Agilent Technologies 35670A Manual

The Agilent 35670A at a Glance (Front Panel)

Agilent 35670A Front Panel
1-Use the softkeys to select items from the current
menu. A softkey’s function is indicated by a video
label on the analyzer’s screen. Throughout this
book, softkeys are printed like this:
[FFT ANALYSIS].
Hardkeys are front-panel buttons whose functions
are always the same. They have a label printed
directly on the key itself. Throughout this book,
hardkeys are printed like this: [Inst Mode].
2-The analyzer’s screen is divided into the menu
area and the display area. The menu area displays
video labels for the softkeys. The data area
displays measurement data and information about
the parameter settings.
3-The [Rtn]key returns the menu to the previous
level.
4-The POWER switch turns on the analyzer.
5-Use the SYSTEM keys to control various
system-level functions. These functions include
saving files, plotting measurement data, and
accessing online help.
6-Use the disk drive to save your work on 3.5
inch flexible disks.
7-The knob moves the markers and the cursor. It
also steps through numeric values and scrolls
through online help.
8-Use the DISPLAY keys to control what
appears on the analyzer’s traces. They only affect
how data is displayed; DISPLAY keys do not
change measurement parameters. You can press
keys in the DISPLAY menus without losing
measurement parameters.
9-Use the MARKER keys to select a variety of
marker features.
10-Use the MEASUREMENT keys to control the
analyzer’s source and inputs. They also control
measurement parameters. You must make a new
measurement if you change a
MEASUREMENT parameter.
11-Use the numeric-entry keys to enter a numeric
value.
12-The microphone power connector provides
power (8 Vdc) for the Microphone Adapter Kit
(Option UK4).
13-The connector area of the front panel has two
different configurations. The standard analyzer
has a source output connector and two input
connectors. The 4-channel analyzer (Option AY6)
has four input connectors.
Range indicators are located next to each input
connector. The upper LED is the over-range
indicator (the signal level exceeds the current
range setting). The lower LED is the half range
indicator (the signal level exceeds half the current
range setting).
14-A source on/off indicator is located at the left
edge of the connector area.
The standard Agilent 35670A (2-channel) has a
source connector on the front panel.

The Agilent 35670A at a Glance (Rear Panel)

Agilent 35670A Rear Panel
1-The GPIB connector links the Agilent 35670A
to other GPIB devices. GPIB parameters are set in
the [Local/GPIB]and [Plot/Print]menus.
2-The SERIAL PORT and the PARALLEL
PORT link the analyzer to plotters and printers.
These parameters are set in the [Plot/Print] menu.
3-The SOURCE connector outputs the analyzer’s
source signal. An LED on the front panel
indicates if the source is on or off. The source
parameters are set in the [Source]menu.
The standard Agilent 35670A (2-channel) also has
a source connector on the front panel.
4-The EXT TRIG connector links the analyzer to
an external trigger signal. The external trigger
parameters are set in the [Trigger]menu.
5-The TACH connector links the analyzer to a
tachometer. The tachometer parameters are set in
the [Input]menu.
6-The KEYBOARD connector attaches an
optional keyboard to the analyzer.
7-The DC POWER connector accepts DC power
levels from 12 - 28 Vdc (nominal).
8-The AC POWER connector accept a wide range
of ac voltage levels.
9-The POWER SELECT switch determines
whether the analyzer is powered via the AC
POWER connector or the DC POWER connector.
10-The EXT MONITOR port links the analyzer
to multi-sync monitors.

