Accusys ACS-76130 User manual

Preface
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Notice
Product features and specifications described in this manual are subject to change without
notice.
The manufacturer shall not be liable for any damage, or for the loss of information resulting
from the performance or use of the information contained herein.
Trademarks
Accusys and the names of Accusys products and logos referenced herein are either
trademarks and/or service marks or registered trademarks and/or service marks of Accusys,
Inc.
Microsoft, Windows, Windows NT, MS-DOS are either trademarks or registered trademarks of
Microsoft Corporation. Intel and Pentium are registered trademarks of Intel Corporation.
Other product and company names mentioned herein may be trademarks and/or service
marks of their respective owners.
All contents of this manual are copyrighted by Accusys, Incite information contained herein is
the exclusive property of Accusys, Inc. and shall not be copied, transferred, photocopied,
translated on paper, film, electronic media, or computer-readable form, or otherwise
reproduced in any way, without the express written permission of Accusys Inc.
© Copyright 2004 Accusys, Inc.
All rights reserved.
This manual version 1.0

About this manual
Intended user
This manual is designed and written for users of the ACS-76130 RAID controller. The user
should ideally be familiar with RAID planning and data storage operations and have
experience in electronic or computer engineering.
Organization of the manual
This manual consists of the following sections:
Chapter 1: Introduction provides details of key features, checklists of package contents
and user requirements, and an overview of the RAID box and its features.
Chapter 2: Before you begin contains all the information you need to decide whether to
set up a RAID 0 or RAID 5 array and lists important pre-installation notices.
Chapter 3: Setting up the controller guides you through process of installing ACS-76130
in a system or externally and explains how to replace drives.
Chapter 4: Initializing the array explains how to launch the automatic initialization
process.
Chapter 5: Formatting tells you how partition and format the array so that your system can
start using it.
Appendix A: FAQ helps you deal with encountered problems in the form of Q&A.
Appendix B: Glossary defines relevant technical terms used in this manual.
Appendix C: Specifications list technical specification of ACS-76130.
Appendix D: Regulatory Information provides information of related certification and
standards.
Appendix E: Contact Us lists contact details of Accusys business units around the world.

Preface
Using this manual
This guide contains all the information you need to set up and start using your RAID controller
and to monitor its performance in real time. The setup process will follow these steps:
Prepare:
Familiarize yourself with the features and capabilities of
ACS-76130 (Chapter 1)
Decide whether to set up a RAID 0 or RAID 5 array
(Chapter 2)
Configure:
Set up the controller (Chapter 3)
Install:
Attach the necessary cables and either mount the RAID
box inside your system or set up the RAID box externally
(Chapter 3)
Initialize:
Initialize the array (Chapter 4)
Format:
Partition the array to enable your computer’s operating
system to begin using it (Chapter 5)
Format the array (Chapter 5)
When you have reached this point, your RAID controller will be ready for use. To get the most
from ACS-76130, you should also set up the ACSView GUI on your system. With this browser
you can monitor the status of your array at any time and from any computer on your LAN. You
will find full installation instructions and information on the monitoring capabilities of ACSView
in the ACS-76130 ACSView User’s Manual. Ask your vendor for details.

Guide to Conventions
Important information that users should be aware of is indicated with the following icons:
This icons indicates the existence of a potential hazard that could result in
personal injury, damage to your equipment or loss of data if the safety
instruction is not observed.
This icon indicates useful tips on getting the most from your RAID controller.
Important terms, commands and programs are put in Boldface font.
Screen text is given in screen font.

