Brookfield RV1 User manual

BROOKFIELD DIAL READING VISCOMETER
with Electronic Drive
Operating Instructions
Manual No. M00-151-I0614
SPECIALISTS IN THE
MEASUREMENT AND
CONTROL OF VISCOSITY
TEL [phone]
FAX [phone]
or 800-628-8139 (USA excluding MA)
INTERNET
http://www.brookfieldengineering.com
BROOKFIELD ENGINEERING LABORATORIES, INC.
11 Commerce Boulevard, Middleboro, MA 02346 USA
with offices in
:Boston • Chicago • London • Stuttgart • Guangzhou

TABLE OF CONTENTS
I. INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................5
I.1 Components .......................................................................................................5
I.2 Utilities................................................................................................................6
 I.3Specications .....................................................................................................6
I.4 Set-Up ................................................................................................................7
I.5 IQ, OQ, PQ.........................................................................................................7
 I.6SafetySymbolsandPrecautions .......................................................................8
 I.7Cleaning .............................................................................................................8
II. GETTING STARTED..............................................................................9
 II.1Operation...........................................................................................................9
 II.2UsingtheViscometerforMeasurements ........................................................10
 II.3TakingReadingsandCalculatingViscosity.....................................................10
 II.4ConsiderationforMakingMeasurements........................................................12
APPENDIX A - Viscosity Range Table.....................................................14
APPENDIX B - Variables in Viscosity Measurements ...........................16
APPENDIX C - Calibration Verication ...................................................18
APPENDIX D - Laboratory Stands...........................................................23
APPENDIX E - The Brookeld Guardleg.................................................29
APPENDIX F - Fault Diagnosis and Troubleshooting ...........................31
APPENDIX G - Online Help and Additional Resources.........................33
APPENDIX H - Warranty Repair and Service .......................................34
Viscosity Test Report ................................................................Tearoutinsert

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Brookeld Engineering Laboratories, Inc. Page 5 Manual No. M00-151-I0614
I. INTRODUCTION
e Brookeld Dial Reading Viscometer measures uid viscosity at given shear rates. Viscosity is a
measure of a uid’s resistance to ow. You will nd a detailed description of the mathematics of viscosity
in the Brookeld publication “More Solutions to Sticky Problems”, a copy of which was included with
your Dial Viscometer. e Dial Viscometer rotates a sensing element in a uid and measures the torque
necessary to overcome the viscous resistance to the induced movement. is is accomplished by driving
the immersed element, which is called a spindle, through a beryllium copper spring. e degree to
which the spring is wound, indicated by the red pointer, is proportional to the viscosity of the uid.
e Viscometer is able to measure over a number of ranges since, for a given spring deection, the actual
viscosity is proportional to the spindle speed and is related to the spindle's size and shape. For a material
of given viscosity, the resistance will be greater as the spindle size and/or rotational speed increase. e
minimum viscosity range is obtained by using the largest spindle at the highest speed; the maximum
range by using the smallest spindle at the slowest speed.
ere are four basic spring torque series oered by Brookeld:
Model Spring Torque (Dyne-cm)
LV 673.7
RV 7,187.0
HA 14,374.0
HB 57,496.0
e higher the torque calibration, the higher the measurement range. e viscosity measurement range
for each torque calibration may be found in Appendix A.
All units of measurement are calculated in units of centipoise (cP) by using a look-up table known
as "the Brookeld Factor Finder" to convert torque reading. e equivalent units of measurement
in the SI system are calculated using the following conversions:
CGS SI
Viscosity: 1cP = 1mPa•s
Torque: 107dyne-cm = 1Newton•m
I.1 Components
e following items are provided with your instrument:
Quantity Description Part No.
1 Dial Reading Viscometer Depends on Model (Spring Torque)
1 Laboratory Stand Model A
1 Spindle Set (depends on torque range) SSL (LV 61-64, formerly called LV 1-4) or
SSR (RV 2-7) or
SSH (HA/HB 2-7)
1 Guard Leg B-20Y (LV) or
B-21Y (RV) or
No guardleg for HA/HB torque range
1 Power Supply AV-6 115 includes DVP-65 Power Cord
AV-6 230 includes DVP-66 Power Cord
1 Carrying Case 001Y
1 Shipping Cap B-30-1
1 Instruction Manual M00-151
1 Factor Finder CC-9

