Alien ALR-9890 - RR User manual

ALIEN TECHNOLOGY®
HARDWARE
SETUP GUIDE
ALR-9890 - RR
Aug 2006
ALR
-
9890
-
RR

Legal No ices
Copyright ©2006 Alien Technology Corporation. All rights reserved.
Alien Technology Corporation has intellectual property rights relating to technology embodied in the products
described in this document, including without limitation certain patents or patent pending applications in the U.S. or
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software is copyrighted and licensed from Licensors. Alien, Alien Technology, the Alien logo, Nanoblock, FSA,
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document are trademarks of Alien Technology Corporation in the U.S. and other countries. All other trademarks are
the property of their respective owners. U.S. Government approval required when exporting the product described in
this documentation.
Federal Acquisitions: Commercial Software -- Government Users Subject to Standard License Terms and
Conditions. U.S. Government: If this Software is being acquired by or on behalf of the U.S. Government or by a
U.S. Government prime contractor or subcontractor (at any tier), then the Government's rights in the Software and
accompanying documentation shall be only as set forth in this license; this is in accordance with 48 C.F.R. 227.7201
through 227.7202-4 (for Department of Defense (DoD) acquisitions) and with 48 C.F.R. 2.101 and 12.212 (for non-
DoD acquisitions).
DOCUMENTATION IS PROVIDED “AS IS” AND ALL EXPRESS OR IMPLIED CONDITIONS,
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARANTEES, INCLUDING ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF
MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR NON-INFRINGMENT ARE HEREBY
DISCLAIMED, EXCEPT TO THE EXTENT THAT SUCH DISCLAIMERS ARE HELD TO BE LEGALLY
INVALID.
FCC Compliance (RF Devices)
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with Part 90 of the FCC Rules and Regulations. A separate
site license is required for each installation. It is the responsibility of the system integrator/installer or user to obtain
the site license.
FCC Compliance (Digital Devices)
This equipment had been tested and found to comply with the limits of Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of
the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the
equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency
energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference with
radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in
which the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense.
Any change or modification to this product voids the user authority to operate per FCC Part 15 Subpart A. Section
15.21 regulations.
Cau ion
The ALR 9890 – RR is a source of RF energy. When connected to a system including an antenna the radiated RF
emissions must be evaluated in accordance with FCC OET Bulletin 56 “Hazards of radio frequency and
electromagnetic fields” and Bulletin 65 “Human exposure to radio frequency electromagnetic fields” and
appropriate precautions implemented. All individuals working on or near the antenna should not be closer than
1.71 feet (52 CM) to the antenna when the RFID reader is operating into a 10 dBi antenna. This is the
minimum distance for human exposure recommended by FCC OET Bulletin 56.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
ALR-9890 – RR HARDWARE SETUP GUIDE
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Alien Technology®
Hardware Se up Guide
ALR-9890 - RR
Aug 2006
Table of Con en s
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 1
Audience ....................................................................................................................................................... 1
RFID Reader Overview ................................................................................................................................. 1
UHF RFID Tags ............................................................................................................................................ 2
Requirements................................................................................................................................................ 2
Specifications ................................................................................................................................................ 3
RFID Reader........................................................................................................................................... 3
Mechanical: Reader Physical Size ........................................................................................................ 4
RS-232 Port Pinouts ............................................................................................................................... 5
RS-232 Connector (Female) – Looking at Reader ..........................................................................5
IO Port Terminal Interface ...................................................................................................................... 5
I/O Port Screw Terminal (Female) – Looking at Reader.................................................................. 6
System Architecture ............................................................................................................................... 6
CHAPTER 2 READER HARDWARE INSTALLATION AND OPERATION ................................................7
Receiving the RFID Reader .......................................................................................................................... 7
Reader I/O Panel .................................................................................................................................... 7
Diagnostic LEDs ..................................................................................................................................... 8
Antenna Panel ........................................................................................................................................ 9
System Assembly and Bench Test ............................................................................................................. 10
Bench Test Configuration ..................................................................................................................... 10
Input Configuration ............................................................................................................................... 13
Bench Test Procedure .......................................................................................................................... 14
Installation ................................................................................................................................................... 15
Requirements ....................................................................................................................................... 15
Hardware Installation Procedure ..........................................................................................................15
System Operation: Software Control .......................................................................................................... 20
Reader Interface Guide ........................................................................................................................ 20
Demonstration Software Guide ............................................................................................................ 20
Alien RFID Academy ............................................................................................................................ 20

