uAvionix skySensor TSO Manual

UAV-1006950-001
Rev A
skySensorTM TSO
User and Installation Guide

UAV-1006950-001 2
Rev A
© 2022 - 2023 uAvionix Corporation. All rights reserved.
Except as expressly provided herein, no part of this guide may be
reproduced, transmitted, disseminated, downloaded or stored in any
storage medium, for any purpose without the express written permission of
uAvionix. uAvionix grants permissions to download a single copy of this
guide onto an electronic storage medium to be viewed for personal use,
provided that the complete text of this copyright notice is retained.
Unauthorized commercial distribution of this manual or any revision hereto
is strictly prohibited.
uAvionix®and Ping®are registered trademarks of uAvionix Corporation and
may not be used without express permission of uAvionix.
skyBeacon, tailBeacon, skySensor, tailBeaconX, skyBeacon Installer,
Continuous Calibration, Power Transcoder, Echo Installer, and Ping
Installer are trademarks of uAvionix Corporation and may not be used
without express permission of uAvionix.
Patent uavionix.com/patents

UAV-1006950-001 3
Rev A
1 Revision History
Revision
Date
Comments
A
7/17/2023
Initial release

UAV-1006950-001 4
Rev A
2 Warnings / Disclaimers
All device operational procedures must be learned on the ground.
uAvionix is not liable for damages arising from the use or misuse of this
product.
This equipment is classified by the United States Department of
Commerce's Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) as Export Control
Classification Number (ECCN) 7A994.
These items are controlled by the U.S. Government and authorized for
export only to the country of ultimate destination for use by the ultimate
consignee or end-user(s) herein identified. They may not be resold,
transferred, or otherwise disposed of, to any other country or to any person
other than the authorized ultimate consignee or end-user(s), either in their
original form or after being incorporated into other items, without first
obtaining approval from the U.S. government or as otherwise authorized by
U.S. law and regulations.

UAV-1006950-001 5
Rev A
3 Limited Warranty
uAvionix products are warranted to be free from defects in material and
workmanship for two years from the installation of skySensor on the
aircraft. For the duration of the warranty period, uAvionix, at its sole option,
will repair or replace any product which fails in normal use. Such repairs or
replacement will be made at no charge to the customer for parts or labor,
provided that the customer shall be responsible for any transportation cost.
Restrictions: This warranty does not apply to cosmetic damage,
consumable parts, damage caused by accident, abuse, misuse, fire or
flood, theft, damage caused by unauthorized servicing, or product that has
been modified or altered.
Disclaimer of Warranty: IN NO EVENT, SHALL UAVIONIX BE LIABLE
FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL
DAMAGES, WHETHER RESULTING FROM THE USE, MISUSE OR
INABILITY TO USE THE PRODUCT OR FROM DEFECTS IN THE
PRODUCT. SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OF
INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, SO THE ABOVE
LIMITATIONS MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU.
Warranty Service: Warranty repair service shall be provided directly by
uAvionix. Proof of purchase for the product from uAvionix or authorized
reseller is required to obtain and better expedite warranty service.
Please email or call uAvionix support with a description of the problem you
are experiencing. Also, please provide the model, serial number, shipping
address and a daytime contact number.
You will be promptly contacted with further troubleshooting steps or return
instructions. It is recommended to use a shipping method with tracking and
insurance.

