Toshiba PORTEGE 650CT User manual

650CT 1-1
1.1 Features
The Toshiba 650CT Personal Computer uses extensive Large Scale Integration (LSI), and
Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) technology to provide minimum size
and weight, low power usage and high reliability. The computer incorporates the following
features and benefits:
❑Microprocessor
This computer uses an IntelPentium processor 133 MHz with Voltage Reduction
Technology (VRT) that operates at 2.9/3.3 volts. The math co-processor and 16 KB
cache memory are integrated into the Pentium chip.
❑Level-2 cache
A 256 KB level-2 cache memory is provided in pipe-line burst SRAM.
❑Hard disk drive
This computer has a 1.35 billion byte (1.257 GB) hard disk drive (HDD).
❑Memory
The 650CT comes standard with 16 MB of Extend Data Out (EDO) DRAM. This
includes 640 KB of conventional memory and 15744 KB of extended memory.
❑Display
The 650CT has an 11.3-inch Thin Film Transistor (TFT) color LCD which displays
800 x 600 pixels. The built-in display controller supports full color capability and up
to 1280 x 1024 resolution on an external monitor.
❑Keyboard
An-easy-to-use 84/86-key keyboard provides a numeric keypad overlay for fast nu-
meric data entry or for cursor and page control. It also includes two keys that have
special functions in Windows95. This keyboard supports software that uses a 101- or
102-key enhanced keyboard.
❑Batteries
Three different batteries are used in the 650CT: a Lithium-Ion main battery, a backup
battery (for memory backup), and an RTC battery (for the Real Time Clock).
❑Expansion memory slot
An optional 8, 16, 32, or 64 MB memory module can be installed in the memory slot.

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❑Parallel port
This port can be used to connect a Centronicscompatible printer or other parallel
device. The port supports an Extended Capabilities Port (ECP) conforming to
IEEE·1284.
❑Serial port
The serial controller is 16550UART compatible. This standard, 9-pin, serial port can
be used to connect serial devices such as a serial printer, serial mouse, or external
modem.
❑External monitor port
The female, 15-pin, D-shell connector can be connected to an external SVGA moni-
tor. This computer supports Video Electronics Standards Association (VESA) Display
Data Channel (DDC) 2B compatible functions.
❑PS/2mouse/keyboard port
Either a PS/2 compatible keyboard or a PS/2 compatible mouse can be connected to
this port.
❑PC card slot
The PC card slot can accommodate two PCMCIA Release 2.01 Type II (5.0mm)
cards or one Type III (10.5mm) card. These slots are ready for advanced cards, includ-
ing PC card 16's multifunction cards and CardBus 32-bit cards, as well as the Zoomed
Video (ZV) port, which is dedicated to high-performance video data transfer such as
MPEG video play back.
❑Docking Adapter port
This 240-pin port enables connection of an Enhanced Port Replicator II or a Desk
Station V Plus to the computer through a Docking Adapter.
The Enhanced Port Replicator II duplicates the following ports on the computer: PS/2
keyboard, PS/2 mouse, serial port, parallel port, external monitor, audio line-in,
headphone and microphone. It also provides an audio line-out joystick port and two
additional PC (Type III) card slots.
The Desk Station V Plus provides additional features to Enhanced Port Replicator II's
as follows: two PCI/ISA bus and one PCI bus expansion slots, a 5.25-inch drive bay,
a Selectable Bay, and an on-board SCSI-2 (Small Computer System Interface) con-
troller.
❑External FDD port
Allows you to connect an external FDD.