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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
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CHAPTER 1
In roduc ion
This Hardware Setup Guide provides instructions for installing and operating the
ALR-9890 RFID Readers.
This document is designed for use by RFID system integrators and software
developers - those who wish to develop software products and extended systems
that take full advantage of the RFID Reader's capabilities.
Audience
For the purposes of this document, we assume the readers of the Hardware
Setup Guide:
 Are competent PC users
 Have minimal previous knowledge of Radio-Frequency Identification
(RFID) technology and be competent in the installation of RF antenna
and cabling.
 Are experienced in software development and/or hardware systems
integration
RFID Reader Overview
The Alien ALR-9890 RFID reader is designed to read any tag conforming to the
Association of American Railroads Standard for Automatic Equipment
Identification - AAR S-918 protocol (commonly found on rail cars) or EPC Class 1
Generation 2 protocol. Additionally the reader detects input event timing and
issue event reports (tag reads and IO events) to a host computer system. The
host computer can be locally connected to the reader via RS-232, or at a remote
network location.
The RFID Reader is delivered with the following components and accessories:
 One (1) RFID Reader
 One (1) power supply and cord
 Two circulator assemblies
The reader is intended to be operated in a system comprising the reader, its
power supply, two circulator assemblies and one or two external antennas. Each
individual system installation requires a site license issued by the FCC. It is the
responsibility of the system integrator/installer or user to obtain the site license.

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UHF RFID Tags
The Alien ALR-9890 RFID reader is designed to read any tag conforming to AAR
S-918 (commonly found on rail cars) or EPC Class 1 Generation 2 protocols.
Rail tags are both “passive” and “semi-passive”. EPC tags are passive only.
Passive tags derive their operating power from the incident RF field of the reader
through rectification of the incident wave. Semi passive tags derive their
operating power from a battery or other power source.
Both passive and semi-passive tags communicate with the reader through
backscatter modulation in which the tags do not actually transmit RF energy.
Instead, they change their reflective characteristics in a systematic way and
reflect RF energy back to the reader. An analogy to this is the way you can use
a mirror to transmit information by reflecting light from the Sun.
Requirements
To interface with the ALR – 9890 Reader you will need the following:
 A PC running Windows 98 or higher, with CD-ROM drive, an available
RS-232 serial port, and Ethernet connectivity
 Standard 120/220 VAC 50/60 Hz
 Power supply and cord (included with reader)
 Host software (Alien Gateway demo software or your own custom
software)

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Specifications
Specifications for key components of the RFID Reader system are provided in
the tables below:
RFID Reader
Name Alien Railroad Reader
Model Number ALR 9890 - RR
Operating Frequency 910.75 MHz – 920.75 MHz
Channels 21 Fixed Frequency hannels (User selected based on site license)
Channel Spacing 500 KHz
RF Transmitter 33 dBm
Modulation Method Vector Modulation
RF Receiver 2 hannels
Power Consumption 45 Watts (120 VA at 600 mA)
Communications nterface RS-232 (DB-9 F), T PI/IP (RJ-45)
Reader RF nterface 4 reverse polarity TN connector antenna ports (note 1)
Antenna nterface
(See Antenna Note below)
A circulator assembly interfaces to two reader antenna ports
(RP-TN plug) and one external antenna port (Type N jack)
nputs/Outputs 4 optically isolated inputs, serial com port, LAN, power
Dimensions (L) 9.0” (22.9 cm) x (W) 11” (28 cm) x (D) 2.22” (5.6 cm)
Weight Approximately 1.8 kg (4 lb)
Operating Temperature 0° to +50° (+32 °F to +122°F)
LED ndicators Power, Link, Active, Ant0-3, PU, Read, Sniff, Fault (red)
Compliance Certification F Part 90 (Site license required) note 1
UL 60950-1
Note 1: This product has been designed to be compliant with FCC part
90 (LMS) requirements when using antennas with not more than 10 dBi
of gain.
Professional installers: Ensure your location does not use
more than 10 dBi gain antennas.