The following general safety precautions must be observed during all phases of
operation of this instrument. Failure to comply with these precautions or with
specific warnings elsewhere in this manual violates safety standards of design,
manufacture, and intended use of the instrument. Agilent Technologies, Inc.
assumes no liability for the customer’s failure to comply with these requirements.
GENERAL
This product is a Safety Class instrument (provided with a protective earth
terminal). The protective features of this product may be impaired if it is used in
a manner not specified in the operation instructions.
All Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) used in this product are Class LEDs as per
IEC 60825- .
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
This instrument is intended for indoor use in an installation category II,
pollution degree 2 environment. It is designed to operate at a maximum relative
humidity of 95% and at altitudes of up to 4600 meters. Refer to the
specifications tables for the ac mains voltage requirements and ambient
operating temperature range.
BEFORE APPLYING POWER
Verify that the product is set to match the available line voltage, the correct fuse
is installed, and all safety precautions are taken. Note the instrument’s external
markings described under Safety Symbols.
GROUND THE INSTRUMENT
To minimize shock hazard, the instrument chassis and cover must be connected
to an electrical protective earth ground. The instrument must be connected to
the ac power mains through a grounded power cable, with the ground wire
firmly connected to an electrical ground (safety ground) at the power outlet.
Any interruption of the protective (grounding) conductor or disconnection of
the protective earth terminal will cause a potential shock hazard that could
result in personal injury.
Safety Summary

FUSES
Only fuses with the required rated current, voltage, and specified type (normal
blow, time delay, etc.) should be used. Do not use repaired fuses or
short-circuited fuse holders. To do so could cause a shock or fire hazard.
DO NOT OPERATE IN AN EXPLOSIVE ATMOSPHERE
Do not operate the instrument in the presence of flammable gases or fumes.
DO NOT REMOVE THE INSTRUMENT COVER
Operating personnel must not remove instrument covers. Component
replacement and internal adjustments must be made only by qualified service
personnel.
Instruments that appear damaged or defective should be made inoperative and
secured against unintended operation until they can be repaired by qualified
service personnel.
WARNING The WARNING sign denotes h z rd. It c lls ttention to procedure,
pr ctice, or the like, which, if not correctly performed or dhered to,
could result in person l injury. Do not proceed beyond WARNING
sign until the indic ted conditions re fully understood nd met.
Caution The CAUTION sign denotes a hazard. It calls attention to an operating
procedure, or the like, which, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could
result in damage to or destruction of part or all of the product. Do not proceed
beyond a CAUTION sign until the indicated conditions are fully understood and
met.

S fety Symbols
Warning, risk of electric shock
Caution, refer to accompanying documents
Alternating current
Both direct and alternating current
Earth (ground) terminal
Protective earth (ground) terminal
Frame or chassis terminal
Terminal is at earth potential
Standby (supply) Units with this symbol are not completely disconnected from ac mains when
this switch is off

Regulatory Markings
The C-tick mark is a registered trademark of the Spectrum
Management Agency of Australia. This signifies compliance with
the Australian EMC Framework regulations under the terms of the
Radio Communications Act of 1992.
The CE mark is a registered trademark of the European
Community.
ICES/NMB-001 indicates that this ISM device complies with the
Canadian ICES-001.
Cet appareil ISM est confomre a la norme NMB-001 du Canada.
Contains one or more of the six hazardous substances above the
maximum concentration value (MCV), 40 Year EPUP.
The CSA mark is a registered trademark of the CSA-International.
This instrument complies with the WEEE Directive (2002/96/EC)
marketing requirement. The affixed product label indicates that you
must not discard this electrical/electronic product in domestic
household waste.

Table of Contents
Part I Making Measurements
Setting Up a Measurement Part I-1
1 Measuring Rotating Machinery
To connect transducers 1-2
To specify a transducer’s unit and sensitivity 1-3
To calibrate a transducer 1-4
To measure vibration power 1-6
To characterize a tachometer signal 1-8
To measure an order spectrum 1-10
To display an rpm-stepped order map 1-12
To display a time-stepped order map 1-13
To measure an order track 1-14
To display an rpm-stepped order track 1-16
To display a time-stepped order track 1-17
To display phase relative to the tachometer signal 1-18
To display an rpm profile 1-19
To display an orbit diagram 1-20
2 Measuring Structures
Measuring Structures 2-2
Impact Testing 2-8
To measure a driving point measurement 2-10
To view unwrapped phase of a driving point measurement 2-12
To view the real and imaginary components of a driving point
measurement 2-13
To preview the time record 2-14

