Tugicom TX190 User manual

Package Contents
1x TX190 main board
1x PCB panel LCD module
1x RDS cable
Fast operation
It is strongly recommended to read the entire user manual before operation, however, for quick setup,
do not touch factory default jumper setting and refer to "OPERATING THE TX190" section.
TX190 - Professional FM Exciter
TX190 is a state of the art FM exciter designed to be the core of every radio station.
Achieving perfect audio quality was our main goal, which means that no matter if your FM
station is 1W or 10kW, no compromise should be when dealing with audio quality.
directed to use the most modern and advanced technology in the market while keeping
The result is even more impressive than planned.
On a compact board, with over 95% Surface mount technology (SMT) to improve performance, an excellent 1W exciter with a
modern PLL and fully digital control with LCD display.
Audio input chain designed perfectly beginning with a shielded XLR balanced input connector to cancel any interference from
noisy RF environment.
RDS (Radio Data System) is today a standard module in every radio station, a complete RDS module has been integrated inside
the TX190 including all main features of expensive professional stand alone RDS external modules.
The improved Stereo encoder, use a DSP technology with over sampling, to ensure excellent performance staring from low
distortion, accurate channel separation and stable pilot tone,
An external MPX generator, external RDS/SCA generator or audio processor can be connected to the MPX IN BNC connector to
bypass all internal audio chain.
stage Low Pass Filter (LPF) already connected and tuned for maximum performance without any need for user tuning.
With emphasis of 24/7 operation without any malfunction, we are sure, that ourTX190 will bring new audio quality for
many thousands audiences all over the world.

SPECIFICATION
GENERAL
Power Supply: DC 18-20V/650mA
Size: 6" X 7.5" (150mm x 190mm)
EXCITER
RF Output Power: 1 Watt typical (1.5W MAX)
Frequency range: 87.5Mhz-108Mhz no-tune
Output Impedance: 50 Ohms
Output connector: SMA
Frequency steps: 50Khz
MPX or SCA input: BNC unbalanced 10Kohm impedance
Harmonic output: <55dBc
Spurious output: <80dBc
Out of lock RF power-down: <-55dB
S.N.R: >75dB
RDS GENERATOR
Operation mode: Stand alone
Programming with a standard PC LPT port
Signal Bandwidth: 2.4Khz
RDS carrier: 57Khz (over-sampled x 3.2)
Conforms to CENELEC EN50067
4 modes of Dynamic/Scrolling PS
Supports: PI,PS,PTY,TP,AF,TA,DI,M/S,RT,UDG
STEREO ENCODER
Sub-carrier generation: over-sampled x 8
Pilot generation: 19Khz ± 2Hz ( over-sampled x16)
Stereo separation: >55dB (20Hz-15Khz)
MPX output level: unbalanced 75ohm (BNC connector)
LIMITER
Audio input connector: Balanced XLR
Input impedance: 10Kohm
Pre-emphasis: None, 50uS or 75uS
Input CMRR: >65dB
Frequency response: 20Hz–20Khz
FEATURES
Compact size - SMT design
Single power supply with onboard voltage regulators
Microprocessor controlled with LCD display
Excellent audio response
Selectable Pre-emphasis: None, 50uS or 75uS
Balanced shielded XLR input connectors
Audio Limiter
Stereo Encoder using a modern DSP technology
RDS (Radio Data System)
ExcellentVCO with low distortion
Phase Lock Loop (PLL) system with 50Khz steps for worldwide operation
Full Broadband design – no tune for 87.5MHz -108MHz
1W RF output power with LPF for clean spectral
TX190 internal modules and connectors
1 - RDS Program connector
2 - MPX out
3 - MPX in
4 - Audio in left
5 - Audio in right
6 - CPU + LCD Connectors
7 - PLL
8 - VCO
10 - RDS Generator
11 - Voltage regulators
12 - Limiter section + Clipper
13 - Stereo encoder
14 - Audio chain Power supply +/- 15V
1
2
3
4
5
10
67
8
9
11
14
13
12
Image for illustrative purposes only