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Mechanical: Reader Physical Size
Figure 1 - Outline Drawing of the ALR-9890 - RR

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RS-232 Port Pinouts
RS-232 Connector (Female DB-9F)
Pin 1 DCD Connected to Pin 6
Pin 2 TR1 Transmit Data (Output)
Pin 3 RC1 Receive Data (Input)
Pin 4 DTR Connected to Pin 6
Pin 5 Ground
Pin 6 DSR Connected to Pin 4
Pin 7 RTS Connected to Pin 8
Pin 8 CTS Connected to Pin 7
Pin 9 Not Connected
RS-232 CONNECTOR (FEMALE) – LOOKING AT READER
IO Port Terminal Interface
I/O Port Screw Terminal Connector (Female
DB-9M)
Pin 1 V+
Pin 2 Not connected
Pin 3 Not connected
Pin 4 Not connected
Pin 5 Not connected
Pin 6 Not connected
Pin 7 Not connected
Pin 8 Not connected
Pin 9 Not connected
Pin 10 Input 0
Pin 11 Input 1
Pin 12 Input 2
Pin 13 Input 3
Pin 14 V-
54321
9 8 7 6

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I/O PORT SCREW TERMINAL (FEMALE) – LOOKING AT READER
1
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
System Architecture
Antenna
Switch
RF
Modulator
RF
Receiver
RF Source
Digital
Control
Circuitry
Host
Communication
Interface
A0
A1
A2
A3
Figure 2 - System Architecture for the ALR-9890 – RR Reader

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CHAPTER 2
Reader Hardware Ins alla ion and Opera ion
This chapter describes the RFID Reader and provides installation and operation
information.
Receiving the RFID Reader
Your RFID Reader is shipped as an individual reader kit with the items listed
below. Please verify the contents of your received shipment before assembling.
 RFID Reader
 Power supply and cable
 Circulator Assembly
Reader I/O Panel
The I/O panel (shown below) houses the following:
 14-pin female I/O terminal block
 LAN TCP/IP port
 9-pin D female RS-232 serial port
 Power connector
Figure 3 - ALR-9890 –RR Reader Connections
I/O Terminal
LAN
RS
-
232
Power

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Diagnostic LEDs
The ALR-9890 - RR includes diagnostic LEDs on the face of the reader to
provide easy and convenient external indication for various operating conditions:
 POWER (green) - indicates power is applied to the reader
 LINK (green) – indicates that the reader is connected to the network
 ACTIVE (green) – indicates reader is transmitting on the network
 ANT 0 – ANT 3 (green) – indicates that the reader is transmitting power
on the specified antenna port
 CPU (green) – indicates that the CPU has booted successfully and is
running normally.
 READ (green) – indicates that the reader is receiving data from a tag
 SNIFF (green) – indicates a tag signal has been detected, though it may
not be strong enough yet to complete a transaction.
 FAULT (red) – indicates a fault condition with the reader.
Figure 4 – ALR-9890 – RR Reader Diagnostic LEDs

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Antenna Panel
The antenna panel (opposite the reader’s I/O panel) contains four coax antenna
connector ports as shown below. These are reverse-polarity TNC connectors.
Also included on this panel is the Listen Before Talk (LBT) connector (unused in
this model).
Figure 5 - Antenna Connections

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System Assembly and Bench Test
Assembling the RFID Reader system is easy. We recommend you set up the
system and verify its operation in a bench test configuration before installing it in
a production setting.
Bench Test Configuration
1. Place the Reader on a tabletop. Ensure the following conditions:
 A standard 120 or 220 VAC outlet is nearby.
Figure 6 - RS-232, LAN, and Power Connections
 Sufficient space is available on the tabletop for the reader, circulator
assembly and antenna.
2. Connect the RS-232 cable to the reader.
 Align the male cable connector so that its shape and pins match the
shape and holes of the female DB-9 RS-232 port.
Figure 7 - RS-232 Connector
 Push the aligned connector into the port.
 Finger-tighten the screws to secure the cable/connector to the reader.
3. Connect the RS-232 cable to the serial port on the PC.
 Settings for RS-232 are 115200 Bits per second, 8 data bits, no parity, 1
stop bit, and no flow control.
 Start up terminal software on the PC, such as HyperTerminal with these
settings, and be prepared to observe the reader's messages as it boots
up.
 The RS-232 port serves only as console output for the reader at this
time. It displays useful information while the reader boots, including
network settings.

