AEROPRAKT AEROPRAKT-32L Owner's manual

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Aeroprakt Ltd.
24, Polevaya str., Kiev, Ukraine
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
e-mail: aeroprakt.kievumail.com
www.aeroprakt.kiev.ua
AEROPRAKT-32L
Pilot Operating Handbook
A32L-FO-POH
Airplane Model:
Airplane Registration Number:
Airplane Serial Number:
Date of issue:
Approved by:
Position:
Date of approval:
AEROPRAKT-32L (A-32L)
016
03.05.2018
Yuriy Yakovlyev
Chief designer
03.05.2018
This manual must be carried in the airplane at all times.
This airplane is to be operated in compliance with information and limitations contained herein.

AEROPRAKT-32L Pilot Operating Handbook A32L-FO-POH
RECORD OF MANUAL REVISIONS
No part of this manual may be reproduced or changed in any manner without a written consent
of the Manufacturer.
Any revision of the present manual, except actual weighing data, must be recorded in the
following table according to information from the Manufacturer.
New or amended text in the revised pages will be indicated by a black vertical line on the left
hand margin, and the Revision No. and the date will be shown on the bottom left hand side of
the page.
Rev. No. Affected
Section Affected Pages Date Approval Date Date
Inserted Signature
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AEROPRAKT-32L Pilot Operating Handbook A32L-FO-POH
Table of contents
Introduction.............................................................................................................................5
1 General information.............................................................................................................6
1.1 General description of the airplane ............................................................................. 6
1.2 Airplane specifications................................................................................................... 6
2 Limitations............................................................................................................................7
2.1 Airspeeds and airspeed indicator markings ................................................................... 7
2.2 Operating weights and loading....................................................................................... 8
2.3 Service ceiling ............................................................................................................... 8
2.4 Maneuvering load factors............................................................................................... 8
2.5 Approved maneuvers .................................................................................................... 8
2.6 Fuel capacity and type................................................................................................... 9
2.7 Engine ........................................................................................................................... 9
2.8 Kinds of operation limits............................................................................................ 10
2.9 Crosswind limitation..................................................................................................... 10
2.10 Markings and placards............................................................................................... 10
3 Emergency procedures .....................................................................................................12
3.1 General........................................................................................................................ 12
3.2 Emergency checklists.................................................................................................. 12
4 Normal Procedures............................................................................................................17
4.1 General........................................................................................................................ 17
4.2 Preflight check............................................................................................................. 17
4.3 Engine starting............................................................................................................. 19
4.4 Taxiing......................................................................................................................... 20
4.5 Before takeoff ...............................................................................................................20
4.6 Normal takeoff ..............................................................................................................20
4.7 Short/soft field takeoff...................................................................................................20
4.8 Climb ............................................................................................................................21
4.9 Cruise.......................................................................................................................... 21
4.10 Approach ....................................................................................................................21
4.11 Normal landing ...........................................................................................................21
4.12 Short/soft field landing ................................................................................................22
4.13 Balked landing............................................................................................................22
5 Performance .......................................................................................................................23
5.1 General.........................................................................................................................23
5.2 Takeoff and landing distances ......................................................................................23
5.3 Climb performance........................................................................................................23
5.4 Cruise speeds and fuel consumption at various RPM settings..................................... 23
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AEROPRAKT-32L Pilot Operating Handbook A32L-FO-POH
6 Weight and Balance and Equipment List.........................................................................24
6.1 Actual empty airplane weight and CG position ......................................................... 24
6.2 Computation of the CG position before flight ............................................................... 25
6.3 Installed equipment list ................................................................................................ 26