650CT 1-3
❑AccuPoint
A pointer control stick, located in the center of the keyboard, provides convenient
control of the cursor without requiring desk space for a mouse.
❑Serial infrared port
The 650CT incorporates two infrared ports located on the front and back of the
computer. These ports are compatible with the IrDA1.1 (Infrared Data Association)
FIR (Fast Infrared) standard, which enables cableless 4 Mbps data transfer.
❑Sound system
The sound system is compatible with both Sound BlasterProand Windows Sound
System. This computer is equipped with a monoral microphone, monaural speaker,
and the following jacks: audio line-in, headphone, and microphone.
❑Internal modem (optional in some markets)
The internal modem supports V.34 data communication at 28.8Kbps, V.17 class-1
facsimile at 14.4Kbps, speakerphone and Telephone Answering Machine (TAM)
functions. The 650CT is equipped with an RJ11 modem jack to connect a telephone
line directly to the computer.
The 650CT Personal Computer is shown in Figure 1-1, and its system configuration is shown
in Figure 1-2.
Figure 1-1 650CT personal computer

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Figure 1-2 650CT system unit configuration

650CT 1-5
1.2 System Unit Block Diagram
Figure 1-3 is a block diagram of the system unit.
Figure 1-3 System board block diagram

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The system board is composed of the following major components:
qIntel Pentium processor
The Intel Pentium processor operates at 133 MHz and 2.9/3.3 volts. The math co-
processor and 16 KB cache memory are integrated into Pentium chip.
qLevel-2 cache memory
Data RAM: 256 KB
- Two 32K x 32-bit pipe-line burst synchronous SRAM chips
- 3.3 volt operation
- Access time 8 ns
Tag RAM: 32 KB (only 8 KB is used)
- One 32K x 8-bit asynchronous SRAM chip
- 3.3 volt operation
- Access time 15 ns
The level-2 cache is a direct map method and a write-through policy.
qStandard RAM
16 MB, eight 1Mx16-bit EDO DRAM chips
3.3 volt operation
No parity bit
Access time 60 ns
Data transfer is 64-bit width
qBIOS ROM (Flash EEPROM)
256 KB, one 256K x 8-bit chip
- 128 KB are used for the system BIOS
- 64 KB are used for the VGA-BIOS
- 8 KB are used for the plug and play data area
- 8 KB are used for password security
- 16 KB are used for boot strap
- 32 KB are reserved
5 volt operation
Access time 120 ns
Data transfer is 8-bit width
qOptional memory
One expansion memory slot is available for 8, 16, 32, and 64 MB memory modules.
8 and 16 MB memory modules consist of 1M x 16-bit chips. 32 and 64 MB memory
modules consist of 4M x 16-bit chips.
EDO DRAM is used
3.3 volt operation
No parity bit
Access time 60 ns
Data transfer is 64-bit width

650CT 1-7
qVideo RAM
2 MB (four 256K x 16-bit EDO DRAM chips)
5 volt operation
Access time 60 ns
qSystem Controller Gate Array
This gate array has the following functions:
- CPU interface/control
- Level-2 cache memory control
- DRAM control
- PCI master/slave interface
- Write buffer (CPU-DRAM, CPU-PCI, PCI-DRAM)
- Prefetch buffer (PCI-DRAM)
- Two DMACs: 82C37 equivalent
- Two PICs: 82C59 equivalent
- One PIT: 82C54 equivalent
- Serial interrupt function
- Power management control
- Suspend/resume control
- CPU stop clock function
qI/O Controller Gate Array
This gate array has the following functions:
- Two UARTs 16550A equivalent (One SIO is used for SIR.)
- One FDC µPD765A equivalent
- One parallel port control supported ECP
- ISA bus control
- PCI bus front end control
qMultiplex Gate Array
This gate array is a multiplexer for a ZV-port.
qPC Card Controller Gate Array
This gate array has the following functions:
- PC card control
- CardBus control
- ZV-port support (multiplex gate array control)
qMiscellaneous Gate Array
This gate array has the following functions:
- Communication control
• Communication with KBC
• I2C bus interface
Communication with PS
Communication with Desk Station V Plus
Communication with EEPROM
• Communication register set

