FRO­NIUS Tauro 50-3 User manual

Operating
Instructions
Fronius Tauro 50-3
Fronius Tauro ECO 50-3
Fronius Tauro ECO 99-3
Fronius Tauro ECO 100-3
42,0426,0307,EN 032-19012024
EN Operating Instructions

Contents
Safety rules 6
Explanation of safety notices 6
General 6
Environmental conditions 7
Qualified personnel 7
Safety measures at the installation location 7
Noise emission values 7
EMC measures 7
Data protection 8
Copyright 8
Protective earthing (PE) 8
Maintenance 8
General information 9
Description of the device 11
Description of the device 11
AC Daisy Chain 11
String fuses 11
Fronius Solar.web 12
Local communication 13
Protection of people and equipment 14
Safety 14
Warning notices and rating plate on the device 14
WSD (wired shutdown) 15
Central grid and system protection 15
RCMU 15
Surge protective device 15
Surge protective device (SPD) 16
AFCI – Arc Fault Circuit Interrupter (ArcGuard) 16
Safe state 17
Proper use 18
Intended use 18
Regulations governing the photovoltaic system 18
Functional principle 19
Functional principle 19
Cooling of the inverter through forced-air ventilation 19
Power derating 19
Control elements and connections 20
Controls and displays 20
PV connections - Tauro 50-3-D (direct) 20
PV connections - Tauro Eco 50-3-D (direct) 21
PV connections - Tauro 50-3-D (30A fuses) 21
PV connections - Tauro Eco 50-3-D (30A fuses) 21
PV connections - Tauro Eco 99-3-D / 100-3-D (direct, 20 A option) 22
PV connections - Tauro Eco 99-3-D / 100-3-D (direct, 30 A option) 22
PV connections - pre-combined 22
Mounting option for third-party components 23
Data communication area in the inverter 23
Data communication area 23
Internal schematic connection diagram of the IOs 25
Button functions and LED status indicator 25
Installation and commissioning 29
General 31
System component compatibility 31
Installation location and position 32
Choosing the location of the inverter 32
Installation position 33
3
EN

Transport 35
Crane transport 35
Transporting by counterbalanced lift truck or lift truck 35
Mounting the inverter 36
Selecting the fixing material 36
Mounting bracket dimensions 36
Mounting the inverter on the wall 36
Mounting the inverter on floor racks 38
Connecting the inverter to the public grid (AC side) 39
Monitoring the grid 39
AC connection area 39
Connecting aluminium cables 40
Permitted cables 40
Maximum alternating current fuse protection 41
Changing the clamping area for V-type terminal 42
Sector conductors at the V-type terminal 42
Additional PE introduction for earthing 42
Safety 43
Opening the inverter 44
Switching off the AC disconnector option 44
Connecting the inverter to the public grid - Singlecore 44
Connecting the inverter to the public grid - Singlecore with PEN conductor 45
Connecting the inverter to the public grid - Multicore 47
Connecting the inverter to the public grid - Daisy Chain 48
Connecting cables with a cable lug 50
Connecting the PV cable to the inverter 51
Safety 51
General comments regarding PV modules 52
Permitted cables 52
DC fuse protection - pre-combined 53
Example of Fronius Tauro Eco 50-3-P / 99-3-P / 100-3-P combiner box 54
Example Fronius Tauro 50-3-P combiner box 55
Distribution of the solar module strings for the direct version 55
Connecting PV cables - MC4 connector 56
MC4 connector cover 56
Connecting PV cables - Pre-combined 57
Connecting cables with a cable lug 58
Replacing the string fuses 59
Closing and switching on the inverter 61
Connecting the data communication cable 63
Modbus participants 63
Permitted cables for the data communication area 63
Multiple inverters in one network 64
Routing data communication cables 64
WSD (wired shutdown) 66
Using for the first time 68
Starting the inverter for the first time 68
Fronius system monitoring (Pilot) display 68
Installation with the app 68
Installation using the web browser 69
Switching off current supply and restarting the inverter 71
De-energising the inverter and switching it on again 71
Settings - user interface of the inverter 73
User settings 75
User login 75
Selecting the language 75
Device configuration 76
Components 76
Functions and IOs 76
"PSC editor - AUS - Demand Response Modes (DRM)" 77
4

