TSI Incorporated IFA 100 User manual

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Instra

chapters
contents
about this manual 7
getting started 9
1 Controls and functions ofthe IFA 100
MODEl 1sa and 1S9 cabinets 11
Description of the cabinets 11
Front-panel controls of the MOOn tsa Master Cabinet 11
Back-p~ oontrols ofthe MODEl 1saMaster Cabinet 13
Power supplies of the master and slave cabinets 15
MOO£L 150 Anemometer 15
Description of the anemometer 15
/ Functions ofthe anemometer 16
Front-panel controls of the anemometer 17
Bade-panel controls of the anemometer 18
Internal switches 18
Br idge selection 19
MOO£l1 S7 Signal Conditioner 19
Description of the signalconditioner 19
Front panel controls 20
Back panel controls 21
2 The flow-measumnent process
Overview ofthe measurement process 23
Detailed instructions 23
Configuring the bade paneJ and connecting the cables 23
Measuring and entering transducer parameters 26
Frequency-response tuning 30
Configuri ngthe signa lconditioner 32
Configuring and operatingthe 1:1 bridge 35
Olecldlst for routine operation 36
3 General information
Principle of operation 37
Selecting probes 38
Operating resistance of the probe 38
Determining the operating resistance of the probe 41
Special feature : overheat reference 41
Temperature mmpensation 43
Calibration procedure 43
Calibratingdevices 43
Velocity calibrations 43
Repeatability «
Replacing sensors 45
Hot-w ire sensors 45
J
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appendix
Cylindrical hot-film sensors -46
ConicaJ, wedge, and flat hot-film sensors -46
Returning probes for replacement 46
MOO£L5 158 and 159 block diagram 46
MOO£L 150 Anemometef block diagram -47
Fa il- safe circuits 49
Maximum overheat check -49
MOOEL157 Si gnal Conditioner block diagram 49
Additional uses of the signal conditioner SO
-4 Expanding the system
Introduction 53
Unpacking and inspection 53
F iel d installation ofadditional modul es 53
MOOB.. 1so Anemometefs 53
MOOEl157 Signal Conditioners 54
Expanding to five or more channels 56
S Remote-control interfacin&
RS-232-C description 57
Signal conditioner commands 58
Anemometer commands 60
Master cabinet convnands 61
Blodc read and load 62
Blodc read 62
Block load 62
6 Troubleshooting
Bridge oscillat io n 65
Broken or open sensor 65
Inability to m easure r esista n ce In the Res Meas mode 65
I FA w ill not switch to Run 65
Anemometer switches from Run to Standby 66
7 Specifications
MOOELJss Master Cabinet 67
MOOEL1ss and 159 power supplies 67
Instrument identificat ion 68
MOOEllSO Anemometer 69
Bridge positions 70
MOOEL157 SignaJ Condit ioner 70
A TechnicaJ papers:
Elearon
ic testing of frequency response for thermal anemometers',
P.
Freymuth and L M. Fingerson
'Thermal anemometefs', L. M. Fingerson and P. Freymuth 73
CONTENTS
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figures
tab l es
1 Selectingthe line voltage 9
2 Front panel
of the master cabinet and LED display 12
3 Back panel of the master cabinet 14
4 Front-panel display of
the anemometer's functions 16
5 Front-panel controls
of the anemometer 17
6 Connections in the
rear panel of the anemometer 18
7 Front panel
of the signal conditioner 20
8 Back panel of the signal conditioner 21
9 Front panel ofthe I FA 100 24
10 location of the cable-and channel switches 25
11 Typical anemometer circuit 39
12 Graph of probe resistance versus temperature 40
13 Probe resistance label 40
14 Off-balance bridge withfilm-type probe
42
15 Ca libration curve of velocity and bridge voltage 44
16 Block diagram of the IFA 100 system 47
17 Block diagram of the anemometer 49
18 Block diagram
of the master cabinet 50
19 location of the anemometer channel switch 54
20 Back panel of the master cabinet 55
21 Extemal connections ofthe master and slave cabinets 56
22 Back l abel of the master and slave cabinets 68
1 line voltages forthe master and slave cab i nets 10
2 Resistance change as zero is approached 28
3 Available settings for the Bridge Comp control 31
4 Comparison of probes and theiroperating
temper
atures and coefficients 39
5 Overheat ratios for common sensors 41
6 Switch settings of channels 1 0-16 53
7 Connections forthe RS -232.C connector 57
8 Signal conditioner commands 58
9 Anemometer commands 60
10 Master Cabinet commands 61
11 Specifications of the MODEL 158 Master Cabinet 67
-12- -Voltages supplied-by-the MODELS 1 511 and 159 cabinets 67
13 Specifications of the MODEL 159 Slave Cabinet 68
14 Specifications of the MODEL 1 so Anemometer 69
15 Resistances ofthe four bridge positions 70
16 Typical repeatability of the bridge positions 70
17 Accuracy and range of the bridge positions 70
18 Specifications of the MOOfl. 1 57 Signal Conditioner 70
CONTfNTS 5
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6 CONTENTS
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organization
formatting and
typography
about this manual
1he purpose of this instruction manual is to familiarize you with the func-
tions, capabilities, and operation
of the IFA 1 00 system .
