Vescent D2-105 User manual

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D2-105 Laser Controller
Laser Controller
Model No. D2-105 / D2-105-500
Document Revision: 4.2
Document Last Updated on 2021/12/17 00:00
Please read Limited Warranty and General Warnings
and Cautions prior to operating the D2-105.
D2-105 web page
Description:
The laser controller has two temperature controllers
capable of sub-mK stability1) and a 200 mA or 500 mA
precision current source based on the Libbrecht-Hall2)
circuit. The laser controller is designed for very fast
current modulation via the servo input enabling high-
speed servo control of the laser's frequency. The
current servo input can accommodate input
frequencies over 10 MHz and is limited by the 1 kΩ
input impedance. Additionally, an RF port is available
for higher frequency modulation.
The range of pole settings for the
T2 temperature control loop
(diode temperature control) for
D2-105 Laser Controllers with
Serial Number 2675 and higher
(Temperature Control Board
Serial Number 6987 and higher)
have been modified to allow the
user to more easily control a low
thermal mass laser assembly
such as a Photodigm TOSA.
Please use the appropriate
instructions in the “Tuning the
Temperature Controller” section
of this manual for your Laser
Controller and laser type.
Always power down the D2-105

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completely before making
connections to the laser. Never
connect or disconnect the
D2-105 to/from a laser with the
D2-105 energized.
Always turn off the power supply,
make connections to this device,
and then re-energize the power
supply. Never connect this
device to a power supply that is
switched on and supplying
power.
As with any diode laser and
controller, improper usage can
cause irreparable damage to the
diode.
If you are considering using an
Uninterruptible Power Supply
(UPS) to guarantee operation of
your Vescent products through a
brown out or black out, great
care should be taken in choosing
the model. Lower cost models
tend to produce modified square
wave voltage profiles. The high-
frequency components of such a
voltage profile may interact
poorly with the D2-005 (and
down-stream active Vescent
modules). If you do choose to
use a UPS, select a model that
will provide a sine wave voltage
profile without higher harmonic
components to avoid potential
damage to your high-value
equipment.
Purchase Includes:
D2-105 Laser Controller
D2-007 Laser Controller Breakout Board
(See figure 1.)
VPN00454 Hirose-to-Hirose Laser

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Temperature Cable (6ft)
VPN00463 SMA-to-SMA Laser Current
Cable (6ft)
VPN00457 Trimpot tweaker (large)
VPN00458 Trimpot tweaker (small)
VPN00456 DB9 Power Cable (1ft)
Fig. 1:
D2-007
Breako
ut
board.
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Note: All modules designed to be operated in laboratory environment
Parameter Rating
Environmental Temperature >15°C and <30°C
Environmental Humidity <60%
Environmental Dew Points <15°C
Specifications
D2-105 D2-105-500 Units
Current Source3)
Current range 0-200 0-500 mA
Current noise density <100 <200 pA /√Hz
RMS Noise (10Hz - 100kHz) <50 <100 nA
RMS Noise (10Hz - 1MHz) <100 <150 nA
RMS Noise (10Hz - 10MHz) <300 <500 nA
Monitor Resolution (Display) 0.1 1 mA
Absolute accuracy 2 2 %
Temperature coefficient <1 <5 μA/°C
Current Servo Input
Input impedance 1000 1000 Ω
Bandwidth >10 >10 MHz
Modulation coefficient 1 1 mA/V
Servo Input Modulation Range ±10 ±10 V
RF Input Bandwidth 0.5 - TBD 0.5 - TBD MHz
Temperature Servo Input
Input impedance 100 100 kΩ