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- Others
• PWM control
• Beep volume
• Speaker control
• Universal I/O port
• Q-SW control
qModem Interface Gate Array
This gate array controls modem interface LSIs.
qVideo Controller
Chips & Technologies F65550 is used.
This video controller controls the internal LCD and an external monitor.
qKeyboard Controller (KBC)
One M38813E4 chip is used.
This KBC includes the keyboard scan controller and keyboard interface controller.
The KBC controls the internal keyboard, external keyboard, and PS/2 mouse.
qAccuPoint Controller (IPSC)
One KPAAC0062A chip is used.
This controller provides simultaneous control of both the AccuPoint and a PS/2
mouse.
qReal Time Clock (RTC)
One T9934 chip is used.
The T9934 has 128 of bytes memory. Fourteen bytes memory are used for the cal-
ender and clock. The remaining 114 bytes are used for the system configuration data.

650CT 1-9
1.3 3.5-inch Floppy Disk Drive Module
The 3.5-inch external FDD is a thin, high-performance reliable drive that supports 720-KB
(formatted) 2DD and 1.44-MB (formatted) 2HD disks.
The FDD is shown in Figure 1-4. The specifications for the FDD are described in Table 1-1.
Figure 1-4 3.5-inch FDD
Table 1-1 3.5-inch FDD specifications
Item 2-MB mode 1-MB mode
Storage capacity (KB)
Unformatted 2,000 1,000
Formatted 1,440 720
Number of heads 2 2
Number of cylinders 80 80
Access time (ms)
Track to track 3 3
Average 181 181
Head settling time 15 15
Recording track density (tpi) 135 135
Data transfer rate (Kbps) 500 250
Rotation speed (rpm) 300 300
Recording method Modified Frequency Modulation (MFM)

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1.4 2.5-inch Hard Disk Drive
The HDD is a random access, nonvolatile storage device. It has a non-removable 2.5-inch
magnetic disk and mini-winchester type magnetic heads.
The 650CT supports a 1.35 billon byte (1.257 GB) HDD.
The HDD is shown in Figure 1-5. Specifications for the HDD are listed in Table 1-2.
Figure 1-5 2.5-inch HDD
Table 1-2 2.5-inch HDD specifications
Items (MK1301MAV)
Storage capacity
Formatted (byte) 1,356,070,912
Cylinder 3,650
Heads 6
Sector 121
Bytes per sector 512
Rotation speed (rpm) 4,200
Recording method 8-9 RLL

650CT 1-11
1.5 Keyboard
The 84-key (USA) or 86-key (European) keyboard is mounted on the system unit. The
keyboard is connected to the keyboard controller on the system board through two 14-pin flat
cables. The 650CT AccuPoint, located in the center of the keyboard, provides convenient
control of the cursor without requiring desk space for a mouse.
The keyboard provides two keys that have special functions in Windows 95: activates the
Start menu and has the same function as the secondary mouse button. The keyboard is
shown in Figure 1-6.
See Appendix E for optional keyboard configurations.
Figure 1-6 Keyboard

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1.6 TFT Color LCD
The 650CT TFT Color Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) contains an LCD module, a Florescent
Lamp (FL), and an FL inverter board.
1.6.1 TFT Color LCD Module
The TFT color LCD is backlit and supports 800 x 600 pixels with built-in display controller.
This controller includes the functions of Video Graphics Array (VGA) and Super VGA
(SVGA) for both internal and external display.
The display controller is an F65550. This controller enables an LCD display of a maximum
of 16M colors.
The TFT LCD is shown in Figure 1-7. The specifications for the LCD are described in Table
1-3.
Figure 1-7 TFT color LCD
Table 1-3 TFT color LCD specifications
Item Specifications
Number of Pixels (pixels) 800x600
Dot pitch (mm) 0.288x0.288
Display area (mm) 230.4 (W)x172.8(H)
Contrast 100:1
FL current (mA) 4.6/3.6/3.0/2.4*
(Bright/Semi-bright)
*NOTE: The FL currents at power on are:
Bright Semi-bright
AC adapter connected 4.6 mA 3.6 mA
AC adapter not connected 3.0 mA 2.4 mA
(The settings at power on do not change even if the AC adapter
connection changes.)