Brookeld Engineering Laboratories, Inc. Page 6 Manual No. M00-151-I0614
Please check to be sure that you have received all components, and that there is no damage. If you are
missing any parts, please notify Brookeld Engineering or your local Brookeld agent immediately.
Any shipping damage must be reported to the carrier.
I.2 Utilities
VAC; Hz Limits 100 - 240 VAC; 50/60 Hz ± 5%
Power Supply 15 Watts, Class II certied plug-in power supply rated:
12V @ 1.25A
Main supply voltage uctuations are not to exceed 10% of the nominal supply voltage.
I.3 Specications
Speeds:
LVT 60, 30, 12, 6, 3, 1.5, 0.6, 0.3
RVT 100, 50, 20, 10, 5, 4, 2.5, 2, 1, 0.5
HAT 100, 50, 20, 10, 5, 4, 2.5, 2, 1, 0.5
HBT 100, 50, 20, 10, 5, 4, 2.5, 2, 1, 0.5
Accuracy: ± 1% of Full Scale Range in use
(See Appendix C for details)
Repeatability: ± 0.2% of Full Scale Range in use
Weight:
Gross Weight 20 lb 9 kg
Net Weight 17 lb 7.7 kg
Carton Volume 1.65 cu  0.05 m3
Operating Temperature Range: 5°C to 40°C (41°F to 104°F)
Operating Relative Humidity: 80% up to 30°C decreasing linearly to 50% at 40°C
Electrical Certications:
Conforms to CE Standards:
BSEN 61326: Electrical equipment for measurement, control and laboratory use - EMC
requirements
BSEN 61010-1: Safety requirements for electrical equipment, for measurement, control
and laboratory use
Notice to customers:
is symbol indicates that this product is to be recycled at an appropriate collection center.

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Brookeld Engineering Laboratories, Inc. Page 7 Manual No. M00-151-I0614
Users within the European Union:
Please contact your dealer or the local authorities in charge of waste management on how to
dispose of this product properly. All Brookeld oces and our network of representatives and
dealers can be found on our website: www.brookeldengineering.com
Users outside of the European Union:
Please dispose of this product according to your local laws.
Installation Category I, Pollution Degree II, Altitude 2000m (max).
UL Certication File No. E22083 for explosion-proof version of Dial Reading Viscometer: Built
to Class 1, Division 1, Group D standards.
Brookeld Dial Reading Viscometers now have two year limited warranty from date of purchase
against defects in materials and workmanship. e Viscometer must be returned to Brookeld
Engineering Laboratories, Inc. or the Brookeld dealer from whom it was purchased for no charge
warranty evaluation service. Prior to the return of the viscometer, you must call for a return
authorization number.
I.4 Set-Up
e shipping box containing your instrument should be saved for future use when returning
your instrument to Brookeld or an authorized dealer for service. e carrying case for standard
viscometers/rheometers should also be saved since this provides added protection for these
instruments during shipment. Failure to use these specially designed containers for transportation
can negate the warranty on your instrument. Please contact Brookeld if you misplace or damage
these containers. Replacements are available for a small cost.
1) Assemble laboratory stand as shown in Appendix D.
2) Mount the Viscometer securely on a Brookeld laboratory stand. e metal handle
should be inserted into the laboratory stand clamp.
Level the viscometer, referring to the bubble level on the instrument. If the viscometer
cannot be leveled, recheck the laboratory stand assembly.
Verify that the viscometer's power requirements match your power source before
connecting it to power.
I.5 IQ, OQ, PQ
Please refer to our website, www.brookeldengineering.com, for a guideline document for
validatingthisinstrumenttomeetIQ,OQ,PQ(InstallationQualication,OperationQualication,
Performance Qualication) requirements for those customers who need such documentation.