This manual consists of seven chapters:
o 'Controls and functions of the IFA 1 00' (chapter 1) explains the features
and
the functions ofthe IFA 100 , one component at a ti me .
o 'The flow-measurement process' (chapter 2) provides all of th e system 's
setup and operating instructions that you must know in order to make
flow measurements.
o 'Gener al information' (chapter 3) explains the instrument's pr i nc.iple of
operation and
the system's main auxiliary equipment
o 'Expandi ng the system' (chapter 4) tells you how to unpackand install the
IFA 100 .
o 'Remote-control interfacing' (chapter 5) gives complete instructions on
i nstall i ng a remote interface.
o 'Troubleshooting' (chapter 6) helps to isolate, clarify , and perform certain
c:ommon system functions.
o ' Specifications' (chapter 7) gives the specifications for most important
components ofthe
system.
Th is instruction manual is broken down into three levels : Chapter titles
appear at thetop ofthe page in upper and lower
case. Section titles appear
outside the
column of text on the left . Subsection titles appear above the
column of text in bold Italic .
Step-by-step procedures are numbered in boldfa ce type-1 , 2, 3, etc .- set
flu sh- left against the text margin .
Look for figure captions outside the text column on the left, along with notes
· -and footnotes .
Use the generous marg i ns on each page to make notes as you read the
manual and set up the system.
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help!
8
To obtain assistance with this hardware, orsimply to submit suggestions,
please contaaCustomer Service:
TSIIncorporatedI P.O. Box 64394/ St. Paul, MN 55164/ USA
fax (6 12) 4~1-12 . 20 I telex 6879024/ telephone [phone]
ABOUT THfS IMNUM
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Unpacking and inspection
Selecting the line voltage
(1I Selecting the line YOhage
gettingstarted
Th is section gives brief information-justenough to get you started-about
un packing, i nspecting, and installing your IFA 100 System.
R.emcJve the IFA 100 from its shipping container and thoroughly inspeait for
shippi ng damage . lf damage is found , notify the carrier . Then contact your
nearest lSI sales office for instructions onreturn shipping; use the original
conta i ner if possible .
Note that the IFA 100 hardware includes an accessory package that contai ns
this instruction manual and all other accessories as listed In chapter 7, 'Spec·
ifications'. Make sure you have received all these i tems. Ifnot, contact TSI 's
Custaner Serv i ce department
The IFA 100 System consists ofaMOO£l 158 Master Cabinet for the first four
transducer channels, and a MOOa. 159 Slave Cabinet for each additional
group of four channels. Both master and slave cabinets are equipped with a
rear-panel module that provides a fuse holder, a PC card to switch the line
voltage, and a linHOI"d receptade. See figure 1 and table 1 for instructions
on· selecting and sett i ng the line voltage.
1•. Open the COYef door widIOiale the fuse-pull
to let.
2. Sek<t 1he openlifll YOIIage by opening the
PC bo.d to the: position desired voltage on
. !he top.lel side . Push lhe boald finnly iniO module
slot.
3. Rocare the fuse-pull bade Into normal position and
reinsert the lute In lhe llolders, using caution to
-'ect conect fuse value .