Theory of operation
AUDIO LIMITER
Audio signals are supplied from 2 XLR balanced connectors – Left and right which being converted from balanced to unbalanced by low noise operational
the limiter function.
STEREO ENCODER
The stereo encoder is based on a microcontroller and a high performance analog switch, the 19Khz pilot is generated with a D/A technology by the
microcontroller (DSP), this technology produce a much improved spectral clearness and reduce the harmonic compared to other pilot generation methods, By
which also improve overall performance of the MPX signal.
RF SECTION
The base of the RF section is a VCO (voltage controlled oscillator), aVCO produce a frequency corresponding to an input voltage, mixing the audio with the
control voltage will generate FM signal (Frequency Modulation).
To Stabilize theVCO frequency, a Phase Lock Loop circuit (PLL) is being used.
The PLL compares a digital divided sample from the VCO with a very stable and accurate reference frequency, based on a crystal oscillator, and generates
a tuning voltage for theVCO.
RDS GENERATOR
The RDS (Radio Data System) uses a dedicated microprocessor to generate a direct digital RDS signal using a synthesize technology to create a 57Khz signal
at 361Khz sampling rate (over-sampled x 3.2).
It can be programmed using a PC, but stores all information in internal EEPROM memory which stores information after power down for a stand alone operation.
The RDS microprocessor includes all major features for the RDS standard :
The RDS signal is being mixed into the MPX signal with a variable resistor to change to deviation level of the RDS.
MAIN CONTROLLER
monitoring the lock status to power down if out of lock occur due to failure.
On power up, the controller will make test for the PLL operation, will program last frequency from internal EEPROM memory into PLL and wait till frequency
lock.
After frequency lock, it will enable the RF power stage and monitor it while waiting for buttons to be pressed.
Guide for jumper settings
TheTX190 is factory set to Stereo operation with RDS on, pre-emphasis of 75uS and limiter on.

Theory of operation
Pre-emphasis (None/50uS/75uS)
Factory set to 75uS
In an FM system the higher audio frequencies are more sensitive to noises than the lower frequencies. Because of that all FM receivers attenuate the high
audio frequencies in order to cut noise level.
Therefore a pre-emphasis for the higher frequencies is used to compensate the receiver attenuation.
There are 2 pre-emphasis modes used worldwide: 75uS - U.S.A, Japan and 50uS – Europe, Africa, Australia, New-Zealand,
When connecting AUDIO from external audio processor, some processors may add pre-emphasis, adding pre-emphasis also by the TX190 will make the
audio sound with too much treble because pre-emphasis must by applied one time only, in this case, the pre-emphasis on the TX190 need to be set to "none"
to allow external pre-emphasis.
If pre-emphasis is set to "none" instead of 50uS or 75uS, a major lack of treble will be noticed.
In order to set pre-emphasis 2 jumpers must be used, one for Left channel and one for Right channel.
Both channels must be set to same pre-emphasis.
Factory set - On
TheTX190 has 2 options for MPX input.
When using the XLR connector to input the audio signal, the MPX bypass must be set to "On", when an external MPX generator is being used, MPX bypass
is connected to the XLR inputs.
Factory set to Stereo on
This jumper activates or deactivates the stereo pilot tone.
For stereo broadcast, the TX190 broadcast a special pilot tone at 19Khz with 8Khz deviation.
When jumper is open (no jumper placed), stereo pilot tone is present and receivers will open the Stereo decoder circuit.
When jumper is closed (jumper is placed), pilot tone will be deactivated, without pilot tone receivers will not activate the stereo decoder circuit and a mono
reception will be used.
Factory set to Limiter on
Exceeding the 75Khz modulation will result in poor audio quality and interference to other radio stations.
The limiter input and output has also clipper for protection against high levels.
Limiter Mode – Loud Mode/Pure Mode
Factory set to Loud Mode.
Loud mode (fast mode) will keep volume at maximum levels but will slightly make audio sound less natural.
Pure mode (slow mode) will keep audio natural but will be a slight loss of volume.
Both Left and Right channels has their own jumper, please remember to set both channel to same mode of operation.
Factory set to Clippers On.
Clippers are the last limiting function in order to protect against over modulation (more than 75Khz).
the correct levels in the external audio processor.
Both Left and Right channels has their own jumper, please remember to set both channel to same mode of operation.