Table of Contents
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NOTICE ................................................................................................................. 1
TRADEMARKS........................................................................................................ 1
ABOUT THIS MANUAL ............................................................................................ 2
Intended user................................................................................................... 2
Organization of the manual.............................................................................. 2
USING THIS MANUAL.............................................................................................. 3
GUIDE TO CONVENTIONS ....................................................................................... 4
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CHAPTER 1 ............................................................................................................... 7
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OVERVIEW ............................................................................................................ 7
KEY FEATURES ...................................................................................................... 8
Hard drive hot swapping.................................................................................. 8
Automatic drive rebuilding............................................................................... 8
MAKING SURE YOU HAVE EVERYTHING................................................................... 8
What's in the box ............................................................................................. 8
What else you need .......................................................................................... 8
FAMILIARIZING YOURSELF WITH THE CONTROLLER ................................................. 9
Overview......................................................................................................... 9
Front view....................................................................................................... 9
Rear view .......................................................................................................10
CHAPTER 2 ..............................................................................................................11
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PRE-INSTALLATION PLANNING ..............................................................................11
Introduction to RAID levels.............................................................................11
RAID 0 ...........................................................................................................12
RAID 5 ...........................................................................................................13
PRE-INSTALLATION NOTICES .................................................................................14
CHAPTER 3 ..............................................................................................................15
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INSTALLATION FLOWCHART ..................................................................................15

SETTING CONFIGURATIONS....................................................................................16
RAID 0 configuration......................................................................................16
RAID 5 configuration......................................................................................16
MOUNTING RAID BOX..........................................................................................17
Mounting RAID box in system.........................................................................17
LOADING DRIVES IN THE RAID BOX ......................................................................18
Fixed connector drive carrier..........................................................................19
REMOVING / REPLACING A DRIVE...........................................................................20
Swapping drives .............................................................................................20
What if a disk fails? ........................................................................................20
Removing a drive from a fixed connector drive carrier ....................................20
FIRMWARE UPDATING STEPS...........................................................................21
CHAPTER 4 ..............................................................................................................23
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APPENDIX A............................................................................................................25
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APPENDIX B............................................................................................................26
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APPENDIX C............................................................................................................28
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APPENDIX D............................................................................................................29
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APPENDIX E............................................................................................................30
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ACCUSYS, INC. .....................................................................................................30
ACCUSYS U.S.A., INC. ..........................................................................................30
ACCUSYS KOREA, INC...........................................................................................30
ACCUSYS CHINA, INC. ..........................................................................................30
世仰科技北京代表处..........................................................................................31
ACCUSYS EU, BV.................................................................................................31

Chapter 1 – Introduction
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This chapter introduces the features and capabilities of
ACS-76130.
You will find:
 A full introduction to your ACS-76130 controller
 Details of key features
 A checklist of package contents
 A checklist of what else you need to start installation


 An overview of the RAID box and its features, including
connectors, LEDs and jumpers
Overview
Congratulations on your selection of the Accusys 76130 (ACS-76130). The ACS-76130 is a
high-performance and extremely flexible RAID (Redundant Array of Independent/Inexpensive
Disks) controller. RAID is a storage technology used to improve the processing capabilities of
a storage system, providing a combination of reliability and performance.
The ACS-76130 is the ultimate approach to a flexible RAID solution. It can manage two
different RAID levels (0 and 5), with three SATA disks in a single RAID group. With a
cost-effective SATA approach, supporting Ultra DMA mode, the ACS-76130 strips data to
three disk drives simultaneously, and delivers optimized performance, comparable to more
costly SCSI based solutions.
Featuring intelligent online recovery, the ACS-76130 lets you hot swap a failed drive: data will
automatically be rebuilt to the new drive without any system down time. If a RAID 5 array
exists and one SATA disk drive fails, data is secured by the other drives, and an alarm sounds
to alert you. RAID 5 rebuild will proceed automatically (during power on) as soon as you lock
the disk carrier. If a RAID 0 array fails, there is no way to recover the data of the RAID system.
You should proceed by reconfiguring the new RAID with a new SATA disk.
The ACS-76130 RAID box features a user-friendly rack design that lets you easily install three
drives. Each drive carrier supports a one-inch high 3.5-inch form factor drive. Security is
provided by a key-locking system that prevents unauthorized access to each disk drive.

