ARIBEX Nomad Examiner User manual

TM
MANUFACTURED BY
GETTING STARTED
This quick reference guide is intended to supplement the
User Manual and operator training materials located on
the NOMAD Operator Training CD.
NOTE: Manual and some training materials are also
available for download on the Aribex website at
www.aribex.com or they can be ordered in hard copy
format: [email protected]
nUnwrap each component from the protective plastic
and check for any noticeable signs of damage – do not
use the device if it shows signs of damage.
The standard package system includes the following
items.
¾NOMAD Device with Backscatter Shield attached,
¾2 Charged Batteries,
¾Battery Charger (the charger should be appropriate
for local AC line voltage),
¾Certificate of Conformance,
¾Warranty Card, and
¾NOMAD Operator Training CD.
oVerify that the serial number on the Warranty /
Registration card matches the X-ray device serial
number and the device serial number on the
carrying case.
pPlease complete the product Warranty / Registration
card and mail it with proper postage to Aribex today.
Completing the card fulfills a condition of warranty
coverage.
Review the User Manual and training material contained
on the CD shipped with this device.
BASIC OPERATION
nAttach a fully charged battery (see Battery Care).
oTurn power on by pressing the POWER button.
pTo change exposure settings press the increase or
decrease buttons. (Example, 08 LED display setting
= 0.08 seconds; 35 LED display setting = 0.35
seconds.)
For more on adjusting the time settings see the
User Manual contained on the CD.
qPress and release ENABLE to ready the device.
rPosition the NOMAD relative to the receptor.
sTo begin the exposure, squeeze the handle trigger
(or press and hold START) until the audible, signal
ends, and green START and yellow X-RAYS ON
indicators are off.
tTurn off the power by pressing the POWER button.
Do not operate NOMAD or battery charger if equipment was
subjected to moisture.
Do not spray disinfectant or cleaners directly on the NOMAD
or battery charger. Damage to your device or a shock hazard
may result. Consult the User Manual on the CD for proper
cleaning instructions.
Do not open the housings. Doing so will void the warranty.
There are no user-serviceable parts inside the NOMAD or
battery charger.
NOMAD should not be operated if it has been dropped or if
performance has degraded; it should be returned to Aribex
for a safety check.
BATTERY CARE
The following are important battery care notes:
¾Each battery can go through the full (dis)charge
cycle approximately 200 times. Routinely change
out a discharged battery with fully charged one, as
needed.
¾A flashing, yellow LOW BATTERY indicator Ɓ
(control panel) and intermittent audible signalÑ:
indicate the need for a freshly charged battery.
¾Charge only between +4°C (+39°F) and +40°C
(+104°F). Recommended charging temperature is
+24°C (+75°F).
¾A battery can be left indefinitely in the plugged-in
charger without damaging batteries. When the
charging indicator stops flashing, leaving the
battery in the charger for 8 hours helps to maintain
optimum battery capacity (equalization).
¾Battery charge will diminish during extended
inactivity – fully recharge batteries every 3
months during inactivity. Never place a low
charge battery into long-term storage.
¾Do not store batteries in extreme conditions: below
–20°C (–4°F) or above +40°C (+104°F), or beyond
95% relative humidity (non-condensing). The
optimal storage location is cool, dry, and away from
direct sunlight.
¾Store or carry batteries so that battery terminals
cannot be damaged or exposed to contact with
conductive objects.
¾Always unplug the charger from the power supply
when it is not in use. For additional info, specifically
about the charger, see the accompanying
instruction manual for the battery charger.
Do not attempt to charge damaged batteries. When the
battery charger senses a bad battery, it is spent and must be
taken out of service.
Do not use batteries from other sources.
Properly dispose of spent or damaged batteries; return to
Aribex or an authorized distributor for replacement and
recycling. Do not place in municipal waste stream.
LIMITED WARRANTY
COVERAGE. Aribex, Inc. warrants its x-ray equipment to be free from
any defects in material or workmanship for a period of one (1) year from
the date of purchase. Aribex, Inc. also warrants any accessories
purchased from Aribex to be free from any defects in material or
workmanship for the period of one (1) year from the date of purchase.
The liability of Aribex, Inc. is limited to repair or replacement of any parts
that Aribex or its authorized resellers determine to be defective. Contact
Aribex for a Return Material Authorization (RMA) number and shipping
instructions. Parts proving defective shall be repaired or replaced free of
charge (labor and domestic shipping included), if defective equipment is
returned freight collect to Aribex or the location of the
authorized service center. Equipment repaired or replaced under
warranty shall continue to be warranted for the balance of the original
warranty term. All warranty claims must be made not later than ten (10)
business days following the expiration of the applicable warranty period.
LIMITATIONS OF COVERAGE. This warranty does not apply to
equipment that is or has been abused, misused, or altered (including
opening enclosure or tampering), improperly maintained, subjected to use
beyond rated conditions, or damaged as a result of any carelessness or
accidents. This warranty does not cover ordinary wear and tear or
maintenance.
LIMITATIONS OF LIABILITY. Aribex, Inc. makes no other warranty,
either expressed or implied, with respect to any equipment purchased
from Aribex, including without limitation any implied warranties of
merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose, whether or not Aribex
may have been informed of the actual uses to which any of such
equipment may be put. Aribex, Inc. shall not under any circumstance be
liable for incidental, indirect, consequential, punitive or exemplary
damages, including without limitation damages for delay or lost profits,
and in no event shall liability of Aribex arising from the purchase, sale or
use of the equipment, or breach of any warranty made above, exceed in
the aggregate the purchase price paid therefore.
Aribex, Inc.
11727 Fruehauf Drive
Charlotte, NC 28273
U.S.A.