9
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Rack mounting
10
To operate the master and slave, use the line voltages in table 1:
TABLE 1.
Line voltlges for the master and slave CAbinets
nomiNI NAO range NAO fuse (A)
1 00 90 to 1 OS 1
120 108 to 126 1
220 198 to 231 o.s
2<40 216 to 252 o.s
The master and slave cabinets are easily rack-mounted . Remove the rubber
feet from the boaom o( each cabinet and slide the cabinet into the rack.
Secure it with the two screws included in the accessory package.
CETTINC STARTED
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Model 158 and Modell 59
cabinets
-since the MODEll 59 has no inter-
nal miaoprocessor, Itmust rely on
the MODEl 1511 for control. (A
ribbon cable in the back panel
connects the slave to the master.)
1 Controls and functions of the IFA 100
lhis chapter explains the features and functions ofthe IFA 100. Carefully
read through this section aheryou have unpacked the components ofthe IFA
100and setthem out in front ofyou. Refer to them frequently, particularly
when a romponent's features are described.
Description of the cabin$
The MOOEL1S8 is the master cabinet and the MOOEL1S9 is the slave cabinet..
Both cabinets house, and provide powerto, four channels of transducers and
signal conditioners.
The master cabinet can control up to 16 channels by means ot (a) its front-
panel keyboard ( local) or via a computer (remote) through an RS-232-C inter-
face; (b) a 41h-dig itdata display with channel number; (c) three warning
indicators; and (d) atest signal.
Its microprocessor sends instructions to the transducer module and signal
conditioner module;• the microprocessor also monitors such parameters as
the seleaed bridge, sensor faults, and the overheat setting of the MODEL 1 so
Anemometer (in the standard, 1-bridge position).
Front-panel controls of the Mode/158 Master Qbinet
Refer to figure 2 as you read the following descriptions.
LED display. The display includes two digits for channel number and 4'/l
digits for data. It can monitor up to 16 channels oftransducers and signal
conditioners. When overranged, the display flashes '99999'. When no polar-
ity sign appears, the display is positive; the display is negative only when the
negative
sign (-) appears.
-Battery,-OSC, fault (warning indicators).-The warning indicators are Battery,
Osc, and Fault, l isted horizontally across the top of the LED display; they are
visible only when in an aaive waming mode.
When the Battery indicator romes on, it means that the internal battery (back-
up battery) is too low to retain function values if the power were interrupted.
Generally the battery holds a charge for several days.
71
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OUI'NY
0 I
Ole
'11&4f
I I 1
-I n
I I ,: ( . I
IFA•lOO
~NSOuca
f·~ l f:: IF:=I
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I IHnl I
1~1
FRfQUENCY COMP
CAU Ill -
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FR£QUENCY COMP
r c; 'i'
Clr'&\R ..
•
E
::r
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When the Osc indicator comes on, it means that the anemometer is oscillat-
ing or that large-scale turbulence is occurring.
When the
Fault indicator oomes on, it means thatthe anemometer probe is
not connetted or is damaged (resulting in an open circuit) . If your transducer
is a MOOEL140 Temperature Module, FAUlT means either that the thermo-
couple is open or that the reference junction is no longer maintained ata
constant
temperature.
Test signal. The nsr SIGNAl is a square-wave signal that is applied to the
bridge ofthe anemometer to visually optimize the frequency response ofthe
anemometer.
The amplitude and frequency of the signal are continuously
vatrable. To adjust the ampl itude, rotate the knob above the Test Signal key.
To adjust the frequency, push in the knob while turning. For detailed inf or-
mation on square-wave testing of the frequency response, refer to Appen-
d ix A.
LocaVremote interface mode. When power is first applied , the master starts
in the Local interface mode . The system is then operated through the front-
panel controls.
If you set the interface mode to Remote, the system is controlled from a
remote termina l or computer via an RS.232.C interface.
Channel. The channel function selects one ofthe 16 channels. To select a
channel,
press Channel and then a channel number (1 through 9, or 01
through 16).
Output connector. The Output Connector on the front panel ofthe master
monitors the transducer or signal conditioneroutput on any one of16 chan-
nels. The Output Display ofeither the transducer or signal conditioner
switchesthe output
to the lED display and to the outputconnector.
