Epever SolarV TRIRON Series User manual

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Important Safety Instructions
Please save this manual for future review.
This manual contains safety, installation, and operation instructions for the Maximum Power Point
Tracking (MPPT) TRIRON series controller ("the controller" as referred to in this manual).
General Safety Information
Read all the instructions and warnings carefully in the manual before installation.
No user-serviceable components exist inside the controller. DO NOT disassemble or attempt
to repair the controller.
Mount the controller indoors. Prevent exposure to the elements and do not allow water to
enter the controller.
Install the controller in a well-ventilated -place. The controller’s heat sink may become very hot
during operation.
It is suggested to install appropriate external fast-acting fuses/breakers.
Disconnect all PV array connections and the battery’s fast-acting fuses/breakers before
controller installation and adjustment.
Power connections must remain tight to avoid excessive heating from a loose connection.
WARNING
Do not install the controller in humid, salt spray, corrosion, greasy, flammable,
explosive, dust accumulative, or other severe environments.

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
CONTENTS
1 General Information 1
1.1 Overview 1
1.2 Characteristics 2
1.3 Module Types 3
1.4 Naming rules 6
2 Installation 7
2.1 Attentions 7
2.2 PV Array Requirements 7
2.3 Wire Size 9
2.4 Mounting 10
3 Modules installation 14
4 Module Introduction 16
4.1 Display Module 16
4.1.1 Display Basic1 (DB1) 16
4.1.2 Display Standard1 (DS1) 17
4.1.3 Display Standard 2 (DS2) 21
4.2 Interface Modules 27
4.2.1 Interface type 27
4.2.2 Double USB (USB1) 27
4.2.3 USB COM Slave (UCS) 27
4.2.4 Relay COM Master (RCM connects EPEVER inverter only) 28
4.2.5 Relay COM Slave (RCS connects the accessories) 29

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
5 Parameters Setting 30
5.1 Battery parameters 30
5.1.1 Supported battery types 30
5.1.2 Local setting 30
5.1.3 Remote Setting 34
5.2 Load working modes 37
5.2.1 LCD setting 37
5.2.2 RS485 communication setting 39
6 Others 40
6.1 Protection 40
6.2 Troubleshooting 41
6.3 Maintenance 44
7 Technical Specifications 45
Annex I Conversion Efficiency Curves 47

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1
1 General Information
1.1 Overview
The TRIRON series controllers are modular-designed products based on six MPPT solar controller
models. The main unit (Power Module) (TRIRON****N) is a solar controller that can be integrated
with different display and interface modules to meet various functional requirements. The TRIRON
series controllers can automatically identify and load the drivers of various modules. There are
three display modules (Basic 1 (DB1), Standard1 (DS1), and Stardard2 (DS2)) and four interface
modules (USB COM Slave (UCS), Relay COM Slave (RCS), Relay COM Master (RCM), and Dual
USB1 (USB1)). Users can choose any combination of these modules according to their needs.
The controllers can track the PV maximum power point, minimize the maximum power point loss
rate and time, and obtain the maximum energy under any conditions. They can increase the solar
system's energy utilization ratio by 20%-30% compared with a PWM charging method. With the
three-stage charging mode, the TRIRON series controllers can prolong the battery's lifecycle,
improve performance, and support electronic protection functions. The overcharging and
over-discharging protections minimize damages to components caused by incorrect installation or
system failure at the utmost. Ensure safer and more reliable solar power supply system operation
for a longer service. This modular solar controller can be widely used for different applications, e.g.,
communication base stations, household systems, street lighting systems, field monitoring, etc.
Features

