Dragino RS485-LN User manual

RS485-LN – RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter User
Manual
last modified by Bei Jinggeng
on 2022/07/08 16:50

User Manual for LoRaWAN End Nodes - RS485-LN – RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter User Manual
Table of Contents
1.Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................................... 4
1.1What is RS485-LN RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter ................................................................................................. 4
1.2Specifications ................................................................................................................................................................. 5
1.3 Features .......................................................................................................................................................................... 6
1.4Applications .................................................................................................................................................................... 6
1.5Firmware Change log .................................................................................................................................................... 6
1.6 Hardware Change log ................................................................................................................................................... 6
2. Power ON Device .............................................................................................................................................................. 6
3.Operation Mode .................................................................................................................................................................. 7
3.1 How it works? ................................................................................................................................................................ 7
3.2 Example to join LoRaWAN network ........................................................................................................................... 7
3.3 Configure Commands to read data ........................................................................................................................... 16
3.3.1 onfigure UART settings for RS485 or TTL communication ............................................................................. 16
3.3.2 Configure sensors ................................................................................................................................................. 16
3.3.3 Configure read commands for each sampling ................................................................................................... 16
3.3.4 Compose the uplink payload ............................................................................................................................... 19
3.3.5 Uplink on demand ................................................................................................................................................. 22
3.3.6 Uplink on Interrupt ................................................................................................................................................. 22
3.4 Uplink Payload ............................................................................................................................................................. 22
3.5 Configure RS485-LN via AT or Downlink ................................................................................................................ 23
3.5.1 Common Commands ............................................................................................................................................ 23
3.5.2 Sensor related commands ................................................................................................................................... 23
3.5.3Sensor related commands .................................................................................................................................... 24
3.6Listening mode for RS485 network .......................................................................................................................... 28
3.7 Buttons .......................................................................................................................................................................... 30
3.8 LEDs ............................................................................................................................................................................. 30
4. Case Study ....................................................................................................................................................................... 30
5. Use AT Command ........................................................................................................................................................... 31
5.1 Access AT Command ................................................................................................................................................ 31
5.2 Common AT Command Sequence ........................................................................................................................... 32
5.2.1 Multi-channel ABP mode (Use with SX1301/LG308) ....................................................................................... 32
5.5.2 Single-channel ABP mode (Use with LG01/LG02) ........................................................................................... 32
6. FAQ .................................................................................................................................................................................... 33
6.1 How to upgrade the image? ...................................................................................................................................... 33
6.2 How to change the LoRa Frequency Bands/Region? ............................................................................................ 36
6.3 How many RS485-Slave can RS485-LN connects? .............................................................................................. 36
6.4 Compatible question to ChirpStack and TTI LoRaWAN server  ........................................................................ 36
6.5 Can i use point to point communication for RS485-LN? ........................................................................................ 36
6.6 How to Use RS485-LN to connect to RS232 devices? ........................................................................................ 36
7. Trouble Shooting .............................................................................................................................................................. 36
7.1 Downlink doesn't work, how to solve it? .................................................................................................................. 36
7.2 Why I can't join TTN V3 in US915 /AU915 bands? ............................................................................................... 36
8. Order Info .......................................................................................................................................................................... 36
9.Packing Info ....................................................................................................................................................................... 37
10. FCC Caution for RS485LN-US915 ............................................................................................................................. 37
11. Support ............................................................................................................................................................................ 38
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User Manual for LoRaWAN End Nodes - RS485-LN – RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter User Manual
Table of Contents:
•1.Introduction
•1.1What is RS485-LN RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter
•1.2Specifications
•1.3 Features
•1.4Applications
•1.5Firmware Change log
•1.6 Hardware Change log
•2. Power ON Device
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User Manual for LoRaWAN End Nodes - RS485-LN – RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter User Manual
•3.Operation Mode
•3.1 How it works?
•3.2 Example to join LoRaWAN network
•3.3 Configure Commands to read data
•3.3.1 onfigure UART settings for RS485 or TTL communication
•3.3.2 Configure sensors
•3.3.3 Configure read commands for each sampling
•3.3.4 Compose the uplink payload
•3.3.5 Uplink on demand
•3.3.6 Uplink on Interrupt
•3.4 Uplink Payload
•3.5 Configure RS485-LN via AT or Downlink
•3.5.1 Common Commands
•3.5.2 Sensor related commands
•3.5.3Sensor related commands
•RS485 Debug Command
•Set Payload version
•Set RS485 Sampling Commands
•Fast command to handle MODBUS device
•RS485 command timeout
•Uplink payload mode
•Manually trigger an Uplink
•Clear RS485 Command
•Set Serial Communication Parameters
•3.6Listening mode for RS485 network
•3.7 Buttons
•3.8 LEDs
•4. Case Study
•5. Use AT Command
•5.1 Access AT Command
•5.2 Common AT Command Sequence
•5.2.1 Multi-channel ABP mode (Use with SX1301/LG308)
•5.5.2 Single-channel ABP mode (Use with LG01/LG02)
•6. FAQ
•6.1 How to upgrade the image?
•6.2 How to change the LoRa Frequency Bands/Region?
•6.3 How many RS485-Slave can RS485-LN connects?
•6.4 Compatible question to ChirpStack and TTI LoRaWAN server 
•6.5 Can i use point to point communication for RS485-LN?
•6.6 How to Use RS485-LN to connect to RS232 devices?
•7. Trouble Shooting
•7.1 Downlink doesn't work, how to solve it?
•7.2 Why I can't join TTN V3 in US915 /AU915 bands?
•8. Order Info
•9.Packing Info
•10. FCC Caution for RS485LN-US915
•11. Support
1.Introduction
1.1What is RS485-LN RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter

