Comark EXACT-V2 User manual

Document Reference: MPD-1611291-A

USER
MANUAL
MPD-1611291-A
EXACT-V2 High End Rack Modulator / Exciter
3/10/2017
MPD-1611291-A
Page 2/94

USER
MANUAL
MPD-1611291-A
EXACT-V2 High End Rack Modulator / Exciter
3/10/2017
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Table of Content
1System Overview 9
1.1 General overview.......................................................................... 11
1.2 Block diagram .............................................................................. 12
2Features Summary 13
2.1 Features Overview ........................................................................ 15
2.2 Input Stream Interfaces ................................................................ 17
2.2.1 ASI/SMPTE Inputs......................................................................... 17
2.3 Input Stream Management ............................................................ 17
2.3.1 TS CleverSwitch Control ................................................................ 18
2.3.2 Seamless Switching ...................................................................... 19
2.4 Modulation Core ........................................................................... 19
2.5 Test modes operation.................................................................... 19
2.5.1 PRBS sequence............................................................................. 19
2.5.2 Sinus tone generation ................................................................... 19
2.6 Digital Precorrection...................................................................... 20
2.6.1 Digital Adaptive Precorrection......................................................... 22
2.6.2 Manual Digital Pre-correction ............................................................. 25
2.6.3 Adaptive Linear pre-correction for sharp channel filters (in ATSC 1.0)..... 25
2.7 Output Processing......................................................................... 26
2.7.1 RF output muting and RF maintain features...................................... 26
2.7.2 Crest Factor Reduction Management ............................................... 27
2.7.3 DAP Operation.............................................................................. 30
2.8 Clock and Synchronization ............................................................. 32
2.8.1 GPS and clock management for VX20-x0x2...................................... 32
2.8.2 Warm-up Time ............................................................................. 35
2.8.3 Loss of Reference Signal management (LORS) ................................. 35
2.9 Power Measurements .................................................................... 37
2.10 Automatic Gain Control (AGC) ........................................................ 38
3EXACT-V2 Rack 39
3.1 EXACT-V2 mechanics .................................................................... 41
3.1.1 Front panel layout......................................................................... 41
3.1.2 Rear Panel Layout......................................................................... 42
3.2 Interface characteristics ................................................................ 42
3.3 Front Panel signalization (LEDs description) ..................................... 52
3.4 Power requirements ...................................................................... 53
3.5 Performances and technical characteristics....................................... 53
3.5.1 General characteristics .................................................................. 53
3.5.2 Control and data Ethernet interfaces ............................................... 53
3.5.3 Serial control interfaces................................................................. 54
3.5.4 ASI inputs / output and MPEG-TS processing.................................... 55
3.5.5 Digital modulation......................................................................... 56
3.5.6Clock synchronization.................................................................... 57
3.5.7 RF and monitoring outputs............................................................. 59

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3.5.8 Digital precorrection ......................................................................60
3.5.9 Power level measurement inputs and AGC........................................61
3.5.10 Dry contacts...............................................................................61
3.6 Conformity with EC Directive ..........................................................62
4EXACT-V2 Installation 63
4.1 Unpack the Unit ............................................................................65
4.2 Installation and Recommendations ..................................................65
4.2.1 Temperature alarms ......................................................................66
4.2.2 Cooling methods ...........................................................................66
4.3 Wiring and Powering on..................................................................66
4.4 Initial Configuration.......................................................................67
5Operation 71
5.1 Operation Generalities ...................................................................73
5.1.1 Local Operation.............................................................................73
5.1.2 Remote Operation .........................................................................73
5.2 Embedded Web GUI Description......................................................74
5.2.1 Requirements ...............................................................................74
5.2.2 Connection to EXACT-V2 ................................................................74
5.2.3 General Overview..........................................................................75
5.2.4 Settings Tab .................................................................................76
5.2.5 Monitoring Tab..............................................................................78
5.2.6 Log File........................................................................................79
5.3 Front Panel Menu Description..........................................................79
6Maintenance & Troubleshooting 81
6.1 Versions management....................................................................83
6.2 Software updates ..........................................................................83
6.3 Licence key management ...............................................................84
6.4 Troubleshooting of the exciter.........................................................84
6.4.1 LED Check....................................................................................84
6.4.2 Contact the technical support..........................................................85
Appendix A GPS Installation Recommendations 87
Appendix B Example of GPS Antenna 91