UAV-1006950-001 6
Rev A
4 Table of Contents
1Revision History...................................................................................3
2Warnings / Disclaimers........................................................................4
3Limited Warranty..................................................................................5
4Table of Contents ................................................................................6
5TSO and System Information...............................................................8
5.1 Certification...................................................................................8
5.2 TSO Authorizations.......................................................................8
5.3 TSO Functions..............................................................................8
5.4 Non-TSO Functions......................................................................9
5.5 TSO Deviations and Incomplete....................................................9
5.6 FCC ID..........................................................................................9
5.7 Device Marking...........................................................................10
5.7.1 skySensor Hardware.............................................................10
5.7.2 skySensor Software ..............................................................10
5.7.3 skyBeacon-skySensor Installation Kit....................................10
5.7.4 skyBeacon / skySensor Wingtip Adapters.............................10
5.8 Environmental Qualification Form...............................................11
5.9 Continued Airworthiness.............................................................12
5.10 System Limitations......................................................................12
6System Specifications........................................................................13
6.1 System Functionality...................................................................13
6.2 skySensor Specifications............................................................13
6.2.1 Physical Specifications..........................................................13
6.2.2 Position Light Specifications..................................................14
6.2.3 Anti-collision Light Specifications...........................................14
6.2.4 GNSS Specifications (Non-TSO Function)............................15

UAV-1006950-001 7
Rev A
6.2.5 ADS-B Receiver Specifications (Non-TSO Function).............15
6.2.6 System Interfaces..................................................................16
6.3 skyBeacon / skySensor Wingtip Adapters...................................16
6.3.1 UAV-1002301-( ) C150/C152................................................17
6.3.2 UAV-1002302-( ) C172/C182................................................18
7Installation .........................................................................................19
7.1 Unpacking and Inspecting...........................................................19
7.2 Authorized Part Numbers............................................................19
7.2.1 skyBeacon-skySensor Installation Kit UAV-1007046-001......20
7.3 Installation Materials and Tools...................................................20
7.4 Mounting.....................................................................................20
7.4.1 Mounting Without Wingtip Adapter........................................23
7.4.2 Mounting With Wingtip Adapter.............................................24
7.5 Wiring .........................................................................................25
7.6 EMC Checkout............................................................................26
8Maintenance......................................................................................28
9Care and Cautions.............................................................................28
10 System Configuration ........................................................................28
10.1 Connect to skySensor Wi-Fi........................................................28
10.2 Open configuration web page.....................................................29
10.3 Update Wi-Fi configuration (optional)..........................................29
10.4 Determine software part electronic marking................................29
11 Normal Operation ..............................................................................30
11.1 Aircraft Lighting...........................................................................30
11.2 Wi-Fi ADS-B Receiver ................................................................31
12 Support..............................................................................................31

UAV-1006950-001 8
Rev A
5 TSO and System Information
5.1 Certification
This installation manual provides mechanical and electrical information
necessary to install skySensor. It is not equivalent to an approved airframe-
specific maintenance manual, installation design drawing, or installation
data package. The content of this manual assumes use by competent and
qualified personnel using standard maintenance procedures in accordance
with Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulation and other related accepted
procedures. The conditions and tests required for approval of this article
are minimum performance standards. Those installing this article either on
or within a specific type or class of aircraft must determine that the aircraft
installation conditions are within the standards which include any accepted
integrated functions not specified by the standards. TSO articles, articles
approved with 14 CFR Part 21.8(d), and any accepted integrated
function(s) not specified in the standard must have separate approval for
installation in or on an aircraft. The article may be installed only according
to 14 CFR Part 43 or the applicable airworthiness requirements. This is an
incomplete system intended to provide the functions identified in, and when
installed according to this installation manual.
5.2 TSO Authorizations
skySensor complies with the following TSOs when properly installed and
interfaced with equipment as detailed in this guide.
Function
TSO/RTCA/SAE
Class/Type
Position Light
TSO-C30c
SAE/AS8037
Type II (forward,
green)
Anti-collision Light
TSO-C96b
SAE/AS8017D
Class II
5.3 TSO Functions
Function
DO-178C DAL
DO-254 DAL
Position Light
D
D
Anti-collision Light
D
D

