BRUEL & KJAER HF HATS 5128 User manual

USER MANUAL
www.bksv.com ©Brüel & Kjær. All rights reserved.
High-frequency Head and Torso Simulator
(HF HATS) Type 5128
Handset Positioner for HATS Type 4606
BE 1909 – 14
English
ËBE-1909---CÎ BE 1909 – 14

BE 1909 – 14
December 2019 www.bksv.com
High-frequency Head and Torso Simulator
(HF HATS) Type 5128
Handset Positioner for HATS Type 4606
User Manual

Health and Safety Considerations
This apparatus has been designed and tested in accordance
with IEC/EN 61010 – 1 and ANSI/UL 61010 – 1
Safety
Requirements for Electrical Equipment for Measurement,
Control and Laboratory Use
. This manual contains
information and warnings which must be followed to ensure
safe operation and to retain the apparatus in safe condition.
Safety Symbols and Signal Words Used
The apparatus will be marked with this symbol
when it is important that you refer to the
associated danger or warning statement given in
this manual
The manual uses this symbol when a danger or
warning statement is applicable
Hazardous Voltage/Electricity. Both the apparatus
and manual use this symbol when there is a risk for
shock or electrocution
Hot Surface. This manual will use this symbol when
there is a risk for burning or scolding
Earth (Ground) Terminal. The apparatus will be
marked with this symbol when applicable
Protective Conductor Terminal. The apparatus will
be marked with this symbol when applicable
Alternating Current. The apparatus will be marked
with this symbol when applicable
Danger Signals an imminent hazardous situation, which, if
not avoided, will result in death or serious injury
Warning Signals a possibly hazardous situation, which, if
not avoided, will result in death or serious injury
Caution Signals a hazardous situation, which, if not
avoided, could result in minor or moderate injury
or damage to the apparatus
Notice Signals a situation or practice that requires
attention, but does not directly result in personal
injury if ignored
Risks and Hazards
Explosion Hazards
Danger: The apparatus is not designed to be used
in potentially explosive environments. It should
not be operated in the presence of flammable
liquids or gases
Electrical Hazards
Warning: Any adjustment, maintenance and
repair of the open apparatus under voltage must
be avoided as far as possible and, if unavoidable,
must be carried out only by trained service
Caution: Switch off all power to equipment before
connecting or disconnecting their digital
interface. Failure to do so could damage the
equipment
Mechanical Hazards
Caution: Whenever it is likely that the correct function or
operating safety of the apparatus has been
impaired, it must be made inoperative and be
secured against unintended operation
Waste Handling
Brüel & Kjær complies with the EU’s Waste Electrical
and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) Directive, which issues
the following waste handling instructions:
• Do not dispose of electronic equipment or
batteries as unsorted municipal waste
• It is your responsibility to contribute to a clean
and healthy environment by using the
appropriate local return and collection systems
• Hazardous substances in electronic equipment or
batteries may have detrimental effects on the
environment and human health
• The symbol shown to the left indicates that
separate collection systems must be used for any
discarded equipment or batteries marked with
that symbol
• Waste electrical and electronic equipment or
batteries may be returned to your local
Brüel & Kjær representative or to Brüel & Kjær
Headquarters for disposal