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D2-105 D2-105-500 Units
Temp modulation coefficient
Gain = Low 95 95 mK/V
Gain = High 9,000 9,000 mK/V
Temperature Control
Temperature setpoint range 1-50 1-50 °C
Temperature isolation (T2)4) TBD TBD mK/°C
Long term stability (T2) ~1 ~1 mK/day
Temperature coefficient 5) (controller, T2) TBD TBD mK/°C
Max TEC current (voltage) 1 (4) 1 (4) A (V)
Calibrated to Analog Technologies ATH10KR8
Thermistor 10k Ω
Analog Technologies ATH10KR8 Beta 3480 K
Analog Technologies ATH10KR8 T06) 25 °C
Fig. 2: D2-105 Laser Current Noise Spectrum
Inputs, Outputs, and Controls

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Front and Back Panel of D2-105
Monitor Section
The monitor section contains a 3½ digit display and an output BNC for monitoring by an oscilloscope
or voltmeter. A selector knob controls which of six signals are relayed to the display and BNC. An LED
indicator is below the display to show which signal is being displayed and its units.
Name Symbol Units Resolution
Current I mA 0.1 mA / 1mA7)
Current limit Ilim mA 0.1 mA / 1mA8)
Housing Temperature Set T1set °C 0.1 °C
Housing Temperature Error ∆T1 mK 0.1 mK
Laser Temperature Set T2set °C 0.1 °C
Laser Temperature Error ∆T2 mK 0.1 mK
NOTE: When the Laser Switch is in the “Off / Reset” position, the laser diode is shorted to ground and

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no current is flowing through the laser diode. However, the Current Monitor will read up to 30 mA of
current flowing through the short. This is normal. When the switch is in the “ON” position, the current
monitor accurately measures the current flowing through the laser diode.
The BNC monitor outputs a voltage corresponding to the monitor selection. When monitoring Current
or Current limit, the output is 1V = 1 A and will include the current modulation/servo signal from the
Servo Input connector. When monitoring a Temperature Setpoint, the output is 1mV = 1°C. When
monitoring a Temperature Error, the output is 1V = 1°C.
Current Control
Current Lim (LED)
The current limit indicator lights when the current limit circuit is activated. If the user attempts to set
the current over the current limit setpoint the circuit shunts the excess current through a transistor to
ground
Fine Current (knob)
The fine current adjusts the diode injection current by ½-1 % of the coarse control setting. Use this
control for fine positioning of the laser frequency prior to locking.
Course Current (Scale Dial)
The course current control sets the laser diode injection current between 0 and 200 mA (0 and 500
mA for 500 mA version). To set the current, switch the selector knob in the monitor section so that the
current LED (I) is lit. Then adjust the course current to the desired setting.
Current Limit Set (Trimpot)
The current limit set is a front panel trimpot adjustment. Set the selector knob to the Ilim position and
adjust the trimpot to the desired value. The Current Limit should be set below the maximum current
for the laser diode.
RF Input (BNC)
The RF input is ac coupled to the laser diode through a 10 nF capacitor. Over ~3 MHz the impedance
of this input will approach the ac impedance of the laser diode of ~5 Ω. This input is normally
connected to the RF output from the Laser Servo module, which applies FM sidebands at 4 MHz to the
laser output.
Note: a large voltage transient to this input could possibly cause damage to the laser diode. If you are
connecting other equipment to this input do not exceed 0.25 Vrms from a 50 Ω source or 1 mW of
power.
Current Servo Input (BNC)
The current servo input adds or subtracts current though 1 k Ω connected to the laser diode giving a
modulation coefficient of 1 mA/V. A bias circuit sets the voltage of the current servo input to zero
volts. (Normally, a connection to the laser diode would place this voltage at ~ 2V or equal to the
forward diode drop.) Therefore, leaving the input open or grounded does not alter the current to the
laser diode.

