virtual access GW2021 User manual

GW2020 Series User Manual
Issue:
2.1
Date:
01 February 2018

Table of Contents
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© Virtual Access 2018
GW2020 Series User Manual
Issue: 2.1 Page 2 of 423
1Introduction .................................................................................................9
1.1 Document scope .......................................................................................9
1.2 Using this documentation...........................................................................9
2GW2020 Series router hardware specification............................................12
2.2 Hardware features .................................................................................. 12
2.3 Serial ports on the GW2020 Series router .................................................. 12
2.4 GSM and LTE technology.......................................................................... 14
2.5 Power supply.......................................................................................... 14
2.6 GW2020 Series router power supply options .............................................. 14
2.7 GW2020 Series router environmental conditions......................................... 15
2.8 GW2020 Series router dimensions............................................................. 15
2.9 GW2020 Series router compliance............................................................. 15
2.10 Operating temperature range ................................................................... 15
2.11 Antenna................................................................................................. 15
2.12 Components........................................................................................... 15
2.13 Inserting a SIM card................................................................................ 16
2.14 Connecting the SIM lock .......................................................................... 16
2.15 Connecting cables................................................................................... 16
2.16 Connecting the antenna........................................................................... 17
2.17 Powering up the GW2020 Series router...................................................... 17
2.18 Reset button .......................................................................................... 17
2.19 Recovery mode....................................................................................... 17
3GW2020 Series router LED behaviour.........................................................18
3.1 Main LED behaviour................................................................................. 18
3.2 GW2020 Ethernet port LED behaviour ....................................................... 19
4Factory configuration extraction from SIM card .........................................20
5Accessing the router...................................................................................21
5.1Configuration packages used.................................................................... 21
5.2 Accessing the router over Ethernet using the web interface.......................... 21
5.3 Accessing the router over Ethernet using an SSH client ............................... 22
5.4 Accessing the router over Ethernet using a Telnet client .............................. 23
5.5 Configuring the password......................................................................... 23
5.6 Configuring the password using the web interface....................................... 23
5.7 Configuring the password using UCI.......................................................... 24
5.8 Configuring the password using package options......................................... 24
5.9 Accessing the device using RADIUS authentication...................................... 25
5.10 Accessing the device using TACACS+ authentication ................................... 26
5.11 SSH ...................................................................................................... 29
5.12 Package dropbear using UCI..................................................................... 31
5.13 Certs and private keys............................................................................. 32

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5.14 Configuring a router’s web server ............................................................. 33
5.15 Basic authentication (httpd conf) .............................................................. 38
5.16 Securing uhttpd...................................................................................... 39
5.17 Displaying custom information via login screen........................................... 39
6Router file structure ...................................................................................41
6.1 System information................................................................................. 41
6.2 Identify your software version .................................................................. 42
6.3 Image files............................................................................................. 43
6.4 Directory locations for UCI configuration files ............................................. 43
6.5 Viewing and changing current configuration ............................................... 43
6.6 Configuration file syntax .......................................................................... 44
6.7 Managing configurations .......................................................................... 44
6.8 Exporting a configuration file.................................................................... 45
6.9 Importing a configuration file ................................................................... 46
7Using the Command Line Interface.............................................................50
7.1 Overview of some common commands ...................................................... 50
7.2 Using Unified Configuration Interface (UCI)................................................ 53
7.3 Configuration files................................................................................... 58
7.4 Configuration file syntax .......................................................................... 58
8Upgrading router firmware.........................................................................60
8.1 Software versions ................................................................................... 60
8.2 Upgrading firmware using CLI .................................................................. 66
9System settings..........................................................................................69
9.1 Configuration package used ..................................................................... 69
9.2 Configuring system properties .................................................................. 69
9.3 System settings using UCI ....................................................................... 73
9.4 System diagnostics ................................................................................. 74
10 Configuring an Ethernet interface...............................................................76
10.1 Configuration packages used.................................................................... 76
10.2 Configuring an Ethernet interface using the web interface............................ 76
10.3 Interface configuration using UCI.............................................................. 88
10.4 Configuring port maps............................................................................. 91
10.5 Port map packages.................................................................................. 91
10.6 Interface diagnostics ............................................................................... 93
11 Configuring VLAN .......................................................................................95
11.1 Maximum number of VLANs supported ...................................................... 95
11.2 Configuration package used ..................................................................... 95
11.3 Configuring VLAN using the web interface .................................................. 95
11.4 Viewing VLAN interface settings................................................................ 98
11.5 Configuring VLAN using the UCI interface................................................... 99