3 Measuring Sound
To connect the microphone adapter (Option UK4) 3-2
To connect microphones 3-3
To calibrate a microphone 3-4
To measure sound pressure level 3-6
To measure overall sound pressure level 3-8
To measure overall impulse characteristics 3-9
4 Measuring Spectra and Networks
To measure a wideband spectrum 4-2
To measure a narrowband spectrum 4-4
To measure frequency and amplitude 4-5
To measure noise power (PSD) 4-6
To measure harmonic distortion 4-7
To measure sideband power 4-8
To display a spectral map 4-9
To measure frequency response—FFT 4-10
To measure frequency response—swept sine 4-12
To measure phase distortion 4-14
5 Measuring Control Systems
Measuring Control Systems 5-2
Measuring Control System Performance 5-6
To measure a step response 5-8
To measure performance parameters 5-10
Measuring Control System Stability 5-12
To measure an open loop response 5-14
To measure gain and phase margin 5-16
To display a Nyquist diagram. 5-17
To measure a closed loop response 5-18
To calculate the open loop response 5-20
6 The Arbitrary Source Option 1D4
The Arbitrary Source 6-2
To create a step signal 6-4
To create a ramp signal 6-6
To create a profiled chirp waveform 6-8

7 Using Time Capture
To prepare for filling the capture buffer 7-2
To allocate memory for the capture buffer 7-4
To fill the capture buffer 7-5
To save the capture buffer on a flexible disk 7-6
To recall a capture buffer from a flexible disk 7-7
To examine the capture buffer 7-8
To define an analysis region 7-9
To prepare for measuring from the capture buffer 7-10
To measure from the capture buffer 7-12
Part II Working with the Display
8 Displaying Measurement Data
To select the active trace 8-2
To display measurement data—one channel, one trace 8-3
To display measurement data—one channel, multiple traces 8-4
To display measurement data—multiple channels, multiple traces 8-5
To display a data register 8-6
To display a math function 8-7
9 Formatting the Display
To arrange traces on the screen 9-2
To enable global screen elements 9-3
To enable trace-specific screen elements 9-4
To enter your own trace title 9-5
To control the screen 9-6
To set up a waterfall display 9-7
To enhance a waterfall display 9-8
To display the waterfall buffer 9-9
To display one trace from the waterfall buffer 9-10
To display a slice through the waterfall buffer 9-11

10 Scaling the Display
To enable Y-axis autoscaling 10-2
To scale the Y-axis with Reference and Y Per Div softkeys 10-3
To set top and bottom values for the Y-axis 10-4
To scale the Y-axis with axes scale markers 10-5
To match Y-axis scaling of another trace 10-6
To scale the X-axis with axes scale markers 10-7
To match X-axis scaling of another trace 10-8
11 Selecting Display Units
To select a coordinate system 11-2
To select the frequency/time unit 11-3
To select the phase unit 11-4
To select the amplitude unit 11-5
To specify a transducer’s unit and sensitivity 11-6
To convert a displayed transducer unit 11-7
To display amplitude in dBm 11-8
Part III Using the Basics
12 Using Online Help
Todisplayhelpforakey12-2
To display a related help topic 12-3
To select a topic from the help index 12-4
To print a help topic 12-5
To exit the help system 12-6

13 Managing Files and Disks
Tosetupanexternaldisk13-2
To select the default disk 13-3
To format a flexible disk 13-4
To change the current DOS directory 13-5
To create a DOS directory 13-6
Tosaveatrace13-7
To save a program 13-8
To save other data 13-9
To recall a trace 13-10
To recall a program 13-11
To recall other data 13-12
To delete a file 13-13
To delete a DOS directory 13-14
To copy a file 13-15
To rename a file 13-16
14 Plotting and Printing
To set up your hardcopy device—parallel 14-2
To set up your hardcopy device—serial 14-3
To set up your hardcopy device—HP-IB 14-4
To plot screen contents 14-5
To print screen contents 14-6
To annotate a plot or print 14-7
To reassign plotter pens 14-8
To modify the plotting speed 14-9
To position a plot on the page 14-10