 Identify and load the drivers of various modules automatically
 Modular design for easy combination and replacement
 Advanced MPPT control algorithm to minimize the MPP loss rate and loss time
 Advanced MPPT technology, with an efficiency of no less than 99.5%.
 Maximum DC/DC conversion efficiency of 98%
 Ultra-fast tracking speed and guaranteed tracking efficiency.
 Automatic limitation of the charging power and current
 Wide MPP operating voltage range.
 Multiple load work modes
 Support the lead-acid and lithium batteries; voltage parameters can be set on the controller
 Programmable temperature compensation
 Real-time energy statistics function.
 Overheating power reduction function
 LCD and indicators to display operating data and the system status

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2
User-friendly buttons for comfortable and convenient operation
Master and slave RS485 communication modules design, reading the load or inverter
operating data
Control the inverter switch through the relay interface
Provide 5VDC power through the dual USB output interface to charge electronic devices
For the BCV, FCV, LVD, and LVR, users can modify them on the local controller when the
battery type is "USE."
1.2 Characteristics

Mounting Hole 

PV Terminals

Display Module

Battery Terminals

Interface Module
Load Terminals

RTS

Interface
If the temperature sensor is short-circuited or damaged, the controller will charge
or discharge at the default temperature setting of 25 ºC.
Figure 1 Product Characteristics









3
1.3 Module Types
1-Power Modules
The Power Modules control PV battery charging & load discharging without any display or interface modules installed –they can
operate independently. Suppose a display or interface module is installed. In that case, it will be powered by the Power module, and
the appropriate module driver will be loaded.
NOTE: The power module can be operated independently without any other modules.
Model System
voltage
Max. PV open
circuit voltage
Rated charge/discharge
current
Picture
TRIRON1206N
12/24VDC
60V
10A
TRIRON2206N
12/24VDC
60V
20A
TRIRON1210N
12/24VDC
100V
10A
TRIRON2210N
12/24VDC
100V
20A
TRIRON3210N
12/24VDC
100V
30A
TRIRON4210N
12/24VDC
100V
40A
TRIRON3215N
12/24VDC
150V
30A
TRIRON4215N
12/24VDC
150V
40A
2-Display Modules
Module
Description
Picture
Display
Basic1 DB1
LED Indicators: PV & battery working status
Button: When the working mode is Manual Control, the load is ON/OFF via the
button.
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3
1.3 Module Types
1-Power Modules
The Power Modules control PV battery charging & load discharging without any display or interface modules installed –they can
operate independently. Suppose a display or interface module is installed. In that case, it will be powered by the Power module, and
the appropriate module driver will be loaded.
NOTE: The power module can be operated independently without any other modules.
Model System
voltage
Max. PV open
circuit voltage
Rated charge/discharge
current Picture
TRIRON1206N 12/24VDC 60V 10A
TRIRON2206N 12/24VDC 60V 20A
TRIRON1210N 12/24VDC 100V 10A
TRIRON2210N 12/24VDC 100V 20A
TRIRON3210N 12/24VDC 100V 30A
TRIRON4210N 12/24VDC 100V 40A
TRIRON3215N 12/24VDC 150V 30A
TRIRON4215N 12/24VDC 150V 40A
2-Display Modules
Module Description Picture
Display
Basic1 DB1
LED Indicators: PV & battery working status
Button: When the working mode is Manual Control, the load is ON/OFF via the
button.
4
Display
Standard 1 DS1
LED Indicators: PV & load working status
Buttons: View or set the parameters
LCD

PV display:voltage/current /generated energy
Battery display: voltage/current/temperature
Load:
Display current/load working mode when the controller communicates with the PC
or APP.
Display voltage/current/ power consumption
when the controller communicates with
the inverter.
Display
Standard 2 DS2
Indicators: PV & battery & load working status
Buttons: View or set the parameters
LCD: PV display voltage/current /generated energy/Power
Battery display voltage/ current/temperature/capacity
Load:
Display voltage/ current/ power/ load working mode when the controller
communicates with the PC or APP.
Display voltage/current/power consumption when the controller communicates with
the inverter.
No Display
Cover DCV No indicator or display
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5
Interface Modules
Module
Function
Picture
USB COM
Slave UCS
RS485 interface