Brüel & Kjær has made every effort to ensure the accuracy of
the information contained in this document. No responsibility
is accepted for any errors or omissions herein. It is the
responsibility of the user to ensure compliance with any legal
or statutory requirements in the country of use. Data may
change, as well as legislation, therefore you are advised to
obtain copies of the most recently issued applicable
regulations, standards and guidelines.
All descriptions, illustrations and any other information relating
to the product are made by way of general description, are
approximate only and for the general guidance and information
of the user. They cannot be construed to imply representation or
warranty as to their accuracy, currency or completeness and are
not intended to form the basis of any contract.
The information in this document does not constitute a
warranty, representation or guarantee concerning the
suitability or performance of the product.
Brüel & Kjær shall not be liable for any loss whether direct,
indirect, incidental or consequential arising from the use of or
reliance upon any of the content of this document, regardless
of whether such content has been accurate or complete.
Brüel & Kjær will not pay any damages whether for loss or
injury, punitive or otherwise, because of use of or reliance upon
any of the content in this document.
Brüel & Kjær and all other trademarks, service marks, trade
names, logos and product names are the property of
Brüel & Kjær or a third-party company. Nothing in this
document may be construed as granting, by implication, or
otherwise any license or right to use any of the trademarks
without a prior written permission of Brüel & Kjær or the owner
of such trademark.
© Brüel & Kjær. All rights reserved.
Brüel & Kjær Sound & Vibration Measurement A/S
DK-2850 Nærum · Denmark
For service and support, contact your nearest Brüel & Kjær
Customer Care support team:
Headquarters: [email protected], [phone]
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France: s[email protected], [phone]
Germany: [email protected], [phone]
Italy: [email protected], [phone]
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[phone]
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UK & Ireland: [e-mail], [phone]
Go to www.bksv.com/contact for contact information to our
other global offices.

Contents
CHAPTER 1
Introduction............................................................................................................................. 1
1.1 About this Manual .................................................................................................................... 1
1.2 HF HATS Types 5128-C and 5128-D .......................................................................................... 1
1.3 Tabletop HATS Type 5128-B ..................................................................................................... 1
1.4 Mouth Simulator....................................................................................................................... 1
1.5 Ear Simulator Types 4620-L and 4620-R ................................................................................... 2
1.6 Accessories for all HF HATS Types ............................................................................................ 3
CHAPTER 2
Operation ................................................................................................................................ 5
2.1 Assembling HF HATS Types 5128-C and 5128-D ....................................................................... 5
2.2 Utilizing the Mouth Simulator .................................................................................................. 5
2.3 Calibration of the Mouth Simulator.......................................................................................... 6
2.4 Ear Simulators........................................................................................................................... 8
2.5 Calibration of the Ear Simulator ............................................................................................... 9
2.6 Assembling Tabletop HATS Type 5128-B ................................................................................ 17
2.7 Disassembling HF HATS Type 5128 ......................................................................................... 18
CHAPTER 3
Characteristics ....................................................................................................................... 19
3.1 Construction of HATS.............................................................................................................. 19
3.2 Mouth Simulator Operating Characteristics ........................................................................... 20
3.3 Ear Simulator Operating Characteristics................................................................................. 23
CHAPTER 4
Handset Positioner for HATS Type 4606 Features and Functions ............................................ 29
4.1 Handset Positioner for HATS Type 4606 – Main Components ............................................... 29
4.2 Using Handset Positioner for HATS Type 4606 ....................................................................... 36
4.3 Handset Positioner Table and Standardized Measurements ................................................. 41
CHAPTER 5
Service and Repair of Type 5128 ............................................................................................ 45
CHAPTER 6
Specifications......................................................................................................................... 47
6.1 Compliance with Standards Type 5128 .................................................................................. 47

6.2 Specifications Tabletop HATS Type 5128-B ............................................................................ 48
6.3 Specifications HF HATS Types 5128-C and 5128-D................................................................. 48
APPENDIX A
Literature References ............................................................................................................ 49
APPENDIX B
Glossary................................................................................................................................. 51
INDEX ............................................................................................................................................................ 55