7 Airplane and Systems Descriptions .................................................................................27
7.1 General.........................................................................................................................27
7.2 Airframe........................................................................................................................27
7.3 Landing gear.................................................................................................................27
7.4 Engine and its controls................................................................................................. 28
7.5 Propeller ...................................................................................................................... 28
7.6 Fuel system ..................................................................................................................29
7.7 Airplane control systems...............................................................................................31
7.8 Instrument panel...........................................................................................................40
7.9 Full and static pressure system.....................................................................................42
7.10 Electrical system.........................................................................................................43
7.11 Seats and harness belts .............................................................................................47
7.12 Cockpit doors..............................................................................................................47
7.13 Baggage compartment................................................................................................47
7.14 Recovery system ........................................................................................................47
8 Aircraft Ground Handling and Servicing..........................................................................49
8.1 Introduction...................................................................................................................49
8.2 Towing, parking and tie-down instructions....................................................................49
8.3 Servicing fuel, oil and coolant .......................................................................................49
8.4 Approved fuel and oil................................................................................................... 50
8.5 Cleaning and care.........................................................................................................50
8.6 Disassembling and assembling the airplane.................................................................50
9 Supplements.......................................................................................................................54
9.1 General.........................................................................................................................54
9.2 Engine manual..............................................................................................................54
9.3 Avionics and special engine instruments......................................................................54
9.4 Recovery system ..........................................................................................................54
9.5 Floats............................................................................................................................54
9.6 List of installed equipment ............................................................................................55
9.7 Actual empty weight and CG position data ...................................................................56
9.8 Airplane Flight Training Supplement.............................................................................57
9.9 Airplane Owner Feedback to Manufacturer.................................................................. 60
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AEROPRAKT-32L Pilot Operating Handbook A32L-FO-POH
Introduction
This Pilot Operating Handbook has been prepared to provide the airplane owner and operators
with information required for the safe and efficient operation of this airplane.
This A-32L airplane was manufactured by:
Aeroprakt Ltd.
24 Polyova str.
Kyiv, 03056
UKRAINE
Tel.: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
E-mail: aeroprakt.kievgmail.com
www.aeroprakt.kiev.ua
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AEROPRAKT-32L Pilot Operating Handbook A32L-FO-POH
1 General information
1.1 General description of the airplane
AEROPRAKT-32L (A-32L) is a two-seat, high-wing strut braced monoplane of "classic"
aerodynamic layout with closed cockpit, non-retractable landing gear with steerable nose
wheel, Rotax-912 engine with tractor three-blade on-ground adjustable pitch propeller.
AEROPRAKT-32L is approved for flying in VFR, simple meteorological conditions.
AEROPRAKT-32L was designed in accordance with the German Airworthiness
Requirements for Three axes standard control Ultra Light Aircraft (LTF-UL —
LufttOchtigkeitsforderungen fur aerodynamisch gesteuerte Ultraleichtflugzeuge).
1.2 Airplane specifications
Specification US units Metric
Wing span 31 ft
9.45 m
Wing area 138 sq ft
12.83 m
2
Length 20 ft 7 in
6.27 m
Height 7 ft 3 in
2.22 m
Wheel base 4 ft 2 in
1.27 m
Wheel track 5 ft 9 in
1.75 m
Gross weight (Maximum Take-Off Weight, MTOW) 1040 lb
472.5 kg
Maximum level speed at sea level, ISA conditions 116.6 kts
216 km/h
Cruising speed (IAS) at 1000 ft, ISA conditions, engine RPM:
3500 54 kts
100 km/h
3800 67 kts
125 km/h
4200 81 kts
150 km/h
4650 94 kts
175 km/h
5150 108 kts
200 km/h
5500 116 kts
215 km/h
Maximum noise level with Kievprop 263 propeller at 500 ft,
ISA conditions 65 dB
65 dB
Range with full tanks (30 min. reserve) at 1000 ft, still air, ISA
conditions, 3 700 RPM 706 nm
1307 km
Best angle of climb speed (Vx), IAS 43 kts 80 km/h
Best rate of climb speed (Vy), IAS 65 kts 120 km/h
Stalling speed at MTOW, flaps up (Vs), IAS 30 kts 55 km/h
Stalling speed at MTOW, full flaps (Vso), IAS 24 kts 45 km/h
Maximum engine power at 5800 RPM (5 minutes limit) 80/100 hp
59.6/73.5 kW
Total fuel capacity 23.8 US gal
90 I
Usable fuel 23.6 US gal
89.5 I
Approved fuel types: unleaded mogas min. RON 95 or avgas 100LL
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AEROPRAKT-32L Pilot Operating Handbook A32L-FO-POH
2 Limitations
2.1 Airspeeds and airspeed indicator markings
Airspeed limitations and their operational significance are shown in the table below. All speed
values are given for the maximum takeoff weight.