Demand Response Modes (DRM) 77
Inverter 77
System 79
General 79
Update 79
Setup wizard 79
Restoring the factory settings 79
Event Log 79
Information 79
License Manager 80
Support 81
Communication 82
Network 82
Modbus 83
Remote control 84
Fronius Solar API 85
Internet Services 85
Safety and grid requirements 86
Country setup 86
Requesting inverter codes in Solar.SOS 86
Feed-in limitation 87
I/O power management 88
Connection diagram - 4 relay 88
I/O power management settings - 4 relays 90
Connection diagram - 3 relay 91
I/O power management settings - 3 relays 92
Connection diagram - 2 relay 93
I/O power management settings - 2 relays 94
Connection diagram - 1 relay 95
I/O power management settings - 1 relay 96
Appendix 97
Status codes and remedy 99
Status Codes 99
Technical data 100
Tauro 50-3-D / 50-3-P 100
Tauro Eco 50-3-D / 50-3-P 102
Tauro Eco 99-3-D / 99-3-P 104
Tauro Eco 100-3-D / 100-3-P 107
WLAN 109
Explanation of footnotes 110
Integrated DC disconnector 110
Applicable standards and guidelines 112
CE mark 112
WLAN 112
Power failure 112
Service, warranty terms and conditions and disposal 113
Fronius SOS 113
Fronius manufacturer's warranty 113
Disposal 113
5
EN

Safety rules
Explanation of
safety notices WARNING!
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation.
▶Death or serious injury may result if appropriate precautions are not taken.
CAUTION!
Indicates a situation where damage could occur.
▶If not avoided, minor injury and/or damage to property may result.
NOTE!
Indicates a risk of flawed results and possible damage to the equipment.
If you see any of the symbols depicted in the "Safety rules" chapter, special care
is required.
General The device has been manufactured in line with the state of the art and according
to recognised safety standards. In the event of incorrect operation or misuse,
there is a risk of:
-Injury or death to the operator or a third party
-Damage to the device and other material assets belonging to the operator
All personnel involved in commissioning and maintenance of the device must:
-Be suitably qualified,
-Have knowledge of and experience in dealing with electrical installations and
-Read and follow these Operating Instructions carefully.
In addition to the Operating Instructions, all applicable local rules and regula-
tions regarding accident prevention and environmental protection must also be
followed.
All safety and danger notices on the device:
-Must be kept in a legible state
-Must not be damaged
-Must not be removed
-Must not be covered, pasted or painted over
Only operate the device when all protection devices are fully functional. If the
protection devices are not fully functional, there is a risk of:
-Injury or death to the operator or a third party
-Damage to the device and other material assets belonging to the operator
Any safety devices that are not fully functional must be repaired by an author-
ized specialist before the device is switched on.
Never bypass or disable protection devices.
For the location of the safety and danger notices on the device, refer to the
chapter headed "Warning notices on the device" in the Operating Instructions for
your device.
6

Faults that could compromise safety must be remedied before switching on the
device.
Environmental
conditions
Operation or storage of the device outside the stipulated area will be deemed as
not in accordance with the intended purpose. The manufacturer accepts no liab-
ility for any damage resulting from improper use.
Qualified per-
sonnel
The servicing information contained in these Operating Instructions is intended
only for the use of qualified service engineers. An electric shock can be fatal. Do
not carry out any actions other than those described in the documentation. This
also applies to qualified personnel.
All cables and leads must be secured, undamaged, insulated, and adequately di-
mensioned. Loose connections, scorched, damaged or inadequately dimensioned
cables and leads must be immediately repaired by authorised personnel.
Repair work must only be carried out by authorised personnel.
It is impossible to guarantee that bought-in parts are designed and manufac-
tured to meet the demands made on them, or that they satisfy safety require-
ments. Use only original spare parts (also applies to standard parts).
Do not carry out any alterations, installations, or modifications to the device
without first obtaining the manufacturer's permission.
Components that are not in perfect condition must be changed immediately.
Safety measures
at the installa-
tion location
When installing devices with openings for cooling air, ensure that the cooling air
can enter and exit unhindered through the air ducts. Only operate the charger in
accordance with the degree of protection shown on the rating plate.
Noise emission
values
The sound power level of the inverter is specified in the Technical data.
The device is cooled as quietly as possible with the aid of an electronic temperat-
ure control system; this depends on the amount of converted power, the ambient
temperature, the level of soiling of the device, etc.
It is not possible to provide a workplace-related emission value for this device
because the actual sound pressure level is heavily influenced by the installation
situation, the grid quality, the surrounding walls and the properties of the room
in general.
EMC measures In certain cases, even though a device complies with the standard limit values for
emissions, it may affect the application area for which it was designed (e.g., when
there is equipment that is susceptible to interference at the same location, or if
the site where the device is installed is close to either radio or television receiv-
ers). If this is the case, then the operator is obliged to take action to rectify the
situation.
7
EN