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12 Configuring a mobile connection ..............................................................100
12.1 Configuration package used ................................................................... 100
12.2 Configuring a mobile connection using the web interface............................ 100
12.3 Configuring a mobile connection using CLI ............................................... 106
12.4Diagnositcs .......................................................................................... 107
13 Configuring mobile manager.....................................................................111
13.1 Configuration package used ................................................................... 111
13.2 Configuring mobile manager using the web interface................................. 111
13.3 Configuring mobile manager using command line...................................... 116
13.4 Monitoring SMS .................................................................................... 117
13.5 Sending SMS from the router ................................................................. 118
13.6 Sending SMS to the router ..................................................................... 118
14 Configuring a GRE interface......................................................................119
14.1 Configuration packages used.................................................................. 119
14.2 Creating a GRE connection using the web interface ................................... 119
14.3 GRE configuration using command line .................................................... 124
14.4 GRE configuration using UCI................................................................... 124
14.5 GRE configuration using package options................................................. 124
14.6 GRE diagnostics.................................................................................... 125
15 Configuring static routes ..........................................................................127
15.1 Configuration package used ................................................................... 127
15.2 Configuring static routes using the web interface ...................................... 127
15.3 Configuring IPv6 routes using the web interface ....................................... 128
15.4 Configuring routes using command line ................................................... 128
15.5 IPv4 routes using UCI............................................................................ 129
15.6 IPv4 routes using package options .......................................................... 130
15.7 IPv6 routes using UCI............................................................................ 130
15.8 IPv6 routes using packages options......................................................... 130
15.9 Static routes diagnostics........................................................................ 131
16 Configuring BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) ............................................132
16.1 Configuration package used ................................................................... 132
16.2 Configuring BGP using the web interface.................................................. 132
16.3 Configuring BGP using UCI..................................................................... 135
16.4 Configuring BGP using packages options.................................................. 136
16.5 View routes statistics............................................................................. 137
17 Configuring OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) ...........................................138
17.1 Introduction ......................................................................................... 138
17.2 Configuration package used ................................................................... 143
17.3 Configuring OSPF using the web interface ................................................ 144
17.4 Configuring OSPF using the command line ............................................... 147

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17.5 OSPF using UCI .................................................................................... 148
17.6 OSPF using package options................................................................... 149
17.7 OSPF diagnostics .................................................................................. 150
17.8 Quagga/Zebra console........................................................................... 151
18 Configuring VRRP .....................................................................................157
18.1 Overview ............................................................................................. 157
18.2 Configuration package used ................................................................... 157
18.3 Configuring VRRP using the web interface................................................ 157
18.4 Configuring VRRP using command line..................................................... 161
19 Configuring Routing Information Protocol (RIP) ......................................164
19.1 Introduction ......................................................................................... 164
19.2 Configuration package used ................................................................... 165
19.3 Configuring RIP using the web interface................................................... 166
19.4 Configuring RIP using command line ....................................................... 170
19.5 RIP diagnostics..................................................................................... 174
20 Configuring Multi-WAN .............................................................................178
20.1 Configuration package used ................................................................... 178
20.2 Configuring Multi-WAN using the web interface......................................... 178
20.3 Configuring Multi-WAN using UCI............................................................ 182
20.4 Multi-WAN diagnostics........................................................................... 184
21 Automatic operator selection....................................................................186
21.1 Configuration package used ................................................................... 186
21.2 Configuring automatic operator selection via the web interface................... 186
21.3 Configuring via UCI............................................................................... 210
21.4 Configuring no PMP + roaming using UCI................................................. 214
21.5 Automatic operator selection diagnostics via the web interface ................... 216
21.6 Automatic operator selection diagnostics via UCI ...................................... 218
22 Configuring Connection Watch (cwatch) ..................................................221
22.1 Configuration package used ................................................................... 221
22.2 Configuring Connection Watch using the web interface .............................. 221
22.3 Configuring cwatch using command line................................................... 223
22.4 cwatch diagnostics ................................................................................ 224
23 Configuring DHCP server and DNS (Dnsmasq)..........................................225
23.1 Configuration package used ................................................................... 225
23.2 Configuring DHCP and DNS using the web interface .................................. 225
23.3 Configuring DHCP and DNS using UCI...................................................... 233
23.4 Configuring DHCP pools using UCI........................................................... 235
23.5 Configuring static leases using UCI.......................................................... 236
24 Configuring DHCP client............................................................................237
24.1 Configuration packages used.................................................................. 237