Speed Description IAS Remarks
VNE Never exceed
speed
230 km/h
143 mph
124 kts Do not exceed this speed in any operation
VRA Rough air
speed
200 km/h
124 mph
108 kts Do not exceed this speed in gust conditions
VA Maximum
maneuvering
speed
158 km/h
98 mph
85 kts
Do not make full or abrupt control movement above
this speed, because under certain conditions the
airplane may be overstressed by full control
movement
VFE Maximum flap
extended
speed
117 km/h
73 mph
63 kts Do not exceed this speed with flaps extended
Vsi Stalling
speed,
flaps up
55 km/h
34 mph
30 kts At maximum takeoff weight and engine at idle
Vso Stalling
speed,
full flaps
45 km/h
28 mph
24 kts At maximum takeoff weight and engine at idle
Scheme of color markings of airspeed indicator is shown on Fig. 1. Explanations are given in the
table below:
Marking IAS range or value Significance
White arc 50 — 117 km/h
31 — 73 mph
27 — 63 kts Positive flap operating range
Green arc 60 — 200 km/h
38 — 124 mph
33 — 108 kts Normal operating range
Yellow arc 200 — 230 km/h
124 — 143 mph
108 — 124 kts Maneuvers must be conducted
with
caution and only in smooth air
Yellow line 158 km/h
98 mph
85 kts Design Maneuver Speed
Red line 230 km/h
143 mph
124 kts Maximum speed for all operations
7

Yellow line
Green arc
Yellow line
Green arc
AEROPRAKT-32L Pilot Operating Handbook A32L-FO-POH
ASI km/h White arc ASI mph, knots White arc
Fig. '1
2.2 Operating weights and loading
Maximum takeoff weight: 472,5 kg (1042 Ib).
Empty weight: must not exceed 306 kg.
Maximum fuel weight: 65 kg (143 Ib) — standard tanks; or 82 kg (181 Ib) — optional tanks.
Maximum baggage weight (in container): 30 kg (66 Ib).
Permissible CG range: 19 to 37 % of wing MAC (mean aerodynamic chord).
The airplane may be flown by 1 or 2 pilots. Total weight of pilots, fuel and baggage may not
exceed the maximum useful load (maximum takeoff weight less actual empty weight).
2.3 Service ceiling
Service ceiling of A-32L with Rotax-912ULS (100 hp) engine is equal to at least 5000 m (16
000 ft).
However A-32L has neither pressurized cockpit nor oxygen equipment and therefore may not
be used for high-altitude flight.
2.4 Maneuvering load factors
Limit load factors for the airplane at gross weight of 472.5 kg (1040 Ib) are as follows:
Maximum positive limit load factor +4.0
Maximum negative limit load factor -2.0
2.5 Approved maneuvers
A-32L airplane belongs to a non-aerobatic category. All maneuvers shall be done within its
airspeed and maneuvering load factor limits (G limits). Approved maneuvers include:
- turns with bank angles up to 60°,
- side-slipping with angles up to 15°,
−level and accelerated stalls without spinning,
−diving at a speed below VNE of 230 km/h (143 mph, 124 kts) IAS.
Any aerobatics including intentional spinning is prohibited!
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AEROPRAKT-32L Pilot Operating Handbook A32L-FO-POH
2.6 Fuel capacity and type
Standard Optional
Capacity of tanks: 2x45 I (11.9 US gal)
2x57 I (2x15.05 US gal)
Total fuel capacity:
90 I (23.8 US gal)
114 I (30.1 US gal)
Total usable fuel: 89.5 I (23.6 US gal)
113.5 I (30.0 US gal)
Non-usable fuel: 0.5 I (0.13 US gal)
0.5 I (0.13 US gal)
Approved fuel types: see the table in the paragraph 2.7 Engine.