UAV-1006950-001 9
Rev A
5.4 Non-TSO Functions
Function
DO-178C DAL
DO-254 DAL
Wi-Fi Connected ADS-B Receiver
E
E
5.5 TSO Deviations and Incomplete
TSO
Deviation
C30c
uAvionix was granted a deviation from TSO-C30c Paragraph
a.(2), TSO-C30c Paragraph c.(1).(viii), and SAE/AS8037
Section 4 to use RTCA/DO-160G in place of RTCA/DO-160B.
5.6 FCC ID
Model
FCC ID
Contains
2AC7Z‐ESP32WROOM32U

UAV-1006950-001 10
Rev A
5.7 Device Marking
5.7.1 skySensor Hardware
5.7.2 skySensor Software
The software contained in the skySensor is identified by electronic marking.
Reference Section 10.4 for information on determining the software part
numbers.
5.7.3 skyBeacon-skySensor Installation Kit
5.7.4 skyBeacon / skySensor Wingtip Adapters
Wingtip adapters were previously TSO authorized, and certain part
numbers may be used to adapt skySensor installations. For reference, an
example skySensor wingtip adapter marking is shown below.
uAvionix Corporation
TSO-C30c Type I, INCOMP
UAV-1002301-002
2022-11-11

UAV-1006950-001 11
Rev A
5.8 Environmental Qualification Form
Conditions
DO-160G
Section
Description of Conducted Tests
Temperature and Altitude
4.0
Equipment tested to Category B2
Low temperature ground survival
4.5.1
-55°C
Low Temperature Short-Time
Operating
4.5.1
-45°C
Low Temperature Operating
4.5.2
-45°C
High Temperature Operating
4.5.4
+70°C
High Temperature Short-Time
Operating
4.5.3
+70°C
High Temperature Ground
Survival
4.5.3
+85°C
Loss of Cooling
4.5.5
Cooling air not required (+70°C operating without cooling)
Altitude
4.6.1
25,000 feet
Decompression
4.6.2
Equipment identified as Category B2 –no test
Overpressure
4.6.3
Equipment identified as Category B2 –no test
Temperature Variation
5.0
Equipment tested to Category A
Humidity
6.0
Equipment tested to Category C
Operation Shocks and Crash
Safety
7.0
Equipment tested to Category B
Vibration
8.0
Type 5 (Single Engine), Category S, Aircraft Zone 5,
Vibration Test Curve M
Explosion
9.0
Equipment identified as Category X –no test
Waterproofness
10.0
Equipment tested to Category S
Fluids Susceptibility
11.0
Equipment tested to Category F
Sand and Dust
12.0
Equipment tested to Category D
Fungus
13.0
Equipment identified as Category X –no test
Salt Spray
14.0
Equipment tested to Category S
Magnetic Field
15.0
Equipment tested to Category Z
Power Input
16.0
Equipment tested to Category BX
Voltage Spike
17.0
Equipment tested to Category B
AF Conducted Susceptibility
18.0
Equipment tested to Category B
Induced Signal Susceptibility
19.0
Equipment tested to Category AC
RF Susceptibility
20.0
Equipment tested to Category TT
RF Emissions
21.0
Equipment tested to Category H
Lightning Induced Transient
Susceptibility
22.0
Equipment tested to Category A2G2L2
Lightning Direct Effects
23.0
Equipment identified as Category X –no test
Icing
24.0
Equipment identified as Category X –no test
Electrostatic Discharge
25.0
Equipment tested to Category A
Fire, Flammability
26.0
Equipment tested to Category C