The Dragino RS485-LN is a RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter. It converts the RS485 signal into LoRaWAN
wireless signal which simplify the IoT installation and reduce the installation/maintaining cost.
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User Manual for LoRaWAN End Nodes - RS485-LN – RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter User Manual
RS485-LN allows user to monitor / control RS485 devices and reach extremely long ranges. It provides ultra-
long range spread spectrum communication and high interference immunity whilst minimizing current consumption.
It targets professional wireless sensor network applications such as irrigation systems, smart metering, smart cities,
smartphone detection, building automation, and so on.
For data uplink, RS485-LN sends user-defined commands to RS485 devices and gets the return from the RS485
devices. RS485-LN will process these returns according to user-define rules to get the final payload and upload to
LoRaWAN server.
For data downlink, RS485-LN runs in LoRaWAN Class C. When there downlink commands from LoRaWAN
server, RS485-LN will forward the commands from LoRaWAN server to RS485 devices.
Demo Dashboard for RS485-LNconnect to two energy meters:https://app.datacake.de/dashboard/
d/58844a26-378d-4c5a-aaf5-b5b5b153447a

1.2Specifications
Hardware System:
• STM32L072CZT6 MCU
• SX1276/78 Wireless Chip
• Power Consumption (exclude RS485 device):
• Idle: 32mA@12v
• 20dB Transmit: 65mA@12v
Interface for Model:
• RS485
• Power Input 7~ 24V DC.
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User Manual for LoRaWAN End Nodes - RS485-LN – RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter User Manual
LoRa Spec:
• Frequency Range:
• Band 1 (HF): 862 ~ 1020 Mhz
• Band 2 (LF): 410 ~ 528 Mhz
• 168 dB maximum link budget.
• +20 dBm - 100 mW constant RF output vs.
• +14 dBm high efficiency PA.
• Programmable bit rate up to 300 kbps.
• High sensitivity: down to -148 dBm.
• Bullet-proof front end: IIP3 = -12.5 dBm.
• Excellent blocking immunity.
• Low RX current of 10.3 mA, 200 nA register retention.
• Fully integrated synthesizer with a resolution of 61 Hz.
• FSK, GFSK, MSK, GMSK, LoRaTM and OOK modulation.
• Built-in bit synchronizer for clock recovery.
• Preamble detection.
• 127 dB Dynamic Range RSSI.
• Automatic RF Sense and CAD with ultra-fast AFC.
• Packet engine up to 256 bytes with CRC
1.3 Features
• LoRaWAN Class A & Class C protocol (default Class C)
• Frequency Bands: CN470/EU433/KR920/US915/EU868/AS923/AU915/IN865/RU864
• AT Commands to change parameters
• Remote configure parameters via LoRa Downlink
• Firmware upgradable via program port
• Support multiply RS485 devices by flexible rules
• Support Modbus protocol
• Support Interrupt uplink (Since hardware version v1.2)
1.4Applications
• Smart Buildings & Home Automation
• Logistics and Supply Chain Management
• Smart Metering
• Smart Agriculture
• Smart Cities
• Smart Factory
1.5Firmware Change log
RS485-LN Image files – Download link and Change log
1.6 Hardware Change log
v1.2: Add External Interrupt Pin.
v1.0: Release