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Revision sheet
Warning
Content warning
This document contains preliminary information about some of the products in the
Hitachi-Comark family. Hitachi-Comark maintains the right to make changes to the
documentation at any time without prior notice in order to improve, design and
supply the best possible product.
Copy warning
This document includes some confidential information. Its usage is limited to the
owners of the product that it is relevant to. It cannot be copied, modified, or
translated into another language without prior written authorization from Hitachi-
Comark.
Document Number Revision Date Version Comments
MPD-1611291 A Nov 2016 S100 Document creation
ATSC 1.0 Version
(ATSC 3.0 Ready)
MPD-1611291 B Feb 2017 S100 Revised

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About this manual
Intended audience
This user manual has been written for those who have to use, configure and install
the product. Some chapters require some prerequisite knowledge in electronics and
especially in broadcast technologies and standards.
Product described
The following products are described in this user manual:
EXACT-V2
EXACT-V2-20dB
Commercial references and available options
Product ref. Description
EXACT-V2
EXACT-V2-20dB ATSC rack modulator with UHF/VHF* output, DAP and onboard GPS Optional +20dBm, output, DAP and onboard GPS
EXACT-ATSC 3 VP
EXACT-ALP3 ATSC 3.0 software license (Single PLP) ALP software license (3.0)
Document structure :
•Chapter 1 – System Overview
This chapter gives an overview of the product.
•Chapter 2 – Features Summary
This chapter describes the features found in the product.
•Chapter 3 – EXACT-V2 rack
This chapter describes the mechanics, characteristics and performances
of the product.
•Chapter 4 – Module Installation
This chapter explains how to install the product.
•Chapter 5 – Operations
This chapter explains how to basically operate the product.
•Chapter 6 – Maintenance and Troubleshooting
This chapter gives recommendation on how to maintain the product and
how to perform first level Troubleshooting in the event of technical issues.
*Specify at the time of order: UHF, VHF Band 3, or VHF Band I

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Associated publications
The reader of this document could improve their understanding of the product and
its effective use by reading the following documents:
[A1]
ATSC standards
A/53, A/54
http://www.atsc.org/standards.html
[A2]
DVB Measurements
ETSI TR 101 290 v1.2.1
www.dvb.org
[A3]
ATSC Compliance
A/64
http://www.atsc.org/standards.html
[A4]
SFN Network in ATSC
A/111
http://www.atsc.org/standards.html
Table 1: Relevant standards for ATSC
[A6]
Physical Layer Protocol
A/322
http://atsc.org/standards/atsc-3-0-standards/
[A7]
Link-Layer Protocol
A/330
http://atsc.org/standards/atsc-3-0-standards/
Table 2: Relevant standards for ATSC 3.0
[D1]
DVB ASI
EN50083-9, ETSI TR101 891 v1.1.1
http://atsc.org/standards/atsc-3-0-standards/
[D2]
MPEG-2 TS Standard
ISO/IEC 13818-1
http://www.iso.org
Table 3: Other standards
[I1]
IP
RFC-791
www.ietf.org
[I2]
UDP
RFC-768
www.ietf.org
[I3]
RTP & MPEG/RTR
RFC-1889 / RFC-2250
www.ietf.org
[I4]
IP Multicast
RFC-2365
www.ietf.org
[I5]
Ethernet
IEEE-802.3
http://www.ieee802.org/3/
[I6]
Multicast protocol IGMP
RFC-2236 / RFC-3376
www.ietf.org
Table 4: Relevant standards for IP

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1System Overview

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1.1 General overview
EXACT-V2 exciter has been especially designed to support, in addition to ATSC 1.0, the
complex ATSC 3.0 modulation scheme, including Digital Adaptive Pre-correction (DAP)
circuits and all required mechanisms to feed transmitters with flexible and highly
secured input stream formats. This ready-to-use high-end 1RU exciter offers the best-
in-class performance for broadcasters that want to launch ATSC 1.0 or ATSC 3.0
products with a high-performing, secured solution. Enabling users to migrate ATSC 3.0,
reusing and recycling their existing transmission system, this unique exciter
significantly reduces capital expenditure (CAPEX) costs.
In order to bring the highest performance, EXACT-V2 integrates up-to-date FPGA
technology and sophisticated digital signal processing algorithms, especially for the
modulation and the output filtering processes. With this in mind, broadcasters are able
to take full advantage of ATSC 3.0 technology.
The clock system has been carefully designed to reach a very low phase noise and it
achieves the flexibility required to operate with different synchronization schemes.
EXACT-V2 includes a high-stability OCXO oscillator and an on-board GPS receiver. It
generates a fully modulated analogue signal and includes all necessary clock &
synchronization features for high quality ATSC 3.0 synchronization, especially for SFN
networks.
Fully controlled via a user friendly WEB GUI and via SNMP (optional), EXACT-V2 also
features some very unique functionalities such as a Power Measurement Unit
(measuring in real-time the forward and reflected power levels), the TX power ON/OFF
control and the Automatic Gain Control (AGC) mechanism. EXACT-V2 Digital Adaptive
Pre-correction (Digital Adaptive Processing) algorithm, permits transmitter operation
very close to the saturation limit with unequalled RF signal performance and allows for
significant gain in transmitter Power Efficiency. This generates significant savings in
operating expenses (OPEX).
Three Ethernet control ports are available, which provides the opportunity to upgrade
a legacy transmitter configuration into a fully IP-controlled solution!

