Cyclades Access Router Cyclades-PR1000 Operating and maintenance instructions

Cyclades-PR1000
Quick Installation Manual
Access Router
Cyclades Corporation
2537-1

Cyclades-PR1000 Quick Installation Manual
Version 1.2 – May 2002
Copyright (C) Cyclades Corporation, 1998 - 2002
We believe the information in this manual is accurate and reliable. However, we assume no responsibility, financial
or otherwise, for any consequences of the use of this product or Installation Manual.
This manual is published by Cyclades Corporation, which reserves the right to make improvements or changes in
the products described in this manual as well as to revise this publication at any time and without notice to any
person of such revision or change. The menu options described in this manual correspond to version 1.9.7 of
the CyROS operating system. This manual is printed horizontally in order to match the electronic (PDF) format
of the Installation Manual, page per page.
All brand and product names mentioned in this publication are trademarks or registered trademarks of their
respective holders.
FCC Warning Statement:
The Cyclades-PR1000 has been tested and found to comply with the limits for Class A digital devices, pursuant to
Part 15 of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference
when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate
radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the Installation Manual, may cause
harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause
harmful interference in which case the user is required to correct the problem at his or her own expense.
Canadian DOC Notice:
The Cyclades-PR1000 does not exceed the Class A limits for radio noise emissions from digital apparatus set out
in the Radio Interference Regulations of the Canadian Department of Communications.
Le Cyclades-PR1000 n’émet pas de bruits radioélectriques dépassant les limites applicables aux appareils
numériques de la classe A prescrites dans le règlement sur le brouillage radioélectrique edicté par le Ministère
des Communications du Canada.

Cyclades-PR1000
Table of Contents 3
Table of Contents
CHAPTER 1 HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL ........................................................................................................ 4
Installation Assumptions .................................................................................................................................... 5
Text Conventions................................................................................................................................................ 5
Cyclades Technical Support and Contact Information....................................................................................... 6
CHAPTER 2 WHAT IS IN THE BOX .................................................................................................................... 8
The V.35/RS-232 Model..................................................................................................................................... 9
The X.21 Model................................................................................................................................................ 10
Horizontal Surfaces...........................................................................................................................................11
Vertical Surfaces .............................................................................................................................................. 12
CHAPTER 3 USING CYROS MENUS ............................................................................................................... 15
Connection Using the Console Cable and a Computer or Terminal 15
Special Keys....................................................................................................................................................... 17
The CyROS Management Utility...................................................................................................................... 18
CHAPTER 4 STEP-BY-STEP INSTRUCTIONS FOR COMMON APPLICATIONS 20
Example 1 Connection to an Internet Access Provider via Modem 20
Example 2 A LAN-to-LAN Example Using Frame Relay 29
APPENDIX A TROUBLESHOOTING................................................................................................................. 37
What to Do if the Login Screen Does Not Appear When Using a Console. 37
What to Do if the Router Does Not Work or Stops Working. 38
Testing the Ethernet Interface .......................................................................................................................... 39
Testing the WAN Interface ............................................................................................................................... 40
Index .................................................................................................................................................................... 42

Cyclades-PR1000
4
Chapter 1 - How To Use This Manual
CHAPTER 1 HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL
Three Cyclades manuals are related to the PR1000.
1 The Quick Installation Manual -- provided with the router,
2 The Installation Manual -- available electronically on the Documentation CD that accompanies the product,
3 The CyROS Reference Guide -- also available electronically on the Documentation CD that accompanies
the product,
CyROS stands for the Cyclades Routing Operating System. It is the operating system for all Cyclades Power
Routers (PR1000, PR2000, PR3000, and PR4000). The CyROS Reference Guide contains complete information
about the features and configuration of all products in the PR line.
CyROS is constantly evolving, and the menus in this manual might be slightly different from the menus in the
router. Thelatestversion ofall three manuals(and thelatest versionof CyROS)can bedownloaded from Cyclades’
web site. All manuals indicate on the second page the manual version and the corresponding version of CyROS.
This manual should be read in the order written, with exceptions given in the text.
Chapter 2 - What is in the Box
- explains how the router should be connected.
Chapter 3 -Using Menus - describes CyROS menu navigation.
Chapter 4 -Step-by-Step Instructions for Common Applications - guide to configuration with detailed examples.
Appendix A - Troubleshooting - provides solutions and tests for typical problems.
If the network being configured is similar to one of the examples in chapter 4, only the Quick Installation Manual
maybenecessary. ThecompleteInstallation Manualcontains everythingin thismanual andthefollowingadditional
information:

Cyclades-PR1000
5
Chapter 1 - How To Use This Manual
Chapters 5 to 9- Basic router configuration information for applications that do not fit any of the examples in
chapter 4.
Chapter 10 - CyROS - shows how to set router specific parameters and create lists of hosts and users.
Chapter 11 - Network Address Translation - describes CyROS’ NAT implementation.
Chapter 12- Filters and Rules - demonstrates how to protect your router from undesired traffic.
Chapter 13 - IPX - presents the hidden menus available only in routers with IPX activated.
Chapter 14 - Virtual Private Network - describes CyROS’ VPN implementation.
Appendix B - Hardware Specifications.
Appendix C - Configuration Without a Console.
Installation Assumptions
This Installation Manual assumes that the reader understands networking basics and is familiar with the terms
and concepts used in Local Area and Wide Area Networking.
Text Conventions
Common text conventions are used. A summary is presented below:
Convention Description
CONFIG=>INTERFACE=>L A combination of menu items, with the last being either a menu item, a
parameter, or a command. In this example, L lists the interface configuration.
<INTERFACE>
A variable menu item that depends on hardware options or a choice of
hardware or software options.
IP Address
A parameter or menu item referenced in text, without path prepended.
Screen Text Screen Text
<ESC>, <Enter> Simbols representing special keyboard keys.

Cyclades-PR1000
6Chapter 1 - How to Use This Manual
Cyclades Technical Support and Contact Information
All Cyclades products include limited free technical support, software upgrades and manual updates.
These updates and the latest product information are available at:
http://www.cyclades.com
ftp://ftp.cyclades.com/pub/cyclades
Before contacting us for technical support on a configuration problem, please collect the information
listed below.
•The Cyclades product name and model.
•Applicable hardware and software options and versions.
•Information about the environment (network, carrier, etc).
•The product configuration. Print out a copy of the listing obtained by selecting INFO=>SHOW
CONFIGURATION=>ALL.
•A detailed description of the problem.
•The exact error or log messages printed by the router or by any other system.
•The Installation Guide for your product.
•Contact information in case we need to contact you at a later time.
In the United States and Canada, contact technical support by phone or e-mail:
Phone: [phone] (9:00AM to 5:00PM PST)
Fax: [phone]
E-mail: [email protected]
OutsideNorthAmerica,please contact usthrough e-mail orcontact yourlocal Cyclades distributoror representative.

Cyclades-PR1000
7Chapter 1 - How to Use This Manual
The mailing address and general phone numbers for Cyclades Corporation are:
Cyclades Corporation
Phone: + 01 [phone]
Fax: + 01 [phone]
41829 Albrae Street
Fremont, CA 94538
USA

Cyclades-PR1000
Chapter 2 - What is in the Box 8
CHAPTER 2 WHAT IS IN THE BOX
The Cyclades-PR1000 comes in two varieties, described below. Both models are accompanied by the following
accessories:
• Quick Installation Manual
• Documentation CD containing the complete Installation Manual and the CyROS Reference Guide
• Console Cable and Power Source
• Mounting Kit containing Velcro® Strips and screws.
The Documentation CD also contains a back-up copy of the op Code, in case the preinstalled copy is corrupted
in some way.

Chapter 2 - What is in the Box 9
Cyclades-PR1000
The V.35/RS-232 Model
DB-25
Male
DB-25
Male
Back Panel of PR1000
or
Straight-
Through
Cable
Straight-
Through
Cable
DB-25
Male
RS-232 Modem
with DB-25
Interface
Console Cable
Labeled “Conf”
or “Console”
To COM Port
of Computer
Power Source
To Wall Outlet
V.35 DSU/CSU
with M.34
Interface
M.34
Adaptor
1
0
WAN
On/Off
Ethernet Console
FIGURE 2.1 V.35/RS-232 MODEL
Figure2.1 shows whichcables(purchased separately) shouldbeused foreach typeofmodem andhow everything
shouldbeconnected. The pinoutdiagrams ofthesecablesare provided inAppendixBof the InstallationManual.

Cyclades-PR1000
Chapter 2 - What is in the Box 10
The X.21 Model
DB-15
Male
Back Panel of PR1000
DB-25
Male
X.21 DSU/CSU
with DB-15
Interface
Console Cable
Labeled “Conf”
or “Console”
To COM Port
of Computer
Power Source
To Wall Outlet
X.21 Modem
Cable
1
0
WAN
On/Off
Ethernet Console
FIGURE 2.2 X.21 MODEL
Figure2.2showswhichcable (purchased separately)should be usedfor an X.21 modemand how everythingshould
beconnected. Thepinout diagramof thiscable appearsinAppendixB of theInstallationManual.
Cyclades recommends the use of Category 5, shielded twisted-pair cables for Fast Ethernet connections.
The Cyclades-PR1000 comes with rubber pads to prevent it from slipping on a horizontal surface. It may be
necessary to affix the router more securely to either a horizontal or vertical surface. To this end, Velcro® strips
and screws have been provided.