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The bandwidth of the current servo input is >10 MHz.
Laser On (LED indicator)
Turns ON 5 seconds before laser light turns on. If light is on, laser is on (or will be in <5secs).
Laser ON-Off/Reset (switch)
When the switch is in the Off/Reset position, the laser diode is turned off and the laser is shorted to
ground. When flipped into the On position, the Laser ON (LED indicator) will turn on and 5s later, the
laser will turn on. If the laser diode is turned off from the laser enable or remote interlock, this switch
must to placed into the Off/Reset position and then into the ON position to turn the laser back on.
Neither the laser nor the Laser ON (LED indicator) will turn on if any of the following conditions are
true:
The remote interlock is not engaged1.
The key interlock is not engaged2.
The laser diode is shorted3.
The COARSE CURRENT knob is turned all the way down4.
If the LED indicator does not turn on when the Laser ON-OFF/Reset switch is
flipped up, make sure both interlocks are engaged and that the COARSE
CURRENT knob is turned up at least half a turn. If the current is set to 0 mA when
you engage the Laser ON switch, the system detects an open circuit (no current
flowing) and indicates an error. Due to the “soft start” circuitry employed in the
current source, you may safely leave the current at its operating setpoint when
engaging and disengaging the Laser ON switch. The soft start limits the ramp
time of the current to the set point to >300 ms.
If the LED indicator turns on for ~5 seconds and then turns off, check your laser
diode connection to see if it is open (or if the diode is backwards).
Laser Out (SMA)
Always power down the D2-105 completely before making
connections to the laser. Never connect or disconnect the
D2-105 to/from a laser with the D2-105 energized.
Always turn off the power supply, make connections to this
device, and then re-energize the power supply. Never
connect this device to a power supply that is switched on
and supplying power.
As with any diode laser and controller, improper usage can
cause irreparable damage to the diode.
The D2-105 Laser Controller is designed for a grounded
cathode only. If the anode of your laser is connected to the

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laser housing, the housing must be electrically insulated
from ground.
The laser current is output through an SMA connector and returns through the cable shielding to
ground.
Temperature Control
Power (LED indicator)
All electronic modules have a blue LED power indicator on the top right side of the front panel control
section. The LED requires +15V and 5V in order to light.
Temp Status (dual LED indicators)
The temperature status LED indicators turn red whenever the temperature servo loop has been
disengaged. The temperature servo loop will disengage when the temperature is below -1°C, above
50°C, or the thermistor is shorted or open. Additionally, when the TEMP LOCK is in standby mode, the
servo loop is off and the LED's will be red.
The temperature status LED indicators will turn green when the temperature is within a narrow
temperature window of the setpoint. The window is typically set to a 100mK for stage 2 and 500mK
for stage 1 and can be monitored via T4 on the side-panel.
T2 Set (Trimpot)
The temperature of the laser diode (T2) is set with a front panel trimpot. When a D2-100 laser is
purchased with the controller, T2 is factory set to put the laser at the requested wavelength, typically
resonant with hyperfine transitions, and should not need trimming. However, as the diode ages the
user might need to adjust this value. Set the display selector knob to read T2set and set to the desired
value. Note: Before attempting to set the set point temperature, you must connect a thermal plant to
the D2-105. If you do not have a plant attached to the temperature loop, the set point range will
appear to be limited to less than ~12°C.
T1 is also set at the factory and should not require further adjustment. However, the T1 trimpot can
be accessed by removing the right panel from the enclosure. Note: Before attempting to set the set
point temperature, you must connect a thermal plant to the D2-105. If you do not have a plant
attached to the temperature loop, the set point range will appear to be limited to less than ~12°C.
Temp Lock (Dual position switch)
The temperature servo can be placed into standby mode if desired. In this mode no current is
supplied to the TEC elements.
Temp Servo Input (BNC)
The temperature servo input is summed to the T2 temperature set point signal and can be used to
make electronic perturbations to the laser diode temperature. The Temp Servo Input, has two
settings: “Low” and “High” gain. The default settings is “Low” but can be changed by a switch
accessible on the right side panel. See figure 3.

