SUNWARD SWE20F 2019 Troubleshooting guide

Operation & Maintenance
Manual
SWE20F
Hydraulic Excavator
SUNWARD INTELLIGENT EQUIPMENT CO., LTD.
Sunward Intelligent Industrial Park, Xingsha, Changsha, China
Sept.2019

I
FOREWORD
This manual provides rules and guidelines which will help you use this machine safely and
effectively. The precautions in this manual must be followed at all times when performing
operation and maintenance. Most accidents are caused by the failure to follow fundamental
safety rules for the operation and maintenance of machines. Accidents can be prevented by
knowing beforehand conditions that may cause hazard when performing operation and
maintenance.
Operators and maintenance personnel must always do as follows before beginning operation or
maintenance.
Always be sure to read and understand this manual thoroughly before performing operation
and maintenance.
Read the safety message given in this manual and the safety labels affixed to the machine
thoroughly and be sure that you understand them fully.
This manual should be considered as a permanent part of your machine. If you sell the
machine, be sure to give this manual to the new owners together with the machine.
Only original spare parts procured from Sunward are to be used. To use parts of poor quality
will be detrimental to machine’s overall performance.
All operation described in this instruction manual should be carried out exclusively by trained
and qualified staff.
This machine is designed in metric system and the sizes provided in this manual are metric,
therefore, please only use parts and tools in metric system.
Sunward guarantees maintenance to our customers. Please refer to guarantee certificate which
you have obtained from our distributors for maintenance concerns. With a guarantee certificate,
you are entitled to get maintenance from Sunward. In some cases even beyond maintenance
period, Sunward provides maintenance on the spot, which is usually free of charge. However, if
machine is abused or kept in overloading operations or its performance is changed beyond our
original regulations, compensations for maintenance will be unavailable and service on the spot
will probably be refused.
All the information including charts and specifications in this manual is the latest that we can
get. We reserve the right to make without prior notice any modification or amendment to
machine component.
Sunward Intelligent Equipment Co., Ltd

II
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. SAFETY RULES........................................................................................................................1
1.1 SAFETY MARK ...................................................................................................................1
1.2 SAFETY LABEL ..................................................................................................................1
1.3 GENERAL SAFETY INSTRUCTION.................................................................................1
1.4 PREPARE FOR EMERGENCIES........................................................................................2
1.5 WEAR SAFETY PROTECTIVE ARTICLES......................................................................2
1.6 CHECK MACHINE BEFORE START-UP..........................................................................2
1.7 ADJUST OPERATOR SEAT ...............................................................................................2
1.8 ENTER OR LEAVE MACHINE CORRECTLY .................................................................2
1.9 START ENGINE CORRECTLY..........................................................................................2
1.10 FORBID HITCHING OTHER PEOPLE ............................................................................3
1.11 KEEP MACHINE AWAY FROM ELECTRICITY TRANSMISSION LINE...................3
1.12 MOVE MACHINE SAFELY..............................................................................................3
1.13 PREVENT ACCIDENT WHILE BACKING OR SWINGING .........................................3
1.14 OPERATE DIGGING WORK SAFELY............................................................................4
1.15 AVOID ACCIDENT BY CONTROL FAILURE...............................................................5
1.16 PARK MACHINE SAFELY...............................................................................................5
1.17 SAFE MAINTENANCE .....................................................................................................5
1.18 SUPPORT MACHINE CORRECTLY ...............................................................................6
1.19 CLEAN TRASH ON THE MACHINE...............................................................................6
1.20 PREVENT BATTERY FROM EXPLODING....................................................................6
1.21 STORE PARTS SAFELY...................................................................................................7
1.22 PREVENT SPLASHING OBJECTS ..................................................................................7
1.23 PREVENT PARTS FROM FLYING OFF..........................................................................7
1.24 KEEP AWAY FROM TRANSMISSION PARTS..............................................................7
1.25 AVOID INHALING ASBESTOS DUST ...........................................................................7
1.26 BEWARE OF INHALING FOG OR EXHAUST GAS......................................................8
1.27 BEWARE OF SCALD ........................................................................................................8
1.28 BE CAUTIOUS OF PRESSURE LIQUIDS.......................................................................8
1.29 AVOID HEATING UP NEAR PRESSURE OIL PIPE......................................................8
1.30 AVOID HEATING UP INFLAMMABLE LIQUID PIPE .................................................8
1.31 REMOVE PAINT BEFORE WELDING OR HEATING ..................................................9
1.32 DISPOSE OF LIQUID SAFELY........................................................................................9
1.33 DISPOSE OF CHEMICAL SAFELY.................................................................................9
1.34 AVOID FIRE.......................................................................................................................9
1.35 EMERGENCY EXIT ........................................................................................................10
1.36 NOISE AND VIBRATION........................................................................................................10
1.37 OTHER SAFETY MARKS...............................................................................................11
2. MACHINE FAMILIARIZATION............................................................................................13
2.1 POSITION OF THE VARIOUS MACHINE COMPONENTS..........................................14