Back-panelcontrols of the Mode/158 Mastel' CJbinet
Refer to figure 3 when reading the following descriptions ofthe master cabi-
net's back panel.
RS-232.C connector. """'The RS - 232.C connector is on the upper right s ide ofthe
rear panel. It
is used for remote oontrol ofthe master cabinet via a terminal or
computer.
Ribbon cable connector. The ribbon cable connector is just above the power
connector
on the upper left side ofthe back panel. Use it to connect addi-
tional slave cabinets.
CONTROLS AND FUNCTIONS
13
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16
[4] Front-panel displ ay of the
anemometer's Nnctions
Fundionl of the anemometer
The seven anemometer functions (figure 4) include Ru rv5tandby , B ridg e
Comp(ensat i onl , Output Display, Cable Res( istance ), ResCistance) Meas( u re ),
Operate Res(istance) , and Test Signal. These functions may be monitoted or
controlled by computer or terminal via the RS-232-C interface.
Run/Standby Isadual-purpose key . When the anemome-
tef is in the Run mode , the LED indicator is on; when the
anemometer is in the Standby mode, the LED ind icator is
off . If the anemometer is in Run and you press the Run/Standby key , t he
anemometef switches to Standby (and vice versa).
Run (RurVStandby l isthe mode in whichthe bridge amplifier isconnected to
t he top of the bridge and the probe is controlled at a oonstant temperature.
Standby
is an idle condition in which there is no feedback fr om the bridge
amplifier to the top of the bridge .
Br idge Compensation (Bridge Comp )allows you to repeat
frequency-response senlngs. It is one of the two controls
that are needed to optimize
the frequency response. The
display range is approximately 20 to 5300. Once a given probe is opti mized
for maximum frequency response , press Br i dge Comp to record the value
f
rom the display and repeat the br idge-compensation setting. This means that
there
Is ooly one oomo l for optimizing the frequency response (cabl e).
0
oUTPUT
- .OISPLAY
Output Display (Output Di splay) switches the output of
the anemometer to
the ~i g i tal display on the front panel;
on
the master cabinet, it sw itches it to the output oon-
nectOI' on the fron t panel . When the anemometer is in Run , the display is in
vol ts; when Ca ble Res 01' Operate Res is pressed , the display is inohms.
~
~
C HAPTE R I
Cable Res istance <cable Res) allows you to store the cable
re si stance value in memory and to use it for subsequent
calculations.
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[5) Fro~ - panel controls
of the anemome~er
•Do not worry about breaking
the knob while turning the
Optnte Res control.
Q IW.OSPL
RES J.£AS
OSfi.RES Q
O OPERATE
RES
~
Resistance Measure (Res Meas) measures the cable resi s-
tance orthe probe resistance.
Operate Resistance (Operate
Res) displays the opera ti ng
resistance ofthe probe; use it in oonjunaion with the
Operate
Res controlto set the operating res istance.
Test Signal applies a square wave to oneside of the bridge
sothat you can see the pulse response on an oscilloscope.
~ When p-essed the first time, Test Signal activates the
square-wave test signa l; when pressed a second time, it deacti vates the test
signal Test Signal can only be used in the Run mode to optimize the fre-
quency response ofthe anemometer. When the LED is on , the function is on;
the function is off when the LID is off.
The Test Si Wlal has a dual-function control above the Test Signal key . Push-
ing
In and turning the control allows you to adjust the frequency of the te st
signal from 300 hertz to 30 k il ohertz; when you turn thecontro l, you adjust
the amplitude.
Front-~WJel controls of the anemometer
The fron t-panel controls, shown in figure 5, include the Operate Res and
Frequency Compensation controls.
Operare
Res . The Operate Res control is used in conjuncti on with the Res
Meas and Operate Res functions .
In t he Res Meas function , the function of the Operate Res control is to null
the di splay . In the Operate Kes function, the functiOn ofOperate Res is to
adj
ust the value ofthe operating resistance.
The Operate Res control is continuously var i ab le (no stops) and equipped
w
it h a dual-rat io drive . When the control tumseasily (fine adjustment), the
ratio
is 36:1; when the oontroltums very hard• (coarse adjustment), the ra tio
is 6:1 . Note that the fine-adjustment range is approximately one tum.