Key features
The ACS-76130 supports the following features:
 Support 3 SATA-I disk channels.
 Support one SATA-I host channel
 Support RAID level 0 and 5
 Drives are hot swappable
 Hot transparent and OS independent
 Fan cooler (Ball bearing type)
 Support ATA-6 big drive
 Key locking to prevent unauthorized access to the disk drives
 Audible alarm on drive failure
 Automatic drive failure detection
 Automatic online rebuilding
 Audible alarm on drive failure
 Battery backup for disk rebuild status
Hard drive hot swapping
Hot Swapping allows for the removal and installation of disk drives without the need to power
down the system while ACS-76130 is configured as a RAID 5 array.
Automatic drive rebuilding
If a member drive in a RAID 5 array is replaced on-line, the controller will automatically start to
rebuild data to the new drive.
Making sure you have everything
What's in the box
Some vendors may ship certain components as standard, while other vendors treat the same
component as optional. In its most basic configuration, your package should include the
following:
 ACS-76130 RAID box
 ACS-76130 Controller User’s Manual and GUI management software
 Three disk drive carriers with key locks
 Disk drive mounting screws
 Two keys for drive carriers (identical)
What else you need
In order to setup a working system the following user-supplied items are required:
 System with SATA Interface
 Case with two half-height 5 ¼” drive bays with front bezel access
 One SATA channel cable connector
 One free power supply connector at least
One 3-pin RS232 cable connector (data connection for GUI interface, if required)

Chapter 1 – Introduction
Familiarizing yourself with the controller
Overview
The RAID box has three drive carriers, accessed from the front.
The sides of the box each feature a guide rail channel and mounting screw holes to enable
the box to be secured inside a computer case.
The connectors and jumpers are located on the rear panel.


Front / Drive carriers


Guide rail channel


Holes for mounting screws


Rear / Connectors & jumpers
Front view

Three Drive Carriers

Disk Activity Indicators

Drive Carrier Lock
Each drive carrier can hold a one-inch high 3.5-inch form factor SATA disk drive. This makes it
easy to hot swap a drive in the event of a failure, without affecting the status of the remaining
drives.

Drive Carrier Lock – Unlocked
orientation

Drive Carrier Lock – Locked
orientation

Green Disk Activity Indicator

Amber Disk Activity Indicator

Red Disk Activity Indicator

Disk Activity Indicators
These indicators show the status of each individual disk drive.
Indicator Disk Activity
Green Disk drive is properly installed and locked
Amber Disk drive is being accessed
Red Disk drive is not present, is not properly
installed, is unlocked, or disk has failed
Red Flashing Disk drive is rebuilding data
In the event that a drive fails, the Red indicator turns on and an alarm sounds. You can turn off
the alarm by unlocking the drive carrier.
The drive carrier lock acts as an On/Off sw
itch for the drives and
provides security by preventing non-
key holders from accessing the
drives.
To lock each carrier, insert the key and turn it in a clockwise
direction. To unlock a carrier, turn the key in a counterclockwise
direction.
Rear view

Connector for SATA interface
cable

RAID level configuration jumper
pins

Power connector

3-pin RS232 connector (Terminal
port)

Cooling fan vent
The SATA cable is the route used for reading and writing to the array.
The power connector supplies power to the RAID box. In order to provide stable power, we
recommend to connect both power connectors on the RAID box.
The 3-pin RS-232 cable is used for remote monitoring of ACS-76130. The RS-232 port is
configured with DTE and PC compatible pin assignments.
There is a triangular symbol “▲” on both PCB connector and RS-232 cable connector,
please make sure you connect in the right direction (both triangle symbols match each
other). Connecting in wrong direction will not damage RAID controller, however the terminal
or GUI will not work.
The cooling fan inside the RAID box provides air circulation for the disk drives.