NOTE: The readings of the fuel level indicators have to be read as follows (for both
standard and optional fuel tanks):
«4/4» — 38 I (10.57 US gal);
«1/2» — 21 I (5.55 US gal);
«0» — 10 I (2.64 US gal);
«reserve fuel remains» light ignites — 8 I (2.11 US gal).
2.7 Engine
Engine data and operational limitations (as specified in the "OPERATORS MANUAL FOR
ROTAX ENGINE TYPE 912 SERIES") are given in the table below:
Engine manufacturer BRP-Rotax GmbH&Co KG, Austria
Engine model Rotax-912UL Rotax-912ULS
Take-off performance 59.6 kW 73.5 kW
Max. continuous performance 58 kW 69 kW
Take-off speed 5800 rpm (max. 5 min.)
Max. continuous speed 5500 rpm
Idle speed min. 1400 rpm
Oil pressure max. 7 bar (102 psi) min. 0.8 bar (12 psi) (below 3500 rpm)
normal 2.0 to 5.0 bar (27-73 psi) (above 3500 rpm)
Oil temperature max. 140 °C (285 °F) 130 °C (266 °F)
min. 50 °C (120 °F)
normal approx. 90 to 110 °C (190-230 °F)
Exhaust gas temperature, max. 880 °C (1616 °F)
Coolant temperature limit
measured in cylinder head max. 120 °C (248 °F)
Engine start, operating
temperature max. 50 °C (120 °F) (ambient temperature)
min. -25 °C (-13 °F) (oil temperature)
Fuel pressure max. 0.5 bar (7.26 psi)
min. 0.15 bar (2.2 psi)
Fuel antiknock properties min. RON 90 (min. AKI 91
1
)
min. RON 95 (min. AKI 91)
1
Anti Knock Index (RON+MON)/2
9

•
Settings of fuel shut-off valves:
AEROPRAKT-32L Pilot Operating Handbook A32L-FO-POH
European standard EN 228 normal, EN 228
super, EN 228 super plus EN 228 super,
EN 228 super plus
Aviation standard AVGAS 100 LL
(ASTM D910) AVGAS 100 LL
(ASTM D910)
Oil: with RON 424 classification
NOTE: On all issues of engine operation refer to Rotax engine Operator's Manual.
Follow its instructions to ensure safe and efficient operation of the engine.
2.8 Kinds of operation limits
This aircraft is approved for flying day and night, VFR, simple meteorological conditions. Flight
into icing conditions is prohibited.
2.9 Crosswind limitation
Maximum crosswind component for A-32L airplane is 7 m/s (14 kts).
It is highly recommended to choose upwind direction for takeoff and landing with the least
crosswind. It will significantly shorten takeoff and landing distances and increase degree of
safety.
2.10 Markings and placards
The markings and placards are made using pieces of sticking film with inscriptions.
All switches for electrical systems are switched ON when moved UP, and switched OFF when
moved DOWN.
The respective switches' positions are marked with: ON and OFF labels.
Apart from the individual markings of the instruments, controls and switches there are placards
and markings with the following information:
•Prohibited aerobatic maneuvers:
ANY AEROBATIC MANOEUVRES
AND INTENTIONAL SPINNING
ARE PROHIBITED
•Limit aircraft loading data:
MAXIMUM WEIGHT
-
472 KG (1040 LB)
MINIMUM LOA IN COCKPIT - 60 KG (132
LB) MAXIMUM LOA IN COCKPIT
WITH FULL FUEL TANKS
-
100 KG (220 LB)
•Maximum luggage weight:
LUGGAGE COMPARTMENT
MAX. LOA - 30 KG (66 LB)
•Fuel grade marking on the fuel inlet caps:
UNLEA E GASOLINE
MINIMUM RON 95
Beside the above mentioned markings there is a fire-resistant aircraft identification plate made
off 1 mm aluminum sheet that is attached with rivets to fuselage structure in a clearly
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AEROPRAKT-32L Pilot Operating Handbook A32L-FO-POH
visible place (left-hand side, rear vertical beam of the entrance door opening) with the required
aircraft data ingraved on the plate (see the picture below).
EROPRAKT
-
32
Aircraft type:
Serial \o XXX
4
"'
Vanufactured
by Aeroprakt Ltd.