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Fig. 3: Temp control board with T2 Temp Servo Input gain switch circled
When the gain is set to “LOW”, the slope for changing the set point is ~95 mK/V.
When the gain is set to “HIGH”, turn the set point to the lowest desired temperature. Apply a voltage
between -10V and 10V to TEMP SERVO INPUT to adjust the set point temperature. With this
configuration, you can sweep the set point all the way from the low-temperature limit (-1°C) to the
high-temperature limit (58°C). NOTE that the Vescent Photonics Lasers should not be operated above
50°C or below the dew point for your laboratory conditions. The slope for changing the set point is ~9
K/V.
The “Low” mode is designed for slow temperature feedback for long-term (days) stability of the
locked laser. Normally the Temp Servo Input is used to drive the dc value from the Current Servo
Ouput on the Laser Servo to zero over long time scales. In other words, temperature tuning is used to
remove large, slow variations in the laser frequency. To accomplish this, connect the Temp Servo
Output from the Laser Servo module to the Temp Servo Input of the Laser Controller (with TEMP
SERVO INPUT Gain is set to “Low”). This connection is only important if the user is trying to maintain a
laser lock continuously over many days or even weeks. Without feedback to Temp Servo In the Laser
Servo can eventually run out of range.
Laser Temp Output (8-pin connector)
An 8-pin Hirose connector (see table 2 for identity of connectors) carries the signals for the
temperature control of the Laser module. The wiring diagrams are shown in table 1 below, where 1 (2)
refer to stage 1 (2) temperature control, which stabilizes the Laser Housing (Laser Diode). Rth and
Rth_Rtn are the two ends of a 10 kΩ Analog Technologies ATH10KR8 Thermistor.
Pin Signal
1 TEC1+
2 TEC1-

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3 Rth1
4 Rth1-RTN
5 TEC2+
6 TEC2-
7 Rth2
8 Rth2-RTN
Tab. 1: TEC connector pin out
Connector Location Connector (Hirose
Part Number)
D2-105 Bulkhead HR25-7TR-8SA
Cable Connection to
D2-105 HR25-7TP-8P
Cable Connection to
D2-100 HR25-7TP-8S
D2-100 Bulkhead HR25-7TR-8PA
Tab. 2: Connectors used in Temperature Control
Cabling
Back panel I/O
Power I/O (9-pin D-sub)
When making power connections to and from the D2-105,
always turn off the power supply, make connections to the
device, and then re-energize the power supply. Never
connect this device to a power supply that is switched on
and supplying power.
If you are considering using an Uninterruptible Power Supply
(UPS) to guarantee operation of your Vescent products
through a brown out or black out, great care should be taken
in choosing the model. Lower cost models tend to produce
modified square wave voltage profiles. The high-frequency
components of such a voltage profile may interact poorly
with the D2-005 (and down-stream active Vescent modules).
If you do choose to use a UPS, select a model that will
provide a sine wave voltage profile without higher harmonic
components to avoid potential damage to your high-value
equipment.
The power to each electronics module is through a 9-pin D-sub connecter through a power bridge

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unit. The unit can also be powered through any serial cable with 9-pin D-sub connectors, which is
convenient when the unit must be taken out of line for access to the side panels. The pin outs are
shown in the following figure:
While it is infrequent, the D2-005 power supply may occasionally radiate noise from the side of its
chassis onto nearby electronics. This only occurs in some system configurations, and will appear as a
signal at the frequency of your mains electricity (typically either 50 Hz or 60 Hz). This noise can easily
be removed by moving the D2-005 at least 18 inches (45cm) away from other electronics, rotating it
90° such that the sides of the D2-005 face away, or by moving the entire power supply to a different
shelf. To accommodate this, all D2-005's are shipped with a 5' DB9 cable as of January 1, 2022.
Laser Enable
This key-switch is required to be in the enable position for the laser to turn on. Normally, the key is
left in the enable position.
Remote Interlock
The remote interlock can be used to disable the laser diode output via an interlock control. When this
input is shorted the laser diode output is ON. When the input is open the diode output is OFF. If not
used, leave a shorting cap over this BNC. Once the interlock has been tripped, the laser will stay off
until it is manually reset with the front panel switch.
Setpoint In
SETPOINT IN is an analog input. When the SETPOINT ENABLE is LOW (0 V) the SETPOINT IN voltage
value sets the injection current instead of the front panel dial. For current control boards
VPN00153.12 and higher, zero volts sets zero current and 4 V sets the maximum value of 200 mA
(500 mA for 500 mA version). For current control boards with a lower rev than .12 for the VPN00153,
0 to 6 V is 0 to full-scale current.
This input is rolled off at 14 Hz, which is not much higher frequency than the front panel dial, which
rolls off at 8 Hz, with a second pole at 4 Hz. Therefore, noise can enter the circuit at this point and this
input should be used with caution. It is primarily intended for sweeping the current in order to
measure PI curves and threshold values of laser diodes. We do not recommend using this input for
computer control of the injection current.
Setpoint Enable