1
Chapter 1
Introduction
1.1 About this Manual
This manual covers the operation of High-frequency Head and Torso Simulator (HF HATS)
Types 5128-C and 5128-D, Tabletop HATS Type 5128-B, and all their accessories.
It also includes the associated Right Ear Simulator Type 4620-R, and Left Ear Simulator Type 4620-L.
For a description of the features and functions of Handset Positioner Type 4606 (included with
Type 5128-D), see Chapter 4.
1.2 HF HATS Types 5128-C and 5128-D
HF HATS Types 5128-C and 5128-D each consist of a head mounted on a torso, both of which
represent the international average dimensions of a human adult. In airborne acoustic
measurements it provides correct simulation of the acoustic field around a human head and torso
as specified in ITU-T Rec. P58 and IEC 60318 – 7. You can use HF HATS free-standing, or fitted on
a tripod or turntable using the tripod mounting adapter.
1.3 Tabletop HATS Type 5128-B
Tabletop HATS Type 5128-B is dedicated totesting all types of headphones. It uses the same head
that is supplied with HF HATS Types 5128-C and 5128-D, but instead of a torso, a support foot is
used to hold the head.
Tabletop HATS is configurable and typically includes two ear simulators, but normally does not
include a mouth simulator.
1.4 Mouth Simulator
The mouth simulator in HF HATS has a high-compliance loudspeaker that gives powerful low-
frequency response and low distortion. The acoustic transmission path from the loudspeaker to
the mouth opening ensures a frequency response of the sound pressure level in front of the
mouth, that can be equalized easily. The equivalent lip plane containing the ITU-T Centre of Lip
(CL), as defined by ITU-T, is 6 mm in front of the mouth opening. The usual calibration position
is at the ITU-T mouth reference point (MRP), 25 mm in front of this plane.

High-frequency Head and Torso Simulator (HF HATS) Type 5128 – User Manual
2
Type 5128 is equipped with chin clip that will hold a 1/4reference microphone at precisely the
correct distance for calibration at the MRP. This chin clip can also hold a microphone at the
opening of the mouth to monitor or equalise the sound pressure at this point.
The mouth simulator produces a sound-pressure distribution around the opening of the mouth
that simulates that of an average adult human mouth, correlating with the figures given in
ITU-T Rec. P.58. The position of the acoustic centre of the mouth simulator also follows that of
humans over the speech frequency range.
1.5 Ear Simulator Types 4620-L and 4620-R
Ear Simulator Types 4620-L and 4620-R consist of a soft, silicone-rubber pinna with a hardness
close to a real human ear pinna connected to an average human ear canal. The ear canal ends in
an occluded ear simulator that simulates an average human ear drum. The occluded ear simulator
contains a 1/4microphone and is connected to a microphone preamplifier.
Type 4620-R is the right ear of Type 5128, and Type 4620-L is the left ear of Type 5128. Both ears
are delivered with calibration information and a calibration chart specific to the entire ear
simulator. Sound Calibrator Type 4231 is a suitable calibrator for these ear simulators.
The combined influence of the torso, head, pinna and ear-canal on airborne sound signals can be
quantified by the acoustic free-field transfer function (the frequency response from free-field to
the eardrum). This is called the listener free-field frequency response (LFR) in
telecommunications and the mannequin frequency response (MFR) or the head-related transfer
function (HRTF) in technical audiology.

CHAPTER 1
Introduction 3
1.6 Accessories for all HF HATS Types
Fig.1.1 Accessories included with all HF HATS Types: (1) Calibrator Adapter DI-0658; (2) Data Disk for HATS BC-5009
Additional accessories included with HF HATS Types 5128-C/D:
(3) Microphone Holder UI-0209 (for 7 mm wide 1/4
 microphone);
(4) Adapter DI-1058 (to hold 6.25 mm wide 1/4  microphone);
(5) Power Supply ZG-0426

High-frequency Head and Torso Simulator (HF HATS) Type 5128 – User Manual
4
Fig.1.2 Optional accessories for Type 5128: (1) Sound Calibrator Type 4231; (2) Adapter for 1/4  Microphone
DP-0775; (3) Pressure-field 1/4  Microphone Type 4944-A; (4) Feet UA-1043 (incl. 4  3 mm bolts and rubber
spacers); (5) Tripod Mounting Adapter UC-5290; (6) 3 mm Allen Key QX-1172; (7) Support for Tabletop HATS
UA-2180