Connect to PC or phone.
View or change the controller parameters.
USB interface

Supplies 5VDC for electronic equipment.
NOTE: The USB interface is output when the load is ON.
Relay COM
Master RCM
RS485 interface

Connect to the inverter.
View the inverter parameters via the LCD.
Relay interface

Remotely control the inverter ON/OFF.
NOTE: The module can’t connect the accessories.
Accessory: 3.81-2P terminal
Relay COM
Slave RCS
RS485 interface

Connect to PC or phone.
View or change the controller parameters.
Relay interface

Remotely control the inverter ON/OFF.
NOTE: The module can connect the accessories.
Accessory: 3.81-2P terminal
Double USB USB1
USB interface

Supplies 5VDC for electronic equipment.
NOTE: The USB interface is output when the load is ON.
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5
Interface Modules
Module Function Picture
USB COM
Slave UCS
RS485 interface
Connect to PC or phone.
View or change the controller parameters.
USB interface
Supplies 5VDC for electronic equipment.
NOTE: The USB interface is output when the load is ON.
Relay COM
Master RCM
RS485 interface
Connect to the inverter.
View the inverter parameters via the LCD.
Relay interface
Remotely control the inverter ON/OFF.
NOTE: The module can’t connect the accessories.
Accessory: 3.81-2P terminal
Relay COM
Slave RCS
RS485 interface
Connect to PC or phone.
View or change the controller parameters.
Relay interface
Remotely control the inverter ON/OFF.
NOTE: The module can connect the accessories.
Accessory: 3.81-2P terminal
Double USB USB1
USB interface
Supplies 5VDC for electronic equipment.
NOTE: The USB interface is output when the load is ON.
6
No COM
Cover CCV No interface
CAUTION
The controller must be powered off for 1 minute when the user replaces the display modules or interface modules.
1.4 Naming rules
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7
2 Installation
2.1 Attentions
 Please read the instructions to familiarize yourself with the installation steps before installation.
 Be very careful when installing the batteries, especially flooded lead-acid batteries. Please wear
eye protection, and have fresh water available to wash and clean any contact with battery acid.
 Keep the battery away from any metal objects, which may cause a short circuit of the battery.
 Explosive battery gases may come out from the battery during charging, so make sure the
ventilation condition is good.
 Ventilation is highly recommended if mounted in an enclosure. Never install the controller in a
sealed enclosure with flooded batteries! Battery fumes from vented batteries will corrode and
destroy the controller circuits.
 Loose power connections and corroded wires may produce high heat that can melt wire
insulation, burn surrounding materials, or even cause a fire. Ensure tight connections, use cable
clamps to secure cables, and prevent them from swaying in mobile applications.
 Lead-acid and lithium batteries are recommended, other kinds, please refer to the battery
manufacturer.
 The battery connection may be wired to one battery or a bank of batteries. The following
instructions refer to a singular battery. However, it is implied that the battery connection can be
made to either one battery or a group of batteries in a battery bank.
 Multiple models of controllers can be installed in parallel on the same battery bank to achieve a
higher charging current. Each controller must have its solar module(s).
 Select the system cables according to 5A/mm2 or less current density following Article 690 of the
National Electrical Code, NFPA 70.
2.2 PV Array Requirements
Serial connection (string) of PV modules
As the core component of the PV system, the controller could be suitable for various types of PV
modules and maximize converting solar energy into electrical energy. The series number of
different PV modules can be calculated according to the open-circuit voltage (Voc) and the
maximum power point voltage (VMpp) of the MPPT controller. The below table is for reference only.