2. Power ON Device
The RS485-LN can be powered by 7 ~ 24V DC power source. Connection as below
• Power Source VIN to RS485-LN VIN+
• Power Source GND to RS485-LN VIN-
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User Manual for LoRaWAN End Nodes - RS485-LN – RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter User Manual
Once there is power, the RS485-LN will be on.

3.Operation Mode
3.1 How it works?
The RS485-LN is configured as LoRaWAN OTAA Class C mode by default. It has OTAA keys to join network. To
connect a local LoRaWAN network, user just need to input the OTAA keys in the network server and power on the
RS485-LN. It will auto join the network via OTAA.

3.2 Example to join LoRaWAN network
Here shows an example for how to join the TTN V3 Network. Below is the network structure, we use LG308 as
LoRaWAN gateway here.
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User Manual for LoRaWAN End Nodes - RS485-LN – RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter User Manual
The RS485-LN in this example connected to two RS485 devices for demonstration, user can connect to other
RS485 devices via the same method. The connection is as below:
485A+ and 485B- of the sensor are connected to RS485A and RA485B of RS485-LN respectively.
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User Manual for LoRaWAN End Nodes - RS485-LN – RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter User Manual
The LG308 is already set to connect to TTN V3 network. So what we need to now is only configure the TTN V3:
Step 1: Create a device in TTN V3 with the OTAA keys from RS485-LN.
Each RS485-LN is shipped with a sticker with unique device EUI:
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User Manual for LoRaWAN End Nodes - RS485-LN – RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter User Manual
User can enter this key in their LoRaWAN Server portal. Below is TTN V3 screen shot:
Add APP EUI in the application.
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User Manual for LoRaWAN End Nodes - RS485-LN – RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter User Manual
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User Manual for LoRaWAN End Nodes - RS485-LN – RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter User Manual
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User Manual for LoRaWAN End Nodes - RS485-LN – RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter User Manual
You can also choose to create the device manually.
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User Manual for LoRaWAN End Nodes - RS485-LN – RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter User Manual
Add APP KEY and DEV EUI
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User Manual for LoRaWAN End Nodes - RS485-LN – RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter User Manual
Step 2: Power on RS485-LN and it will auto join to the TTN V3 network. After join success, it will start to upload
message to TTN V3 and user can see in the panel.
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User Manual for LoRaWAN End Nodes - RS485-LN – RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter User Manual
3.3 Configure Commands to read data
There are plenty of RS485 devices in the market and each device has different command to read the valid data.
To support these devices in flexible, RS485-LN supports flexible command set. User can use AT Commands or
LoRaWAN Downlink Command to configure what commands RS485-LN should send for each sampling and how to
handle the return from RS485 devices.
Note: below description and commands are for firmware version >v1.1, if you have firmware version v1.0. Please
check the user manual v1.0 or upgrade the firmware to v1.1

3.3.1 onfigure UART settings for RS485 or TTL communication
To use RS485-LN to read data from RS485 sensors, connect the RS485-LN A/B traces to the sensors. And user
need to make sure RS485-LN use the match UART setting to access the sensors. The related commands for UART
settings are:
AT Commands Description Example
AT+BAUDR Set the baud rate (for RS485 connection). Default
Value is: 9600.
AT+BAUDR=9600
Options: (1200,2400,4800,14400,19200,115200)
AT+PARITY Set UART parity (for RS485 connection) AT+PARITY=0
Option: 0: no parity, 1: odd parity, 2: even parity
AT+STOPBIT Set serial stopbit (for RS485 connection)