5
Chapter 2
Operation
2.1 Assembling HF HATS Types 5128-C and 5128-D
HF HATS Types 5128-C and 5128-D can be used free-standing, or supported on a tripod using
adapter UC-5290 (Fig.1.2). The adapter screws onto the top of a tripod. The torso can then be
fitted onto it and secured by tightening the locking nut.
If HF HATS is to be used free-standing, it is advisable to fit the extra feet supplied (UA-1043,
Fig.2.1) to give it extra stability. To do this, unscrew the small rubber feet from the base of the
torso. Then, ensuring that the spacers supplied are placed between the base of the torso and the
extra feet, secure the extra feet with the screws supplied. The small rubber feet can be fitted to the
extra feet if desired, as in Fig.2.1.
Fig.2.1
HF HATS with one of
the Feet UA-1043
attached. (The items
that constitute the
other foot are also
shown)
2.2 Utilizing the Mouth Simulator
The loudspeaker of the mouth simulator can be driven directly from any voltage source. The
mouth simulator can be driven with a maximum continuous voltage of up to 0.7 Vrms. Input levels
of up to 1.5 Vrms can be safely used for periods of less than 2 s. If voltage is exceeding this time
frame, the integrated amplifier will go into protection mode (muting the loudspeaker) for 2 s.

High-frequency Head and Torso Simulator (HF HATS) Type 5128 – User Manual
6
CAUTION: The mouth simulator is equipped with a protection circuit to prevent damage to the unit,
and even though this protection circuit is present, there may be a risk of damaging the
mouth simulator by excessive input voltage. Should the protection circuit be activated
(due to a high voltage input), turn down the input level and wait until the protection circuit
deactivates. The mouth simulator will be ready again after approximately 30 s.
An input signal is applied to the mouth simulator via the BNC connector marked ‘Mouth’, see
Fig.2.2.
Any type of input signal can be used, ranging from a pure sine wave to a real voice signal (for
example, ITU-T Rec. P.501).
Fig.2.2 HF HATS connector panel: (1) for configurations with a mouth simulator only, (2) for configurations with left
and right ear simulators only, (3) for configurations with left and right ear simulators and a mouth simulator
2.3 Calibration of the Mouth Simulator
The method of calibrating the mouth simulator depends on the application for which it is to be
used. For example, the standards IEEE 269 and ITU-T Rec. P.51 for measurements on telephone
equipment demand that measurements refer to the MRP, 25 mm in front of the equivalent lip
plane. Therefore, the output sound pressure level should be measured at this position during
calibration procedure.
For calibration at the MRP, Type 5128 has a microphone holder which positions a 1/4
m i c r o p h o n e w i t h p r e a m p l i f i e r ( f o r e x a m p l e , B r ü e l & K j æ r T y p e 4 9 4 4 ) a t t h e M R P ( s e e F i g . 2 . 3 ) . T h e
diaphragm of the microphone should be positioned at the level of the centre of the mouth. This
holder can also be used to hold a 1/4microphone at the opening of the mouth simulator orifice
in order to monitor the sound pressure at this location.

CHAPTER 2
Operation 7
Fig.2.3
1/4  microphone with
preamplifier in the
holder that positions
them at the MRP,
25 mm from the
equivalent lip plane
(Type 4128-C/D shown)
Some 1/4microphones (for example, Brüel & Kjær Type 4938, which is 6.25 mm wide) require
that adapter DI-1058 is mounted in the microphone holder, see Fig.2.4
Fig.2.4
Microphone holder
with adapter DI-1058
fitted (shown before
1/4
 microphone is
located in position).
Type 4128-C/D shown
Before calibrating the mouth simulator, the microphone and audio analyzer should be calibrated
using Sound Calibrator Type 4231, along with adapter for 1/4microphones DP-0775.
2.3.1 Mouth Equalization
Most applications require that the actual frequency response of the mouth simulator is equalized.
The equalization or compensation at a particular test position (for example at the MRP) can be
accommodated in two ways:

High-frequency Head and Torso Simulator (HF HATS) Type 5128 – User Manual
8
• By using post-processing of the excitation signal provided to the mouth simulator. Caution
should be taken to ensure that the required sound pressure level is actually produced. See,
for example, ITU-T Rec.P.581
• By using ‘live’ compression, that is, using a feedback signal from the mouth simulator output
to control the drive level to the mouth simulator. (This is easiest when a constant sound
pressure level is required. To obtain a predefined varying sound pressure level, a frequency-
dependent feedback network must be used.)
2.4 Ear Simulators
On delivery, HATS is fitted with a right and a left ear simulator. The ear simulator has a soft pinna
with a hardness very close to that of a real human pinna, furthermore it has a realistic ear canal.
This enables easy and realistic mounting of various types of headphones.
Most applications require that information about the actual sensitivity of the ear simulator is
provided. This can be accommodated in two ways:
• By using transducer electronic data sheet (TEDS) information about the coupler, sensitivity
can automatically be transferred to the application software where it will be used when
performing measurements. When TEDS transducers are used, the need for performing a
calibration of the coupler can be omitted, since the risk of introducing errors during the
transfer of sensitivity information is extremely low.
• By entering information about the coupler sensitivity from the data disk provided with HATS
to the application software that will be used for performing the measurements. In this case
the calibration procedure outlined below should be applied. Beside the coupler sensitivity
the data disk also holds other relevant data, for example, diffuse-field and free-field
corrections, see section 2.5.3 for more information
Fig.2.5.
Cross-section of the
head of HATS with the
ear simulator and
preamplifier fitted
Occluded Ear
Simulator (R)
Anatomical
Pinna (R)
Ear canal
Cable
guide
170209

CHAPTER 2
Operation 9
2.5 Calibration of the Ear Simulator
Prior to calibrating the ear simulator, the associated connector ‘Right ear’ or ‘Left ear’ shall be
connected to an audio analyzer, see Fig.2.2. The ear simulator is equipped with a pre-polarized
microphone, hence no external polarization voltage is required. Each ear simulator can be
calibrated using the Sound Calibrator Type 4231. Type 4231 provides a 1 kHz sinusoidal tone
(±1.5%) with a level accuracy of ±0.3 dB.
✐Please note: The calibration procedure is the same for the left and right ear.
The microphone is an integral part of the ear simulator and must not be removed from the
ear simulator assembly.
To calibrate the ear simulator, use the following procedure and refer to the relevant steps in
Fig.2.6:
1) Release the complete ear simulator by pressing the button located on the neck of Type 5128.
2) Remove the coupler from the ear simulator by unscrewing the plastic nut.
3) Fit the calibrator adapter DI-0658 onto the coupler and secure it using the plastic nut.
CAUTION: Be careful not to damage the thread of the nut. Do not use excessive force and make sure
that the threads in the two pieces engage properly before you screw in the calibration
adapter. Do not over-tighten. Do not touch the microphone diaphragm.
4) Fit the calibrator onto the adapter. Ensure that it is pushed firmly over the end of the adapter.
5) Switch the calibrator on.
6) Adjust the sensitivity of the measuring instrument to display the correct sound pressure level,
as indicated in Table 2.11. The procedure for doing this is described in the instruction manual
for the audio analyzer being used for the measurement.
1 The value in Table 2.1 differs from the sound pressure level given in the instruction manual for the
calibrator. This is because the actual sound pressure level at the microphone diaphragm is influenced
by the coupler.
Table 2.1
The actual sound
pressure level at the
microphone
diaphragm when using
Calibrator Type 4228
or Type 4231 with
Calibrator Adapter
DI-0658
Calibrator Adapter Corrected Output
Level (SPL)
Pistonphone
Type 4228 DI-0658*and
DP-0776†
*Supplied with Type 5128-C.
†Supplied with Pistonphone Type 4228.
Stated SPL +
Lp– 0.7 dB‡
‡‘Stated SPL’ is the sound pressure level stated on the calibration chart (BC-0195) of Type 4228. The
nominal SPL of Type 4228 is 124 dB.
‘Lp’ is the correction for the ambient pressure, which can be read directly from Correction Barometer
UZ-0004 suppled with Type 4228.
Sound Calibrator
Type 4231 DI-0658*95.2 dB

