Alfalaval M15 User manual

Description English
Plate Heat Exchanger 1
eng
eng
Description
Main components
Bolt
protection
Support
column
Frame plate
Connections
Holes through the
frame plate, permitting
the media to enter into
the heat exchanger.
Threaded studs
around the holes se-
cure the pipes to the
apparatus. Metallic or
rubber-type linings
may be used to pro-
tect the holes against
corrosion.
Tightening bolts
Press the channel
plates together.
Pressure plate
Moveable steel plate. In some cases
pipes may be connected to the
pressure plate.
Channel plates
Heat is transferred from one medium to
the other through the thin channel plates.
The number of plates determines the total
heat transfer surface.
Guiding bar
Keeps the channel
plates in line at their
lower end.
Protective sheets
Supplied on request.
Carrying bar
Carries the channel plates
and the pressure plate.

English Description
2Plate Heat Exchanger
eng
eng
Function
The plate heat exchanger consists of a pack of
corrugated metal plates with portholes for the pas-
sage of the two fluids between which heat transfer
will take place.
The plate pack is assembled between a frame
plate and a pressure plate and compressed by
tightening bolts. The plates are fitted with a gasket
which seals the channel and directs the fluids into
alternate channels. The plate corrugation pro-
motes fluid turbulence and supports the plates
against differential pressure.
The B-plate is a plate
hanging with the chev-
ron pointing upwards.
The A-plate is a plate
hanging with the chevron
pointing downwards.

Installation English
Plate Heat Exchanger 3
eng
eng
Installation
Requirements
Note!
• Before connecting any piping, make sure
all foreign objects have been rinsed out of
the system.
• When connecting the pipe system make
sure the pipes do not subject the plate heat
exchanger to stress or strain.
• To avoid water hammer, do not use fast-
closing valves.
Safety valves should be installed according to
current pressure vessel regulations.
If PHE surface temperature is expected to be hot
or cold, the PHE should be isolated.
It is recommended that protective sheets are
used to cover the PHE.
For each model, design pressures and tempera-
tures are marked on the identification plate.
Those must not be exceeded.
Shut-off valves
To be able to open the
heat exchanger, shut-off
valves should be provid-
ed in all connections.
Space
1500 mm minimum free
space is needed for lifting
plates in and out.
Multi-pass units:
Connections on the pressure plate
It is important that the plate pack has been
tightened to the correct measurement
(check against drawing) before the pipe is
connected.
Foundation
Install on a flat foundation
giving enough support to
the frame.
Elbow
To make it easier to
disconnect the plate
heat exchanger, an el-
bow should be flanged
to the connection in the
pressure plate, direct-
ed upwards or side-
ways, and with another
flange located just out-
side the contour of the
heat exchanger.

English Installation
4Plate Heat Exchanger
eng
eng
Lifting
M15, TL10, T20, TS20 MX25, M30, MA30
TL35
Warning!
Never lift by the connections or the studs
around them. Straps should be used when
lifting. Place straps according to picture.
β
β
β
45
°
β
β
β>45
°

Installation English
Plate Heat Exchanger 5
eng
eng
Raising
Place two timber beams on the floor.
Lift the heat exchanger off pallet using e.g.
straps.
Place the heat exchanger on the timber
beams.
Place straps around one bolt on each side.
Lift the heat exchanger off the timber
beams.
Lower the heat exchanger to horizontal
position and place it on the floor.
1
2
3
4
5
6

English Operation
6Plate Heat Exchanger
eng
eng
Operation
Start-up
Check that measurement A is correct. For
A, see enclosed PHE-drawing.
Check that the valve is closed between the
pump and the unit controlling the system
flowrate.
If there is a valve at the exit, make sure it
is fully open.
Open the vent and start the pump.
Open the valve slowly.
When all air is out, close the vent.
Repeat steps 1–6 for the second media.
Note!
If several pumps are included in the sys-
tem, make sure you know which one
should be activated first.
Note!
Adjustments of flowrates should be made
slowly in order to avoid the risk of water
hammer.
Water hammer is a shortlasting pressure
peak that can appear during start-up or
shut-down of a system, causing liquids to
travel along a pipe as a wave at the speed
of sound. This can cause considerable
damage to the equipment.
1
2
Closed
Open
3
4
Open
5
Open slowly
6
Close
7

