SUNWARD SWE18UF User manual

I
SWE18UF
Crawler-type Hydraulic Excavator
Operation & Maintenance
Manual
2001#
Sunward Intelligent Equipment Co., Ltd.
April, 2021
© All rights reserved by Sunward Intelligent Equipment Co., Ltd.

OPERATION & MAINTENANCE MANUAL SWE18UF
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Note for Service Request
Dear Customers:
Thank you sincerely for purchasing our products. We will provide you timely service of good quality, so as to
bring you more fortune with our equipment.
It’s essential to provide us enough clear failure information, thus, we can analyze that and offer you effective
service on time. If any support is requested from SUNWARD or our authorized agents, failure details should
be provided as much as possible, mainly including following items:
①A clear and full photo of the equipment nameplate, which locates on the right outside of the cab, as below
figure:
②A photo of equipment working hours.
③A photo of the entire machine, in which the whole equipment and its working condition should be clear
and complete.
④A photo of possible failure component, which can help us to analyze the accurate location of malfunction.
⑤A close-up photo of failure component, in which show the malfunction details or damage clearly.
If you estimate that the failure may be caused by valuable components, such as, engine, hydraulic pump, main
control valve, motor, hydraulic cylinder, controller, display screen, radiator and track chain, photos of these
component nameplate or stencile seal are also needed, which locates on the top or side. Please distinguish that
carefully.
Please send us service request by email or other method, thanks for your support.

OPERATION & MAINTENANCE MANUAL SWE18UF
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EC Declaration of Conformity
The undersigned, representing the following:
Manufacturer and
the authorized representative established within the
European Economic Area:
Company name:
SUNWARD INTELLIGENT EQUIPMENT CO., LTD.
Address:
Sunward Intelligent Industrial Park, Xingsha,
Changsha , Hunan, China
SUNWARD EUROPE HEAVY INDUSTRY NV
Nijverheidspark 3, 3580 Beringen, Belgium
Business name: SUNWARD INTELLIGENT EQUIPMENT CO., LTD.
Name and address of person/Company authorized to compile the technical file established in the EU
Community:
SUNWARD EUROPE HEAVY INDUSTRY NV
Nijverheidspark 3, 3580 Beringen, Belgium
herewith declare that the following safety component/s:
Description of machine
Generic denomination: Hydraulic Excavator
Function: Widely used in projects like earth & stone construction, municipal construction, road
maintenance , layout of cables and pipes, garden cultivation, trenches clearance, and etc.
Model/s: SWE18UF
Series:
fulfil the relevant provisions of European Directive 2006/42/EC. The harmonized standards used in order
to obtain compliance to 2006/42/EC (MD) are the following:
EN 474-1: 2006+A4:2013/AC:2014 –Earth-moving machinery-Safety - Part 1. General
requirements;
EN 474-5: 2006+A3:2013 –Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 5: Requirements for hydraulic
excavators;
EN ISO 4413:2010 –Hydraulic fluid power - General rules and safety requirements for systems and
their components;
EN ISO 12100:2010 –Safety of machinery - General principles for design - Risk assessment and risk
reduction

OPERATION & MAINTENANCE MANUAL SWE18UF
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FOREWORD
It is particularly important that the operator should read these instructions carefully in order to
operate and maintain the excavator safely and correctly. Otherwise accidents or damage may
occur.
The manual supplies safety rules and labels which have been fixed on the machine so as to
provide the instructions of potential danger and the ways to avoid it. Please follow that strictly
during operating and maintenance. The forbidden usages or operations that mentioned in this
manual cannot be engaged in any circumstances.
SUNWARD cannot predict all kinds of potential danger may occur in the process of operation
and maintenance. Therefore, the related instructions in this manual and on the machine only
concern the basic safety rules. It is the operator’s duty to take necessary measures to protect
safety if there is no corresponding method recommended in this manual.
Sunward will provide customers who purchase this machine with warranty service within the
warranty period. The service details are showed in Maintenance Card supplied by distributor. In
order to receive the warranty service from Sunward, make sure genuine Sunward parts are used
and all instructions given in this manual is complied with strictly for operation and maintenance.
If any personal injury, death and property loss is caused by failure to obey above instructions,
Sunward will not take any responsibility for that, and has rights to refuse to provide and to
terminate warranty service in advance.
The excavator is designed according to the metric system, all the data presented are metric and
only metric parts and tools can be used.
The manual should be regarded as the permanent part of excavator and kept at the easy reading
place for consultation at any time. If it is damaged or lost, please contact SUNWARD or agents
for ordering. The manual should be attached when the excavator is transferred or sold.
Only trained, qualified and experienced operators can operate, check and maintain the machine.
The equipment covered by this manual meets the applicable technical specifications effective as
of its date of issue. The manufacturer SUNWARD reserves the right to make any modifications
from time to time without prior notices to any excavator components.
Sunward Intelligent Equipment Co., Ltd.