III
2.2 CABIN.................................................................................................................................18
2.3 MONITOR PANEL.............................................................................................................19
2.4 WANE CONTROL PANEL................................................................................................22
2.5 START-UP SWITCH..........................................................................................................22
2.6 HEATER..............................................................................................................................23
2.6.1 WORK THEORY .........................................................................................................23
2.6.2 INSTALLATION..........................................................................................................23
2.6.3 OPERATION................................................................................................................23
2.7 RADIO.................................................................................................................................23
2.8 SEAT ADJUSTMENT........................................................................................................24
2.9 PILOT SAFETY LEVER....................................................................................................25
2.10 ENGINE ACCELEROGRAPH SPEED CONTROL LEVER..........................................25
2.11 PILOT OPERATION ........................................................................................................26
2.12 OPEN AND CLOSE FRONT WINDOW.........................................................................28
2.13 AIR DUCTING HOOD AND UPPER-COVER...............................................................28
2.14ACCESSORY AND TOOL LIST......................................................................................29
2.15 IDENTIFIER .....................................................................................................................31
3. MACHINE OPERATION.........................................................................................................31
3.1 MACHINE WORKING ENVIRONMENT........................................................................31
3.2 RUNNING AND OPERATION..........................................................................................31
3.3 OPERATE ENGINE ...........................................................................................................32
3.4 TRAVEL CONTROL..........................................................................................................36
3.4.1 CONTROL TRAVEL WITH PEDAL..........................................................................36
3.4.2 TRAVEL WITH HANDLE CONTROL ......................................................................37
3.4.3 TRAVEL SPEED..........................................................................................................38
3.4.4 TRAVEL BRAKE.........................................................................................................38
3.4.5 OUTLINE OF TRAVEL...............................................................................................38
3.5 EXCAVATION...................................................................................................................40
3.6 LIFT WORK........................................................................................................................48
3.7 HYDRAULIC BREAKING OPERATION ........................................................................49
3.8 BOOM SWING ...................................................................................................................51
4 MAINTENANCE.......................................................................................................................52
4.1 CORRECT MAINTENANCE AND INSPECTION PROCEDURE..................................52
4.2 MAINTENANCE GUIDE...................................................................................................56
4.2.1 ADD LUBRICANT GREASE......................................................................................56
4.2.2 ENGINE OIL ................................................................................................................56
4.2.3 GEAR OIL ....................................................................................................................59
4.2.4 FUEL SYSTEM............................................................................................................61
4.2.5 HYDRAULIC SYSTEM...............................................................................................64
4.2.6 AIR FILTER .................................................................................................................70
4.2.7 COOLING SYSTEM....................................................................................................72
4.2.8 OTHERS .......................................................................................................................75
4.2.9 MAINTENANCE IN SPECIAL SITUATION.............................................................82
4.2.10 PROTECTION FOR LONG TERM STORE .............................................................83