Part IV Using Advanced Tools
15 Synthesis Option 1D3
Synthesis 15-2
The Synthesis Table and Data Formats 15-4
To display a synthesis table — Pole-Zero Format 15-15
To select/convert a table format — Pole-Residue format 15-16
To select/convert a table format — Polynomial format 15-17
Creating a Synthesis Table 15-18
To create a synthesis table 15-22
To clear a synthesis table 15-24
Performing the Synthesis 15-25
To synthesize a frequency response curve 15-26
To change the data spacing for the X-axis 15-28
Working With Synthesis Tables 15-29
To edit an existing synthesis table 15-30
To save a synthesis table 15-31
To save a synthesis trace 15-32
To recall a synthesis table 15-33
To transfer a curve fit table to a synthesis table 15-34
To change the synthesis register 15-35
16 Curve Fit
Option 1D3
Curve Fit 16-2
Overview of Curve Fit Procedures 16-27
To set up a curve fit 16-30
To specify a weighting function 16-32
To perform a curve fit 16-33
To set up a curve fit — manual operation 16-34
Working with Curve Fit Tables 16-36
To edit a curve fit table 16-37
To transfer a curve fit table to a synthesis table 16-38
To compare a frequency response measurement to synthesized results 16-39
To save a curve fit table 16-40
To save a curve fit’s frequency response function 16-41
To recall a curve fit table 16-42
To change the curve fit register 16-43

17 Limit Testing
To draw a limit 17-2
To delete a limit segment 17-3
To convert a trace to a limit 17-4
To enable limit testing 17-5
To save a limit 17-6
18 Math Operations and Data Editing
Math Operations and Data Editing 18-2
To define a constant 18-4
To specify an operand within an operation 18-5
To define a function 18-7
To view the results of a math operation 18-8
To compute cepstrum 18-9
To compute a Hilbert transform 18-10
To calculate the envelope of a function 18-11
To compute the signal-to-noise ratio 18-12
To compute group delay 18-13
To modify a waveform 18-14

Setting Up a
Measurement
The following seven chapters present a variety of measurements you can make
with the Agilent 35670A and its options. Each chapter focuses on a different
type of measurement.
•Rotating Machinery Chapter 1
•Structures Chapter 2
•Sound/Acoustics Chapter 3
•Spectra and Networks Chapter 4
•Control Systems Chapter 5
In addition, the last two chapters show you how to use the analyzer’s optional
arbitrary source (chapter 6) and the analyzer’s time capture buffer (chapter 7).
Each measurement follows a basic procedure. Depending upon the
measurement, some steps may be eliminated or be revised. Generally, the
procedure is as follows:
1Initialize the analyzer.
2Make connections.
3Specify the measurement parameters.
4Specify the triggering and averaging parameters.
5Configure the display.
6Measure the device-under-test (DUT).
In the event that the specific measurement you wish to make is not presented in
this book, look for a similar measurement and use the procedure as a guideline.
In some cases, the procedure will instruct you to select a preset value. This is
done to acquaint you with the menu selections and give you the opportunity to
select a different setting.
The following discussion presents an overview of the basic measurement.
Detailed information is presented for each step to assist you in making the
appropriate selection.
Part I-1

Initialize the analyzer
This step initializes the analyzer to a known state, selects the instrument mode
and the number of channels, and measurement data.
Preset
Most measurements begin by presetting the analyzer to a known state. this
known state provides a convenient starting point when you are setting up a
measurement.
Instrument mode / number of channels
When you specify an instrument mode you are asking the analyzer to acquire
input data and process it in a certain way. When equipped with a full
complement of options, the Agilent 35670A functions as a spectrum analyzer,
network analyzer, acoustic sound level meter, acoustic intensity analyzer,
vibration analyzer, audio-frequency oscilloscope and amplitude-domain
analyzer.
To use each of these different “instruments,” you can press the [Inst Mode]
hardkey. Then press the appropriate softkey to select an appropriate instrument
mode. The standard Agilent 35670A is equipped with the following
instrument modes:
•FFT Analysis
•Correlation Analysis
•Histogram/Time
Additionally, your Agilent 35670A may be equipped with the following
optional instrument modes.
•Octave Analysis
•Order Analysis
•Swept Sine
Some measurement features are unavailable with certain instrument modes.
(An inactive softkey appears “ghosted.”) Softkey menus change depending on
the instrument mode you have selected. The preset instrument mode is FFT
analysis.
Agilent 35670A
Setting Up a Measurement Operator's Guide
Part I-2