OPERATION & MAINTENANCE MANUAL SWE18UF
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 SAFETY RULES......................................................................................................................................................1
1.1 SAFETY LABELS..............................................................................................................................................2
1.1.1 Location of Safety Labels............................................................................................................................. 2
1.1.2 Safety Labels Instructions............................................................................................................................2
1.2 GENERAL SAFETY RULES........................................................................................................................... 11
1.2.1 Observing Safety Rules..............................................................................................................................11
1.2.2 Meaning of Safety Label............................................................................................................................ 12
1.2.3 Emergency Protective Measures................................................................................................................ 12
1.2.4 Wearing Protective Devices.......................................................................................................................12
1.2.5 Safety Devices............................................................................................................................................ 13
1.2.6 Keeping Machine Clean.............................................................................................................................13
1.2.7 Checking before Start-up...........................................................................................................................13
1.2.8 Precautions of Entering Cab .....................................................................................................................13
1.2.9 Correct Entering/Leaving Machine........................................................................................................... 14
1.2.10 Adjustment of Operator’s Seat.................................................................................................................14
1.2.11 Fastening Seatbelt ...................................................................................................................................14
1.2.12 Ensuring Perfect Visibility.......................................................................................................................15
1.2.13 Leaving Operation Seat Safely.................................................................................................................15
1.2.14 No Passengers Allowed ...........................................................................................................................15
1.2.15 Worksite Safety ........................................................................................................................................ 15
1.2.16 Operation on Loosened Area...................................................................................................................15
1.2.17 Signals and Gestures from Flagman........................................................................................................ 16
1.2.18 Distance to High Voltage Cables............................................................................................................. 16
1.2.19 Preventing Scald......................................................................................................................................16
1.2.20 Keeping Away From Running Parts........................................................................................................ 17
1.2.21 Preventing Fire and Explosion................................................................................................................ 17
1.2.22 Measures for Fire Fighting...................................................................................................................... 17
1.2.23 Preventing Splashing or Falling Objects.................................................................................................17
1.2.24 Prevention of Flying-Out Parts ...............................................................................................................18
1.2.25 Preventing Asbestos Dust Inhalation....................................................................................................... 18
1.2.26 Preventing Inhalation of Smoke or Exhaust Gas.....................................................................................18
1.2.27 Be Cautious of High Pressure Liquids..................................................................................................... 19
1.2.28 Safe Disposal of Liquids.......................................................................................................................... 19
1.2.29 Safe Disposal of Chemicals .....................................................................................................................19
1.2.30Waste Material Disposal ..........................................................................................................................20
1.2.31 Prohibition of Unauthorized Modification on Machine...........................................................................20
1.2.32 Preventing Objects Falling From High Altitude...................................................................................... 20
1.3 SAFE OPERATION INSTRUCTIONS............................................................................................................20
1.3.1 Inspection before Starting Engine .............................................................................................................20