Brookeld Engineering Laboratories, Inc. Page 8 Manual No. M00-151-I0614
I.6 Safety Symbols and Precautions
Safety Symbols
e following explains safety symbols which may be found in this operating manual.
Indicates hazardous voltages may be present.
Refer to the manual for specic warning or caution information to avoid personal injury
or damage to the instrument.
Precautions
If this instrument is used in a manner not specied by the manufacturer, the protection
provided by the instrument may be impaired.
is instrument is not intended for use in a potentially hazardous environment. Contact
Brookeld for special application instruments.
In case of emergency, turn o the instrument and then disconnect the electrical cord
from the wall outlet.
For indoor use only.
e user should ensure that the substances placed under test do not release poisonous,
toxic or ammable gases at the temperatures to which they are subjected to during the
testing.
I.7 Cleaning
Make sure the instrument is in a decent working environment (dust-free, moderate
temperature, low humidity, etc.).
Make sure the instrument is on a level surface.
Hands/ngers must be clean and free of residue sample. Not doing so may result in
deposit build up on the upper part of the sha and cause interference between the sha
and the pivot cup.
Be sure to remove the spindle from the instrument prior to cleaning. Note le-handed
thread. Severe instrument damage may result if the spindle is cleaned in place.
Instrument and Keypad: Clean with a dry, non-abrasive cloth. Do not use solvents
or cleaners.
Immersed Components (spindles): Spindles are made of stainless steel. Clean with a non-
abrasivecloth andsolventappropriateforsample material.
When cleaning, do not apply excessive force, which may result in bending spindles.

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Brookeld Engineering Laboratories, Inc. Page 9 Manual No. M00-151-I0614
II. GETTING STARTED
II.1 Operation
MOTOR
ON/OFF/PAUSE
POWER SUPPLY
RECEPTACLE
SPEED KNOB
(rpm)
CLUTCH LEVER
Note: See Appendix D for
image of Explosion Proof
Viscometer.
GUARD LEG
CLAMP
1. Be sure the plug of the power supply
is securely plugged into your power
source.
2. Plug the metal jack of the power
supply into the circular receptacle
on the back of the Viscometer.
3. The black, rubber baton switch on
the viscometer controls the motor
and has three positions:
UP: Off - turns the motor off and
stops the dial from turning
MIDDLE: On - causes the dial to
rotate at the selected speed
DOWN: Pause (or motor stop)
- causes the dial to pause when
rotating
4. LV Viscometers use a set of four spindles and a narrow guard leg; RV Viscometers use a set
of six spindles and a wider guard leg; HA and HB Viscometers use a set of six spindles and no
guard leg.
5. Speeds (rpm) are changed by turning the black knob on the top of the viscometer (to the left or
right) to the desired speed.
6. The clutch lever, when depressed, raises the dial against the red pointer and "holds" the Viscometer
reading. Releasing the clutch lowers the dial and frees the pointer.
Top View Front View

Brookeld Engineering Laboratories, Inc. Page 10 Manual No. M00-151-I0614
II.2 Using the Viscometer for Measurements
1. Mount the guard leg (if used) on the Viscometer.
.
2. With no spindle attached, lower the Viscometer by turning the black knob on the right side of
the clamp. Center the viscometer over the test material.
3. Take care to avoid trapping air bubbles under the spindles, especially the disk-type. Begin by
immersing the spindle on a diagonal path across the surface of the uid. Slowly drag the spindle
across the uid surface and then bring the spindle to the upright position. Thread the spindle
onto the Viscometer.
4. Attaching the spindle correctly is important. Gently push up on the Viscometer coupling screw,
avoiding any side to side movements. Hold it securely while screwing the spindle on (Note:
left hand thread).
5. Lower the Viscometer and center the spindle in the test material until the meniscus is in the
middle of the immersion mark.
II.3 Taking Readings and Calculating Viscosity
1. Select the desired speed.
2. Turn the Viscometer motor switch to the ON position.
3. Allow time for the indicated reading to stabilize; this time may vary, depending on your uid,
or your test method. A minimum of 5 revolutions is recommended before taking any reading.
4. To take a reading, depress the clutch lever and hold it in the down position. With the lever still
depressed, move the motor switch to the "Pause" or "Off" position. Adjust the dial position, if
necessary, to allow the red pointer to appear in the viscometer window.
Depressing the clutch lever locks the calibrated spring deection in place, thereby providing
the dial reading; holding the motor switch in the "Pause" position (or moving it to the "OFF"
position) stops the motor and causes the dial to stop turning so you can record the reading.
5. Record the reading indicated by the red pointer on the dial: this number is known as % torque.
To convert the % torque reading to viscosity in centipoise (cP), multiply the dial reading by the
appropriate factor for the spindle and speed in use.
Dial reading x Factor = Viscosity in cP (mPa•s)
Example: LVT Viscometer with #61 spindle at 6 rpm
Dial Reading: 75 Factor: 10
75 x 10 = 750 cP (mPa•s)
Full scale viscosity range for any speed and spindle combination is equal to the factor x 100.
Factor x 100 = Full scale range
Example: LVT Viscometer with #61 spindle at 6 RPM
Full Scale Range: 10 x 100 = 1,000 cP