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24.2 Configuring DHCP client using the web interface ....................................... 237
24.3 Configuring DHCP client using command line............................................ 243
24.4 DHCP client diagnostics ......................................................................... 244
25 Configuring DHCP forwarding...................................................................247
25.1 Configuration packages used.................................................................. 247
25.2 Configuring DHCP forwarding using the web interface................................ 247
25.3 Configuring DHCP forwarding using command line .................................... 248
25.4 DHCP forwarding over IPSec................................................................... 249
25.5 DHCP forwarding diagnostics.................................................................. 252
26 Configuring Dynamic DNS.........................................................................254
26.1 Overview ............................................................................................. 254
26.2 Configuration packages used.................................................................. 254
26.3 Configuring Dynamic DNS using the web interface .................................... 254
26.4 Dynamic DNS using UCI......................................................................... 256
27 Configuring hostnames.............................................................................258
27.1 Overview ............................................................................................. 258
27.2 Local host file records............................................................................ 258
27.3 PTR records.......................................................................................... 260
27.4 Static leases......................................................................................... 262
28 Configuring firewall..................................................................................265
28.1 Configuration package used ................................................................... 265
28.2 Configuring firewall using the web interface ............................................. 265
28.3 Configuring firewall using UCI................................................................. 277
28.4 IPv6 notes ........................................................................................... 280
28.5 Implications of DROP vs. REJECT ............................................................ 280
28.6 Connection tracking .............................................................................. 281
28.7 Firewall examples ................................................................................. 281
29 Configuring IPSec.....................................................................................289
29.1 Configuration package used ................................................................... 289
29.2 Configuring IPSec using the web interface................................................ 289
29.3 Configuring IPSec using UCI................................................................... 298
29.4 Configuring an IPSec template for DMVPN via the web interface ................. 302
29.5 Configuring an IPSec template to use with DMVPN.................................... 309
29.6 IPSec diagnostics using the web interface ................................................ 311
29.7 IPSec diagnostics using UCI ................................................................... 311
30 Dynamic Multipoint Virtual Private Network (DMVPN) .............................312
30.1 Prerequisites for configuring DMVPN........................................................ 312
30.2 Advantages of using DMVPN................................................................... 312
30.3 DMVPN scenarios .................................................................................. 313
30.4 Configuration packages used.................................................................. 315

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30.5 Configuring DMVPN using the web interface ............................................. 315
30.6 DMVPN diagnostics................................................................................ 317
31 Configuring multicasting using PIM and IGMP interfaces .........................320
31.1 Overview ............................................................................................. 320
31.2 Configuration package used ................................................................... 320
31.3 Configuring PIM and IGMP using the web interface.................................... 320
31.4 Configuring PIM and IGMP using UCI ....................................................... 322
32 QoS: VLAN 802.1Q PCP tagging ................................................................324
32.1 Configuring VLAN PCP tagging................................................................ 324
33 QoS: type of service..................................................................................327
33.1 QoS configuration overview.................................................................... 327
33.2 Configuration packages used.................................................................. 327
33.3 Configuring QoS using the web interface.................................................. 327
33.4 Configuring QoS using UCI..................................................................... 329
33.5 Example QoS configurations................................................................... 332
34 Management configuration settings .........................................................333
34.1 Activator.............................................................................................. 333
34.2 Monitor................................................................................................ 333
34.3 Configuration packages used.................................................................. 333
34.4 Autoload: boot up activation................................................................... 334
34.5 Autoload packages................................................................................ 334
34.6 Autoload using UCI ............................................................................... 337
34.7 HTTP Client: configuring activation using the web interface........................ 338
34.8 Httpclient: Activator configuration using UCI ............................................ 341
34.9 Httpclient: Activator configuration using package options........................... 341
34.10 User management using UCI............................................................... 342
34.11 Configuring the management user password using UCI........................... 343
34.12 Configuring management user password using package options............... 344
34.13 User management using UCI............................................................... 344
34.14 User management using package options ............................................. 344
34.15 Configuring user access to specific web pages ....................................... 345
35 Configuring Monitor..................................................................................346
35.1 Introduction ......................................................................................... 346
35.2 Reporting device status to Monitor .......................................................... 346
35.3 Reporting GPS location to Monitor........................................................... 352
35.4 Reporting syslog to Monitor.................................................................... 353
35.5 Configuring ISAD .................................................................................. 355
36 Configuring SNMP.....................................................................................358
36.1 Configuration package used ................................................................... 358
36.2 Configuring SMNP using the web interface................................................ 358

