Emerson Liebert NXC 60kVA User manual

Liebert®NX8™
UserManual–+%`K6 UPS

Liebert NXC 60kVA UPS
User Manual
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Special Declaration
Personnel Safety
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The Manual Describes The Following Equipment
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Contents
Chapter 1 Overview........................................................................................................................................1
1.1 Features......................................................................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Design Concept.............................................................................................................................................. 1
'$($'Ioij[c:[i_]d$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$'
'$($(8ofWii$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$(
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'$($+8Wjj[ho9_hYk_j8h[Wa[h898$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$*
1.3 Parallel System............................................................................................................................................... 4
'$)$'FWhWbb[bIoij[c<[Wjkh[i$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$*
'$)$(FWhWbb[bIoij[cH[gk_h[c[dji$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$+
1.4 Operation Modes ........................................................................................................................................... 5
1.5 Battery Management ..................................................................................................................................... 8
'$+$'DehcWb<kdYj_ed$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$.
'$+$(7ZlWdY[Z<kdYj_ed$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$/
'$+$)8Wjj[hoJ[cf[hWjkh[9ecf[diWj_ed$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$/
1.6 Battery Protection.........................................................................................................................................10
Chapter 2 Mechanical Installation..................................................................................................................11
2.1 Precautions...................................................................................................................................................11
2.2 Transportation..............................................................................................................................................11
2.3 Tools ............................................................................................................................................................12
2.4 Unpacking ....................................................................................................................................................12
2.5 Initial Inspection............................................................................................................................................14
2.6 Environmental Requirement..........................................................................................................................14
($,$'KFIBeYWj_edI[b[Yj_ed$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$'*
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2.7 Mechanical Requirement...............................................................................................................................15
($-$'Cel_d]9WX_d[j$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$'+
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($-$)9WXb[7YY[iiCeZ[$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$',
($-$*<_dWbFei_j_ed_d]7dZ<_n_d]$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$',
2.8 Installation Drawings ....................................................................................................................................16
Chapter 3 Electrical Installation .....................................................................................................................18
3.1 Wiring Of Power Cable ..................................................................................................................................18
)$'$'Ioij[c9ed\_]khWj_ed$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$'.

)$'$(CWn_ckcIj[WZoIjWj[797dZ:99khh[dji$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$'.
)$'$)H[Yecc[dZ[Z9I7E\KFI9WXb[$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$'/
)$'$*I[b[Yj_edE\KFI?%EIm_jY^$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$'/
)$'$+:_ijWdY[8[jm[[dJ^[KFI9edd[Yj_edFe_dj7dZJ^[<beeh$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$'/
)$'$,Dej[i$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$'/
)$'$-Fem[h9WXb[9edd[Yj_d]J[hc_dWb$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$(&
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)$'$/;nj[hdWbFhej[Yj_l[:[l_Y[$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$(&
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3.2 Wiring Of Signal Cable...................................................................................................................................27
)$($'El[hl_[m$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$(-
)$($(?dfkj:ho9edjWYjFehj$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$(-
)$($)898Fehj$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$(.
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)$($+H[cej[;FE?dfkjFehj$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$(/
)$($,HI()(9ecckd_YWj_edFehj$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$)&
)$($-KI89ecckd_YWj_edFehj$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$)&
)$($.FWhWbb[b7dZB8I9ecckd_YWj_edFehji$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$)&
)$($/HI*.+9ecckd_YWj_edFehj$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$)&
)$($'&?dj[bb_ibejFehj$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$)&
)$($''I_]dWb9WXb[9edd[Yj_edIj[fi$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$)'
Chapter 4 Operator Control And Display Panel ................................................................................................33
4.1 Introduction..................................................................................................................................................33
*$'$'B;:?dZ_YWjehi$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$))
*$'$(7kZ_Xb[7bWhc8kpp[h$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$)*
*$'$)9edjhebA[oi$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$)*
*$'$*B9:7dZC[dkA[oi$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$)*
4.2 LCD Screen Type............................................................................................................................................35
*$($'IjWhjIYh[[d$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$)+
*$($(Fh_cWhoIYh[[d$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$)+
*$($):[\WkbjIYh[[d$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$),
4.3 Detailed Description Of Menu Items...............................................................................................................36
4.4 Prompt Window............................................................................................................................................39
4.5 Alarm List......................................................................................................................................................39
Chapter 5 UPS Operation Introduction............................................................................................................43
5.1 Brief Introduction..........................................................................................................................................43
+$'$'Fh[YWkj_edi$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$*)
+$'$(Fem[hIm_jY^$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$*)
5.2 UPS Startup Procedures.................................................................................................................................44