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Brookeld Engineering Laboratories, Inc. Page 11 Manual No. M00-151-I0614
For maximum accuracy do not take readings below 10% torque. Do not run your Viscometer
for extended periods of time at a % torque greater than 100%.
6. Switch the motor to the OFF position when changing spindles and samples. Remove the spindle
before cleaning.
7. Interpretation of results is discussed in Appendix B of this manual and in our publication "More
Solutions to Sticky Problems."
The following tables apply to Brookeld Viscometer Models LV, RV, HA and HB with standard spindles.
They enable the user to convert the percent scale reading into a viscosity value in units of centipoise (or
milli-Pascal-seconds.) To convert the viscometer dial reading to a viscosity value in units of centipoise,
multiply the reading noted on dial viscometer by the appropriate factor in the following tables.
LV Series Viscometer
Note: LV spindles had designations
1, 2, 3, 4. Digital viscometers require
2-digit entry codes. Therefore, 61,
62, 63, 64 are the corresponding
codes. Spindles supplied with new
viscometers are marked 61, 62, 63,
64.
Spindle Number
1 & 61 2 & 62 3 & 63 4 & 64
0.3
0.6
1.5
3
6
12
30
60
200
100
40
20
10
5
2
1
0.3
0.6
1.5
3
6
12
30
60
1K
500
200
100
50
25
10
5
0.3
0.6
1.5
3
6
12
30
60
4K
2K
800
400
200
100
40
20
0.3
0.6
1.5
3
6
12
30
60
20K
10K
4K
2K
1K
500
200
100
RV Series Viscometer
Spindle Number
* 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
0.5
1
2
2.5
4
5
10
20
50
100
200
100
50
40
25
20
10
5
2
1
0.5
1
2
2.5
4
5
10
20
50
100
800
400
200
160
100
80
40
20
8
4
0.5
1
2
2.5
4
5
10
20
50
100
2K
1K
500
400
250
200
100
50
20
10
0.5
1
2
2.5
4
5
10
20
50
100
4K
2K
1K
800
500
400
200
100
40
20
0.5
1
2
2.5
4
5
10
20
50
100
8K
4K
2K
1.6K
1K
800
400
200
80
40
0.5
1
2
2.5
4
5
10
20
50
100
20K
10K
5K
4K
2.5K
2K
1K
500
200
100
0.5
1
2
2.5
4
5
10
20
50
100
80K
140K
20K
16K
10K
8K
4K
2K
800
400
=Spindle =SpindleSpeed =Factor K = 1000
* Optional

Brookeld Engineering Laboratories, Inc. Page 12 Manual No. M00-151-I0614
HA Series Viscometer
Spindle Number
* 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
0.5
1
2
2.5
4
5
10
20
50
100
400
200
100
80
50
40
20
10
4
2
0.5
1
2
2.5
4
5
10
20
50
100
1.6K
800
400
320
200
160
80
40
16
8
0.5
1
2
2.5
4
5
10
20
50
100
4K
2K
1K
800
500
400
200
100
40
20
0.5
1
2
2.5
4
5
10
20
50
100
8K
4K
2K
1.6K
1K
800
400
200
80
40
0.5
1
2
2.5
4
5
10
20
50
100
16K
8K
4K
3.2K
2K
1.6K
800
400
160
80
0.5
1
2
2.5
4
5
10
20
50
100
40K
20K
10K
8K
5K
4K
2K
1K
400
200
0.5
1
2
2.5
4
5
10
20
50
100
160K
80K
40K
32K
20K
16K
8K
4K
1.6K
800
HB Series Viscometer
Spindle Number
* 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
0.5
1
2
2.5
4
5
10
20
50
100
1.6K
800
400
320
200
160
80
40
16
8
0.5
1
2
2.5
4
5
10
20
50
100
6.4K
3.2K
1.6K
1.28K
800
640
320
160
64
32
0.5
1
2
2.5
4
5
10
20
50
100
16K
8K
4K
3.2K
2K
1.6K
800
400
160
80
0.5
1
2
2.5
4
5
10
20
50
100
32K
16K
8K
6.4K
4K
3.2K
1.63K
800
320
160
0.5
1
2
2.5
4
5
10
20
50
100
64K
32K
16K
12.8K
8K
6.4K
3.2K
1.6K
640
320
0.5
1
2
2.5
4
5
10
20
50
100
160K
80K
40K
32K
20K
16K
8K
4K
1.6K
800
0.5
1
2
2.5
4
5
10
20
50
100
640K
320K
160K
128K
80K
64K
32K
16K
6.4K
3.2K
=Spindle =SpindleSpeed =Factor K = 1000*Optional
II.4 Consideration for Making Measurements
In taking viscosity measurements with the Dial Viscometer, there are two considerations which
pertain to the low viscosity limit of effective measurement.
1) Viscosity measurements should be accepted within the equivalent % Torque Range from
10% to 100% for any combination of spindle/speed rotation.
2) Viscosity measurements should be taken under laminar ow conditions, not under turbulent
ow conditions.
The rst consideration has to do with the accuracy of the instrument. All Dial Viscometers have
a full scale range precision of ± 1% for any spindle/speed combination. We discourage taking
readings below 10% of range because the potential viscosity error of ± 1% is a relatively high
number compared to the instrument reading.

