Cambium PTP 450 series User manual

Cambium PTP 450 User
Guide
System Release 13.2

ii
ptp-450 (July 2014)
PTP 450 module essential information
Default IP Address for Management GUI Access
169.254.1.1
Default Administrator Username
admin
Default Administrator Password
(no password)
Software Upgrade Procedure
See “Updating the software version and using CNUT”
in the PMP 450 Configuration and User Guide
Resetting to Factory Defaults (2 options)
1. On the radio GUI, navigate to Configuration,
Unit Settings and select Set to Factory Defaults
OR
2. On the radio GUI, navigate to Configuration,
Unit Settings and enable and save option Set to
Factory Defaults Upon Default Plug Detection.
When the unit is powered on with a
default/override plug (see section “Acquiring the
Override Plug” in the PMP 450 Configuration and
User Guide) the radio will be returned to its
factory default settings.

ptp-450 (July 2014)
iii
Accuracy
While reasonable efforts have been made to assure the accuracy of this document, Cambium Networks assumes
no liability resulting from any inaccuracies or omissions in this document, or from use of the information obtained
herein. Cambium reserves the right to make changes to any products described herein to improve reliability,
function, or design, and reserves the right to revise this document and to make changes from time to time in
content hereof with no obligation to notify any person of revisions or changes. Cambium does not assume any
liability arising out of the application or use of any product, software, or circuit described herein; neither does it
convey license under its patent rights or the rights of others. It is possible that this publication may contain
references to, or information about Cambium products (machines and programs), programming, or services that
are not announced in your country. Such references or information must not be construed to mean that Cambium
intends to announce such Cambium products, programming, or services in your country.
Copyrights
This document, Cambium products, and 3rd Party Software products described in this document may include or
describe copyrighted Cambium and other 3rd Party supplied computer programs stored in semiconductor
memories or other media. Laws in the United States and other countries preserve for Cambium, its licensors, and
other 3rd Party supplied software certain exclusive rights for copyrighted material, including the exclusive right to
copy, reproduce in any form, distribute and make derivative works of the copyrighted material. Accordingly, any
copyrighted material of Cambium, its licensors, or the 3rd Party software supplied material contained in the
Cambium products described in this document may not be copied, reproduced, reverse engineered, distributed,
merged or modified in any manner without the express written permission of Cambium. Furthermore, the
purchase of Cambium products shall not be deemed to grant either directly or by implication, estoppel, or
otherwise, any license under the copyrights, patents or patent applications of Cambium or other 3rd Party supplied
software, except for the normal non-exclusive, royalty free license to use that arises by operation of law in the sale
of a product.
Restrictions
Software and documentation are copyrighted materials. Making unauthorized copies is prohibited by law. No part
of the software or documentation may be reproduced, transmitted, transcribed, stored in a retrieval system, or
translated into any language or computer language, in any form or by any means, without prior written permission
of Cambium.
License Agreements
The software described in this document is the property of Cambium and its licensors. It is furnished by express
license agreement only and may be used only in accordance with the terms of such an agreement.
High Risk Materials
Components, units, or 3rd Party products used in the product described herein are NOT fault-tolerant and are NOT
designed, manufactured, or intended for use as on-line control equipment in the following hazardous
environments requiring fail-safe controls: the operation of Nuclear Facilities, Aircraft Navigation or Aircraft
Communication Systems, Air Traffic Control, Life Support, or Weapons Systems (High Risk Activities).
Cambium and its supplier(s) specifically disclaim any expressed or implied warranty of fitness for such High Risk
Activities.
© 2014 Cambium Networks, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

iv
ptp-450 (July 2014)
Safety and regulatory information
This section describes important safety and regulatory guidelines that must be observed by personnel
installing or operating PMP 450 equipment.
Important safety information
To prevent loss of life or physical injury, observe the safety guidelines in this section.
Power lines
Exercise extreme care when working near power lines.
Working at heights
Exercise extreme care when working at heights.
Grounding and protective earth
PMP 450 units must be properly grounded to protect against lightning. It is the user’s responsibility to
install the equipment in accordance with national regulations. In the USA, follow Section 810 of the
National Electric Code, ANSI/NFPA No.70-1984 (USA). In Canada, follow Section 54 of the Canadian
Electrical Code. These codes describe correct installation procedures for grounding the outdoor unit, mast,
lead-in wire and discharge unit, size of grounding conductors and connection requirements for grounding
electrodes. Other regulations may apply in different countries and therefore it is recommended that
installation of the outdoor unit be contracted to a professional installer.
Powering down before servicing
Always power down and unplug the equipment before servicing.
Primary disconnect device
The AP or SM unit’s power supply is the primary disconnect device.
External cables
Safety may be compromised if outdoor rated cables are not used for connections that will be exposed to the
outdoor environment.
RF exposure near the antenna
Radio frequency (RF) fields will be present close to the antenna when the transmitter is on. Always turn off
the power to the PMP 450 unit before undertaking maintenance activities in front of the antenna.