Operation English
Plate Heat Exchanger 7
eng
eng
Unit in operation
During operation, check that
media temperatures and pressures are within
the limits stated on the PHE-drawing
no leakages appear due to faulty tightening
of the plate pack or to defective or damaged
gaskets
carrying bar and guiding bar are kept clean
and greased
the bolts are kept clean and greased.
Always consult your local Alfa Laval office for
advice on
• new plate pack dimensions if you intend to
change number of plates
• selection of gasket material if operating temper-
atures and pressures are permanently
changed, or if another medium is to be proc-
essed in the PHE.
Shut-down
Slowly close the valve controlling the flow-
rate of the pump you are about to stop.
When the valve is closed, stop the pump.
Repeat steps 1–2 for the other side.
If the heat exchanger is shut down for sev-
eral days or longer, it should be drained.
Draining should also be done if the proc-
ess is shut down and the ambient temper-
ature is below freezing temperature of the
media. Depending on the media proc-
essed, it is also recommended to rinse and
dry it.
Note!
Adjustments of flowrates should be made
slowly in order to protect the system
against sudden and extreme variations of
temperature and pressure.
No leakage
Clean and
greased
Note!
If several pumps are included in the system,
make sure you know which one should be
stopped first.
1
Close
2
3
4

English Maintenance
8Plate Heat Exchanger
eng
eng
Maintenance
Cleaning-In-Place (CIP)
The Cleaning-In-Place (CIP) equipment permits
cleaning of the plate heat exchanger without open-
ing it.
If CIP cannot be done, cleaning must be per-
formed manually, see section “Manual cleaning”
CIP performs
• cleaning of fouling and descaling of lime
deposits
• passivation of cleaned surfaces to reduce sus-
ceptibility to corrosion
• neutralization of cleaning liquids before drain-
ing.
Follow the instructions of the CIP equipment.
The following CIP models can be used: CIP75,
CIP200, CIP400 and CIP800.
Cleaning liquids
Cleaning liquid Description
AlfaCaus A strong alkaline liquid, for removing paint, fat, oil and biological deposits.
AlfaPhos An acid cleaning liquid for removing metallic oxides, rust, lime and other
inorganic scale.
AlfaPass An alkaline liquid for passivation (inhibition of corrosion).
AlfaNeutra A strong alkaline liquid for neutralization of AlfaPhos before drainage.
Alfa P-Scale An acidic cleaning powder with a corrosion inhibitor particularly effective
for removing of calcium carbonate and other inorganic scale.
Alfa P-Neutra An alkaline powder for neutralization of used Alfa P-Scale prior to dis-
posal.
AlfaAdd A neutral cleaning strengthener to be used with AlfaPhos, AlfaCaus and
Alfa P-Scale. Provides better cleaning results on oily, fatty surfaces and
where biological growth occurs. AlfaAdd also reduces any foaming.
Alpacon Descalant An acidic, water based, non-hazardous cleaning agent designed for
removal of scale, magnetite, algae, humus, mussels, shellfish, lime and
rust. Containing BIOGEN ACTIVE, a biological mixture made from renew-
able materials, as an active ingredient.
Alpacon Degreaser A neutral degreaser to be used with Alpacon Descalant. Effectively
removes oil, fat or grease layers, but also reduces foaming. Containing
BIOGEN ACTIVE, a biological mixture made from renewable materials,
as an active ingredient.

Maintenance English
Plate Heat Exchanger 9
eng
eng
Manual cleaning
Opening
Drain the plate heat exchanger.
Inspect the sliding surfaces of the carrying
bar and wipe clean.
Warning!
To avoid hand injuries owing to sharp edges,
protective gloves should always be worn
when handling plates and protective sheets.
Warning!
If the heat exchanger is
hot, wait until it has cooled
down to about 40 °C
(104 °F).
1
2