U<RA I NE
11

AEROPRAKT-32L Pilot Operating Handbook A32L-FO-POH
3 Emergency procedures
3.1 General
This section contains recommendations to the pilots in case of emergency in flight. However
such situations, caused by airframe or engine malfunction are extremely rare provided that
pre-flight inspections and checks are performed regularly.
3.2 Emergency checklists
3.2.1 Engine fire during start (on the ground)
1. Throttle — IDLE.
2. Ignition — OFF.
3. Fuel valves — CLOSE.
4. Unfasten seat belts, abandon cockpit.
5. Take measures to extinguish the fire.
3.2.2 Engine failure during takeoff
3.2.2.1 during takeoff roll
6. Throttle — IDLE.
7. Ignition — OFF.
8. Brakes — APPLY as necessary.
3.2.2.2 immediately after takeoff
9. Direction — NO TURN BACK.
10. Airspeed — 110 km/h (68 mph, 59 kts) — best glide.
11. Throttle — IDLE.
12. Ignition — OFF.
13. Master switch — OFF.
14. Fuel valves — CLOSE.
15. Landing — STRAIGHT AHEAD, avoid colliding with obstacles.
3.2.3 Loss of engine power in flight
3.2.3.1 during climb
16. Airspeed — 110 km/h (68 mph, 59 kts) — best glide.
17. Throttle — IDLE.
18. Ignition — OFF.
19. Fuel valves — CLOSE.
20. Direction — TURN to the airfield (if altitude permits).
21. Landing — STRAIGHT AHEAD, avoid colliding with obstacles.
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AEROPRAKT-32L Pilot Operating Handbook A32L-FO-POH
3.2.3.2 in level flight
22. Airspeed — 110 km/h (68 mph, 59 kts) — best glide.
23. Landing area — SELECT (consider altitude and wind).
24. Engine — RESTART (if time and altitude permit), see section 3.2.4.
25. Unable to restart — follow emergency landing procedure, see section 3.2.5.
3.2.4 Restarting engine in flight
26. Throttle — IDLE.
27. Fuel valves — check OPEN.
28. Fuel level — CHECK.
29. Ignition — ON.
30. Master key — turn to START.
3.2.5 Emergency landing without engine power
31. Airspeed — 110 km/h (68 mph, 59 kts) — best glide.
32. Flaps — position 1.
33. Ignition —OFF.
34. Fuel valves — CLOSE.
35. Landing area — SELECT, consider altitude and wind. (No place suitable for landing —
use
recovery system.)
36. Emergency call — TRANSMIT (121.5 MHz or nearest airfield frequency).
37. Flaps — EXTEND FULLY on final.
38. Landing — in the SELECTED place, avoid colliding with obstacles.
39. Touchdown — at minimum speed.
3.2.6 Precautionary landing with engine power
(In case of decision to discontinue the flight with engine running)
40. Airspeed — SELECT SAFE for the particular situation.
41. Throttle — SET to maintain selected airspeed.
42. Fuel — CHECK level and valves.
43. Map — CHECK for nearest airfields/area suitable for landing.
44. Landing area — SELECT.
45. Radio — REPORT decision to land on the selected place if necessary.
46. Landing — follow NORMAL or SHORT-FIELD landing procedure as appropriate.
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AEROPRAKT-32L Pilot Operating Handbook A32L-FO-POH
3.2.7 Fire in flight
47. Ignition — OFF.
48. Fuel valves — CLOSE.
49. Yoke/Stick — PUSH to descend.
50. Airspeed — BELOW 230 km/h (143 mph, 124 kts).
51. Landing area — SELECT (consider altitude and wind).
52. Landing — in the SELECTED place, avoid colliding with obstacles.
53. Unfasten seat belts, abandon cockpit.
54. Take measures to extinguish the fire.
3.2.8 Loss of oil pressure
55. Follow PRECAUTIONARY LANDING procedure, see section 3.2.6.
56. Engine overheating or stopped — follow EMERGENCY LANDING procedure, see
section 3.2.5
3.2.9 High oil pressure
57. Throttle — REDUCE rpm, IDLE if necessary.
58. Airspeed — 110 km/h (68 mph, 59 kts) — best glide.
59. Oil pressure — CONTROL.
60. Oil pressure normal — follow PRECAUTIONARY LANDING procedure, see section
3.2.6.