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4. Connect the Ethernet cable to the reader and PC or LAN.
 You must use TCP/IP to communicate with the reader, so connect a
standard ethernet cable from the reader to a nearby LAN drop or network
switch.
 You may alternatively use a cross-over ethernet cable and connect the
reader directly to the PC.
 The reader comes pre-configured to look for a DHCP server to set its
network parameters. In the absence of a DHCP server, the reader will
use the following settings:
 IP Address: 192.168.1.100
 Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0
 Gateway: 192.168.1.1
5. Connect the power supply to the reader.
 Using the thin cable attached to power supply, push the connector into
the port until it is securely seated. Do not plug the power supply into the
wall outlet yet.
 Finger-tighten the securing ring onto the connector.
 The ALR-9890 – RR power supply has a safety feature that turns the
power supply off in the event that it detects an abnormal AC line
condition. When this happens, the green LED on the power supply brick
will not be lit. To reset the power supply, unplug the AC power cord from
the wall or power strip, and plug the power cord back in.
6. Connect the antenna(s) to the reader.
The reader may be used in a multi-static or mono-static mode. In the multi-
static mode each antenna port is connected to a separate antenna. In the
mono-static mode a circulator assembly is used to split the transmit and
receive paths.
Multi-static Case
 Connect the antennas to the individual ports. Refer to Applications Note
AN17001.
Mono-static Case (Install Circulator Assemblies)
Caution: It is important to connect the correct circulator port to its
associated antenna port. Damage to the reader may result if they are
connected incorrectly.
 Antenna port 0 of the reader is on the top right-side, if viewing the reader
from the front with the flange side down. It has been labeled for
convenient identification. The ALR-9890 – RR has four (4) antenna
ports.
 The circulator assembly cables are labeled Ant 0, 1, 2 and 3 and Ant A
or B.
 Align the Ant 0 coax cable’s center pin and push into the corresponding
port.

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 Screw the fitting from the cable end onto the reader connector clockwise
until finger-tight to secure the cable to the reader.
 Connect the remaining antenna cables (Ant 1, 2 and 3) to their
respective ports and tighten fittings clockwise until finger-tight.
 Align the Ant A coax cable’s center pin and push into the corresponding
port.
 Screw the fitting from the cable end onto the reader connector clockwise
until finger-tight to secure the cable to the reader.
 Repeat this process for ANT – B if required.
 If using the Alien Gateway software, please note that ANT 0 is selected
by default when first initialized.
7. Plug power cord into power supply.
 Use the female end of a standard 3-pronged power cord (a power cord is
included with each reader)
8. Plug the power supply cable into the wall outlet and verify power.
 The green POWER LED will illuminate when power is on.
9. Observe the reader's bootup trace, and determine the network settings.
Toward the end of the trace, the reader displays a block of text similar to the
following:
=============================================
---------------------------------------------
Network Settings:
MAC Address : 00:80:66:10:2D:12
DHCP : 1
IP Address : 10.9.8.10
Netmask : 255.255.255.0
Gateway : 10.9.8.2
DNS : 10.9.8.1
TimeServer : time-a.timefreq.bldrdoc.gov
TimeZone : -7
---------------------------------------------
=============================================
10. Ensure the PC has compatible network settings.
 In order for you to be able to connect to the reader over TCP/IP, the host
PC must be on the same subnet as the reader. If you are unfamiliar with
how to do this, consult your local IT service for assistance.
 Once the initial connection is made, you may configure your reader's
network settings as you choose. Refer to the Reader Interface Guide for
instructions on how to do this.

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Input Configuration
The Reader includes four optically isolated inputs. These may be used to notify
the reader of external events. The reader can react to and/or report the
occurrence and timing of input events. The reader inputs are designed to accept
a 5 volt signal. The absolute maximum is 8 volts. The user must supply an
external fixed voltage power supply to drive the optically isolated circuits.
The input circuit consists of a 1 kohm resistor in series with a photo diode. The
cathode of the diode is connected to the V- pin of the IO connector. The input is
energized by supplying +5 volts DC between the input pin and the V- pin of the
IO connector. The input is de-energized by opening the connection to the input
pin of the connector.
The external power supply can be 12 or 24 volts. A quarter watt resistor is
required in the input circuit so that the voltage to the input is approximately 5
volts when energized. The resistor value for 24 volts is ~3.6 kohm athe input
circuit to account for all voltage drops and power dissipation for proper operation
and reliable performance in the intended application.
You are now ready to bench test or demonstrate the RFID Reader system.