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SETPOINT ENABLE is a TTL input. 5 V puts the front panel dial in control of the injection current and 0
V gives control to SETPOINT IN.
When disconnected, the SETPOINT ENABLE is at 5 V.
The Servo Input on the front panel continues to function when the SETPOINT ENABLE is pulled low.
Only the Coarse and Fine Current Adjustments are disabled.
Turning on the Laser Diode
In compliance with FDA requirements for a Class 3B laser, the Laser Controller has two safety
interlocks. If either interlock is tripped, the laser will turn off and stay off until the interlocks are reset
AND the laser switch is switched from the “off / reset” position to the “on” position. Additionally, if the
Laser Controller loses power, the laser diode will remain off when power is restored.
To turn on the laser diode, follow these instructions:
Flip the Laser switch into “off/reset” position
Insert the key into the keyhole and rotate the key 90 degrees (keyhole located on back panel)
Place grounding BNC terminator on “Remote Interlock” BNC (located on back panel)
Flip the Laser switch into the “on” position. The green light above the switch should turn on and
after a 5 second delay, the laser will turn on.
Tuning the Temperature Controller
The range of pole settings for the T2 temperature control
loop (diode temperature control) for D2-105 Laser
Controllers with Serial Number 2675 and higher
(Temperature Control Board Serial Number 6987 and higher)
have been modified to allow the user to more easily control a
low thermal mass laser assembly such as a Photodigm TOSA.
Please use the appropriate instructions below for your Laser
Controller.
If you purchased the -FL option for your D2-105, then the T1
loop has the same available pole settings as the T2 loop of
controllers with Serial Number 2675 and higher.
If you purchased the Laser Controller with a Laser Module, then the Laser Controller is properly tuned
for the Laser Module's thermal load and you can skip this section. This section will describe the basic
theory about tuning the temperature servo response and provide step-by-step instructions for tuning
the servo response to your thermal load.
To get good temperature stability, the temperature servo response needs to be tuned to match the
thermal load. Access to tuning the temperature response is provided on the right side panel of the
Laser Controller and requires removing that side panel to access the controls. The Laser Controller
provides two independent temperature controllers that are nominally identical for models with S/N
2674 and below or PCBs with S/N 6986 or below and differ by a factor of 10 in their time constants for
models with S/N 2675 and above or PCBs with S/N 6897 or above. In either case, stage 2 has front