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8
TRIRON1206N/2206N:
System
voltage
36 cell
Voc

23V
48 cell Voc

31V
54 cell
Voc

34V
60 cell
Voc

38V
Max.
Best
Max.
Best
Max.
Best
Max.
Best
12V
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
24V
2
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
System
voltage
72 cell Voc

46V
96 cell Voc

62V
Thin-Film Module
Voc

80V
Max.
Best
Max.
Best
12V
1
1
-
-
-
24V
1
1
-
-
-
NOTE: The above parameter values are calculated under standard test conditions (STC (Standard
Test Condition): Irradiance 1000W/m2, Module Temperature 25, Air Mass1.5.)
TRIRON1210N/2210N/3210N/4210N:
System
voltage
36 cell
Voc

23V
48 cell
Voc

31V
54 cell
Voc

34V
60 cell
Voc

38V
Max.
Best
Max.
Best
Max.
Best
Max.
Best
12V
4
2
2
1
2
1
2
1
24V
4
3
2
2
2
2
2
2
System
voltage
72 cell Voc

46V
96 cell Voc

62V
Thin-Film Module
Voc

80V
Max.
Best
Max.
Best
12V
2
1
1
1
1
24V
2
1
1
1
1
NOTE: The above parameter values are calculated under standard test conditions (STC (Standard
Test Condition): Irradiance 1000W/m2, Module Temperature 25, Air Mass1.5.)
TRIRON3215/4215N:
System
voltage
36cell
Voc

23V
48cell
Voc

31V
54cell
Voc

34V
60cell
Voc

38V
Max.
Best
Max.
Best
Max.
Best
Max.
Best
12V
4
2
2
1
2
1
2
1
24V
6
3
4
2
4
2
3
2

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9
System
voltage
72cell Voc

46V
96cell Voc

62V
Thin-Film Module
Voc

80V
Max.
Best
Max.
Best
12V
2
1
1
1
1
24V
3
2
2
1
1
NOTE: The above parameter values are calculated under standard test conditions (STC (Standard
Test Condition): Irradiance 1000W/m2, Module Temperature 25, Air Mass1.5.)
2.3 Wire Size
The wiring and installation methods must conform to national and local electrical code
requirements.
PV Wire Size
The PV array output varies with the PV module size, connection method, or sunlight angle. The PV
array Isc

can calculate the minimum wire size. Please refer to the value of Isc in the PV module
specification. When PV modules are connected in series, the Isc equals the PV module Isc. When
PV modules are connected in parallel, the Isc equals the sum of the PV module’s Isc. The Isc of the
PV array must not exceed the controller’s maximum PV input current. Please refer to the table
below:
NOTE: All PV modules in a given array are assumed to be identical.


Isc=short circuit current(amps) Voc=open circuit voltage.
Model Max. PV input current Max. PV wire size

TRIRON1206N
TRIRON1210N
10A 4mm2/12AWG
TRIRON2206N
TRIRON2210N
20A 6mm2/10AWG
TRIRON3210N
TRIRON3215N
30A 10mm2/8AWG
TRIRON4210N
TRIRON4215N
40A 16mm2/6AWG


These are the maximum wire sizes that will fit the controller terminals.
CAUTION
When the PV modules are connected in series, the open-circuit voltage of the
PV array must not exceed 46V (TRIRON**06N), 92V (TRIRON**10N), or 92V
(TRIRON**15N) at 25environment temperature.

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10
Battery and Load Wire Size
The battery and load wire size must conform to the rated current. The reference size is as below:
Model Rated charge
current
Rated
discharge
current
Battery wire size Load wire size
TRIRON1206N
TRIRON1210N
10A 10A 4mm2/12AWG 4mm2/12AWG
TRIRON2206N
TRIRON2210N
20A 20A 6mm2/10AWG 6mm2/10AWG
TRIRON3210N
TRIRON3215N
30A 30A 10mm2/8AWG 10mm2/8AWG
TRIRON4210N
TRIRON4215N
40A 40A 16mm2/6AWG 16mm2/6AWG
CAUTION
The wire size is only for reference. Suppose there is a long distance between the
PV array, the controller, and the battery. In that case, larger wires can be used to
reduce the voltage drop and improve performance.
2.4 Mounting
WARNING
Risk of explosion! Never install the controller in a sealed enclosure with
flooded batteries! Do not install in a confined area where battery gas can
accumulate.
Risk of electric shock! The PV array can produce open-circuit voltages over
100V in sunlight when wiring the solar modules.
CAUTION
The controller requires at least 150mm of clearance above and below for
proper airflow. Ventilation is highly recommended if mounted in an enclosure.