ptp-450 (July 2014)
v
Minimum separation distances
Install the AP or SM so as to provide and maintain the minimum separation distances from people.
The minimum separation distances for each frequency variants are specified in the PMP 450 Planning
Guide.
Important regulatory information
The PMP 450 product is certified as an unlicensed device in frequency bands where it is not allowed to
cause interference to licensed services (called primary users of the bands).
Radar avoidance
In countries where radar systems are the primary band users, the regulators have mandated special
requirements to protect these systems from interference caused by unlicensed devices. Unlicensed devices
must detect and avoid co-channel operation with radar systems.
Installers and users must meet all local regulatory requirements for radar detection. To meet these
requirements, users must set the correct region code during commissioning of the PMP 450. If this is not
done, installers and users may be liable to civil and criminal penalties.
Contact the Cambium helpdesk if more guidance is required.
USA and Canada specific information
The USA Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has asked manufacturers to implement special
features to prevent interference to radar systems that operate in the 5250-5350 and 5470-5725 MHz bands.
These features must be implemented in all products able to operate outdoors in the UNII band. The use of
the 5600 –5650 MHz band is prohibited, even with detect-and-avoid functionality implemented.
Manufacturers must ensure that such radio products cannot be configured to operate outside of FCC rules;
specifically it must not be possible to disable or modify the radar protection functions that have been
demonstrated to the FCC.
In order to comply with these FCC requirements, Cambium supplies variants of the PMP 450 for operation
in the USA or Canada. These variants are only allowed to operate with region codes that comply with
FCC/IC rule.

Contents
PTP 450 User Guide
ptp-450 (July 2014)
vi
Contents
PTP 450 module essential information .................................................................................................................. ii
Safety and regulatory information......................................................................... iv
Important safety information......................................................................................................................... iv
Important regulatory information................................................................................................................... v
About This Configuration and User Guide ............................................................ xiii
General information............................................................................................................................................ xiv
Problems and warranty........................................................................................................................................ xvi
Security advice..................................................................................................................................................xviii
Warnings, cautions and notes.............................................................................................................................. xix
Chapter 1: Product Description......................................................................... 1-1
Overview of PTP 450..........................................................................................................................................1-2
Purpose........................................................................................................................................................1-2
Key Features................................................................................................................................................ 1-2
Typical deployment.....................................................................................................................................1-3
System components.....................................................................................................................................1-3
Backhaul Master (BHM).....................................................................................................................................1-5
Network connection.....................................................................................................................................1-8
BHM power supply ..................................................................................................................................... 1-8
Further reading on the BHM .......................................................................................................................1-8
Backhaul Slave (BHS)........................................................................................................................................1-9
Mounting brackets.......................................................................................................................................1-9
Network connection.....................................................................................................................................1-9
BHS power supply....................................................................................................................................... 1-9
Further reading on the BHS.........................................................................................................................1-9
Cabling and lightning protection....................................................................................................................... 1-13
PTP and lightning protection.....................................................................................................................1-13
Outdoor connections.................................................................................................................................. 1-13
Wireless operation ............................................................................................................................................1-14
Time division duplexing............................................................................................................................ 1-14
OFDM and channel bandwidth..................................................................................................................1-15
Link operation –Dynamic Rate Adapt......................................................................................................1-15
Adaptive modulation.................................................................................................................................1-20
MIMO........................................................................................................................................................ 1-20
Cyclic Prefix.............................................................................................................................................. 1-20
Encryption.................................................................................................................................................1-20
Further reading on wireless operation .......................................................................................................1-20
System management .........................................................................................................................................1-21
Management agent ....................................................................................................................................1-21
Web server................................................................................................................................................. 1-21
SNMP........................................................................................................................................................1-24