High-frequency Head and Torso Simulator (HF HATS) Type 5128 – User Manual
10
Fig.2.6 Calibration of the ear simulator (on Type 5128-B/C/D)

CHAPTER 2
Operation 11
7) Switch the calibrator off.
8) Remove the calibrator from the adapter.
9) Remove the calibrator adapter DI-0658 from the coupler by unscrewing the nut.
10) Attach the coupler to the ear simulator by tightening up the nut.
CAUTION: Be careful not to damage the thread of the nut on the coupler or the ear canal. Do not use
excessive force and make sure that the threads in the two pieces engage properly before
you screw in the coupler. Do not over-tighten.
11) Reposition the complete ear simulator by fitting the ear simulator back into Type 5128.
✐Please note: It is recommended to exchange the pinna within three years from the date stated on the
label, as the hardness of the pinna might change over time. Please see Fig.2.6 (2) and
Fig.2.6 (10) for positioning of the label.
2.5.1 Separating the Head from the Torso – Types 5128-C/D Only
Separate the head from the torso by turning the head 90° in either direction and then pulling it
out gently from the torso, see Fig.2.7. Cables attached to both the ear simulators, the mouth
simulator and the power supply can be disconnected from the connector plate inside the neck.
When replacing the head, make sure the marks on the neck of the torso are lined up with the line
on the neck, this ensures that the head is facing exactly forwards. This is how the head should be
positioned in relation to the torso for the vast majority of applications, but the head can be set
at other angles if required. To reassemble the head, simply reverse the procedure.
Fig.2.7
Steps to remove the
head from the torso of
Types 5128-C/D

High-frequency Head and Torso Simulator (HF HATS) Type 5128 – User Manual
12
2.5.2 Positioning Aids on HF HATS – Types 5128-C/D Only
Fig.2.8 shows the positions of threaded fixing holes (all M3-threaded) which are provided at
various locations on HF HATS. These allow attachment of user-designed support structures for the
devices under test, if required. To help position devices under test, HF HATS has grids marked in
centimetres both horizontally and vertically around both ears.
Fig.2.8
The positions of the
fixing holes on HF
HATS. All dimensions
shown in mm
2.5.3 Data Disk Supplied with HATS
Each Type 5128 comes with a data disk containing calibration data as well as other relevant data
in ASCII format. The data disk contains calibration measurements for the mouth simulator, the
right ear simulator (Type 4620-R), and the left ear simulator (Type 4620-L). The calibration data
supplied is listed in Table 2.2. Only the listener free-field frequency response and the talker
frequency response (TFR) are measured individually for each HATS. The other measurements are
typical, and are stored in the ‘Typical Data’ directory. The variation between different HATS is
small and is mainly due to sensitivity variations between the ear simulators. Because of this, the
individual measurements can be used to ‘correct’ the typical measurements for a particular HATS.
Dividing the individual data in the file ‘LFR R-5128-C-111- xxxxxxx.csv’ by the 0 degrees typical
data in the file ‘LFR R, EL+0, AZ 0-360.txt’ will reveal the variation from the typical right ear
simulator sensitivity. This correction curve can be multiplied by any other ear measurements to
‘correct’ the typical curve. The same procedure can be applied for the left ear simulator.
CL
420
100100
287
990092/1
24
18