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11
Installation Procedure:
Figure2-1 Mounting
Step 1: Determination of the installation location and heat-dissipation Space
Figure 2-2 Schematic of wiring diagram
The controller shall be installed in a place with sufficient airflow through the controller radiators and
a minimum clearance of 150 mm from the upper and lower edges of the controller to ensure natural
thermal convection. Please see Figure 2-1: Mounting.
Suppose the controller is to be installed in an enclosed box. In that case,

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12
CAUTION
ensuring reliable heat dissipation through the box is important.
Step 2

Connect the system in the order of 󰪻battery 󰪼load 󰪽PV array by Figure
2-2,”Schematic Wiring Diagram” and disconnect the system in the reverse order󰪽󰪼󰪻.
CAUTION
While wiring the controller, disconnect the circuit breaker or fast-acting fuse
and ensure the electrode polarity is correctly connected.
A fast-acting fuse whose current is 1.25 to 2 times the rated current of the
controller must be installed on the battery side with a distance from the
battery not greater than 150 mm.
Suppose an inverter is to be connected to the system. In that case, you must
connect the inverter directly to the battery, not to the load side of the
controller.
Step 3

Grounding
As the TRIRON series is a common negative controller, the negative poles of the PV array, battery
and load can be grounded together.
CAUTION
The controller can also be used in a common positive system. In this case, the
negative poles of the controller, PV, and load can’t be grounded together, but
only one of them can be grounded.
Step 4

Connect accessories
Connect the remote temperature sensor cable (model: RTS300R47K3.81A)
Connect one end of the remote temperature sensor cable
to the interface and place the other end close to the battery.
CAUTION
Suppose the remote temperature sensor is not connected to the controller. In
that case, the default battery charging or discharging temperature setting is 25°C
without temperature compensation.
Connect the accessories for RS485 communication
Refer to 3.2 “Setting and Operation of Controller.”
CAUTION
The RS485 port is designed without isolation, and it is recommended to connect
an RS485 communication isolator at the interface for communication.

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13
Step 5

Powered on the controller
Connect the battery's fast-acting fuse to power the controller. Then check the battery indicator's
status (the controller operates normally when the indicator is lit in green). Connect the fast-acting
fuse and circuit breaker of the load and PV array. Then the system will work in preprogrammed
mode.
CAUTION
If the controller is not operating properly or the battery indicator on the controller
shows an abnormality, please refer to 4.2 “Troubleshooting.”

14
3 Modules installation
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15
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15
16
4 Module Introduction
4.1 Display Module
4.1.1 Display Basic1 (DB1)


1

Charging and battery LED indicator
Indicator
Color
Status
Information
Green On Solid PV charges the battery with
a low current
Green OFF
1. No sunlight
2. Connection Error
3. Low PV voltage
Green
Slowly flashing(1Hz)
Normal charging
Green
Fast flashing(4Hz)
PV Over voltage
Green
On Solid
Normal
Green
Slowly flashing(1Hz)
Full
Green
Fast flashing(4Hz)
Overvoltage
Orange
On Solid
Under voltage
Red
On Solid
Over discharged
Red Slowly flashing(1Hz) Battery Overheating
Low temperature

All LED indicators fast flashing at the same time
System voltage error

Controller Overheating


When a lead-acid battery is used, the controller doesn’t have low-temperature protection.


When a lithium-ion battery is used, the system voltage can’t be identified automatically.


2

Battery Capacity Level Indicator