650CT 1-13
1.6.2 Fluorescent Lamp (FL) Inverter Board
The FL inverter board supplies high frequency current to light the LCD’s Fluorescent Lamp.
The specifications for the FL inverter are described in Table 1-4.
Table 1-4 FL inverter board specifications color LCD
Item Specifications
Input Voltage (V) 5
Power (W) 3.8
Output Voltage (Vrms) 1,300
Current (mA) 4.6/3.6/3.0/2.4*
*NOTE: The FL currents at power on are:
Bright Semi-bright
AC adapter connected 4.6 mA 3.6 mA
AC adapter not connected 3.0 mA 2.4 mA
(The settings at power on do not change even if the AC
adapter connection changes.)

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1.7 Docking Adapter
Use the Docking Adapter to connect and disconnect the computer to an optional Enhanced
Port Replicator II or Desk Station V Plus.
The Docking Adapter is shown in Figure 1-8.
Figure 1-8 Docking Adapter

650CT 1-15
1.8 Power Supply
The power supply provides seven kinds of voltages to the system board. The power supply
has one microprocessor and operates at 2 MHz. It contains the following functions:
1. Determines if the AC adapter or battery is connected to the computer.
2. Controls the battery icon and DC IN icon.
3. Detects a fully charged battery.
4. Controls power on/off.
5. Detects low or high voltage at power I/O points.
6. Calculates the remaining battery capacity.
7. When an error occurs, controls LED blinking to indicate the error's source.
8. Controls system reset for Resume mode and boot mode.
9. Controls the LCD/FL power supply according to the LCD panel close sensor.
10. Controls the intensity of the backlight FL.
11. When the power is off, protects the buffer circuits on the system board's gate
arrays.
12. Controls transmission of the main battery status signals.
13. Controls audio signals (beeps) generated by the power supply.
The power supply output rating is specified in Table 1-5.
Table 1-5 Power supply board output rating
DC Power supplied Yes/No
Use Name voltage (V) Suspend Power off No battery
CPU CPUV +2.9 Yes No No
CPU, System controller GA, B3V +3.3 Yes No No
PCI/ISA-GA, DRAM
video controller, PC card GA,
PC card slot•PCI/Modem-GA
PCI/ISA-GA, video controller, VCC +5 No No No
BIOS-ROM, KBC, LSC
Modem, sound, HDD
PS/2 mouse, PS/2 KB port IFVCC 5V No No No
PC card slot, B12V 12V Yes Yes No No
Back-up 5V B5V 5V Yes No No
Power supply internal use MCV 5V Yes Yes Yes

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1.9 Batteries
The computer has three types of batteries:
❑Main battery pack
❑Backup battery
❑RTC battery
Battery specifications are listed in Table 1-6.
Table 1-6 Battery specifications
Battery name Material Output voltage Capacity
Main battery Lithium-Ion 10.8 V 3,400 mAh
Backup battery Nickel Metal Hydride 7.2 V 180 mAh
RTC battery Nickel Metal Hydride 3.6 V 30 mAh
1.9.1 Main Battery
The removable main battery pack is the computer’s main power source when the AC adapter
is not attached. The backup and main batteries maintain the state of the computer when you
enable AutoResume.
Battery Charging Control
Battery charging is controlled by a microprocessor that is mounted on the system board. This
microprocessor controls whether the charge is on or off and detects a full charge when the
AC adapter and battery are attached to the computer. The system charges the battery using
quick charge or trickle charge.
❑Quick Battery Charge
When the AC adapter is attached, there are two types of quick charge: quick charge 1
when the system is powered off, and quick charge 2 when the system is powered on.
Table 1-7 Time required for quick charges
Status Charging time
Quick charge 1 4 hours
(power off)
Quick charge 2 6 to 9 hours
(power on)