PTP 450 User Guide
Contents
ptp-450 (July 2014)
vii
Network Time Protocol (NTP).................................................................................................................. 1-24
Wireless Manager (WM)........................................................................................................................... 1-24
Capacity upgrades ..................................................................................................................................... 1-25
Software upgrade....................................................................................................................................... 1-25
Further reading on system management....................................................................................................1-25
Chapter 2: Planning considerations ................................................................ 2-26
Regulatory planning.......................................................................................................................................... 2-27
Obeying Regulatory limits ........................................................................................................................2-27
Conforming to the limits ........................................................................................................................... 2-27
Network migration planning.............................................................................................................................2-28
Example PTP 450 deployment scenario....................................................................................................2-28
Sector capacity .......................................................................................................................................... 2-30
Site planning .....................................................................................................................................................2-35
BHM or BHS site selection.......................................................................................................................2-35
Power supply site selection .......................................................................................................................2-35
Maximum cable lengths ............................................................................................................................ 2-35
Wind loading............................................................................................................................................. 2-36
Link planning....................................................................................................................................................2-38
Range and obstacles ..................................................................................................................................2-38
Path loss considerations............................................................................................................................. 2-57
Calculating maximum power level for connectorized units ...................................................................... 2-57
Understanding Attenuation........................................................................................................................2-57
Calculating Link Loss................................................................................................................................2-58
Calculating Rx Signal Level......................................................................................................................2-58
Calculating Fade Margin........................................................................................................................... 2-59
Analyzing the RF Environment ........................................................................................................................2-59
Mapping RF Neighbor Frequencies ..........................................................................................................2-59
Analyzing the spectrum.............................................................................................................................2-59
Anticipating Reflection of Radio Waves...................................................................................................2-60
Noting Possible Obstructions in the Fresnel Zone.....................................................................................2-60
Multiple OFDM BHM Clusters.................................................................................................................2-61
Planning for co-location and using the OFDM Frame Calculator Tool ....................................................2-63
Selecting Sites for Network Elements............................................................................................................... 2-66
Surveying Sites..........................................................................................................................................2-67
Clearing the Radio Horizon....................................................................................................................... 2-67
Calculating the Aim Angles ...................................................................................................................... 2-68
Diagramming Network Layouts........................................................................................................................ 2-69
Avoiding Self Interference ........................................................................................................................ 2-69
Avoiding Other Interference......................................................................................................................2-70
Grounding and lightning protection.................................................................................................................. 2-71
The need for power surge protection.........................................................................................................2-71
Standards................................................................................................................................................... 2-71
Lightning protection zones........................................................................................................................2-71
General protection requirements ...............................................................................................................2-72
Protection requirements for a mast or tower installation........................................................................... 2-73
Protection requirements on a high rise building........................................................................................ 2-74

PTP 450 User Guide
Contents
viii
ptp-450 (July 2014)
Configuration options for TDD synchronization .............................................................................................. 2-76
Data network planning......................................................................................................................................2-78
Understanding addresses...........................................................................................................................2-78
Dynamic or static addressing..................................................................................................................... 2-78
DNS Client................................................................................................................................................ 2-78
Network Address Translation (NAT)........................................................................................................2-79
Developing an IP addressing scheme........................................................................................................2-80
Address Resolution Protocol.....................................................................................................................2-80
Allocating subnets..................................................................................................................................... 2-80
Selecting non-routable IP addresses.......................................................................................................... 2-81
Translation bridging .................................................................................................................................. 2-81
Engineering VLANs.................................................................................................................................. 2-82
Security planning.............................................................................................................................................. 2-85
Isolating BHMs from the Internet ............................................................................................................. 2-85
Managing module access by passwords....................................................................................................2-85
Filtering protocols and ports......................................................................................................................2-89
Port Lockdown.......................................................................................................................................... 2-92
Isolating BHSs...........................................................................................................................................2-92
Filtering management through Ethernet....................................................................................................2-92
Allowing management from only specified IP addresses.......................................................................... 2-92
Configuring management IP by DHCP.....................................................................................................2-93
Planning for airlink security......................................................................................................................2-93
Planning for RF Telnet Access Control..................................................................................................... 2-93
Forwarding Downlink PPPoE PADI packets............................................................................................ 2-93
Planning for SNMP security......................................................................................................................2-94
Ordering components........................................................................................................................................ 2-95
PTP 450 component part numbers............................................................................................................. 2-95
Chapter 3: Legal information .......................................................................... 3-99
Cambium Networks end user license agreement ............................................................................................3-100
Acceptance of this agreement.................................................................................................................. 3-100
Definitions...............................................................................................................................................3-100
Grant of license .......................................................................................................................................3-100
Conditions of use..................................................................................................................................... 3-100
Title and restrictions................................................................................................................................3-101
Confidentiality......................................................................................................................................... 3-102
Right to use Cambium’s name.................................................................................................................3-102
Transfer ...................................................................................................................................................3-102
Updates....................................................................................................................................................3-102
Maintenance ............................................................................................................................................3-103
Disclaimer ...............................................................................................................................................3-103
Limitation of liability .............................................................................................................................. 3-103
U.S. government......................................................................................................................................3-104
Term of license........................................................................................................................................3-104
Governing law.........................................................................................................................................3-104
Assignment.............................................................................................................................................. 3-104
Survival of provisions..............................................................................................................................3-104