CONROI.S AND FUNCTIONS ,
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18
[6) Connections In !hebade ~
of lheanemometer
Frequency Comp. The Frequency Compensationcontrols include cable com-
pensation (<:able) and bridge compensation (Bridge). The Cable (1: 1) contro l
is used for the 1:1 bridge position while the cable control (knob) is used for
the remaining bridge positions. The Bridge control is common to a ll bridge
positions .
Bade-panel controls of the anemometer
As illustrated in figure 6, the back panel of the anemometer contains eight
connectors and sw itches from top left
L ED for 60-ft cable
l ength to ind icate the
position of the inter-
nal switch
2 Standard probe
conneaor
3 Hi-Pwr probe
conneaor
4 Bridge Voltage
output oonnector
5 Sensor switch
(film/wire)
6 Bridge Selector
switch CStd 1, Std 2,
Hi Pwr, 1:1)
7 Probe connector
for d-.e 1:1 bridge
position
8 Control Resistor (Cont
Res) connectorfor the
1:1 bridge pos iti on
lntenul swltdts
PROBE
IJMDARD II Nil YOI.T AGE
0 0 0
BRIDCESa
l
fUI m1
I
IJU
.. .. ....
1:1
m MOOEL1so
PROBE COHT RES
e-1 :1 -@
ANEMOMETER
The anemometer has only two internal swi tches (see 'Field installa tio nof
additional modules' in chapter4). Olannel Numberse le cts the channel
number for each anemometer module; Cable Length sets eitherthe ' 15-foot'
or 1 60-foot' posi t ion used for all bridge positions except 1:1.
CHA.?TE!l'
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Model157
Signal Conditioner
.
..
Bridgeselection
The anemometer offers four bridge positions: Standard 1, Standard 2, High
Power, and 1 :1 Bridge.
Standard 7. The Std 1 bridge position is used for most applications in gases
and low -ve locity l iquids.
Standard 2. The Std 2 bridge position is used only when the operating resis-
tance of the probe is in the range of 20 to 99.99 ohms.
High power. The Hi Pwr bridge position is available for applications in hi gh-
heat-transfer liquids and for controlling large flush-mount gauges. It has a
maXimum probe current of 1.2 amperes and a 2-ohm upper-bridge resistor.
NoteforSTDt, STD2, HI-powerbridges: These bridges are designed to
be irrmune from noise . Even though cables and probes tend to act as
antennae in a noisy environment, the outershield of TSI's maxi a/ cable
isgrounded
and this does notallow noise to radiate through to the center
signa/line.
7:7 Bridge . The '1 :1' bridge position is used for applications that requ ire low-
noise and high-frequency response. It indudes a symmetrical bridge with 20-
ohm upper- bridge res istors. Two 15-foot RG58MJ cables are used for the
symmetrical bridge, one for the probe and one for the control resistor in order
to
match impedances on both sides ofthe bridge . You must conneaa MODEL
1306 Control Resistor to the end of the Control Res cable, one that is equ al to
the
desired operating resistance ofthe probe . Due to the symmetrical bridge,
the
probe current is 0.3 ampere. The transducer funct ions applicable in the
'):1' bridge position are RurVStandby, Bridge Comp, Test Signal, and Output
D ispl ay .A long tone sounds ifyou press any adler function .
Notefor t:t bridge: This bridge has been designed for Yery high
frequency response applications. When conneaedto this bridge, the
outershield of the coaxial cable and probe support are not grounded,
and sometimes may ad as antennae pickingup RF noise and EM I. If this
should
ocrur, the typical frequencies are very high (around 1 MHzJ and
are way beyond flow frequen cies of interest Therefore , oneshouldset
the low-pass filter setting of the ltAod el 157 Signal Conditioner to around
400-500kHz and this willeffective ly eliminate the noise .