61. Oil pressure high — follow EMERGENCY LANDING procedure, see section 3.2.5.
3.2.10 Emergency descent
62. Yoke/Stick — PUSH to descend.
63. Throttle — IDLE.
64. Airspeed — BELOW 230 km/h (143 mph, 124 kts).
65. Engine speed — BELOW 5800 rpm.
66. Air traffic — CONTROL to avoid collisions.
67. Altitude — CONTROL.
68. Terrain — CONTROL.
69. At safe altitude — PULL YOKE GENTLY to level off.
70. G loads — DO NOT EXCEED +4g.
3.2.11 Alternator failure
Follow PRECAUTIONARY LANDING procedure, see section 3.2.6.
3.2.12 Overvoltage
71. Additional electrical consumers (landing light, strobes, etc.) — switch ON.
72. Voltage — CHECK.
73. Voltage normal — CONTINUE normal flight.
74. Voltage high — REMOVE battery charge fuse and FOLLOW PRECAUTIONARY
LANDING procedure, see section 3.2.6.
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AEROPRAKT-32L Pilot Operating Handbook A32L-FO-POH
3.2.13 Inadvertent spin
1.Rudder pedals — FULLY AGAINST ROTATION.
2.Yoke/Stick — PUSH slightly forward of neutral.
3.Rotation stopped — rudder pedals NEUTRAL.
4.Speed reached 110 km/h (68 mph, 59 kts) — PULL YOKE GENTLY to recover from
diving.
Do not exceed +4g and 230 km/h (143 mph, 124 kts)!
WARNING: Intentional spinning in A-32L is prohibited!
NOTE: In level flight and during turn stall warning is assured by the aerodynamic
characteristics of A-32L — gentle shaking of the airplane and yoke due to the starting
airflow separation.
3.2.14 Inadvertent icing encounter
5.Abandon icing build-up area.
6.Icing build-up not stopped — FOLLOW PRECAUTIONARY LANDING procedure, see
section 3.2.6.
3.2.15 Loss of primary instruments
3.2.15.1 ASI failure due to full pressure line blockage
Signs of the blockage — airspeed indicator reading either:
−does not change with changing airspeed in level flight or,
−reduces during a steady descent or,
−increases during a steady climb.
7.Airspeed indicator readings — IGNORE.
8.In level flight — SET THROTTLE to 4000-4500 rpm.
9.Altitude — MAINTAIN.
10. In descent — SET THROTTLE to IDLE.
11. Sink rate — SET to 3 m/s (600 ft/min).
12. Follow PRECAUTIONARY LANDING procedure, see section 3.2.6. 3.2.15.2
Altimeter, VSI and ASI failure due to static pressure line blockage
Signs of the blockage:
−altimeter and vertical speed indicator readings do not change with changing altitude or,
−airspeed indicator reading increases during a steady descent or,
−airspeed indicator reading reduces during a steady climb.
13. IGNORE altimeter, VSI and ASI readings.
14. Airplane attitude — CONTROL by the position of the horizon line with relation to the
wings and engine cowling.
15. Airspeed and vertical speed — CONTROL using throttle.
16. Follow PRECAUTIONARY LANDING procedure, see section 3.2.6.
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AEROPRAKT-32L Pilot Operating Handbook A32L-FO-POH
3.2.15.3 Powerplant instruments failure
(Tachometer, oil, water and exhaust temperature indicators, fuel quantity indicator)
75. IGNORE powerplant instruments readings.
76. Engine rpm — CONTROL by engine noise.
77. Follow PRECAUTIONARY LANDING procedure, see section 3.2.6.
3.2.16 Loss of flight controls
78. Elevator control fails — use elevator TRIM TAB control.
79. Rudder control fails — use AILERONS to control direction.
80. Aileron control fails — use RUDDER to control bank.
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AEROPRAKT-32L Pilot Operating Handbook A32L-FO-POH
4 Normal Procedures
4.1 General
This section describes normal procedures recommended for safe operation of the A-32L.