OPERATION & MAINTENANCE MANUAL SWE18UF
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1.3.2 Correct Engine Start-up............................................................................................................................. 21
1.3.3 Starting Engine in Cold Weather...............................................................................................................21
1.3.4 Safe Operation...........................................................................................................................................21
1.3.5 Operation on Slopes ..................................................................................................................................22
1.3.6 Operation on Snowy Ground..................................................................................................................... 22
1.3.7 Avoid Tipping-Over...................................................................................................................................23
1.3.8 Preventing Accidents while Reversing or Swinging...................................................................................23
1.3.9 Avoiding Accidents Caused By Control Failures.......................................................................................24
1.3.10 Moving Machine Safely ........................................................................................................................... 25
1.3.11 Safety Rules During Traveling.................................................................................................................25
1.3.12 Traveling on Slopes ................................................................................................................................. 26
1.3.13 Safety Rules During Towing ....................................................................................................................26
1.3.14 Machine Transportation..........................................................................................................................27
1.3.15 Parking Machine Safely........................................................................................................................... 27
1.4 SAFETY MAINTENANCE INFORMATION.................................................................................................27
1.4.1 Using Warning Signs................................................................................................................................. 27
1.4.2 Parking Machine Prior to Maintenance....................................................................................................28
1.4.3 Safety Maintenance Rules..........................................................................................................................28
1.4.4 Tips for Using a Hammer .......................................................................................................................... 29
1.4.5 Precautions of Welding and Polishing ......................................................................................................29
1.4.6 Avoiding Heating Pipes Containing Flammable Liquids ..........................................................................30
1.4.7 Avoiding Heating near Pressure Oil Pipes................................................................................................30
1.4.8 Removing Paint Before Welding or Heating..............................................................................................30
1.4.9 Attachments................................................................................................................................................31
1.4.10 Maintenance Precaution of Track Tension Mechanism...........................................................................31
1.4.11 Safety Rules for High-pressure Oil..........................................................................................................31
1.4.12 Safety Operation for High-Pressure Hoses .............................................................................................32
1.4.13 Accumulator............................................................................................................................................. 32
1.4.14 Preventing Battery Explosion..................................................................................................................32
1.4.15 Waste Disposal ........................................................................................................................................ 33
2 TRANSPORT AND STORAGE...........................................................................................................................34
2.1 TRANSPORT ...................................................................................................................................................35
2.1.1 General Transport Instructions .................................................................................................................35
2.1.2 Transport Specification.............................................................................................................................. 35
2.1.3 Driving Onto or Off a Platform Trailer..................................................................................................... 36
2.1.4 Loading......................................................................................................................................................36
2.1.5 Tying Down the Machine........................................................................................................................... 37
2.1.6 Unloading.................................................................................................................................................. 38
2.1.7 Lifting Machine.......................................................................................................................................... 38
2.2 STORAGE........................................................................................................................................................ 39
2.2.1 Before Storage...........................................................................................................................................39
2.2.2 During Storage ..........................................................................................................................................40
2.2.3 After Storage..............................................................................................................................................40
3. ABOUT MACHINE..............................................................................................................................................41

OPERATION & MAINTENANCE MANUAL SWE18UF
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3.1 POSITION OF MACHINE COMPONENTS....................................................................................................42
3.2 CAB ..................................................................................................................................................................43
3.3 MONITOR........................................................................................................................................................ 44
3.4 ROCKER CONTROL SWITCH.......................................................................................................................46
3.5 STARTING SWITCH....................................................................................................................................... 46
3.6 SEAT.................................................................................................................................................................47
3.7 PILOT SAFETY LEVER.................................................................................................................................. 48
3.8 ENGINE THROTTLE CONTROL LEVER .....................................................................................................48
3.9 PILOT CONTROL JOYSTICK........................................................................................................................49
3.10 COOLING FAN SHROUD &HOUSING COVERS......................................................................................50
3.11 DECALS.........................................................................................................................................................51
3.12 AUXILIARY CIRCUIT PIPELINES..............................................................................................................52
3.12 Hydraulic Quick Hitch................................................................................................................................ 54
3.13 Operation Procedure of Attachment Control..............................................................................................56
4. MACHINE OPERATION....................................................................................................................................57
4.1 MACHINE WORKING ENVIRONMENT...................................................................................................... 57
4.2 RUNNING-IN OPERATION ...........................................................................................................................57
4.2.1 Watching Engine Running Carefully......................................................................................................... 57
4.2.2 Every 8 Hours of Operation or Everyday.................................................................................................. 57
4.2.3 After First 50 Hours of Operation............................................................................................................. 58
4.2.4 After First 100 Hours of Operation........................................................................................................... 58
4.3 OPERATING ENGINE ....................................................................................................................................58
4.3.1 Daily Inspection.........................................................................................................................................58
4.3.2 Checking Diesel Engine............................................................................................................................. 59
4.3.3 Electrical Device .......................................................................................................................................59
4.3.4 Air Filter....................................................................................................................................................59
4.3.5 Oil Level in Hydraulic Oil Tank ................................................................................................................ 59
4.3.6 Before Starting Engine...............................................................................................................................60
4.3.7 Starting Engine..........................................................................................................................................60
4.3.8 Starting Engine in Cold Weather...............................................................................................................60
4.3.9 Adjustment of Engine Speed ......................................................................................................................61
4.3.10 Stopping Engine.......................................................................................................................................61
4.3.11 Using Auxiliary Battery........................................................................................................................... 61
4.4 TRAVEL CONTROL .......................................................................................................................................62
3.4.1 Travel with Foot Pedal.............................................................................................................................. 62
4.4.2 Travel with Control Levers........................................................................................................................63
4.4.3 Travel Speed ..............................................................................................................................................63
4.4.4 Travel Brake ..............................................................................................................................................63
4.4.5 Key Points of Travelling............................................................................................................................ 64
4.5 EXCAVATION ................................................................................................................................................66
4.5.1 Working Status...........................................................................................................................................66
4.5.2 Composite Movements of Excavator.......................................................................................................... 67
4.5.3 Upper-Structure Slewing Brake.................................................................................................................67
4.5.4 Excavation Keypoints ................................................................................................................................ 67

