PEGASUS Quickstart Arcom Embedded Linux
Booting the system
Once the system has been connected and powered up as described in Unpacking and
connecting up, page 10, the board automatically boots to a Linux prompt, as follows:
Uncompressing Linux......................................... done,
booting the kernel.
Linux version n.nn.nn−arcomn−n−pegasus
...
INIT: version 2.78 booting
...
If you do not have a DHCP server and you have not configured a static IP
address, the board pauses at this point while it searches for a DHCP server.
See Setting up networking, page 17.
Configuring network interfaces... done.
...
INIT: Entering runlevel: 2
...
Arcom Embedded Linux VvIi (ttyS0)
pegasus login:
Logging in
You may login to the PEGASUS as root (the superuser or administrator) using the
details below.
Login name: root
Default password: arcom
© 2005 Arcom Issue B 16

PEGASUS Quickstart Arcom Embedded Linux
Setting up networking
As standard the board uses the DHCP protocol to configure the network. This requires
a DHCP server to be available on your network. For details, please consult your
network administrator.
To configure the PEGASUS to use a static IP address, follow the steps below:
1Login to the PEGASUS using the following login details:
Login name: root
Password: arcom
2Edit the file /etc/network/interfaces using the nano editor, as follows:
# nano /etc/network/interfaces
3Modify the iface eth0 inet dhcp line to look like the following (substituting your own
IP address, netmask and gateway):
iface eth0 inet static
address 10.7.28.2
netmask 255.255.0.0
gateway 10.7.1.1
4Save the file by holding down the Ctrl key and pressing O.
5Exit by holding down the Ctrl key and pressing X.
6Set up a Domain Name Server (DNS) if required. This is required if you wish to
use domain names (such as www.arcom.com) when accessing the Internet.
To set up a DNS, edit the file /etc/resolv.conf and add your DNS server address
as follows:
nameserver 10.7.1.9
7Reinitialize the networking by typing:
# /etc/init.d/networking restart
For a useful introduction to TCP/IP networking, see chapters 25 and 26 of the RUTE
Manual, which is in the /manuals/ folder on the Development Kit CD.
© 2005 Arcom Issue B 17

PEGASUS Quickstart Arcom Embedded Linux
The file system
The file system used on the PEGASUS Flash is a compressed Journaling Flash File
System (JFFS2). JFFS2 has the following advantages:
Robustness.•
•
•
•
•
A power fail-safe mechanism.
No integrity scan (fsck) is required at boot time.
Flash wear levelling.
Transparent compression with a typical compression ratio of 2:1.
The on-board Flash is partitioned using RedBoot FIS.
The following table shows the default Flash layout:
Partition # Block device Size (KB) Offset (KB) Description
0 /dev/mtdblock0 256 0 RedBoot
1 /dev/mtdblock1 (remainder) 256 Filesystem
2 /dev/mtdblock2 124 128 (from end) RedBoot FIS partition table
3 /dev/mtdblock3 4 4 (from end) RedBoot configuration
In addition, a 4MB RAM based file system is mounted on /var/tmp for temporary files.
These are lost during reboot.
The basic AEL install uses about 8MB of physical Flash. On a board with 16MB of
Flash memory fitted, this leaves about 7.5MB free. This is about 15MB of free space,
assuming a typical 2:1 compression ratio. Additional space can be made available by
removing unused packages. For details, refer to the AEL Technical Manual, which is in
the /manuals/ folder on the Development Kit CD.
The default Flash image is available from the /images/ folder on the Development Kit
CD. See the AEL Technical Manual for an explanation of how to reload a complete
Flash image.
© 2005 Arcom Issue B 18

PEGASUS Quickstart Arcom Embedded Linux
Linux kernel
The version of the Linux kernel used on the PEGASUS is a standard Linux kernel tree
with support for Arcom’s boards.
Source and configuration
The kernel sources are installed in the host environment as
/opt/arcom/src/linux-source-VERSION.tar.gz.
Once you have unpacked the kernel source you can configure the default PEGASUS
kernel with:
$ make ARCH=i386 pegasus_defconfig
The kernel may now be built and installed as described in the AEL Technical Manual.
Default command line
The default kernel command line is:
console=ttyS0,115200 rootfstype=jffs2 root=/dev/mtdblock1 ro
© 2005 Arcom Issue B 19

PEGASUS Quickstart Support software
Support software
Target support software
When building applications for the PEGASUS board you must use the Arcom
Embedded Linux (AEL) host environment. This is a set of utilities that provide a cross
compile environment targeting the PEGASUS board. You need a cross compile
environment to produce binaries that work with the libraries installed on the PEGASUS.
For an explanation of how to install the host environment, see the AEL Technical
Manual.
The accompanying Development Kit also includes examples of the source code
required to use the Arcom-specific device drivers and utility programs.
© 2005 Arcom Issue B 20