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Bench Test Procedure
The ALR 9890 – RR is a source of RF energy. When connected to a
system including an antenna the radiated RF emissions must be
evaluated in accordance with FCC OET Bulletin 56 “Hazards of radio
frequency and electromagnetic fields” and Bulletin 65 “Human
exposure to radio frequency electromagnetic fields” and appropriate
precautions implemented. Avoid close, prolonged exposure to the RF
emissions through good laboratory practice including:
 Turn off transmission when not making measurements
 Aim antenna away from personnel when in use.
 Maximize distance between the antenna and people.
1. Access an operational mode suitable for bench testing.
 The reader defaults to the AAR – S-918 protocol on boot up.
 Reading of Class 1 Generation 2 tags may be enabled under command
in the Gateway application.
 Refer to the applicable software application user guide for specific
instructions.
2. Position the reader so you can see the diagnostic LEDs.
 You may also want to position the PC so you can view the monitor
simultaneously for later tests.
3. Move a tag slowly away from the antenna’s range.
 Begin with the tag well inside the expected read range (~2m or 6 ft) and
move it toward the antenna while observing the LEDs.
4. Verify the SNIFF LED illuminates when the tag approaches the read
window.
 SNIFF should be illuminated green.
5. Verify the READ LED illuminates when the tag is inside the read
window.
 READ should be illuminated green.
6. Verify the host receives the tag data.
 Refer to indications specified in applicable user guide to verify the tag
was read successfully.
7. If bench test conditions are verified, proceed to installation.
NOTE: To perform a hard reboot of the system, simply cycle power on the reader.

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Installation
This section provides guidance for configuring components in your RFID system.
You should consider the overall design of your specific system before
permanently mounting the equipment. The reader is designed and certified for
indoor operation.
Installation involves all the same connection steps required for bench test.
However, instead of placing equipment on a tabletop, the reader, antenna, and
their accessories are mounted in your application environment. The installation
must protect the reader from conditions outside of its designed environment.
Requirements
Before installing your RFID Reader system, you will need the following:
 A PC running Windows 98 or higher, with Ethernet connectivity and,
optionally, one available RS-232 serial port.
 Standard 120 or 220 VAC power for the reader
 Host software (Gateway, for example)
 (Optional) extra antennas (if desired for additional coverage or
configurations)
 Additional RS-232 cables or antenna coax cables needed to
accommodate routing requirements
 Standard grounded, three-pronged power cord of desired length
 Mounting hardware suitable for the surface to which equipment is to be
attached (e.g., wood screws, moly-bolts, brackets, etc.)
Figure 8 - View of the Reader showing mounting holes
Hardware Installation Procedure
CAUTION: The ALR 9890 – RR is a source of RF energy. When
connected to a system including an antenna the radiated RF emissions
must be evaluated in accordance with FCC OET Bulletin 56 “Hazards of
radio frequency and electromagnetic fields” and Bulletin 65 “Human
exposure to radio frequency electromagnetic fields” and appropriate
precautions implemented.
1. Select mounting position for reader.

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 Reader should be positioned close enough to the antenna to
accommodate the cable length without putting strain on the connectors.
 Be sure power is available at the selected reader location.
2. Install reader.
 Secure the reader through the two mounting holes on either flange to its
mounting location (wall, post, mounting bracket) using appropriate
hardware.
 If desired, position the reader so that the LEDs are easily observed.
 It is recommended, if the reader is mounted vertically, the Antenna ports
be oriented at the top.
4. Connect the antenna(s) to the reader.
The reader may be used in a multi-static or mono-static mode. In the multi-
static mode each antenna port is connected to a separate antenna. In the
mono-static mode a circulator assembly is used to split the transmit and
receive paths.
Multi-static Case
 Connect the antennas to the individual ports. Refer to Applications Note
AN17001.
Mono-static Case (Install Circulator Assemblies)
Caution: It is important to connect the correct circulator port to its
associated antenna port. Damage to the reader may result if they are
connected incorrectly.
The Circulator Assemblies have been pre-assembled and labeled to ease
installation. Prior to installing the circulators make sure the antenna lines
reach the bottom left corner of the mounted reader.
• Take Circulator Assembly A and attach the 2 TNC connectors labeled
ANT 0 and ANT 1 to the reader jacks labeled ANT 0 and ANT 1
respectively. Hand tighten only!
• Take Circulator Assembly and rotate it counter-clockwise until the single
cable is hanging straight down.
• Place Circulator A so that it is about 1” to the left of the reader and the
top of the circulator is flush with the top of the mounted reader.
• Make sure the 2 attached cables are not strained or binding.