OPERATING THE TX190
Connecting the front panel to the TX190 board
TheTX190 panel should be assembled to the TX190 main board.
connector.
Power source
TheTX190 needs single power supply of 18V DC and at least 750mA to operate.
Maximum operating voltage is 24V, exceeding this voltage will cause overheating the main regulator.
The power supply must be a switching power mode with low ripple,
We do not recommend using a transformer power supply; it can make strong noises from the 50/60Hz AC line.
Power supply should be connected to the twisted black/red wires Red is positive (+) and Black is ground (–).
CAUTION – connecting the power supply in wrong polarity will damage the TX190.
Connecting the audio inputs
TheTX190 has 2 XLR balanced inputs.
For balance audio source: Pin 1 is the Ground, pin 2 is the signal in normal polarity and pin 3 is the signal in inverted polarity.
For unbalance audio source: both pin 1 pin 3 connected to the audio source ground, pin 2 connects to the audio source live signal.
Note: 1. balanced signal has more immunity to external noises.
2. Most CD's and computer audio outputs are unbalanced.
not connecting both pins 1 and 3 together in case of unbalanced audio source will result in poor
audio or no audio at all.
1
3
2
RED LINE OF FLAT CABLE
One end goes to the bottom of the LCD and the other
to the left side of the LCD_SW connector
CAUTION!
1. Connecting the panel connector in wrong polarity or to a wrong connector will damage the LCD display.
2. Do not touch the "CONTROLLER" connector it is used for test equipment only.
.
Image for illustrative purposes only

CAUTION
2. Do not pass the antenna near the TX190 or the audio cables; this could add undesired noises to the broadcast.
Connecting the Antenna
For a low cost antenna, we recommend standard "dipole" FM antenna from any radio equipment which looks like 2 radiators in calculate
length 75/freq(MHz), example: At frequency of 100MHz, the length of each radiator will be 0.75m.
Many antenna designs are also available on the internet.
Warning
Some of the commissioned items, particularly transmitters, require an operating license.
It is the Customer's responsibility to check relevant laws, regulations and directives regarding licensing and putting into service any
goods commissioned byTugicom. The Customer agrees to defend,
indemnify and hold harmless Tugicom, it's employees and agents, from and against any claims, actions or demands, including without
limitation legal and accounting fees, alleging or resulting from the improper or unlawful use of goods commissioned by Tugicom.
Finally - Make it work
is connected to the XLR inputs.
Turn on the power supply connected to theTX190.
After the power supply switched on, the TX190 will perform a power up sequence with a SELFTEST, display should show:
When power up and self test are done, theTX190 starts an on-air delay, of 20 seconds.
the display will show:
After the on-air delay, if the TX190 is locked the RF output will be enabled and the display will show:
In order to change the frequency, both buttons should be pressed for safety reasons and theTX190 will change to“Frequency Setup”
mode and the display will show:
Using Up or Down buttons, change to the desired frequency, when desired frequency is chosen, after 2 seconds of delay, the new frequency
will be saved and the frequency change procedure will start, the display will show:

After the on-air delay, if the TX190 is locked the RF output will be enabled and you will be ON-AIR.
In order to enable or disable RDS and change the Stereo\mono audio type, both Up and Down buttons should be pressed together and
held while power up theTX190.
TheTX190 will enter RDS setup mode and the display will show:
Using Up button, enable or disable the RDS, when done, press Down button to save and exit.
In case of failure or error in the VCO or PLL lock process the TX190 will notice you that there is problem so you can reset the unit.
Using the RDS
Install the RDS sftware that you have downloaded from our site.
Connect the RDS cable to the DATA connector on theTX190 and the other side to the USB port on the PC.
IMPORTANT :
Thank you for purchasing one of our products.
Tugicom RF Design.
Come visit our website for updates and new products: www.tugicom.com
Please check the rules in your country before operating radio equipment.
101.5 mhZ fm
tx190 <on air>
mode : stereo
up-mono dwn-save
rds : on
up--save
We are using RDS made by“pira.cz”(special edition of MRDS192)
*In our special rds edition, we cancel the“read”function!!!!
The software is user friendly, if any problem occurs please refer to the help section