AT+STOPBIT=0 for 1bit
AT+STOPBIT=1 for 1.5 bit
AT+STOPBIT=2 for 2 bits
3.3.2 Configure sensors
Some sensors might need to configure before normal operation. User can configure such sensor via PC and
RS485 adapter or through RS485-LN AT Commands AT+CFGDEV. Each AT+CFGDEVequals to send a RS485
command to sensors. This command will only run when user input it and won’t run during each sampling.
AT Commands Description Example
AT+CFGDEV This command is used to configure the RS485/
TTL devices; they won’t be used during sampling.
AT+CFGDEV=xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx,
mm: 0: no CRC, 1: add CRC-16/MODBUS in the
end of this command
AT+CFGDEV=xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx,m
3.3.3 Configure read commands for each sampling
During each sampling, we need confirm what commands we need to send to the RS485 sensors to read data. After
the RS485 sensors send back the value, it normally include some bytes and we only need a few from them for a
shorten payload.
To save the LoRaWAN network bandwidth, we might need to read data from different sensors and combine their
valid value into a short payload.
This section describes how to achieve above goals.
During each sampling, the RS485-LN can support 15 commands to read sensors. And combine the return to one
or several uplink payloads.
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User Manual for LoRaWAN End Nodes - RS485-LN – RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter User Manual
Each RS485 commands include two parts:
1. What commands RS485-LN will send to the RS485 sensors. There are total 15 commands from AT
+COMMAD1, ATCOMMAND2,…, to AT+COMMANDF. All commands are of same grammar.
2. How to get wanted value the from RS485 sensors returns from by 1). There are total 15 AT Commands to
handle the return, commands are AT+DATACUT1,AT+DATACUT2,…, AT+DATACUTF corresponding to the
commands from 1). All commands are of same grammar.
3. Some RS485 device might has longer delay on reply, so user can use AT+CMDDL to set the timeout for getting
reply after the RS485 command is sent. For exampleAT+CMDDL1=1000 to send the open time to 1000ms
After we got the valid value from each RS485 commands, we need to combine them together with the command
AT+DATAUP.
Below are examples for the how above AT Commands works.
AT+COMMANDx:This command will be sent to RS485 devices during each sampling, Max command length is
14 bytes. The grammar is:
AT+COMMANDx=xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx,m
xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx: The RS485 command to be sent
m: 0: no CRC, 1: add CRC-16/MODBUS in the end of this command
For example, if we have a RS485 sensor. The command to get sensor value is: 01 03 0B B8 00 02 46 0A. Where
01 03 0B B8 00 02 is the Modbus command to read the register 0B B8 where stored the sensor value. The 46 0A is
the CRC-16/MODBUS which calculate manually.
In the RS485-LN, we should use this command AT+COMMAND1=01 03 0B B8 00 02,1 for the same.
AT+DATACUTx:This command defines how to handle the return from AT+COMMANDx, max return length is
45 bytes.
AT+DATACUTx=a,b,c
•a: length for the return of AT+COMMAND
•b:1: grab valid value by byte, max 6 bytes. 2: grab valid value by bytes section, max 3 sections.
•c: define the position for valid value.
Examples:
•Grab bytes
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User Manual for LoRaWAN End Nodes - RS485-LN – RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter User Manual
•Grab a section
•Grab different sections
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User Manual for LoRaWAN End Nodes - RS485-LN – RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter User Manual

3.3.4 Compose the uplink payload
Through AT+COMMANDx and AT+DATACUTx we got valid value from each RS485 commands, Assume these
valid value are RETURN1, RETURN2, .., to RETURNx. The next step is how to compose the LoRa Uplink Payload
by these RETURNs. The command is AT+DATAUP.

Examples: AT+DATAUP=0

Compose the uplink payload with value returns in sequence and send with A SIGNLE UPLINK.
Final Payload is
Battery Info+PAYVER + VALID Value from RETURN1 + Valid Value from RETURN2 + … + RETURNx
Where PAYVER is defined by AT+PAYVER, below is an example screen shot.
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User Manual for LoRaWAN End Nodes - RS485-LN – RS485 to LoRaWAN Converter User Manual
Examples: AT+DATAUP=1
Compose the uplink payload with value returns in sequence and send with Multiply UPLINKs.
Final Payload is
Battery Info+PAYVER + PAYLOAD COUNT + PAYLOAD# + DATA
1. PAYVER: Defined by AT+PAYVER
2. PAYLOAD COUNT: Total how many uplinks of this sampling.
3. PAYLOAD#: Number of this uplink. (from 0,1,2,3…,to PAYLOAD COUNT)
4. DATA: Valid value: max 8 bytes for each uplink so each uplink <= 11 bytes. For the last uplink, DATA will
might less than 8 bytes
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