Chapter 2 - What is in the Box 11
Cyclades-PR1000
Horizontal Surfaces
The Velcro® strips should be used to attach the PR1000 more firmly to a horizontal surface. Remove the
backing from the prickly Velcros® and attach them to the router as shown in the figure. Remove the backing
from the fuzzy Velcros® and place them on the horizontal surface so they are aligned with the Velcros® on the
router.
Cyclades-PR1000
Horizontal Surface Where the PR1000 Will be Secured
Fuzzy
Velcro®
Prickly
Velcro®
Prickly
Velcro®
FIGURE 2.3 HOW TO ATTACH THE VELCRO® STRIPS

Cyclades-PR1000
Chapter 2 - What is in the Box 12
Next,place the PR1000onthe horizontal surface,aligningthefuzzy andprickly Velcros®as shown inFigure2.4.
Cyclades-PR1000
Horizontal Surface Where the PR1000 Will be Secured
FIGURE 2.4 HOW TO ATTACH THE PR1000 TO A HORIZONTAL SURFACE
Vertical Surfaces
There are two slots in the base of the PR1000 to allow it to be affixed to a vertical surface. Screws and nylon
fixings (for cement walls) are provided for this purpose.
Make holes 184,8mm (7.27 in) apart on the vertical surface. If using a drill, a 5mm bit should be used. Four
millimeters (or a little more than 1/8 in) of the screw should be exposed (not counting the head).

Chapter 2 - What is in the Box 13
Cyclades-PR1000
184,8 mm or 7.27 in
Screw Slot
Cyclades-PR1000
Vertical Surface Where
the PR1000 Will be Secured
Two 5mm Ø Screws
with Nylon Fixings
FIGURE 2.5 POSITIONING OF SCREWS

Cyclades-PR1000
Chapter 2 - What is in the Box 14
Placethecenterofthe screw slots overthe screws andslide the router downso the screwshold the router inplace as
showninFigure2.6.
Cyclades-PR1000
Vertical Surface Where
the PR1000 Will be Secured
12
FIGURE 2.6 HOW TO ATTACH THE PR1000 TO A VERTICAL SURFACE
Note that the PR1000 can be hung with the LEDs facing up or facing down, whichever is more convenient.

Chapter 3 - Using CyROS Menus 15
Cyclades-PR1000
Chapter 3 Using CyROS Menus
Thischapter explains CyROSmenunavigation and specialkeys. Thereare three waystointeract with CyROS:
• Traditional menu interface using a console or Telnet session,
• CyROS Management Utility based on interactive HTML pages,
• SNMP (explained in the CyROS Reference Manual).
Connection Using the Console Cable and a Computer or Terminal
The first step is to connect a computer or terminal to the router using the console cable. If using a computer,
HyperTerminal can be used in the Windows operating system or Kermit in the Unix operating system. The
terminal parameters should be set as follows:
• Serial Speed: 9600 bps
• Data Length: 8 bits
• Parity: None
• Stop Bits: 1 stop bit
• Flow Control: Hardware flow control
or none
[PR1000] login : super
[PR1000] Password : ****
Cyclades Router (Router Name) – Main Menu
1 – Config 2 – Applications 3 – Logout
4 – Debug 5 – Info 6 – Admin
Select Option ==>
FIGURE 3.1 LOGIN PROMPT AND MAIN MENU

Cyclades-PR1000
Chapter 3 - Using CyROS Menus 16
Once the console connection is correctly established, a Cyclades banner and login prompt should appear on the
terminalscreen. Pressing<ESC>duringthebootprocesswilltemporarilyhaltinitializationandpresentseveraloptions:
IPaddressoftherouter, IPaddress of theboot server,bootfromnetwork,MACaddress, etc. If thelogin prompt does
notappear, seethe firstsection ofthe troubleshootingappendix forhelp. Next, login. The presetsuper-user userID
is“super”andthecorrespondingpresetpasswordis“surt”. Thepasswordshouldbechanged as soon as possible, as
describedinchapter10oftheinstallationmanualandattheendofeveryexampleinchapter4. Theloginpromptsand
mainmenuare shown inFigure 3.1.
All menus have the following elements:
• Title – In the example in Figure 3.1: “Main Menu”.
• Prompt – The text: “Select Option ==>”.
• Options –The menu options, which are selected by number.
• Router Name – The default is the name of the product. Each router can be renamed by the super user for
easier identification.
Menus can also be navigated using a short-cut method. This method must be activated first by choosing a
shortcut character (“+” in the example that follows) in the CONFIG =>SYSTEM =>ROUTER DESCRIPTION
menu. Typing 4+1+1 at the main-menu prompt, for example, is equivalent to choosing option 4 in the main
menu (Debug), then choosing option 1 in the debug menu (Trace), then choosing option 1 in the trace menu
(Driver Trace). In addition to menus, some screens have questions with letter choices. In the line below, several
elements may be identified:
lmi-type((A)NSI, (G)roup of four, (N)one )[A]:
• Parameter description – The name of the parameter to be configured, in this case “lmi-type”.
• Options – Legal choices.Theletter inparenthesesis the letterthatselects thecorrespondingoption.
• Current value – The option in square brackets is the current value.
Pressing <Enter> without typing a new value leaves the item unchanged.