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1.2 Block diagram
The generic block diagram is described below:
Figure 1: EXACT-V2 functional block diagram
EXACT-V2 features two ASI/SMPTE input streams that can be processed in parallel for
stream redundancy (Primary/Secondary). Four IP streaming (Gigabit) input/output
ports are reserved for ATSC 3.0 mode.
The clock and synchronization process has been carefully designed to reach the best
performance for all of the supported standards. 1PPS and 10MHz external reference
signals are available to reach a higher frequency accuracy. An on-board GPS receiver
is also available and may be used for this purpose.
Regarding the control and management of EXACT-V2, an embedded web server
provides a user-friendly graphical user interface (GUI) that that can be accessed by
any web browser. Three IP control ports are available.
Two connectors are provided for the feedback inputs from the amplifier (FBA_IN) and
from the filter (FBF_IN). These inputs are used for the Digital Adaptive Precorrection
(DAP).
A serial port is also available for complete transmitter control and monitoring
integration within the modulator’s Web GUI.

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2Features Summary

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2.1 Features Overview
Input Stream Management
ATSC 1.0 :
o2x ASI/SMPTE 310M Inputs :
ASI: 188 or 204 byte format with RS decoding – TS/ASI (ETSI EN
102 773 - [D1] & [D2])
SMPTE 310M: 188 byte format
o1x ASI Output (188 byte) – Stream output type: TS/ASI
oRedundancy management :
TS CleverSwitch: stream switching between Main and Secondary input
– See TS CleverSwitch control
oBit rate adaptation & PCR re-stamping
oNull packet deletion
ATSC framing and channel encoding
o8-VSB modulation core
oVirtual Channel Table Update
ATSC 3.0 : (Available from the S110 firmware version)
Digital Adaptive Non-Linear Precorrection circuits
oFlexible operating modes: STATIC (EDIT), SINGLE, SURVEY or
CONTINUOUS
oRF feedback signals sampled in real-time after Power Amplifier
Digital Linear Precorrection circuits
oManual mode
oAdaptive mode : STATIC (EDIT) or SINGLE
oRF feedback signals sampled in real-time after RF filter
PAPR reduction system and protection clipping
RF output
oFrequency band: UHF and VHF band
oBandwidth: 6MHz
oMain output (0dBm or optional +20dBm) and monitoring output (-20dB
relative to main output)

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oManual mute and programmable mute condition on LORS
oRF maintain function on stream input loss
Clock and synchronization signal management
oExternal reference sources: 1PPS, 10MHz inputs
oOnboard GPS (VX20-x0x2)
o10 MHz reference output
oLORS management
Measurement/Monitoring
oATSC1.0: MER and shoulder level monitoring (indicative)
o2 dedicated inputs for forward and reflected powers measurement
AGC feature
oCapacity to automatically adjust the output power to ensure a stable
system output power
oFeedback input using direct adapted RF signal from amplifier output (-
10dBm) or VDC signal from external power sensor
Control and Management
oControl and monitoring via web based GUI
oLCD front panel for main features control and monitoring
o4 front panel status LED’s
oAlarm relays
o1+1 Redundacy proprietary management
o2 Ethernet control ports on rear panel
o1 Ethernet control ports on front panel
Transmitter Environment Interface
oFull control/monitoring using seamless
Web GUI
oBased on Hitachi-Comark serial protocol
and integrated serial port
Other
o110-240 VAC
o1RU rack form factor
Note: Availability of features
depends on software
release version.
(Please refer to the
product release
notes).