UAV-1006950-001 12
Rev A
5.9 Continued Airworthiness
Maintenance of skySensor is "on condition" only.
The aircraft must be returned to service in a means acceptable to the
appropriate aviation authority.
The forward position light is designed with 3 green LEDs. The anti-collision
light is designed with 4 white LEDs. If any LED fails, the unit must be
repaired or replaced.
Note: Use dark glasses or cover the device to ensure eye safety during
LED inspection.
5.10 System Limitations
Installation
This article meets the minimum performance and quality control standards
required by a technical standard order (TSO). Installation of this article
requires a separate approval.
Anti-collision Lighting
skySensor must be evaluated as a system with other installed anti-collision
lighting to ensure appropriate coverage. skySensor output intensities and
coverage can be found in Section 6.2.2.
Current 14 CFR 23.2530 (Amdt. 64) requires that anti-collision lights, “if
required by part 91 of this chapter, must have the intensities, flash rate,
colors, field of coverage, and other characteristics to provide sufficient time
for another aircraft to avoid a collision.” Prior to this update, historical rules
require that;
Aircraft originally certificated after March 31, 1957 and before August 11,
1971:
The system must produce a minimum of 100 effective candelas, with
decreasing intensities to 30 degrees above and below the horizontal
plane. Ref CAR 3-1 / 14 CFR 23.1401.
Aircraft originally certificated after August 10, 1971 and before September
1, 1977:

UAV-1006950-001 13
Rev A
The system must produce a minimum of 400 effective candelas, with
decreasing intensities to 30 degrees above and below the horizontal
plane. Ref 14 CFR 23.1401 Amdt. 11.
Aircraft originally certificated after August 31, 1977:
The system must produce a minimum of 400 effective candelas, with
decreasing intensities to 75 degrees above and below the horizontal
plane. Ref 14 CFR 23.1401 Amdt. 20.
ADS-B Receiver Functionality
skySensor’s Non-TSO Function ADS-B receiver is designed for situational
awareness only. It is not intended to, nor capable of, interfacing with
systems such as TSO-C195b “Avionics Supporting ADS-B Aircraft
Surveillance Applications (ASA)” equipment.
6 System Specifications
6.1 System Functionality
skySensor is a wing-tip mounted unit that contains an LED position light,
LED anti-collision light, and Wi-Fi enabled ADS-B IN and GNSS receiver.
6.2 skySensor Specifications
6.2.1 Physical Specifications
Characteristics
Specifications
Width
3.665 in (93.10 mm)
Height
4.504 in (114.4 mm)
Depth
1.192 in (30.28 mm)
Weight
3.5 oz (100 grams)
Operating Temperature Range
-45°C to +70°C
Maximum Pressure Altitude
25,000 ft
Input Voltage Range
9.7 to 30.3 VDC
14V Current
0.64A maximum
28V Current
0.32A maximum

UAV-1006950-001 14
Rev A
6.2.2 Position Light Specifications
Characteristics
Specifications
Type
Type II (forward, green)
Color
Aviation Green
Minimum intensity, horizontal plane
from nose
0 to 10 deg, 40 candelas
10 to 20 deg, 30 candelas
20 to 110 deg, 5 candelas
6.2.3 Anti-collision Light Specifications
Characteristics
Specifications
Class II (400 candela) horizontal
coverage [1]
± 2 degrees from 90 degrees
(perpendicular to fuselage)
Class III (100 candela) horizontal
coverage [1]
± 30 degrees from 90 degrees
(perpendicular to fuselage)
[1] Horizontal coverage specified where 0 degrees is the nose of the
aircraft, and 180 degrees is the tail
skySensor anti-collision flashes are automatically synchronized with an
installed skyBeacon by using GNSS timing, without the need for a hard-
wired synchronization bus. Prior to both units obtaining a GNSS lock, the
anti-collision flashes will be unsynchronized.