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panel adjustment of the temperature set-point, while the stage 1 temperature set-point is a side-
panel adjustment. Additionally, the front panel TEMP SERVO INPUT adjusts the stage 2 set-point while
stage 1 does not have an equivalent function. Stage 2 is accessed in the middle of the side-panel,
while stage 1 is near the back of the side panel. Typically, stage 2 is used to control the laser
temperature and stage 1 is used to control the temperature surrounding stage 2. In this way
temperature gradients between the laser diode and the thermistor measuring the laser temperature
are stabilized and temperature changes caused by room temperature drift are greatly reduced.
Laser Controller Serial Numbers above 2675, inclusive; Temperature Control Board Serial
Numbers above 6987, inclusive
To reset the temperature loop parameters to the factory settings for a D2-100-DBR Laser:
Set the dip switches to the configuration shown in table 3 and table 4 and figure 4.1.
Measure the resistance across GND5 and probe point GAIN1. Set this resistance to between 3.02.
kΩ and 3.2 kΩ by adjusting trimpot PROPGAIN1.
Measure the resistance across GND5 and probe point GAIN2. Set this resistance to between 1.23.
kΩ and 1.4 kΩ by adjusting trimpot PROPGAIN2.
Fig. 4: Factory settings of T2 (left) and T1 (right) poles for units with S/N 2675 or
higher (PCBs with S/N 6987 and higher)
T2 Prop.
On
0.047
s0.1 s 0.22 s 0.47 s1.0 s 2.2 s 4.7 s
On x x
Off x x x x x x
T2 Diff.
On 0.01 s 0.022 s
0.047
s0.1 s 0.22 s
0.47
s
1.0
s
On x x x
Off x x x x x
Tab. 3: Factory settings of T2 Proportional poles (first DIP

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switch in figure) and T2 Differential poles (second DIP switch
in figure) for units with S/N 2675 or higher (PCBs with S/N
6987 and higher)
T1 Prop.
On 0.47 s 1.0 s 2.2 s 4.7 s 10 s 22 s 47 s
On x
Off x x x x x x x
T1 Diff. On 0.1 s 0.22 s 0.47 s 1.0 s 2.2 s 4.7 s 10 s
On x x x x
Off x x x x
Tab. 4: Factory settings of T1 Proportional poles (third DIP
switch in figure) and T1 Differential poles (fourth DIP switch
in figure) for units with S/N 2675 or higher (PCBs with S/N
6987 and higher)
To reset the temperature loop parameters to the approximate settings for a Photodigm TOSA DBR
Laser:
The T1 loop is not used as the TOSA only has one TEC.1.
Set the T2 dip switches to the configuration shown in table 5.2.
Measure the resistance across GND5 and probe point GAIN2. Set this resistance to between3.
1.01 kΩ and 1.03 kΩ by adjusting trimpot PROPGAIN2.
T2 Prop.
On
0.047
s0.1 s 0.22 s 0.47 s1.0 s 2.2 s 4.7 s
On x
Off x x x x x x x
T2 Diff.
On 0.01 s 0.022 s
0.047
s0.1 s 0.22 s
0.47
s
1.0
s
On x x
Off x x x x x x
Tab. 5: Factory settings of T2 Proportional poles (first DIP
switch in figure) and T2 Differential poles (second DIP switch
in figure) for units with S/N 2675 or higher (PCBs with S/N
6987 and higher) when using a Photodigm TOSA DBR Laser
Laser Controller Serial Numbers 2674 and below; Temperature Control Board Serial
Numbers below 6987
To reset the temperature loop parameters to the factory settings:
Set the dip switches to the configuration shown in table 6 and table 7 and figure 5.1.
Measure the resistance at probe points GAIN1 and GAIN2. Set GAIN1 and GAIN2 between 715 Ω2.
and 785 Ω by adjusting trimpot PROPGAIN1 and PROPGAIN2, respectively.

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Fig. 5: Factory settings of T2 (left) and T1 (right) poles
T2 Prop.
On 0.47 s 1.0 s 2.2 s 4.7 s 10 s 22 s 47 s
On x
Off x x x x x x x
T2 Diff. On 0.1 s 0.22 s 0.47 s 1.0 s 2.2 s 4.7 s 10 s
On x x x
Off x x x x x
Tab. 6: Factory settings of T2 Proportional poles (first DIP
switch in figure) and T2 Differential poles (second DIP switch
in figure)
T1 Prop.
On 0.47 s 1.0 s 2.2 s 4.7 s 10 s 22 s 47 s
On x
Off x x x x x x x
T1 Diff. On 0.1 s 0.22 s 0.47 s 1.0 s 2.2 s 4.7 s 10 s
On x x x x
Off x x x x
Tab. 7: Factory settings of T1 Proportional poles (third DIP
switch in figure) and T1 Differential poles (fourth DIP switch
in figure)
To get good temperature stability, the temperature servo response needs to be tuned to match the
thermal load. Access to tuning the temperature response is provided on the right side panel of the
Laser Controller and requires removing that side panel to access the controls. The Laser Controller
provides two independent temperature controllers that are nominally identical. However, stage 2 has
front panel adjustment of the temperature set-point, while the stage 1 temperature set-point is a side-
panel adjustment. Additionally, the front panel TEMP SERVO INPUT adjusts the stage 2 set-point while