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Brookeld Engineering Laboratories, Inc. Page 13 Manual No. M00-151-I0614
The second consideration involves the mechanics of uid ow. All rheological measurements of
uid ow properties should be made under laminar ow conditions. Laminar ow is ow wherein
all particle movement is in layers directed by the shearing force. For rotational systems, this means
all uid movement must be circumferential. When the inertial forces on the uid become too great,
the uid can break into turbulent ow wherein the movement of uid particles becomes random
and the ow can not be analyzed with standard math models. This turbulence creates a falsely high
viscometer reading with the degree of non-linear increase in reading being directly related to the
degree of turbulence in the uid.
For the following geometries, we have found that an approximate transition point to turbulent ow
occurs as follows:
1) No. 61 LV Spindle: 15 cP at 60 RPM
2) No. LV-2 Spindle: 100 cP at 200 RPM
3) No. 1 RV Spindle: 100 cP at 50 RPM
4) UL Adapter: 0.85 cP at 60 RPM
5) SC4-18/13R: 1.25 cP at around 240 RPM
Turbulent conditions will exist in these situations whenever the RPM/cP ratio exceeds the values
listed above.

Brookeld Engineering Laboratories, Inc. Page 14 Manual No. M00-151-I0614
APPENDIX A - Viscosity Range Table
e range coecient is a convenient tool for quickly determining the maximum viscosity that can be
measured with a specic spindle/speed combination. Identify the spindle in use and the torque range
(LV, RV, HA, HB) of the Viscometer/Rheometer. Look up the Range Coeecient in the following table.
Divide the Range Coecient by the spindle speed to determine the maximum viscosity in centipoise
that can be measured.
E.g. RV Viscometer with RV3 spindle: Range Coecient is 100,000. At 50 RPM, the maximum viscosity
that can be measured is 100,000/50 or 2,000 cP.
Table A-1
(Continued on following page)
Spindle Entry Code
Range Coefcient
LV RV HA HB
RV1 01 937 10,000 20,000 80,000
RV2 02 3,750 40,000 80,000 320,000
RV3 03 9,375 100,000 200,000 800,000
RV4 04 18,750 200,000 400,000 1,600,000
RV5 05 37,500 400,000 800,000 3,200,000
RV6 06 93,750 1,000,000 2,000,000 8,000,000
RV7 07 375,000 4,000,000 8,000,000 32,000,000
HA1 01 937 10,000 20,000 80,000
HA2 02 3,750 40,000 80,000 320,000
HA3 03 9,375 100,000 200,000 800,000
HA4 04 18,750 200,000 400,000 1,600,000
HA5 05 3,7500 400,000 800,000 3,200,000
HA6 06 93,750 1,000,000 2,000,000 8,000,000
HA7 07 375,000 4,000,000 8,000,000 32,000,000
HB1 01 937 10,000 20,000 80,000
HB2 02 3,750 40,000 80,000 320,000
HB3 03 9,375 100,000 200,000 800,000
HB4 04 18,750 200,000 400,000 1,600,000
HB5 05 37,500 400,000 800,000 3,200,000
HB6 06 93,750 1,000,000 2,000,000 8,000,000
HB7 07 375,000 4,000,000 8,000,000 32,000,000
LV1 61 6,000 64,000 128,000 512,000
LV2 62 30,000 320,000 640,000 2,560,000
LV3 63 120,000 1,280,000 2,560,000 10,240,000
LV4 or 4B2 64 600,000 6,400,000 12,800,000 51,200,000
LV5 65 1,200,000 12,800,000 25,600,000 102,400,000
LV-2C 66 30,000 320,000 640,000 2,560,000
LV-3C 67 120,000 1,280,000 2,560,000 10,240,000