Chapter 2 – Before you begin
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This chapter contains includes all the information you need to
decide which RAID level to use and to prepare for installation.
You will find:
 A full introduction to and comparison of RAID levels 0 and 5


 Important notices on the safe operation and installation of
ACS-76130
Pre-installation planning
Introduction to RAID levels
The ACS-76130 can support the following RAID levels: 0 and 5. Which is the right level for
you? The answer depends on the application it is used for.
RAID Level 0 offers high transfer rates, and is ideal for large blocks of data where speed is of
importance. Computer Aided Design, Graphics, Scientific Computing, Image and Multimedia
applications are all good examples. If one drive in a RAID 0 array fails however, the data on
the whole array is lost.
RAID Level 5 arrays offer high I/O transaction rates, and are the ideal choice when used with
on-line transaction processing applications, such as those used in banks, insurance
companies, hospitals, and all manner of office environments. These applications typically
perform large numbers of concurrent requests, each of which makes a small number of disk
accesses. If one drive in a RAID 5 array fails, the lost data can be rebuilt from data on the
functioning disks.
Further information on RAID concepts can be found in Appendix B, Glossary.

RAID 0
RAID 0 links each drive in the array as one huge drive. Storage capacity is determined by the
smallest drive in the array. That capacity is then applied to format all other drives in the array.
If using a 40 GB, 60 GB, and 50 GB drive in a RAID 0 array, your system will see one huge
drive of 120 GB (40 GB×3).
RAID 0 offers double or more performance under sustained data transfers when one drive per
ATA port is used. In such a configuration, unlike SCSI, ATA drives are always available to the
system. SCSI requires more management of the SCSI bus.
RAID 0: Striped disk array without fault tolerance
Characteristics: Recommended use:
 RAID 0 implements a striped disk array, the data
is broken down into blocks and each block is
written to a separate disk drive.
 I/O performance is greatly improved by spreading
the I/O load across many channels and drives.
 Fastest and most efficient array type but offers no
fault-tolerance.
 Storage capacity = (No. of disks) × (capacity of
smallest disk)
 Video production and
editing
 Image editing
 Pre-press
applications
 Any application
requiring high
bandwidth
Arrangement of data blocks saved on a Level 0 RAID

Chapter 2 – Before you begin
RAID 5
RAID 5 uses a mathematical expression that compares data from two drives and calculates a
third piece of data called “parity”. Should one of the drives fail, parity data can be used to
rebuild the failed data. Under RAID 5, parity data is stored across all drives in the array. This
maximizes the amount of storage capacity available from all drives in the array while still
providing data redundancy.
RAID 5: Independent data disks with distributed parity blocks
Characteristics: Recommended use:
 Each entire data block is written on a data disk.
Parity for blocks in the same rank is generated
on Writes, recorded in a distributed location and
checked on Reads.
 Highest Read data transaction, medium Write
data transaction rate.
 Relatively low ratio of ECC (Parity) disks to data
disks means high efficiency (compared to other
RAID levels).
 Good aggregate transfer rate.
 Storage capacity = (No. of disks – 1) × (capacity
of smallest disk)
 File and application
servers
 Database servers
 WWW, E-mail and News
servers
 Intranet servers
 Most versatile Raid level
Arrangement of data and parity blocks saved on a Level 5 RAID

Pre-installation notices
Before starting any kind of hardware installation, please ensure that all power
switches have been turned off and all power cords disconnected to prevent
personal injury and damage to the hardware.
To avoid overheating, ACS-76130 should be installed in a well-ventilated area
and in such a way that sufficient airflow is maintained across the controller
chips.
Static electricity can damage electronic components. To guard against such
damage:
Work in a static-free environment
Wear a grounded anti-static wrist strap
Store uninstalled components in anti-static bags
Handle PCBs by their edges and avoid touching chips and connectors.
Environmental requirements: Temperature: 0-50C
Humidity: 5-95%, non-condensing
Altitude: Sea level to 10,000 ft