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stage 1 does not have an equivalent function. Stage 2 is accessed in the middle of the side-panel,
while stage 1 is near the back of the side panel. Typically, stage 2 is used to control the laser
temperature and stage 1 is used to control the temperature surrounding stage 2. In this way
temperature gradients between the laser diode and the thermistor measuring the laser temperature
are stabilized and temperature changes caused by room temperature drift are greatly reduced.
Transfer Function and Poles
Each stage of temperature control has a transfer function shown below:
The two poles (ω1 and ω2) and the overall gain can be adjusted using trimpots and click-switches on
the side panel. The first pole (ω1) is the Proportional-Integrator (PI) pole, or the frequency where the
gain switches from being an integrator to proportional. The second pole (ω2) is the Differential (D)
pole, or the frequency where the gain becomes differential. The final (non-adjustable) pole (ω3) is
where the differential gain ends and the gain becomes proportional again and is internally set to
twenty-five times ω2.

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Product Manuals - https://www.vescent.com/manuals/
Fig.
6: Side Panel Adjustment of Poles for D2-105
User Control of the Poles and Gain
If you remove the right side panel on the Laser Controller, for each stage of temperature control, you
will see the panel shown in figure 6. The set of click switches labeled “Integral” controls the PI (ω1)
pole. Clicking the first switch, labeled “proportional,” into the on position removes the integral gain
(but not the differential gain). If the “proportional” switch is in the off position (integral gain is now
on), then the sum of the times for all switches in the on position gives the RC time-constant for the PI
pole. For example, if the 2nd (0.47s) switch and the 4th (2.2s) switch are in the on position (and the rest
off), then the time constant is 2.7s and ω1 = 1/2.7s = 0.37 Hz.
Similarly, the switches labeled “Differential” control the D (ω2) pole. If the first switch, labeled “Diff
On” is in the off position, then there is no differential pole. If the “Diff On” switch is on, then the D
pole has an RC time-constant given by the sum of the times of all the switches in the on position,
same as with the Integral bank of switches.
The “PROPGAIN” trimpot tunes the overall gain of the system and is adjustable by a factor of 200.
Additionally, the TSET1 trimpot is used to adjust the set-point temperature for stage 1 (stage 2 is
controlled on the front panel).
The “STBY / SERVO” switch can disable temperature controller for either stage by placing the switch
into STBY (standby) mode. In this mode, a red light will be shown on the front-panel to show that the
stage has been disabled.
Tuning the Thermal Loop
Although there are numerous methods for tuning the loop parameters, these instructions will use the
Ziegler-Nichols tuning method.
For nested stages (one stage is inside a housing whose temperature is controlled by another stage),
we recommend tuning the outside stage first with the inside stage turned off. Then tune the inside
stage while the outside stage is turned on. For the stage directly controlling the laser temperature, we
recommend running the tuning procedure while the laser is on. For each stage, follow the steps below
to tune the plants according to the Ziegler-Nichols tuning method:
Connect thermal load to Laser Controller.1.