UAV-1006950-001 15
Rev A
6.2.4 GNSS Specifications (Non-TSO Function)
Characteristics
Specifications
Number of Channels
72
Constellations
GPS, GLONASS, SBAS, QZSS
Frequency
1575.42 MHz L1, C/A code
Sensitivity
Tracking
Reacquisition
Cold Start
Hot Start
-166 dBm
-160 dBm
-148 dBm
-160 dBm
Horizontal position accuracy
2 m RMS with SBAS
Velocity accuracy
0.05 m/s
Heading accuracy
0.3 degrees
TTFF (Time to First Fix)
Cold start
Hot start
29 s
1 s
Position update interval
1 second (1 Hz)
6.2.5 ADS-B Receiver Specifications (Non-TSO Function)
Characteristics
Specifications
Wi-Fi
Standard
802.11b/g/n
Security
WPA2 PSK
Frequency
2.4 GHz
Message protocol
UCP (GDL90 compatible)
Network protocol and port
UDP port 4000
978MHz UAT ADS-B Receiver
Frequency
978 MHz
Modulation
Continuous phase FSK
Data Rate
1.041667 Mbps
1090MHz ADS-B Receiver
Frequency
1090 MHz
Modulation
Pulse Position Modulation

UAV-1006950-001 16
Rev A
6.2.6 System Interfaces
Position Light
Breaker
Aircraft Power
Aircraft Ground
YEL
RED
BLK
COL
PWR
GND
Anti-collision
Light Breaker
6.3 skyBeacon / skySensor Wingtip Adapters
Wingtip adapters are available to allow or enhance fitment to selected
aircraft. Part numbers ending in -001 (e.g. UAV-1002301-001) adapt
skyBeacon on the port wingtip, and those ending in -002 (e.g. UAV-
1002301-002) adapt skySensor on the starboard wingtip.

UAV-1006950-001 17
Rev A
6.3.1 UAV-1002301-( ) C150/C152
Characteristics
Specifications
Width
6.2 in (157 mm)
Height
2.9 in (74 mm)
Depth
1.8 in (45 mm)
Weight
0.6 oz (19 grams)
Intended Aircraft Application
Cessna 150L, 150M, 152, 185E,
180H, 182N

UAV-1006950-001 18
Rev A
6.3.2 UAV-1002302-( ) C172/C182
Characteristics
Specifications
Width
6.5 in (164 mm)
Height
3.2 in (81 mm)
Depth
2.1 in (53mm)
Weight
0.9 oz (25 grams)
Intended Aircraft Application
172L, 172M, 172N, 172Q, 172R,
172RG, 182Q, 182R, 182S, 182T,
T182T, R182, 180J, 180K, A185K,
U206G, TU206F, TU206G, 177B,
177RG

UAV-1006950-001 19
Rev A
7 Installation
7.1 Unpacking and Inspecting
Carefully unpack the device and make a visual inspection of the unit for
evidence of any damage incurred during shipment. If the unit is damaged,
notify the shipping company to file a claim for the damage. To justify your
claim, save the original shipping container and all packing materials.
7.2 Authorized Part Numbers
skySensor
Item
P/N
skySensor TSO Hardware
UAV-1006900-( )
skySensor ADS-B Software
UAV-1006928-( )
skySensor Wi-Fi Software
UAV-1007057-( )
skySensor Installation Kits and Adapters
Item
P/N
skyBeacon-skySensor Installation Kit
UAV-1007046-( )
Wingtip Adapters (as required)
UAV-1002301-002 and
UAV-1002302-002

UAV-1006950-001 20
Rev A
7.2.1 skyBeacon-skySensor Installation Kit UAV-1007046-001
The skyBeacon-skySensor Installation Kit consists of the following parts:
#
Item
P/N
1
6-32 x 1-1/4” Screw (3)
UAV-1001459-001
2
5mm x 1mm O-Ring (6)
UAV-1002038-001
3
Wire Splice (3)
UAV-1001487-001
7.3 Installation Materials and Tools
In addition to the available installation kit(s), skySensor may require
standard aviation parts for installation. Parts may include:
•Wire
•Circuit breakers
•Environmental splices
•Ring terminals for grounding
Minimally, skySensor installation requires access to the following tools:
•Phillips screwdriver
•Appropriate crimping tool(s)
7.4 Mounting
skySensor is a wingtip, forward, right position light. The assembly should
be mounted as far outboard on the aircraft as practical, parallel to the