Description of the sip I conditioner
The signa l conditioner Is a precision instrumentthat is requ ired to offset,
amplify, and filter the transducer signal beforetransmitting It to external
CONTROI.S liND FUNCTIONS
79
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20
[7] Front panel o( the
signal conditioner
signal-processing equipment Its features include keypad entry and digital
display of the Offset. Gain, and Filter values for each channel; internal solid -
state switching; computer control via an RS-232-C interface; nonvolatile func -
tion values that last for days without power; a large number of function
values that iast for days without power; a large number of function settings to
allow for maximum utilization ofthe conditioner's output range; an internal-
external switch to allow for inputs otherthan those ofthe transducer; and
dired-currentor input coupling of0. 1, 3, or 10 hertz.
Front panel contro&
The signal conditioner's four functions are controlled from the front panel of
the IFA 100 or from a computer via a RS-232-C (see figure 7).
Offset. Offset ranges from 0 to 9 volts in 1-volt increments. Offset is sub-
tracted from the transducer voltage or from the external input voltage only in
the oc-ooupling position.
Cain. The Gain setting ranges from 1 to 900 (DC or AC). The setting is made
up of a single-digit mantissa (1 through 9) and an exponent (0 through 2).
Gain is applied after Offset ..
Filter (low-pass). The Filter setting is the rutofffrequency from 1 hertz to 400
kilohertz; it is athird-«der (-18 db'octave) Sallen-Key type. The setting is
made up of a single-digit mantissa (1 through 9) and an exponent (O through
5). The 900-kilohenz setting can be used as a no-filter position .
Output Display (signal conditioner). The Output Display switches the output
of the
signal conditionerto the digital display and to the front panel Output
connector ofthe
master cabinet
Exponent Press the Exponent switch to set exponential notation for the Gain
and Filter settings.
CHAPTER f
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1a1 Bade panel ol lhe
slgnll c:onchtioner
INPUT
0
1:
~~ ..
~
' 214
1t MZ
OUTPUT
0
lSI
t.bdel157
S.ck panel controls
1heback panel, shown in figure 8, has an inputconnector, an internal-
external switch ,a four-position coupling switch , and output connector.
1he lnt-Ext switch (factOf)'-set to Internal) toggles between the transducer
output ronnector and the In put connector.
1heCoupling switch (facto.y-set to DC) selects either oc or AC. input
coupling. In the AC. position, the 0.1 -, 3-, or 10-hertz switches select the
lowestfrequency of Interest
21
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22
CHAPTFI11
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Overview of the
measurement process
Detailed instructions
2 The flow-measurement process
The setup and operating procedure for the IFA 100 cons ists of four main
steps (see figure 9 ):
1 Set up the back panel of all anemometer and signal cond iti oner
switches; connect the
probe and output cables.
2
Measure and enter all transducer operati ng paramete rs .
3 Tune the
frequency response ofthe system .
4 Enter all signal conditioner functions.
Th is chapter provides all ofthe system's setup and operating i nstructions that
you must perform inorder to make flow measurements. However , it is rec-
OI'Tlrilended that you review the entire manual to fully util ize the features and
capabili ties ofthe IFA 100 .
Configuring the l»ck pmel andconnecting the cables
Follow these nine steps to set up the back panel and to connect all the cables
(refer to 'Configuring and operating the 1:1 bridge' lateron in this chapter for
detailed instruct i ons on setting up and operatingthe 1:1 bridge ).
1 Selectthe length ofthe probe cable with the intemal slide-switch to either
5 meters [15 ft] or 20 meters [60 ft) (see figure 10 ). The anemome ter is
factory-set for 5- meter [15-ft) cables. The probe cable should be a stan-
dard RGSSMJ , 50-ohm coaxial cable. When the switch is set for 20-
rneter [60-ft) cables, an LED on the back panel ofthe anemometer comes
on .
Select thesensor position , film or wire (back-panel switch).
2 Selectthe bridge position <back-panel switch).
Use 1 :1 Bridge for high -frequency response and low noise requ i rements .
Use Std 1 bridge for most applications in 8ases and liquids.
Use Std 2 bridge for probes with operating resistances greater than 20
ohms
(20- to 99 . 99-ohm range ).
Use the Hi Pwr bridge in high-heat-transfer liquids or for controlling large
flush-mount gauges. To double the bridge current for high -curre nt applica-
tions, up to a maximum of t .2 amperes, refer to table 12 in chapter 7.
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