3B SCIENTIFIC 1009934 User manual

3B SCIENTIFIC® PHYSICS
1
Basic Hall Effect Apparatus 1009934
Instruction manual
11/23 ALF/UD
1 Decoupled measurement outputs (4-mm-safety
sockets)
2 Earth socket
3 Power supply input, 12 V AC/3A
4 4-mm plugs for insertion into supplied U-shaped
holder
5 Trimmer for sample current
6 Sample fixture
7 Measurement outputs, 4-mm safety sockets
8 Trimmer for Hall voltage compensation
9 Trimmer for temperature
10 Decoupled measurement outputs (8-pin mini-
DIN sockets)
11 Display
12 Fixture for magnetic field sensor
13 Buttons for changing display
1. Safety instructions
The equipment conforms to safety regulations for
electrical measuring instruments and control and la-
boratory equipment as per DIN EN 61010, part 1
and is designed to conform to protection class 3. It
is intended for use in dry rooms which are suitable
for the use of electrical equipment.
 If the equipment can no longer be operated
without hazards arising, it should immediately
be withdrawn from use.
 Do not expose the equipment to high humidity,
extreme temperatures or severe shocks.
 Before using the equipment, read the instruc-
tion manual in order to avoid damage to the
equipment or injury to users.
The board with the sample can become very hot
when in operation (170°C) so that there is a risk of
burns.
 Before removing the circuit board, allow it suf-
ficient time to cool.

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2. Description
The Hall effect basic apparatus provides contacts
and power supply for the circuit boards with a ger-
manium crystal (1008522, 1009810 and
1009760), also holding them in place in experi-
ments measuring the Hall effect and how it de-
pends on temperature, magnetic field or sample
current, as well as experiments on electrical con-
ductivity.
The apparatus contains an adjustable constant
current source for the sample current, a measure-
ment amplifier with offset compensation for the
Hall voltage and adjustable heating for samples.
The heating automatically cuts out at 170°C to pro-
tect fragile germanium crystals. Hall voltage, sam-
ple current, sample voltage and temperature can
all be read off from the display, which can be
switched between these various modes. In addi-
tion, Hall voltage and sample voltage can be
tapped directly via contacts on the front, and three
voltage equivalents for Hall voltage or sample volt-
age, sample current and sample temperature on
the side. On the right-hand side of the case there
are three mini-DIN sockets for computer-based
measurement of the quantities mentioned above.
The equipment is set up on the U-shaped core of
the multi-piece transformer kit. The magnetic field
can be measured using a magnetic field sensor
adjacent to the crystal.
3. Contents
1 Hall effect basic apparatus
1 U-shaped holder
2 Connector leads with 8-pin mini-DIN plugs
1 Instruction manual
4. Controls
4.1 Decoupled measurement outputs for
measuring voltage equivalents for quan-
tities
Fig.1: Measurement outputs using 4-mm sockets and 8-
pin mini-DIN sockets
a/e Hall voltage/sample voltage*
b/f Sample current
c/g Sample temperature
d Earth socket
*only if UP is being displayed, otherwise it outputs
the Hall voltage
4.2 Measurement outputs for direct measure-
ment
Fig. 2: Measurement outputs for direct measurement
h1, h2 Sample voltage
i1, i2 Hall voltage
 Caution: do not any apply an external voltage
to the measurement outputs!
4.3 Buttons for switching display and corre-
sponding LEDs
Fig. 3: Buttons for switching display
k Hall voltage or sample voltage (Hold down
for 2 s to display sample voltage)
l Sample current
m Sample temperature

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5. Technical data
Power supply:
max. 12 V AC, 3 A via 4-mm safety sockets
Constant current source for sample current:
Current: 0 to ±34 mA, tol.: ±1 mA
Display precision: ±2.5 %
Display resolution: 0.1 mA
Measurement output: IP = Umeas * 0.1 A/V
Hall voltage and compensation:
Display: 0 to ±199.9 mV
Display precision: ±2.5%
Display resolution: 0.1 mV
Compensation: ±10 mV, tol.: +5 mV
Measurement output: UH = Umeas * 0.1
Sample voltage:
Display: 0 to ±1.999 V
Display precision: ±2.5%
Display resolution: 1 mV
Measurement output: UP = Umeas
Sample temperature:
Range: T0 to 170°C, tol.: ±3°C
Display precision: ±2%
Display resolution: 0.1 °C
Measurement output: T (°C) = Umeas * 100/V
Attachment for circuit boards:
Connector: Multi-pin socket
Outputs:
Hall voltage: 4-mm safety sockets
Voltage drop across
germanium crystal: 4-mm safety sockets
Voltage equivalents: 4-mm safety sockets
8-pin mini-DIN sockets
General data:
Dimensions: 180x110x50 mm approx.
Weight: 0.5 kg approx.
6. Operation
6.1 Experiment set-up for uniform magnetic
field and attachment of circuit boards
The following equipment is necessary to set up a
uniform magnetic field:
1 P-Doped Germanium on Circuit Board 1009810
or
1 N-Doped Germanium on Circuit Board 1009760
or
1 Undoped Germanium on Circuit Board 1008522
1 U Core D 1000979
1 Pair of Pole Shoes and Clamping Brackets D
for Hall Effect 1009935
2 Coils D with 600 Turns 1000988
1 Magnetic field sensor FW ± 2000 mT 1021766
Fig. 4: Set-up on U-shaped core with coils, pole
pieces and U-shaped holder
 Place the U-shaped core on a stable, level
surface.
 Place coils over the core in such a way that
their connectors are facing the front.
 Insert the U-shaped holder all the way into
the hole in the U-shaped core and secure it in
place with the knurled screw.
 Place the pole pieces on the legs of the core
and secure them in place with clamps (see
Fig. 4).
 Insert the circuit board into the attachment on
the console until the contact pins slot into the
multi-pin socket. Make sure the circuit board
is correctly aligned (see Fig. 5).
 Insert the console with the circuit board at-
tached onto the U-shaped holder. Make sure
the board is held parallel with the U-shaped
core. You may need to turn the U-shaped
holder slightly (see Fig. 6).
 Insert the magnetic field sensor into the cor-
responding attachment on the console.
 Undo the clamps and move the pole pieces
as far as the spacers on the circuit board
(make sure the board does not get warped)
(see Fig. 7/8).
Fig. 5: Insertion of circuit board