4.2 Preflight check
Pilots must inspect the general condition of the airplane during its preflight check. The
airplane must have no damage or maladjustments that may be critical for the flight safety.
The cockpit glass, propeller, wing and empennage must be clean of rainwater, snow, frost,
ice, and dirt as they impair visibility and aerodynamics and increase weight.
Preflight check must be performed according to the following order and requirements:
4.2.1 Entire airplane
1.Covers and clamps — REMOVED.
2.Airplane — CLEAN of rainwater, snow, frost, ice and dirt.
3.Rigging — CHECK visually.
4.External damage — NONE.
4.2.2 Power plant
5.Propeller and spinner — CLEAN, INTACT and SECURE.
6.Top cowling — REMOVE for engine inspection.
7.Oil, coolant and braking fluid — CHECK level.
8.Engine mount and vibration dampers — NO CRACKS and INTACT.
9.Cables and hoses — INTACT and SECURE.
10. Fuel, oil, coolant leaks — NONE.
11. Exhaust system, its attachments, joints and springs — NO CRACKS and INTACT.
12. Top cowling — INSTALL back.
13. Cowling and its locks — INTACT and LOCKED.
4.2.3 Landing gear
14. Wheel fairings — CLEAN, INTACT and SECURE.
15. Wheel pressure — OK.
16. Tires — NO CRACKS, WEAR OK.
17. Main wheel brakes — CLEAN, INTACT and SECURE.
18. Braking fluid — NO LEAKS.
19. Nose and main legs — NO CRACK and INTACT.
20. Nose leg shock absorber — INTACT.
4.2.4 Right wing
21. Wing and strut surface — CLEAN and INTACT.
22. Wing and strut attachment fittings and bolts — IN PLACE, INTACT and SECURE.
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AEROPRAKT-32L Pilot Operating Handbook A32L-FO-POH
3. Wing fuel tank ap - IN PLACE and SECURE.
1. Fuel leaks - NONE.
2. Fuel tank vent outlet - CLEAN and INTACT.
3. Wing tip and navigation/strobe light - INTACT.
4. Flaperon lamp - REMOVED.
5. Flaperon - CLEAN and INTACT.
6. Flaperon hinge bra kets - INTACT, BOLTS SECURE, HINGES GREASED.
7. Flaperon ontrol linkage atta hment - INTACT and SECURE.
4.2.5 Right side of fuselage
8. Fuselage surfa e - CLEAN and INTACT.
9. Co kpit glass - CLEAN, INTACT and NO CRACKS.
10. Door hinges and lo k - INTACT.
11. Re overy system ondition - CHECK visually.
12. Drain valve - CLOSED, NO FUEL LEAKS.
13. Fuel residue - DRAIN and CHECK.
4.2.6 Empennage
14. Empennage surfa e - CLEAN and INTACT.
15. Clamps/stops - REMOVED.
16. Horizontal stabilizer atta hment fittings and bolts - INTACT and SECURE.
17. Rudder, elevator and trim tab - CLEAN and INTACT.
18. Rudder, elevator and trim tab hinge bra kets - INTACT, SECURE and GREASED.
19. Rudder, elevator and trim tab ontrol linkage atta hment - INTACT and SECURE.
4.2.7 Left side of fuselage
20. Fuselage surfa e - CLEAN and INTACT.
21. Co kpit glass - CLEAN, INTACT and NO CRACKS.
22. Door hinges and lo k - INTACT.
23. Battery and power ables' atta hment - SECURE, CONDITION OK.
24. Control system linkages inside the rear fuselage - CHECK visually.
25. Baggage ontainer ondition - CHECK visually.
4.2.8 Left wing
26. Flaperon ontrol linkage atta hment - INTACT and SECURE.
27. Flaperon hinge bra kets - INTACT, BOLTS SECURE, HINGES GREASED.
28. Flaperon - CLEAN and INTACT.
29. Flaperon lamp - REMOVED.
30. Fuel tank vent outlet - CLEAN and INTA T.
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AEROPRAKT-32L Pilot Operating Handbook A32L-FO-POH