+$($'IjWhjkfFheY[Zkh[i?dDehcWbCeZ[$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$**
+$($(IjWhjkfFheY[Zkh[i?d;9ECeZ[$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$*+
+$($)IjWhjkfFheY[Zkh[i?d8Wjj[hoCeZ[8Wjj[ho9ebZIjWhj$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$*+
5.3 Procedures For Transfer Between Operation Modes........................................................................................46
+$)$'JhWdi\[h<hecDehcWbCeZ[Je8Wjj[hoCeZ[$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$*,
+$)$(JhWdi\[h<hecDehcWbCeZ[Je8ofWiiCeZ[$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$*,
+$)$)JhWdi\[h<hec8ofWiiCeZ[JeDehcWbCeZ[$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$*,
+$)$*JhWdi\[h<hecDehcWbCeZ[JeCW_dj[dWdY[CeZ[$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$*,
+$)$+JhWdi\[h<hecCW_dj[dWdY[CeZ[JeDehcWbCeZ[$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$*-
5.4 Battery Test Procedures.................................................................................................................................48
5.5 UPS Self-test Procedures................................................................................................................................49
5.6 UPS Shutdown Procedures.............................................................................................................................49
+$,$'FheY[Zkh[i<eh9ecfb[j[boFem[h_d]:emdKFI$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$*/
+$,$(FheY[Zkh[i<eh9ecfb[j[boFem[h_d]:emdKFIM^_b[CW_djW_d_d]Fem[hJeBeWZ$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$+&
5.7 EPO Procedures.............................................................................................................................................50
5.8 UPS Reset Procedures After EPO.....................................................................................................................50
5.9 Automatic Restart.........................................................................................................................................51
5.10 Selecting Language .....................................................................................................................................51
5.11 Changing Current Date And Time.................................................................................................................51
5.12 Control Password ........................................................................................................................................52
Chapter 6 Battery .........................................................................................................................................53
6.1 Introduction..................................................................................................................................................53
6.2 Safety ...........................................................................................................................................................53
6.3 UPS Battery...................................................................................................................................................55
6.4 Precautions For Installation Design ................................................................................................................56
6.5 Battery Installation Environment And Number Of Batteries.............................................................................56
,$+$'?dijWbbWj_ed;dl_hedc[dj$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$+,
,$+$(DkcX[hE\8Wjj[h_[i$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$+-
6.6 Battery Protection.........................................................................................................................................57
6.7 Battery Installation And Connection...............................................................................................................58
,$-$'8Wjj[ho?dijWbbWj_ed$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$+.
,$-$(8Wjj[ho9edd[Yj_ed$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$+.
6.8 Design Of Battery Room ................................................................................................................................59
6.9 BCB Box (Optional)........................................................................................................................................60
6.10 BCB Reference Current And Connection........................................................................................................63
6.11 Battery Maintenance ...................................................................................................................................63
6.12 Disposal Of Used Battery..............................................................................................................................64
Chapter 7 Parallel System And LBS System......................................................................................................65
7.1 General.........................................................................................................................................................65

7.2 System Installation Procedures......................................................................................................................65
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7.3 Operation Procedures For Parallel System ......................................................................................................68
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7.4 LBS System....................................................................................................................................................71
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Chapter 8 Options.........................................................................................................................................74
8.1 Option List ....................................................................................................................................................74
8.2 Option Introduction ......................................................................................................................................74
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Chapter 9 Communication.............................................................................................................................91
9.1 SNMP Protocol Communication .....................................................................................................................91
9.2 Modbus Protocol Communication..................................................................................................................91
9.3 Dry Contact Communication..........................................................................................................................91
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Chapter 10 Service And Maintenance .............................................................................................................93
10.1 Safety .........................................................................................................................................................93
10.2 Key Components And Service Life Of UPS......................................................................................................93
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10.3 Maintenance Of UPS And Options.................................................................................................................94
Chapter 11 Specifications..............................................................................................................................96
11.1 Conformance And Standards .......................................................................................................................96
11.2 Environmental Characteristics .....................................................................................................................96
11.3 Mechanical Characteristics ..........................................................................................................................96
11.4 Electrical Characteristics (Input Rectifier) .....................................................................................................97
11.5 Electrical Characteristics (Intermediate DC Circuit) .......................................................................................97
11.6 Electrical Characteristics (Inverter Output) ...................................................................................................98
11.7 Electrical Characteristics (Bypass Input)........................................................................................................98
11.8 Efficiency And Loss ......................................................................................................................................99
Appendix 1 Disposal Of Old Appliances......................................................................................................... 100
Appendix 2 Glossary ...................................................................................................................................101
Appendix 3 Hazardous Substances Or Elements Announcement .....................................................................102

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1.4 Operation Modes
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Figure 1-3 Schematic diagram of normal mode
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