Chapter 3 - Using CyROS Menus 17
Cyclades-PR1000
Special Keys
<Enter>
or
<Ctrl+M> These keys are used to end the input of a value.
<ESC>
or
<Ctrl+I> These keys are used to cancel a selection or return to the previous menu. In
some isolated cases, this key forwards you to the next menu in a series of
menus at the same level.
<Backspace>
or
<Ctrl+H
>
These keys have the expected effect of erasing previously typed characters.
LWhen available, this option displays the current configuration. For example, in
the Ethernet Interface Menu, “L” displays the Ethernet configurations.
On leaving a menu where a change in configuration was made, CyROS will ask whether or not the change is to
be saved:
(D)iscard, save to (F)lash, or save to (R)un configuration:
Selecting
Discard will undo all changes made since the last time the question was asked. Saving to Flash
memory makes all changes permanent. The changes are immediately effective and are saved to the
configuration vector in flash memory. In this case, the configuration is maintained even after a router reboot.
Saving only to the Run configuration makes all changes effective immediately, but nothing is saved permanently
until explicitly saved to flash (which can be done with the option ADMIN =>WRITE CONFIGURATION=>TO
FLASH).
The menus and parameter lists are represented in this manual by tables. The first column contains the menu
item or the parameter, and the second column contains its description.
This menu interface is also available via Telnet if one of the interfaces has been connected and configured. The
menu interface is the same as that described earlier in this section. Using Telnet instead of a console for the
initial Ethernet configuration is discussed in Appendix C of the Installation Manual.

Cyclades-PR1000
Chapter 3 - Using CyROS Menus 18
The CyROS Management Utility
Afteroneoftheinterfaceshasbeenconnectedandconfigured,thereisanotherway to interact with CyROS. Typethe
IP address in the location field in an HTML browser of a PC connected locally or remotely through the configured
interface. Asuper-userID andpassword willbe requested(thesearethe same IDandpasswordused with theline-
terminalinterface). A clickable imageofthe router backpanelwill apear,as showninFigure 3.2.
Configuration Menu Interface (Text Mode)
End HTTP session
Cyros Management Utility
Firmware version: Cyclades-PR1000: CyROS V_1.9.5
1
0
WAN
On/Off
Ethernet Console
FIGURE 3.2 CYROS MANAGEMENT UTILITY HOME PAGE

Chapter 3 - Using CyROS Menus 19
Cyclades-PR1000
The link Configuration Menu Interface will present an HTML version of the CyROS Main Menu, described
previously. Clicking on an interface will show its current status and some additional information. Clicking on End
HTTP Session will terminate the connection.

Cyclades-PR1000
20Chapter 4 - Step-by-Step Instructions
CHAPTER 4 STEP-BY-STEP INSTRUCTIONS FOR COMMON APPLICATIONS
This chapter provides detailed examples that can be used as models for similar applications. Turn to the example
that is closest to your application, read the explanations, and fill in the blank spaces with parameters appropriate
to your system. At the end of the section, you should have listed all the parameters needed to configure the
router. At that point, read chapter 3 if you have not already, and configure your router with help from later chapters
of the Installation Manual, when needed.
Example 1 Connection to an Internet Access Provider via Modem
This section will guide you through a complete router installation for the connection of a LAN to an Internet access
provider via PPP. The configuration of NAT (Network Address Translation) will also be shown. Figure 4.1 shows
the example system used in this section. Note that this example assumes that the IP address to which the
networkIP addresseswillbe translated isassigneddynamically bytheInternet ServiceProvider. Forconfiguration
of a known IP address, see the chapter on NAT configuration in the complete Installation Manual. Spaces have
been provided next to the parameters needed for the configuration where you can fill in the parameters for your
system. Do this now before continuing.
PC
Host
Host
RS-232 Modem
_______
192.168.0.10 _______
192.168.0.1_______
192.168.0.11
192.168.0.30
_______
PR1000
Network IP:
192.168.0.0
SWAN ETH0
Network Mask:
255.255.255.0
________
Speed: 38.4k
_______
FIGURE 4.1 CONNECTION TO ACCESS PROVIDER USING A SWAN INTERFACE AND A MODEM