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36.3 Configuring SNMP using command line .................................................... 364
36.4 Configuring SNMP interface alias with static SNMP index............................ 370
36.5 SNMP diagnostics.................................................................................. 372
37 Event system ............................................................................................374
37.1 Configuration package used ................................................................... 374
37.2 Event system overview.......................................................................... 374
37.3 Configuring the event system using the web interface ............................... 375
37.4 Configuring the event system using command line.................................... 386
37.5 Event system diagnostics....................................................................... 394
38 Configuring data usage monitor ...............................................................398
38.1 Introduction ......................................................................................... 398
38.2 Configuration package used ................................................................... 398
38.3 Configuring data usage using the web interface ........................................ 398
38.4 Data usage status................................................................................. 401
38.5 Data usage diagnostics.......................................................................... 401
39 Configuring Terminal Server.....................................................................403
39.1 Overview ............................................................................................. 403
39.2 Configuration packages used.................................................................. 403
39.3 Configuring Terminal Server using the web interface ................................. 403
39.4 Terminal Server using UCI ..................................................................... 414
39.5 Terminal Server using package options.................................................... 414
39.6 Terminal server DSR signal management based on network configuration.... 414
39.7 Terminal Server diagnostics ................................................................... 416
40 Configuring terminal package...................................................................419
40.1 Configuration packages used.................................................................. 419
40.2 Configuring terminal package using the web interface ............................... 419
40.3 Configuring terminal package using UCI................................................... 419
40.4 Configuring terminal using package options.............................................. 420
40.5 Terminal diagnostics.............................................................................. 420
41 Serial interface .........................................................................................421
41.1 Overview ............................................................................................. 421
41.2 Monitoring serial interfaces using the web interface................................... 421
41.3 Monitoring serial interfaces using command line ....................................... 422

1: Introduction
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© Virtual Access 2018
GW2020 Series User Manual
Issue: 2.1 Page 9 of 423
1Introduction
This user manual describes the features and how to configure the range of Virtual Access
routers in the GW2020 Series.
The Virtual Access GW2020 Series routers are arrange of versatile 3G/LTE/CDMA450
wireless routers suitable for a variety of business and industrial deployments. The
compact and rugged structure makes a suitable product for deployments in M2M
applications such as CCTV, ATM, telemetry, SCADA, retail (POS), digital signage, and
intelligent traffic systems. The product line supports the following radio access
technologies: HSPA+, HSPA, UMTS, EDGE, CDMA450, GPRS and GSM.
3G is the third generation of mobile phone standards and technology. It is based on the
International Telecommunication Union (ITU) family of standards under the International
Mobile Telecommunications programme, IMT-2000.
4G is a mobile communications standard intended to replace 3G, allowing wireless
internet access at a much higher speed.
3G and 4G technologies enable network operators to offer users a wider range of more
advanced services, while achieving greater network capacity through improved spectral
efficiency. Services include wide-area wireless voice telephony, video calls, and
broadband wireless data, all in a mobile environment.
1.1 Document scope
This document covers the following models in the GW2020 Series.
GW2021: 1 x Ethernet and 3G, 4G/LTE
GW2022: 2 x Ethernet and 3G, 4G/LTE
GW2023: 2 x Ethernet, 3G, 4G/LTE and dual RS232
GW2024:
2 x Ethernet, 3G, 4G/LTE, single RS232 and single RS485
1.2 Using this documentation
You can configure your router using either the router’s web interface or via the command
line using UCI commands. Each chapter explains first the web interface settings,
followed by how to configure the router using UCI. The web interface screens are shown
along with a path to the screen for example, ‘In the top menu, select Service ->
SNMP.’ followed by a screen grab.
After the screen grab there is an information table that describes each of the screen’s
fields.

1: Introduction
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1.2.1 Information tables
We use information tables to show the different ways to configure the router using the
router’s web and command line. The left-hand column shows three options:
Web: refers the command on the router’s web page,
UCI: shows the specific UCI command, and
Opt: shows the package option.
The right-hand column shows a description field that describes the feature’s field or
command and shows any options for that feature.
Some features have a drop-down menu and the options are described in a table within
the description column. The default value is shown in a grey cell.
Values for enabling and disabling a feature are varied throughout the web interface, for
example, 1/0; Yes/No; True/False; check/uncheck a radio button. In the table
descriptions, we use 0to denote Disable and 1to denote Enable.
Some configuration sections can be defined more than once. An example of this is the
routing table where multiple routes can exist and all are named ‘route’. For these
sections, the UCI command will have a code value [0] or [x] (where x is the section
number) to identify the section.
Web Field/UCI/Package Option
Description
Web: Metric
UCI: network.@route[0].metric
Opt: metric
Specifies the route metric to use.
Note: these sections can be given a label for identification when using UCI or package
options.
network.@route[0]=route
network.@route[0].metric=0
can be witten as:
network.routename=route
network.routename.metric=0
However the documentation usually assumes that a section label is not configured.
The table below shows fields from a variety of chapters to illustrate the explanations
above.