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NOTES 1: The time required for quick charge 2 is affected by the amount
of power the system is consuming. Use of the fluorescent lamp
and frequent disk access diverts power and lengthens the charge
time.
2: Using quick charge 1, the system CPU automatically stops the
charge after five hours and 30 minutes regardless of the condi-
tion of the battery.
If any of the following occurs, the battery quick-charge process stops:
1. The battery becomes fully charged.
2. The AC adapter or battery is removed.
3. The battery or output voltage is abnormal.
4. The battery is too hot (60°C or higher); the battery LED goes out.
❑Trickle Battery Charge
When the main battery is fully charged and the AC adapter is attached, the power
supply microprocessor automatically changes quick charge 1 or 2 to trickle charge.
❑Detection of full charge
A full charge is detected only when the battery is charging at quick charge, and under
any of the following conditions:
1. The current in the battery charging circuit drops under the predetermined
limit.
2. The charging time exceeds the fixed limit.
1.9.2 Backup Battery
The backup battery maintains data for AutoResume. The power source used to back-up the
AutoResume data is determined according to the following priority:
AC adapter > Main battery > Backup battery
The backup battery is charged by the main battery or AC adapter. Table 1-8 shows the
charging time and data preservation period of the backup battery.

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Table 1-8 Backup battery charging/data preservation time
Status Time
Charging Time 30 Hours: Power ON
40 Hours: Power OFF
Data preservation period (full charge) 1 Hour
1.9.3 RTC battery
The RTC battery provides power to keep the current date, time and other setup information in
memory while the computer is turned off. The RTC battery is charged by the main battery or
AC adapter. Table 1-9 shows the charging time and data preservation period of the RTC
battery.
Table 1-9 RTC battery charging/data preservation time
Status Time
Charging Time 40 Hours
Data preservation period (full charge) 1 Month

650CT 2-1
2.1 Troubleshooting
Chapter 2 describes how to determine if a Field Replaceable Unit (FRU) in the computer is
causing the computer to malfunction. FRUs covered include the:
1. System Board 4. Hard Disk Drive
2. I/O Board 5. Keyboard
3. External Floppy Disk Drive 6. Display
The Diagnostics Disk operations are described in Chapter 3 and detailed replacement proce-
dures are given in Chapter 4.
The following tools are necessary for implementing the troubleshooting procedures:
1. Diagnostics Disk
2. Phillips screwdriver (2 mm)
3. Toshiba MS-DOS system disk(s)
(You must install the following onto the disk: SYS.COM, FORMAT.COM,
FDISK.COM and FDISK.EXE)
4. 2DD or 2HD formatted work disk for floppy disk drive testing
5. Cleaning kit for floppy disk drive troubleshooting
6. Printer port LED
7. Printer wraparound connector
8. Serial port wraparound connector
9. PC card wraparound card
10. Multimeter
11. External monitor
12. PS/2 or compatible keyboard
13. PS/2 or compatible mouse
14. Multimedia sound system with line-in and line-out ports
15. Headphone
16. Microphone
17. Speakers with amplifier
18. External FDD

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2.2 Troubleshooting Flowchart
Use the flowchart in Figure 2-1 as a guide for determining which troubleshooting procedures
to execute. Before going through the flowchart steps, verify the following:
❑Ask the user if a password is registered and, if it is, ask him or her to enter the pass-
word. If the user has forgotten the password, connect the printer port wraparound
board (F31PRT), then turn the POWER switch on. The computer will override the
password function by erasing the current password.
❑Verify with the customer that Toshiba MS-DOS or Toshiba Windows®95 is installed
on the hard disk. Non-Toshiba operating systems can cause the computer to malfunc-
tion.
❑Make sure all optional equipment is removed from the computer.
❑Make sure the floppy disk drive is empty.