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Place Loop in proportional-only mode: Switch labeled “Proportional” is on, switch labeled “Diff2.
On” is off.
Turn the gain all the way down (trimpot labeled “PROPGAIN” all the way CCW).3.
Turn on temperature loop.4.
Adjust set-point to approximately desired temperature.5.
Turn up the gain. Keep increasing the gain until the temperature error (front panel BNC) just6.
starts to oscillate or ring with very little damping. If oscillation too large, reduce gain. Measure
the period of oscillation.
Turn off the Laser Controller. Measure resistance between “GAIN” testpoint and “GND”7.
testpoint. Turn down the “PROPGRAIN” until this resistance reads 1.7 times less than its original
value (i.e. from 500Ω to 295Ω).
Take the measured oscillation period in step 6 and divide by two. Set the Integrator time8.
constant to this value. For instance, if you measured a period of oscillation of 14 seconds, turn
on the 4th (2.2s) and 5th (4.7s) switches in the integrator bank, to get a time constant of 6.9s.
Turn off the “proportional” switch.9.
[Old models only] Turn the “DiffGain” trimpot all the way CW. (“DiffGain” not adjustable on10.
newer models.)
Set the “Differential” switches to the same position as the “integral” one. This works out to11.
setting a D time constant roughly equal to 1/8 of the period of oscillation. For the previous
example, set the 4th (0.47s) and 5th (1.0s) switches on to get a time constant of 1.5s.
Turn on the “Diff On” switch.12.
Your thermal loop is now tuned. The “proportional” switch will remain in the off position for13.
most plants. Power up the Laser Controller and wait for the temperature to stabilize. Change the
setpoint and observe the temperature error and verify that the oscillations are damped and the
temperature stabilizes. You may be able to get better performance by tweaking the poles and
gain.
NOTE: Depending on the thermal design, nested temperature loops can fight each other, causing
oscillations and instability. If you observe this, you will need to reduce the gain and/or increase the
time-constants on the slower stage.
Tuning Temperature Loop for Photodigm Mercury Lasers if you have an older D2-105
If you have a D2-105 with S/N 2674 or lower (PCBs with S/N 6986 and lower), then you may still be
able to tune the parameters of the loop to stably control the temperature of the TOSA by following the
protocol below:
If you are using the D2-105 laser controller to drive a Photodigm Mercury laser in a TOSA package,
the following may be helpful as a starting point for setting the thermal control loop parameters.9)
Refer to figure 6.
Set the Integral pole with S2 bank to:
Proportional = OFF
Time Constant = 0.47 seconds
Set the Differential pole with S3 bank to:
DIFF ON = ON
Time Constant = 0.1 seconds
Start with the PROPGAIN potentiometer all the way CCW and then slowly turn it CW until the
temperature stabilizes. BE VERY CAUTIOUS WITH THIS STEP! The TOSA TEC is very responsive
(capable of more than 50°C/s rate of change) and will take off quickly.

2021/12/18 07:41 19/19 Laser Controller
Product Manuals - https://www.vescent.com/manuals/
If the Temperature with the above TIME settings begins to run away, then quickly turn the
“PROPGAIN” Potentiometer CCW until it stabilizes.
We use Photodigm Spectroscopy-CertifiedTM DBR lasers.
1)
Sub-mK stability requires a proper thermal design and proper tuning of the temperature controller to
the thermal plant. If you did not purchase a D2-100 Diode Laser with your Laser Controller, please
read the section on tuning the temperature controller.
2)
Libbrecht and Hall, A Low-Noise, High-Speed Current Controller, Rev. Sci. Inst. 64, pp. 2133-2135
(1993).
3)
Best noise performance obtained with Laser Controller powered by D2-005 placed 5 ft away from
Laser Controller. Placing D2-005 closer to Laser Controller may increase 60 (50) Hz noise and
harmonics. Specifications not guaranteed when Laser Controller is powered by device other than
D2-005, or when placed near other noise sources.
4)
Laser module temperature changed while Laser Controller module held fixed.
5)
Laser module temperature fixed while Laser Controller temperature change.
6)
Temperature at which thermistor reads 10 kΩ
7) , 8)
1mA resolution with D2-105-500
9)
Courtesy of Photodigm
From:
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