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This chapter explains how to:
 Set RAID level on RAID box
 Install the RAID controller in a system or externally
 Load hard drives into ACS-76130


 Swap drives
Installation flowchart
Installation of ACS-76130 is simple. This chapter will lead you though the following steps:
 When the controller is fully configured, connect a power and
SATA cable and install it either in a system or externally.
 When the controller is installed, load a hard drive into each
of the drive carriers
Install
controller
Load hard
drives

Setting configurations
The RAID (level 0 or 5) is set manually by placing jumper heads on the ten jumper pins on the
rear of the RAID box.
RAID 0 configuration
1. Make sure the power is turned off.
2. Place two jumper caps over the top
pairs of RAID configuration jumper
pins.
RAID 5 configuration
1. Make sure the power is turned off.
2. Make sure the ten RAID configuration
jumper pins are clear of any jumper
caps.

Mounting RAID box
The ACS-76130 RAID box can be installed inside a computer case or set up externally. This
section describes both procedures.
Turn off and disconnect all electrical power from the system before beginning
installation.
Mounting RAID box in system
The ACS-76130 RAID box fits into the space of two half-height 5¼-inch drive bays.
1.
Remove the cover and front bezel from the
system case.
2. Feed a power cable 
through the
opening.
3. Feed an SATA cable 
through the
opening.
4.
Connect the two cables to the connectors
on the rear of the RAID box.
5.
If planning to use the ACSView GUI to
monitor the status of your RAID, you
should also connect a 3-pin RS-
232 cable
to the terminal on the RAID box.
6. Insert the RAID
box into the bay, and
secure it in place with the screws provided.
(If you
r case uses guide rails to install
5¼-
inch devices, you can use them on the
RAID box.)
In order to provide stable power, we recommend to connect both power
connectors on the RAID box.

Loading drives in the RAID box
There are one type of drive carrier available:
1. Fixed SATA connector

Drive Carrier

Fixed SATA Connector

Fixed connector drive carrier
The ACS-76130 should be fitted with three hard disk drives (HDDs). Load each drive into a
drive carrier as follows:
1. Unlock the drive carrier and slide it out of
the RAID box.
2. Place the disk drive in the drive carrier, so
that the SATA connector is lined up with
the connector inside the carrier.
3. Carefully push the disk drive so that the
drive’s SATA connector is seated securely
into the SATA connector in the disk carrier.
4.
Secure the disk drive by screwing it to the
drive carrier case.
5.
Slide the loaded disk drive carrier into the
ACS-76130 RAID Box and lock it.
The disk carrier connector at the back of each RAID box disk carrier slot can
be damaged if the disk carrier is not properly aligned when inserted. Insert the
disk carrier gently to avoid damage.

Removing / replacing a drive
Swapping drives
The hot swap function is available on the RAID 5 array and can be operated during run time.
RAID rebuilding will be processed automatically in the background and the ACS-76130 RAID
subsystem will record its progress. If the host system is shut down or powered off abnormally,
the ACS-76130 RAID subsystem will continue the disk rebuilding process after power is
turned on again.
A hard disk should not be replaced when the system is turned off. Doing so
may leads to loss of data. Always hot swap disks in a RAID5 array.
What if a disk fails?
If a disk drive fails, or a key switch is turned off, the red disk activity indicator of its disk carrier
will light and the alarm will sound. When this happens, you can replace the failed SATA disk
with a new one, then turn the key switch on.
The failure or removal of a single drive in a RAID5 array will not lead to
failure of the array. The failure or removal of a single drive in a RAID0 array
will lead to loss of all data on the array and the entire array must be
re-initialized.
Removing a drive from a fixed connector drive carrier
1.
Unlock the appropriate disk carrier. The red
disk activity indicator will light.
2. Slide the drive carrier out of its slot.
3.
Slide the disk drive to the front of the carrier
so that the SATA connector is freed from
the drive carrier.
4. Lift out the disk drive.