6. Fuel leaks - NONE.
1. Wing fuel tank ap - IN PLACE and SECURE.
2. Wing tip and navigation/strobe light - INTACT.
3. Wing and strut atta hment fittings and bolts - IN PLACE, INTACT and SECURE.
4. Wing and strut surfa e - CLEAN and INTACT.
5. Pitot/stati pressure probe - COVER REMOVED, CLEAN and INTACT.
4.2.9 ockpit
1. Co kpit interior - CLEAN, INTACT, NO FOREIGN OBJECTS.
2. Seats - INTACT, ADJUSTED and SECURE.
3. Harness belts - INTACT, ADJUSTED and LOCKED (with pilots in the seats).
4. Doors - CLOSED and LOCKED.
5. Flight planning in luding weight and CG he k - PERFORMED.
6. Onboard do umentation/maps required for the flight - AVAILABLE.
7. Baggage ontainer - BAGGAGE SECURED, CONTAINER CLOSED.
8. Starter key - REMOVED
9. All ele tri al swit hes - OFF.
10. Flight instruments - INTACT, CHECK READINGS.
11. Movements of ontrols - he k FREE and FULL.
12.Yokes/Sti k, rudder pedals, elevator trim tab lever - NEUTRAL.
13. Flaps - RETRACTED.
6. Parking brake - ON.
4.3 Engine starting
7. Starter key - INSERT, set to ON.
8. Fuel level - CHECK.
9. Fuel valves - CHECK.
10. Throttle - IDLE.
11. Doors - he k CLOSED.
12. Choke lever (cold engine only) - set FULLY FORWARD.
13. Propeller - CHECK CLEAR.
14. Starter key (cold engine only) - set to START for 5 se onds with ignition OFF.
15. Ignition - ON.
16. Starter key - set to START until engine starts (10 se onds maximum).
11.Throttle - set MINIMUM STABLE REVOLUTIONS (approx. 1600-1700 RPM).
12. Choke lever - FULLY BACK (gradually, when engine runs smoothly).
13. Engine - WARM UP at 2000-2500 RPM.
14. Required ele tri equipment/instruments - swit h ON and ADJUST.
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AEROPRAKT-32L Pilot Operating Handbook A32L-F0-POH
15. Ignition - TEST at 4000 RPM holding brakes.
16.0i1 pressure - he k 2.0-5.0 bar (29-73 psi) at above 3500 RPM.
4.4 Taxiing
31. Throttle - IDLE.
32. Taxiway - CHECK CLEAR.
33. Coolant and oil temperature - CHECK.
34. Parking brake - OFF.
35. Throttle - SET REQUIRED TAXI SPEED.
36. Yoke/Sti k - elevator NEUTRAL, ailerons AGAINST rosswind.
37. Brakes - use as required, set throttle to IDLE when stopping.
38. To stop immediately - IGNITION OFF and ENGAGE BRAKES.
4.5 Before takeoff
39. Hold position - LINE UP AND WAIT.
40. Brakes - ENGAGE.
41. Coolant temperature - CHECK minimum 140°F (60°C).
42. Oil temperature - CHECK minimum 120°F (50°C).
43. Fuel level - CHECK.
44. Fuel valves - CHECK.
45. Flaps - EXTEND position 1.
4.6 Normal takeoff
46. Rudder pedals - NEUTRAL.
47. Brakes - RELEASE.
48. Throttle - gradually FULL POWER.
49. Yoke/Sti k - elevator NEUTRAL, ailerons AGAINST CROSSWIND.
50. Rudder pedals - maintain takeoff dire tion.
51. Yoke/Sti k - PULL gently to lift the nose wheel at 40 km/h.
52. Liftoff - at 80 km/h (50 mph, 43 kts).
53. A elerate to at least 90 km/h (56 mph, 49 kts) at 3-7 ft and start to limb.
4.7 Short/soft field takeoff
54. Flaps - EXTEND FULLY.
55. Hold position - OCCUPY.
56. Takeoff distan e - CHECK if suffi ient.
57. Rudder pedals - NEUTRAL.
58. Throttle - gradually FULL POWER.
59. Brakes - RELEASE.
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