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Brookeld Engineering Laboratories, Inc. Page 15 Manual No. M00-151-I0614
Spindle Entry Code
Range Coefcient
LV RV HA HB
T-A 91 18,750 200,000 400,000 1,600,000
T-B 92 37,440 400,000 800,000 3,200,000
T-C 93 9,3600 1,000,000 2,000,000 8,000,000
T-D 94 187,200 2,000,000 4,000,000 16,000,000
T-E 95 468,000 5,000,000 10,000,000 40,000,000
T-F 96 936,000 10,000,000 20,000,000 80,000,000
Spiral 70 98,400 1,050,000 2,100,000 8,400,000
ULA 00 600 6,400 12,800 51,200
HT-DIN-81 81 3,420 36,500 73,000 292,000
SC4-DIN-82 82 3,420 36,500 73,000 292,000
SC4-DIN-83 83 11,340 121,300 242,600 970,400
ULA-DIN-85 85 1,144 12,200 24,400 97,600
ULA-DIN-86 86 3,420 36,500 73,000 292,000
ULA-DIN-87 87 11,340 121,300 242,600 970,400
SC4-14/6R 14 117,200 1,250,000 2,500,000 10,000,000
SC4-15/7R 15 46,880 500,000 1,000,000 4,000,000
SC4-16/8R 16 120,000 1,280,000 2,560,000 10,240,000
SC4-18/13R 18 3,000 32,000 64,000 256,000
SC4-21/13R 21 4,688 50,000 100,000 400,000
SC4-25/13R 25 480,000 5,120,000 10,240,000 40,960,000
SC4-27/13R 27 23,440 250,000 500,000 2,000,000
SC4-28/13R 28 46,880 500,000 1,000,000 4,000,000
SC4-29/13R 29 93,750 1,000,000 2,000,000 8,000,000
SC4-31/13R 31 30,000 320,000 640,000 2,560,000
SC4-34/13R 34 60,000 640,000 1,280,000 5,120,000
CPA-40, CPE-40, CP-40 40 307 3,270 6,540 26,160
CPA-41, CPE-41, CP-41 41 1,151 12,280 24,560 98,240
CPA-42, CPE-42, CP-42 42 600 6,400 12,800 51,200
CPA-51, CPE-51, CP-51 51 4,854 51,780 103,560 414,240
CPA-52, CPE-52, CP-52 52 9,300 99,220 198,440 793,760
V-71 71 2,456 26,200 52,400 209,600
V-72 72 10,404 111,000 222,000 888,000
V-73 73 50,146 535,000 1,070,000 4,280,000
V-74 74 508,954 5,430,000 10,860,000 43,440,000
V-75 75 199,645 2,130,000 4,260,000 8,520,000
Table A-1
(Continued on previous page)

Brookeld Engineering Laboratories, Inc. Page 16 Manual No. M00-151-I0614
APPENDIX B - Variables in Viscosity Measurements
As with any instrument measurement, there are variables that can affect a viscometer measurement.
These variables may be related to the instrument (viscometer), or the test uid. Variables related to
the test uid deal with the rheological properties of the uid, while instrument variables would include
the viscometer design and the spindle geometry system utilized.
Rheological Properties
Fluids have different rheological characteristics that can be described by viscometer measurements.
We can then work with these uids to suit our lab or process conditions.
There are two categories of uids:
Newtonian - These uids have the same viscosity at different Shear Rates (different RPM’s)
and are called Newtonian over the Shear Rate range they are measured.
Non-Newtonian - These uids have different viscosities at different shear rates (different RPM's).
They fall into two groups:
1) Time Independent non-Newtonian
2) Time Dependent non-Newtonian - The time dependency pertains to the
length of time the uid is measured at a given Shear Rate (rpm). Therefore,
these uids will exhibit changes in viscosity with both changes in shear
rate and the passage of time.
Time Independent
Pseudoplastic - Apseudoplastic material displays a decrease in viscosity with an increase
in shear rate, and is also known as “shear thinning”. If you take viscometer
readings from a low to a high RPM and then back to the low RPM, and
the readings fall upon themselves, the material is time independent
pseudoplastic and shear thinning.
Plastic - A plastic uid behaves as a solid under static conditions. A certain amount
of force, or "yield value," must be applied before the uid begins to ow.
Once this yield value is exceeded, ow begins. Plastic uids then may
display Newtonian, Pseudoplastic or Dilatant ow.
Dilatant - A dilatant uid increases in viscosity with an increase in shear rate (rpm).
Time Dependent
Thixotropic - A thixotropic material has decreasing viscosity under constant shear rate
(rpm). If you set a viscometer at a constant speed, recording cP values
over time and nd that the cP values decrease with time, the material is
thixotropic.
Rheopectic - A rheopectic uid has an increasing viscosity under a constant shear rate
(rpm).