OPERATION & MAINTENANCE MANUAL SWE18UF
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4.5.5 Excavator Parking.....................................................................................................................................68
4.5.6 Operation on Swampy Ground.................................................................................................................. 69
4.5.7 Lifting One Side of Crawler by Boom and Arm.........................................................................................69
4.5.8 Avoid Tilting.............................................................................................................................................. 69
4.5.9 Operation in Water or Mud....................................................................................................................... 70
4.5.10 Backhoe Operation.................................................................................................................................. 70
4.5.11 Leveling Operation.................................................................................................................................. 71
4.5.12 Preventing Ground Collapse ...................................................................................................................71
4.5.13 Operation Tips......................................................................................................................................... 71
4.5.14 Preventing Misuse of Machine.................................................................................................................72
4.5.15 Position of Dozer Blade........................................................................................................................... 72
4.5.16 Prevention Measurement for Dozer Blade...............................................................................................73
4.5.17 Be Careful when Retracting Front Work Attachment.............................................................................. 73
4.5.18 Don’t Allow Dozer Blade to Touch Roadblock........................................................................................ 73
4.6 HOISTING WORK........................................................................................................................................74
4.7 HYDRAULIC BREAKING OPERATION.......................................................................................................75
4.8 BOOM SWING................................................................................................................................................. 77
5 MAINTENANCE................................................................................................................................................... 78
5.1 CORRECT MAINTENANCE AND INSPECTION PROCEDURE.................................................................79
5.1.1 Periodic Maintenance................................................................................................................................ 79
5.1.2 Checking Hour Meter Frequently.............................................................................................................. 79
5.1.3 Using Fuel and Lubricant Correctly.......................................................................................................... 80
5.1.4 Preparation for Maintenance ....................................................................................................................80
5.1.5 Engine Maintenance.................................................................................................................................. 80
5.1.6 Periodic Replacement of Hydraulic Hose..................................................................................................80
5.2 MAINTENANCE GUIDE................................................................................................................................82
5.2.1 Adding Lubricant Grease...........................................................................................................................82
5.2.2 Engine Oil.................................................................................................................................................. 82
5.2.3 Gear Oil..................................................................................................................................................... 84
5.2.4 Fuel System................................................................................................................................................ 86
5.2.5 Hydraulic System.......................................................................................................................................89
5.2.6 Air Filter....................................................................................................................................................94
5.2.7 Cooling System ..........................................................................................................................................95
5.2.8 Others ........................................................................................................................................................98
5.2.9 Maintenance in Special Situation............................................................................................................ 104
5.2.10 Protection for Long-Term Storage......................................................................................................... 105
5.2.11 Attached Table.......................................................................................................................................106
6. TROUBLESHOOTING .....................................................................................................................................107
7. TECHNICAL PARAMETERS..........................................................................................................................110
7.1 PARAMETERS..............................................................................................................................................111
7.2 DIMENSION &WORK PARAMETERS ...................................................................................................... 113
8 APPENDIX...........................................................................................................................................................116

OPERATION & MAINTENANCE MANUAL SWE18UF
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8.1 ELECTRICAL SCHEMATIC ........................................................................................................................116
8.2 ELECTRICAL COMPONENT....................................................................................................................... 117
8.3 HYDRAULIC SCHEMATIC ..........................................................................................................................118
8.4 HYDRAULIC COMPONENT........................................................................................................................ 120
9 OPERATION INSTRUCTION OF AUXILIARY CIRCUITS........................................................................121
9.1 SAFETY NOTE..............................................................................................................................................121
9.2 NOTE FOR ATTACHMENT ASSEMBLY ...................................................................................................121
9.3 HYDRAULIC HAMMER BREAKER...........................................................................................................122
9.3.1 Main Use of Hydraulic Hammer Breaker................................................................................................ 122
9.3.2 Control of Hydraulic Hammer Breaker...................................................................................................122
9.3.3 Operation Key Points of Hydraulic Breaker............................................................................................124
9.3.4 Safe Operation of Hydraulic Hammer Breaker....................................................................................... 125
9.3.5 Replacing Hydraulic Oil and Filter Element........................................................................................... 127
9.4 KEY POINTS FOR HYDRAULIC BREAKER.............................................................................................. 127
10 MANUFACTURER INFORMATION.............................................................................................................129

OPERATION & MAINTENANCE MANUAL SWE18UF
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