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Fig. 6: Console inserted onto U-shaped holder
Fig. 7: Set-up with magnetic field sensor, side view
Fig. 8: Set-up with magnetic field sensor, front view
7. Experiments
7.1 Measurement of Hall voltage as a func-
tion of magnetic flux density B, tempera-
ture T or sample current I for n- or p-
doped germanium
The following equipment is needed for the exper-
iments:
1 Transformer with Rectifier 12 V, 3 A @230 V
1003316
or
1 Transformer with Rectifier 12 V, 3 A @115 V
1003315
1 DC Power Supply 20 V, 5 A @230 V 1003312
or
1 DC Power Supply, 20 V, 5 A @115 V 1003311
1 Set of 15 Safety Experiment Leads, 75 cm
1002843
1 Sensor Cable 1021514
1 Data logger
1 Software
More information about digital measurement can
be found on the product's webpage in the 3B
Webshop.
 Complete the experiment set-up as shown in
Fig. 9.
 Connect the AC output of the transformer to
the input sockets for the power supply and set
an output voltage of 12 V.
 Connect the coils to the DC power supply.
 Connect the magnetic field sensor to the data
logger.
 Select sample current IP (for max. sample
current see instruction manual for germanium
crystal), select the Hall voltage on the con-
sole and adjust the zero point for the Hall volt-
age with the help of the compensation trim-
mer.
7.1.1 Hall voltage as a function of sample current IP
 Turn on the DC power supply and set it up as
a constant current source
 Select magnetic flux density B or coil current
and record the Hall voltage UH as a function
of the sample current IP.
 For your measurement plots, see the manual
for the relevant circuit boards.

3B Scientific GmbH ▪ Ludwig-Erhard-Straße 20 ▪ 20459 Hamburg ▪ Germany ▪ www.3bscientific.com
Subject to technical amendments
© Copyright 2023 3B Scientific GmbH
Fig. 9: Experiment set-up for investigating the Hall effect with a uniform magnetic field
7.1.2 Hall voltage as a function of magnetic flux
density B
 Select a constant sample current, e.g. 20 mA.
 Vary the magnetic flux density B by changing
the current through the coils and record the
corresponding Hall voltage UH.
 For your measurement plots, see the manual
for the relevant circuit boards.
7.1.3 Hall voltage as a function of temperature T
 Select magnetic flux density B or coil current.
 Switch on the heating controller and record
the Hall voltage UH as a function of tempera-
ture.
 It is recommended that the sample be heated
to 170°C and to write down the Hall voltage
as it cools down.
 Turn on the heating controller and record the
Hall voltage UH as a function of temperature.
 For your measurement plots, see the manual
for the relevant circuit boards.
7.2 Measurement of conductivity as a func-
tion of temperature T
The following equipment is needed for the ex-
periments:
1 Transformer with Rectifier 12 V, 3 A @230 V
1003316
or
1 Transformer with Rectifier 12 V, 3 A @115 V
1003315
 Select a small sample current IP. Since the
current will cause the sample to heat up, you
should not exceed a current of 5mA.
 Switch the display to sample voltage.
 Turn on the heating controller and record the
sample voltage UP as a function of tempera-
ture.
 For your measurement plots, see the manual
for the relevant circuit boards.
8. Care and maintenance
 Before cleaning the equipment, disconnect it
from its power supply and remove the circuit
board.
 Use a soft, damp cloth to clean it.
 Keep the circuit board in the original box after
it has been used and has cooled down.
9. Disposal
 The packaging should be disposed of at local
recycling points.
 Should you need to
dispose of the equip-
ment itself, never
throw it away in nor-
mal domestic waste.
Local regulations for
the disposal of electri-
cal equipment will ap-
ply.