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2.2 Input Stream Interfaces
2.2.1 ASI/SMPTE Inputs
The unit offers 2 ASI/SMPTE inputs compliant either with DVB-ASI ([D1] & [D2]) or
with SMPTE 310M. They can be used either in single or redundant mode. 188 or 204
byte packets without RS coding and 204 byte packets with RS coding are supported
when used in ASI mode. If 204 byte packets including RS coding are provided, then
the RS error checking and correction are performed. Both ASI “Packet mode” and “Burst
mode” are supported. When used in SMPTE 310M mode, only 188-byte format is
supported.
Input Equalizer
Each input has an equalizer that can be turned ON or OFF. This equalizer works well to
equalize cable length attenuation but does not perform as well if the input cable is
mismatched. If this is the case, and in the case of SMPTE 310M input mode being used,
the Equalizer should be turned off.
2.3 Input Stream Management
The Stream Management consists in routing the incoming data from the ASI/SMPTE or
the Ethernet interface towards the modulation core. This part can manage all types of
interfaces and it also provides the TS output stream for the ASI output interface. The
Stream Management process might operate additional basic functions such as data
monitoring, data extraction, bit-rate adaptation and routing.
Bit-rate adaptation: When using an external clock reference, the global clock
synchronization might be plesiochronous (i.e. small clock deviance between the
multiplexer and the modulator reference). In that case, it is recommended to enable
the bit rate adaptation. When this mode is activated, the unit discards or inserts null
packets in order to accurately adapt the TS input bit-rate to the bit-rate defined by the
selected ATSC mode. PCR re-stamping is then executed accordingly.
At last, an ASI output has been designed for copying either one of the input streams
(ASI1, ASI2 or the TS from the active IP input) on the Active_Stream.

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2.3.1 TS CleverSwitch Control
CleverSwitch is a flexible input redundancy management mechanism designed by
Hitachi-Comark. It is enabled by default and can be manually disabled or enabled.
Figure 2: TS CleverSwitch block diagram
CleverSwitch is based on a programmable consecutive error threshold. Once it is
reached, the stream selection switches automatically from the primary input to the
secondary. When the valid packets threshold is reached, the stream input switches
back to the primary. In 188 byte format, the switch criteria only considers the number
of consecutive valid and error packets (0x47 sync detection), whereas in 204 byte
mode, it also uses the RS errors. The switch decision is implemented only on the
primary input. The switch-back is manual or automatic in case of secondary signal
failure.

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2.3.2 Seamless Switching
The switching (and switching back) performed by the TS CleverSwitch between the
primary and the secondary stream is not expected to be seamless. However, if the
exact same data stream is present on both inputs (Primary & Secondary) then the
modulator performs seamless switching between inputs. Switching is made on a packet
basis.
2.4 Modulation Core
The modulator is fed by the active TS stream coming out of the CleverSwitch. It then
delivers IQ samples towards the Digital Pre-corrector.
From S110 version, it will support both ATSC 1.0 and ATSC 3.0 standards in the same
firmware. The user just selects the desired standard using a simple command.
In ATSC 1.0:
VCT (Virtual Channel Table) updates allows the user to change the major channel
number and carrier frequency.
In ATSC 3.0:
(Available from the S110 firmware version)
2.5 Test modes operation
2.5.1 PRBS sequence
A PRBS sequence can be internally generated and inserted at the input of the modulator
instead of an external MPEG-TS or IP Packets. The PRBS polynomial coefficients are
configurable.
2.5.2 Sinus tone generation
Two sinus tone modes are available: sinus and +6dB Boosted sinus. In these modes,
the output RF signal is replaced by a simple sinus wave at the RF frequency. The
boosted mode allows phase noise measurement without the requirement of an external
amplifier. Sinus tone generation should only be used if the exciter is being bench tested
(ie. not connected to the transmitter).
Note: Use of either sinus tone might damage the power amplifier.

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2.6 Digital Precorrection
The digital pre-correction feature is available for both ATSC 1.0 and ATSC 3.0 signal
waveforms.
The digital precorrection feature consists of two types of correction:
oLinear precorrection for compensating the distortion due to the channel
filter
oNon-linear precorrection in order to cope with the power amplifier
distortion
Digital precorrection can be:
adaptive: running automatically thanks to an internal (DAP) algorithm
manual: curves are set via TuneCast software (using IP connection)
The EXACT-V2 product integrates both Linear and Non-Linear Digital Adaptive
Precorrection, as well as Linear manual precorrection.
Figure 3: Linear & Non-Linear Precorrection methods