English Maintenance
10 Plate Heat Exchanger
eng
eng
Mark the plate assembly on the outside by
a diagonal line.
Measure and note down the dimension A.
Loosen the bolts which are not fitted with
bearing boxes and remove them.
The pairs of bolts that are fitted with bear-
ing boxes are opened alternately and diag-
onally in two steps, see figures below.
Be careful so that the frame plate and
pressure plate are always in parallel.
Skewing of the pressure plate during open-
ing must not exceed 10 mm (2 turns per
bolt) across the width and 25 mm (5 turns
per bolt) vertically.
Step 1: Loosen the four bolts alternately
and diagonally until the plate package
measures 1,05A.
Step 2: Loosen the two diagonal pairs of
bolts are loosened alternately, as shown in
the figure below.
3
Mark
4
5
Remove
the bolts
Remove
the bolts
Step Bolt No. To dimension
1 1–2–3–4 1,05A
2 1–2 or 3–4 Opening
6

Maintenance English
Plate Heat Exchanger 11
eng
eng
Open the plate pack by letting the pressure
plate glide on the carrying bar.
If plates are to be numbered, do this before
removing the plates.
Plates need not to be removed if cleaning
is done using only water, i.e. without clean-
ing agent.
7
Remove
the plates

English Maintenance
12 Plate Heat Exchanger
eng
eng
Manual cleaning of opened units
Deposits removable with water and brush
Plates need not to be removed from the plate heat exchanger during cleaning.
Remove deposits using a soft brush and
running water.
Rinse with water using a high pressure
hose.
Deposits not removable with water and brush
Plates must be removed from the plate heat exchanger during cleaning.
Brush with cleaning agent. Rinse with water.
Caution!
Never use hydrochloric acid with
stainless steel plates. Water of more
than 330 ppm Cl may not be used for
the preparation of cleaning solutions.
It is very important that carrying bars
and support columns in aluminium
are protected against chemicals.
Note!
Be careful not to damage the gasket dur-
ing manual cleaning.
1
2
1
2

Maintenance English
Plate Heat Exchanger 13
eng
eng
Cleaning agents – Incrustation, scaling
Concentration max 4 %
Temperature max 60 °C (140 °F)
Incrustation – Scaling Sediment Cleaning agent
Calcium carbonate Corrosion products Nitric acid
Calcium sulphate Metal oxides Sulfamic acid
Silicates Silt Citric acid
Alumina Phosphoric acid
Diatomic organisms and
their excrement of various
colours
Complexing agents (EDTA, NTA)
Sodium polyphosphates
Cleaning agents – Biological growth, slime
Concentration max 4 %
Temperature max 80 °C (176 °F)
Biological growth – Slime Cleaning agent
Bacteria Sodium hydroxide
Nematodes Sodium carbonate
Protozoa Cleaning effect can be considerably increased by the addition of
small quantities of hypochlorite or agents for the formation of com-
plexes and surfactants.
Cleaning agents – Oil residues, asphalt, fats
Deposit Cleaning agent
Oil residues
Asphalt
Fats
Paraffinic naphta-based solvent (e.g. kerosine).
Note!
Gaskets in EPDM rubber qualities swell in these media. Contact
time should be limited to 30 minutes.
Caution!
The following solutions should not be used:
• Ketones (e.g. Acetone, Methyletylke-
tone, Methylisobutylketone
• Esters (e.g. Ethylacetate, Butylacetate)
• Halogenated hydrocarbons (e.g. Chlo-
rothene, Carbon tetrachloride, Freons)
• Aromatics (e.g. Benzene, Toluene).

English Maintenance
14 Plate Heat Exchanger
eng
eng
Closing
Check that all the sealing surfaces are
clean.
Brush the threads of the bolts clean, using
a steel wire brush. Lubricate the threads
with a thin layer of grease, e.g. Gleitmo
800 or equivalent.
Attach gaskets to the plates or check that
all the gaskets are properly attached.
Insert the plates with the herring bone pat-
tern positioned in alternate directions and
with the gaskets turned towards the frame
plate.
Press the plate assembly together. Tight-
ening is done in two steps, see figures be-
low. Be careful so that the frame plate and
the pressure plate are always in parallel.
Step 1: Tighten the two diagonal pairs of
bolts alternately until the plate package
measures 1,10A.
Step 2: After that bolts are tightened alter-
nately and diagonally, as shown in the fig-
ure below. Check the dimension A during
tightening at the positions of the bolts that
are being used.
1
2
3
Note!
If the gasket is wrongly positioned, it will
show by the fact that it rises out of the gas-
ket groove or that it is positioned outside
the groove.
4
Step Bolt No. To dimension
1 1–2 or 3–4 1,10A
2 1–2–3–4 A
5