Phone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
http://www.aribex.com
U.S. patents 7,224,769 and 7,496,178
United States and international patents pending
English is the original draft language for this manual.
© Aribex, Inc. 2014
All Rights Reserved
08500328 Rev. 00
ISO 13485 / ISO 9001
CERTIFIED COMPANY
0473
12/23/14

THE NOMAD®
DIFFERENCE
NOMAD is safe to be used as a handheld X-ray
source. There is no need to leave the room during an
exposure.
Aside from the direct beam, X-ray devices have two
potential operator radiation sources: 1) leakage radiation
and 2) backscatter radiation bouncing back off the
subject.
1) Leakage – Unique internal shielding of NOMAD
encases the X-ray tube eliminating leakage
radiation. As demonstrated by the data below, this
makes it safe to use NOMAD as a handheld device
during exposures.
2) Backscatter – When properly oriented, the
transparent shield on NOMAD collimator acts as a
barrier against backscatter radiation, making it safe
for the operator to stay in the room.
As a result of the internal and backscatter
shielding, operator X-ray exposure is far below
federal regulatory limits.
RADIATION SAFETY
Operators must follow all guidelines dictated by applicable
occupational safety regulations and in-house radiation protection
program, especially in regard to operators who are pregnant or
expect to become pregnant.
Operators must be fully acquainted with industry safety
recommendations and established maximum permissible doses.
Do not enable NOMAD until subject is positioned and operator is
ready for the exposure, diminishing the likelihood of interruption and
preventing inadvertent exposure of anyone to x rays.
Do not attempt an exposure if anyone else is in the same room
unless it is necessary that the subject be stabilized by another
person. That person must then stay out of the direct beam and
wear protective clothing.
An exposure can be terminated for any reason by abruptly
releasing the depressed trigger.
Optimal operator radiation backscatter protection exists when:
a) The backscatter shield is positioned at the outer end of the
collimator cone.
b) The backscatter shield is close to a subject when it is
immediately in front of the cone.
c) The operator remains within the significant zone of occupancy
immediately behind the device shield.
As shown in graphic representations, maximum protection (green
area) from backscatter radiation (red area) exists when the NOMAD
is positioned near the subject, is perpendicular to the operator, and
the backscatter shield is fully extended toward the subject.
Proper postioning Held back Shield slid back
Non-perpendicular
PROTECTION:MAXIMUM MINIMIZED
Operation outside the protection zone (or with a diminished
protective zone) requires proper precautions such as the use of
lead aprons.
ALARMS AND ALERTS
Alert
Function / Resolution
Green ENABLED
indicator flashes
System Readiness: Activates
when ENABLE is pressed/
released; ends automatically
after 30 seconds or when an
exposure starts (trigger is
depressed or START is
pressed).
Slow series of short,
double beeps
Green START and
yellow X-RAYS ON
indicators illuminate
X-ray Exposure: At the end
of the successful exposure,
audible signal and indicators
stop.
Continuous tone (for
the duration of the
timed exposure)
Green START and
yellow X-RAYS ON
indicators flash
Incomplete Exposure:
Activates if trigger is released
before the timed x-ray
exposure finishes and ends
automatically after 15
seconds or if power is
manually turned off/on.
Series of long beeps
LED display turns off System Alert, followed by a
system shutdown: X-ray
emissions are not detected
during timed exposure but the
battery is OK.
Two short beeps
Yellow LOW BATTERY
indicator flashes
Low Battery: Replace the
battery and reset exposure
time.
Slow series of short
beeps
Alarm
Function / Resolution
LED display begins
flashing
Overheating: Operation
suspends if the device
overheats; after cooling for
approximately 5 minutes (or
longer depending upon room
temperature), power on.
Series of long beeps
Occupational Dose Limit1
500mSv
50mSv Occupational Dose Limit Requiring Dosimetry1
Average Using NOMAD with D-Speed Film2
0.43mSv
0.22mSv
Average Using NOMAD with F-Speed Film or Digital Sensor2
1) Standards for Protection against Radiation, 10 CFR 20 (US Federal
Standards), 1994 (see also NCRP Report No. 116)
2) "Radiation Exposure with the NOMAD Portable X-ray System", Goren AD
et al, Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, 37 (2008), S. 109-12; normalized average
(includes leakage and backscatter radiation) assumes 7,200 exposures per year,
and the average length of exposure for D-speed = 0.50 seconds, F-speed = 0.25
seconds, digital sensor = 0.20 seconds
Comparative Data for Hand and Extremity Exposure (Annual)
Occupational Dose Limit1
50mSv
5mSv
Occupational Dose Limit Requiring Dosimetry1
Average Natural Background Radiation
2
3.65mSv
Comparative Data for Whole Body Exposure (Annual)
1) Standards for Protection against Radiation, 10 CFR 20 (US Federal
Standards), 1994 (see also NCRP Report No. 116)
2) NCRP Report No. 145 (National Council on Radiation Protection and
Measurements), p7-9
3) "Estimated Cosmic Radiation Doses for Flight Personnel", Feng YJ et al,
Space Medicine and Medical Engineering, 15(4) 2002, p265-9
4) Normalized average assumes 7,200 exposures per year, and the average
length of exposure for D-speed = 0.50 seconds, F-speed = 0.25 seconds, digital
sensor = 0.20 seconds
2.19mSv
Average Occupational Radiation for Flight Crews
3
1.00mSv
General Public Dose Limit1
0.30mSv
Average Using NOMAD with D-Speed Film
4
0.12mSv
Average Using NOMAD with F-Speed Film or Digital Sensor
4
0.20–0.70mSv
Range for Radiation Worker Using Conventional X-rays2
X-ray Source
Focal Spot
Fixed Beam
Limiting Device
Primary
Protective
Shielding
Backscatter
Radiation
Shielding