PTP 450 User Guide
Contents
ptp-450 (July 2014)
ix
Entire agreement......................................................................................................................................3-105
Third party software................................................................................................................................ 3-105
Hardware warranty.......................................................................................................................................... 3-108
Limit of liability..............................................................................................................................................3-109
Chapter 4: Reference information................................................................. 4-110
Equipment specifications................................................................................................................................ 4-111
BHM specifications.................................................................................................................................4-111
BHS specifications ..................................................................................................................................4-115
Wireless specifications.................................................................................................................................... 4-118
General wireless specifications ............................................................................................................... 4-118
Data network specifications............................................................................................................................4-119
Ethernet interface ....................................................................................................................................4-119
Compliance with safety standards................................................................................................................... 4-120
Electrical safety compliance.................................................................................................................... 4-120
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) compliance................................................................................. 4-120
Human exposure to radio frequency energy............................................................................................4-120
Compliance with radio regulations ................................................................................................................. 4-124
Type approvals........................................................................................................................................4-124
DFS for 5.4 GHz Radios .........................................................................................................................4-125
Country Codes and available spectrum ...................................................................................................4-127
FCC compliance testing .......................................................................................................................... 4-140
FCC and ICC IDs and certification numbers...........................................................................................4-140
Listen Before Talk (LBT) for 3.6 GHz Radios........................................................................................ 4-145
Notifications.................................................................................................................................................... 4-147
PTP 450 regulatory compliance ..............................................................................................................4-147
Appendix A: Glossary .................................................................................... 4-151

List of Figures
PTP 450 User Guide
ptp-450 (July 2014)
x
List of Figures
Figure 1 Line of Sight Diagram.................................................................................................................................1-2
Figure 2 BHM, Radio unit........................................................................................................................................1-5
Figure 3 BHM, antenna ............................................................................................................................................1-5
Figure 4 BHM interfaces –3.5 GHz, 3.6 GHz, 5 GHz..............................................................................................1-5
Figure 5 BHM diagnostic LEDs, viewed from unit front.......................................................................................... 1-7
Figure 6 PTP 450 Series BHS...................................................................................................................................1-9
Figure 7 BHS interfaces.......................................................................................................................................... 1-10
Figure 8 Connectorized BHS..................................................................................................................................1-10
Figure 9 BHS diagnostic LEDs, viewed from unit front ........................................................................................1-11
Figure 10 TDD Frame Division............................................................................................................................... 1-14
Figure 11 BHM web-based management screenshot............................................................................................... 1-22
Figure 12 Determinants in Rx signal level...............................................................................................................2-58
Figure 13 Example layout of 16 BHM sectors (ABCD), 90 degree sectors ............................................................ 2-61
Figure 14 Example layout of 16 BHM sectors (ABC), 60 degree sectors............................................................... 2-62
Figure 15 OFDM Frame Calculator tab..................................................................................................................2-64
Figure 16 Variables for calculating angle of elevation (and depression)................................................................. 2-68
Figure 17 Rolling sphere method to determine the lightning protection zones .......................................................2-71
Figure 18 Grounding cable minimum bend radius and angle................................................................................. 2-73
Figure 19 Grounding and lightning protection on mast or tower............................................................................. 2-73
Figure 20 Grounding and lightning protection on building..................................................................................... 2-74
Figure 21 Grounding and lightning protection inside high building........................................................................ 2-75
Figure 22 One unsynchronized BHM in cluster resulting in self-interference ........................................................2-77
Figure 23 GPS timing throughout the network........................................................................................................2-77
Figure 24 Cambium network management domain................................................................................................. 2-79
Figure 25 Example of IP address in Class B subnet ................................................................................................ 2-81
Figure 26 Categorical protocol filtering ..................................................................................................................2-91
Figure 27 BHM DFS Status..................................................................................................................................4-125