Maintenance English
Plate Heat Exchanger 15
eng
eng
Max tightening torque
For manual tightening, the tightening torque has to
be estimated.
If dimension A cannot be reached
• Check the number of plates and the dimension A.
• Check that all the nuts and bearing boxes are
running freely. If not, clean and lubricate, or
replace.
The dimension A can be exceeded in exceptional
cases. The following plate package lengths could
then be accepted:
Place the other bolts in position.
• Inspect the washers.
• When fully tightened, the bolts should
all be equally tensioned.
• The difference between the plate pack-
age lengths (the dimension A) meas-
ured at adjacent bolts should not
exceed:
– 2 mm when A <1000 mm
– 4 mm when A >1000 mm.
• The plate package length at all bolts
must not differ more than 1 %.
• If the unit does not seal fully, it can be
tightened to give dimension A – 1 %.
The maximum tightening torque must
not, however, be exceeded.
If the plates are correctly assembled, the
edges form a “honeycomb” pattern, see
picture below.
Bolt
size
Bolt with bearing
box
Bolt with washers
N·mkpmN·mkpm
M24 450 45
M30 900 90
M39 1300 130 2000 200
M48 2100 210 3300 330
Plate package length/plate Plate package
length (dimension A)
>4 mm A + 1 %
3–4 mm A + 1,5 %
<3 mm A + 2 %
Note!
When a pneumatic tightening device is used,
see table below for maximum torque. Meas-
ure dimension A during tightening.
6
7

English Maintenance
16 Plate Heat Exchanger
eng
eng
Pressure test after maintenance
Before start-up of production, whenever plates or
gaskets have been removed, inserted or ex-
changed, it is strongly recommended to perform a
pressure test to confirm the internal and external
sealing function of the PHE. At this test, one media
side at the time must be tested with the other side
open to the atmosphere.
The pressure testing shall be performed at a pres-
sure equal to the operating pressure of the actual
unit but never above the design pressure as stated
on the nameplate.
The recommended test time is 10 minutes.
Please note that PHE units for refrigeration appli-
cations and units with media not mixable with wa-
ter must be dried after hydrostatic pressure
testing.
Please consult the local office/representative of
the supplier for advice on the pressure testing pro-
cedure.

Maintenance English
Plate Heat Exchanger 17
eng
eng
Regasketing
Clip-on gaskets
Open the plate heat exchanger according
to page 9, and remove the plate that is to
have a new gasket.
Remove the old gasket.
Assure that all sealing surfaces are dry,
clean and free of foreign matters.
Attach the clip-on gasket to the plate. Slip
the gasket prongs under the edge of the
plate.
Proceed with the next plate to be regasket-
ed until all plates in need of regasketing
are done with.
Close the plate heat exchanger according
to page 14.
Clip-AD gaskets (MX25)
The Clip-AD gasket represents a system with the
conventional Clip-on fastening around the ports and
fastening by means of adhesive tape along the sides
of the plates.
The use of the adhesive tape (GC1) is a simple way
to obtain secure gasket positioning. It is adhered to
the gasket groove by means of a special tape pistol,
making it easy to apply the tape exactly where want-
ed.
Open the plate heat exchanger according
to page 9, and remove the plate that is to
have a new gasket.
Remove the old gasket.
It is not necessary to remove old tapes as
the film is very thin. Make sure, however,
that the gasket groove is clean and dry.
Adhere tape, using the pistol.
1
2
3
4
Note!
Make sure the two gasket prongs are in
correct position.
5
6
1
2
3
4

English Maintenance
18 Plate Heat Exchanger
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eng
Attach the gasket to the plate. Slip the gas-
ket prongs under the edge of the plate.
Close the plate heat exchanger according
to page 14.
Glued gaskets
Separate gluing instructions will be delivered to-
gether with the glue.
5
6