IV
4.2.11 HEATER MAINTENANCE.......................................................................................83
5. TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE..................................................................................84
6. TROUBLE SHOOTING...........................................................................................................87
7. SPECIFICATIONS...................................................................................................................91
7.1 TECHNICAL PARAMETER .............................................................错误！未定义书签。
7.2 TECHNICAL INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................93
7.3 OPERATION PARAMETER .............................................................................................96
8. ATTACHMENT .......................................................................................................................99
8.1 ELECTRIC DRAWING......................................................................................................99
8.2 HYDRAULIC DRAWING .................................................................错误！未定义书签。
8.3 HYDRAULIC COMPONENT LIST ................................................................................101
9. ABOUT MANUFACTURER.................................................................................................102

1
The safety instructions in this chapter
only include the general safety rules
of machine. They can’t cover all the
possible dangers. If there is any
problem, please report to your superior
before operation and maintenance.
1. SAFETY RULES
1.1 SAFETY MARK
Fig 1-1 is the mark to remind of safety, when you see this
mark on the machine or in the manual book; it indicates that
the human body is in danger of injury.
1.2 SAFETY LABEL
There are various labels at various points of machine, in
these labels, various words indicate various hurt risks, such
as “DANGER”, “WARNIGN”, “CAUTION” etc
(as right figure), they mean as follows:
1) DANGER—indicates an imminently hazardous
situation which, if not avoided, could result in
death or serious injury.
2) WARNING—indicates a potentially hazardous
situation which, if not avoided, could result in
death or serious injury.
3) CAUTION—indicates potentially
hazardous situation which, if not
avoided, may result in minor or
moderate injury.
“DANGER”, “WARNING” safety labels
are stuck at given points of machine
within the range of possible danger.
General attentions listed on the
“CAUTION” safety label. In this manual
book, “CAUTION” also reminds of safety
instruction.
1.3 GENERAL SAFETY INSTRUCTION
Study the manual carefully and follow the safety
instructions in the labels and manual before
operating the machine.
1) Always keep the safety labels clean. Change
any lost or damaged label with a new one. If the
labels or manual book are lost, you can contact
dealer and indicate the model of machine to
purchase a new one.
2) Only qualified operator is permitted to operate this machine. Keep the machine in good
condition as per this manual.

2
3) Don’t refit machine without authorization, otherwise
it will affect the performance and service life of
machine, or may cause human body hurt oreven
death.
1.4 PREPARE FOR EMERGENCIES
All concerned people should be cautious so as to
prevent accident from occurring, and at the same time,
deposit first-aid kit and fire extinguisher nearby, and place
the phone numbers of hospital and fire department near
telephone to ask for help in case of emergency.
1.5 WEAR SAFETY PROTECTIVE ARTICLES
Before operation, always wear protective articles
when the work requires, they include:
Skintight work clothes
Hard hat
Safety gloves
Safety glasses, goggles, or veil
Respirator or filtration veil
Earplug or ear cap
1.6 CHECK MACHINE BEFORE START-UP
Before starting machine every day or every shift,
check the machine according to the contents in “Check
machine before start-up” in this manual.
1.7 ADJUST OPERATOR SEAT
If you use this machine for the first time, or change
operator, the operator should adjust seat to suit himself:
back on the seat, the feet can operate the pedals at ease.
(Refer to 2.8 seat adjustment for details)
1.8 ENTER OR LEAVE MACHINE CORRECTLY
Always face the machine when you use the steps and
hand-holds to enter or leave machine.
Never use any control lever as hand-hold.
Never enter or leave machine when the machine travels,
swings, or digs (lifts).
1.9 START ENGINE CORRECTLY
The operator must sit on cab seat to start engine. Not allow
starting engine with the operator standing on crawler.
Not allow starting engine with short circuit start-up (including
terminal start-up).