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Brookeld Engineering Laboratories, Inc. Page 17 Manual No. M00-151-I0614
Brookeld publication, “More Solutions to Sticky Problems”, includes a more detailed discussion
of rheological properties and non-Newtonian behavior.
Viscometer Related Variables
Most uid viscosities are found to be non-Newtonian. They are Shear Rate dependent on the measurement
conditions. The specications of the viscometer spindle and chamber geometry will affect the viscosity
readings. If one reading is taken at 2.5 rpm, and a second at 50 rpm, the two cP values produced will
be different because the readings were made at different shear rates. The faster the spindle speed, the
higher the shear rate.
The shear rate of a given measurement is determined by: the rotational speed of the spindle, the size
and shape of the spindle, the size and shape of the container used, and therefore, the distance between
the container wall and the spindle surface.
A repeatable viscosity test should control or specify the following:
1) Test temperature
2) Sample container size (or spindle/chamber geometry)
3) Sample volume
4) Viscometer model
5) Spindle used (report 2-digit spindle identication code)
6) Test speed or speeds (or the shear rate)
7) Length of time or number of spindle revolutions to record viscosity.

Brookeld Engineering Laboratories, Inc. Page 18 Manual No. M00-151-I0614
APPENDIX C - Calibration Verication
e accuracy of the Dial Viscometer is veried using viscosity standard uids which are available from
Brookeld Engineering Laboratories or your local Brookeld agent. Viscosity standards are Newtonian,
and therefore, have the same viscosity regardless of spindle speed (or shear rate). Viscosity standards,
calibrated at 25°C, are shown in Table C-1.
For a copy of the Repair Return Form, go to the Brookeld website,
www.brookeldengineering.com
Container size: For Viscosity Standards <30,000 cP, use a 600 mL Low Form Grin Beaker
having a working volume of 500 mL.
For Viscosity Standards ≥30,000 cP, use the uid container.
Inside Diameter: 3.25"(8.25cm)
Height: 4.75"(12.1cm)
Note: Container may be larger, but may not be smaller.
Temperature: As stated on the uid standard label: (±) 0.1°C
Conditions: e Viscometer should be set according to the operating instructions. e water
bath should be stabilized at test temperature. Viscometers with the letters “LV”
or “RV” in the model designation should have the guard leg attached.
Table C-1
SILICONE VISCOSITY STANDARD FLUIDS
Normal 25ºC Standard Fluids
Viscosity (cP) Viscosity (cP)
High Temperature Standard Fluids
Three Viscosity/Temperatures**
5 5,000 HT-30,000
10 12,500 HT-60,000
50 30,000 HT-100,000
100 60,000
500 100,000 **25ºC, 93.3ºC, 149ºC
1,000 RefertoBrookeldcatalogformoreinformation
MINERAL OIL VISCOSITY STANDARD FLUIDS
BEL Part No. Viscosity (cP) 25ºC
B29 29
B200 200
B600 600
B1060 1,060
B2000 2,000
B10200 10,200
B21000 21,000
B73000 73,000
B200000 200,000
B360000 360,000

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Brookeld Engineering Laboratories, Inc. Page 19 Manual No. M00-151-I0614
Brookeld Viscosity Standard Fluid General Information
We recommend that Brookeld Viscosity Standard Fluids be replaced on an annual basis, one year from
date of initial use. Exposure to outside contaminants, such as solvent, standard of dierent viscosity
or other foreign material, requires replacement annually. Oil Fluids do have an expiration date on the
label that should be adhered to.
Viscosity Standard Fluids may be stored under normal laboratory conditions. Disposal should be in
accordance with state, local and federal regulations as specied on the material safety data sheet.
BrookeldEngineeringLaboratoriesdoes notrecertify ViscosityStandard Fluids. Wewill issueduplicate
copies of the Certicate of Calibration for any uid within two years of the purchase date.
Brookeld Viscosity Standard Fluids are reusable provided they are not contaminated. Normal practice
for usage in a 600 mL beaker is to return the material from the beaker back into the bottle. When using
smaller volumes in accessories such as Small Sample Adapter, UL Adapter or ermosel, the uid is
normally discarded.
e following sections explain how to perform a calibration check on your viscometer using dierent
spindle geometries. For additional assistance, videos on these procedures are available on the Brookeld
website, www.brookeldengineering.com.
Calibration Procedure for LV #1-3(61-63) and RV,HA,HB #1-6(01-06) Brookeld Spindles
Pleasenotethatthe LV #4 andthe RV,HA andHB #7spindleshave been omitted fromthis procedure.
Brookeld does not recommend the use of these spindles to perform a calibration check on your
instrument. Reasons pertain to the small amount of spindle surface area that makes contact with
the viscosity standard. e diculty establishing the immersion mark precisely and the need for
precise temperature control at 25˚C in the immediate vicinity of the spindle.
Followthesestepsbyusingoneoftherecommendedspindlestoverifycalibrationofyourinstrument:
1) Place the viscosity standard uid (in a 600 mL low form beaker) into the water bath.
2) Lower the Viscometer into measurement position (with guard leg if LV or RV series Viscometer
is used).
3) Attach the spindle to the Viscometer. If you are using a disk-shaped spindle, avoid trapping air
bubbles beneath the disk by rst immersing the spindle at an angle, and then connecting it to
the Viscometer.
4) eviscositystandarduid,togetherwiththespindleandguardleg(if used), shouldbeimmersed
inthe bathfora minimum of1hour, stirringtheuid periodically, priorto taking measurements.
5) Aer 1 hour, check the temperature of the viscosity standard uid with an accurate thermometer.
6) If the uid is at test temperature (±0.1°C of the specied temperature, normally 25°C), measure
the viscosity and record the Viscometer reading.
Note: The spindle must rotate at least ve (5) times before readings are taken.

Brookeld Engineering Laboratories, Inc. Page 20 Manual No. M00-151-I0614
7) e viscosity reading should equal the cP value on the viscosity standard uid to within the
combined accuracies of the Viscometer and the viscosity standard (as discussed in the section
entitled, Interpretation of Calibration Test Results) which appears later in this section.
Verication Procedure for a Small Sample Adapter
When a Small Sample Adapter is used, the water jacket should be connected to a water bath and the
sample stabilized at the proper temperature:
1) Put the proper amount of viscosity standard uid into the sample chamber. e amount varies
with each spindle/chamber combination. (Refer to the Small Sample Adapter instructions).
2) Place the sample chamber into the water jacket.
3) Put the spindle into the test uid and attach the extension link, coupling nut and free hanging
spindle (or directly attach the solid sha spindle) to the Viscometer.
4) Allow30minutesfortheviscositystandard,samplechamberandspindletoreachtesttemperature.
5) Measure the viscosity and record the Viscometer reading.
Note: The spindle must rotate at least ve (5) times before a viscosity reading is taken.
6) e viscosity reading should equal the cP value on the viscosity standard uid to within the
combined accuracies of the Viscometer and the viscosity standard (as discussed in the section
entitled, Interpretation of Calibration Test Results) which appears later in this section.
Verication Procedure for a ermosel System
Before verifying the ermosel and controller, follow the verication procedure for regular spindles
RV/HA/HB 2-6 or LV 61-63. When a ermosel System is used, the controller stabilizes the ermo
Container at the test temperature.
1) Put the proper amount of HT viscosity standard uid into the HT-2 sample chamber. e
amount varies with the spindle used. (Refer to the ermosel instruction manual).
2) Place the sample chamber into the ermo Container.
3) Put the spindle into the test uid and attach the extension link, coupling nut and free hanging
spindle (or directly attach the solid sha spindle) to the Viscometer.
4) Allow30minutesfortheviscositystandard,samplechamberandspindletoreachtesttemperature.
5) Measure the viscosity and record the Viscometer reading.
Note: The spindle must rotate at least ve (5) times before a viscosity reading is taken.
6) e viscosity reading should equal the cP value on the viscosity standard uid to within the
combined accuracies of the Viscometer and the viscosity standard (as discussed in the section
entitled, Interpretation of Calibration Test Results) which appears later in this section.