3
1.10 FORBID HITCHING OTHER PEOPLE
When the machine is in operation or traveling,
prohibit other people except operator staying on the
machine.
1.11 KEEP MACHINE AWAY FROM
ELECTRICITY TRANSMISSION LINE
Any part or load of machine touching electricity
transmission line will cause human death or GBH.
Prohibit machine or its load being close to electricity
transmission line, the machine should be 3 meters away
from line.
1.12 MOVE MACHINE SAFELY
Before the machine travels and swings, operator
should know the position of other people.
When machine travels or before it swings, operator
should warn other people by ringing the horn.
Operation at confined area should use signal in
swinging, and harmonize the hand signal before
machine start-up.
Before operating the machine traveling, confirm that
the operation of traveling pedal/control lever is
corresponding with the traveling direction.
Treadle the foreside of traveling pedal or push
traveling lever forward, and the machine will travel
along tension wheel. By contraries, the machine will
travel along sprocket wheel.
When machine travel on slope, place bucket as figures
show, keep bucket 200-300mm up the slope ground, if
the machine slides or becomes unstable, set the bucket
down at once.
1.13 PREVENT ACCIDENT WHILE BACKING OR
SWINGING
In order to prevent accident while backing or
swinging, the operator must follow:
Before back or swing the machine, look round and confirm nobody is around.
Ensure that other people stand out of the boom swing range.
Pay attention to that whether other people stay in work range or not. Ring horn or use other
signals to warn before moving the machine.
If the operator’s vision is blocked when the machine backs, a signalman is needed and the
signalman should always be seen.

4
If signalman is needed, he or she should use hand
signal. Only when both signalman and operator
understand the meaning of signal, the operator can
operate the machine traveling and swinging.
Understand all the meanings of flag, mark, and signal,
and determine the person who is in charge of
signaling.
Keep the cleanness of window, mirror, and lamp.
When the visibility is weakened by dust, rain, and fog,
etc, lamplight should be used.
Please read carefully and understand well the
contents of this manual book.
1.14 OPERATE DIGGING WORK SAFELY
Before digging, operator should be aware of the
position of the embedded lines, such as cable, gas
pipe, water supply pipe, and operate the machine
carefully to prevent accident.
All the non-working people should be away from the
working range of machine.
Make sure the ground of working site is hard enough
to support machine.
When the machine works at pithead, the tension
wheel end should be outward pithead, keeping the
traveling orientation vertical with pit cliff. In this way,
the machine can move away easily when the cliff
collapses.
When the machine works in deep spot, you should
prevent the boom bottom and cylinder from colliding
with high objects.
Turn over prevention
When the machine works on slope, the track should
be parked along the slope, retract the bucket as much
as possible, keep the bucket close to ground and
machine to avoid turning over.
When swinging with load, decrease swing speed to
avoid turning over. When work on frozen ground, you should prevent the ascending
temperature from causing the ground to soften, otherwise it will affect the stability of
machine.
During operation, prevent boom or arm from colliding with high objects.
The bucket is only for digging work, do not allow using bucket to work as pneumatic pick or
hydraulic breaker does.

5
1.15 AVOID ACCIDENT BY CONTROL FAILURE
When the machine loses control, if someone tries
to mount on or stop machine, it will cause GBH or
death.
To avoid the machine losing control, pay attention to
the following proceedings:
Place the machine on horizontal ground, try your best
not to stay on slope, and stop machine as following
procedures:
Lower the bucket to the ground.
Run engine at low revs for 3 minutes to cool down
machine.
Stop engine, take out key from key switch.
Switch off pilot control.
If the machine has to stay on slope, use chocks to
block crawler, lower bucket, and plug bucket teeth
into ground.
Fix the machine well to avoid accidental movement.
Park the machine away from other machines at proper
distance.
1.16 PARK MACHINE SAFELY
Stop machine as following schedule:
Place machine on horizontal ground.
Lower the bucket to the ground.
Run engine at low rev for 3 minutes.
Place the timing handle at stop position, screw the
ignition key to “OFF” position.
Switch off pilot control.
Close window, top window, and cabin.
1.17 SAFE MAINTENANCE
Attention of maintenance:
Before working, be aware of maintenance rules.
Keep the working area clean and dry.
Don’t allow injecting lubricant or maintaining to the moving machine.
Avoid body and clothing touching with transmission parts.
Preparation for maintenance
Place the machine on horizontal ground.
Lower the bucket to the ground.
Run engine at low rev for 5 minutes.
Pull stop handle forward, stop engine, take out key from the switch.
Hang “DO NOT OPERATE” label at control lever.
Switch off pilot control.