Data protection The user is responsible for the safekeeping of any changes made to the factory
settings. The manufacturer accepts no liability for any deleted personal settings.
Copyright Copyright of these operating instructions remains with the manufacturer.
The text and illustrations are all technically correct at the time of printing. We
reserve the right to make changes. The contents of the operating instructions
shall not provide the basis for any claims whatsoever on the part of the pur-
chaser. If you have any suggestions for improvement, or can point out any mis-
takes that you have found in the instructions, we will be most grateful for your
comments.
Protective
earthing (PE)
Connection of a point in the device, system or installation to earth to protect
against electric shock in the event of a fault. When installing the Tauro inverter,
the PE connection is mandatory as it is a protection class 1 device. When con-
necting the PE conductor, ensure that it is secured against accidental disconnec-
tion. All points listed under "Connecting the inverter to the public grid (AC side)"
must be observed, including the use of washers, screw locks, and nuts with the
defined torque.
It must be ensured that when using the strain-relief devices, the ground con-
ductor is the last to be disconnected in the event of a possible failure. When con-
necting the ground conductor, the minimum cross-section requirements spe-
cified by the respective national regulations must be observed. In addition, the
minimum cross-section of the PE conductor must be at least half of the phase
cross-sections according to the product standard IEC 62109-1, as a cross-sec-
tion of at least 35 mm² (50 kW) or 70 mm² (99.99 / 100 kW) must be used for the
phases (L1 / L2 / L3).
Maintenance In principle, Tauro inverters are maintenance-free. If maintenance work is never-
theless carried out on the inverter, such as cleaning or replacing components,
this must be done in consultation with a Fronius-trained service technician. The
manufacturer accepts no liability for damage caused by improper use.
8

General information
9

10

Description of the device
Description of
the device
The inverter transforms the direct current generated by the solar modules into
alternating current. This alternating current is fed into the public grid synchron-
ously with the grid voltage.
The inverter has been developed exclusively for use in grid-connected photovol-
taic systems; it is impossible to generate energy independently of the public grid.
Thanks to its design and the way it works, the inverter is extremely safe both to
install and to operate.
The inverter automatically monitors the public grid. In the event of abnormal grid
conditions, the inverter ceases operating immediately and stops feeding power
into the grid (e.g. if the grid is switched off, if there is an interruption, etc.).
The grid is monitored by monitoring the voltage, frequency and islanding condi-
tions.
AC Daisy Chain With the "AC Daisy Chain" inverter version, the AC lead can be fed directly from
the inverter to another inverter. Several Tauro inverters, up to an output power of
max. 200 kW, can be thereby be quickly connected to one another.
The minimum cable cross-section is defined by the fuse at the mains connection
point. A larger cable cross-section can be selected at any time. The applicable
national standards must be taken into account and applied.
String fuses Only applies to device types Fronius Tauro 50-3-D / Eco 50-3-D / Eco 99-3-D /
Eco 100-3-D (direct):
String fuses are used in the Fronius Tauro to provide additional protection for the
solar modules.
The maximum short circuit current Isc, the maximum module return current IR or
the maximum string fuse rating specified in the module data sheet of the re-
spective solar module is crucial in affording the solar modules the correct fuse
protection.
The national regulations regarding fuse protection must be observed. The elec-
trical engineer carrying out the installation is responsible for the correct choice
of string fuses.
11
EN

To replace the string fuses, see chapter Replacing the string fuses on page 59.
Eco 50-3-D
Eco 99-3-D / Eco 100-3-D Standard
F1.1 - F2.7
Eco 99-3-D / Eco 100-3-D
Standard
F3.1 - F3.8
50-3-D
F1.1 - F3.7
F3.1- F3.1+ F3.2- F3.2+ F3.3- F3.3+ F3.4- F3.4+ F3.5- F3.5+
Eco 50-3-D
30A fuses F1.1 - F2.5
50-3-D / Eco 99-3-D / Eco 100-3-D
30A fuses F1.1 - F3.5
Fronius Sol-
ar.web
With Fronius Solar.web or Fronius Solar.web Premium, the PV system can be
easily monitored and analysed by the system owner and installer. If configured
accordingly, the inverter transmits data such as power, yields, load, and energy
balance to Fronius Solar.web. For more information see Solar.web - monitoring &
analysis.
Configuration is carried out via the setup wizard, see chapter Installation with
the app on page 68 or Installation using the web browser on page 69.
12

Prerequisites for configuration:
-Internet connection (download: min. 512 kBit/s, upload: min. 256 kBit/s)*.
-User account on solarweb.com.
-Completed configuration via the setup wizard.
* The information given does not constitute an absolute guarantee of fault-
less function. High error rates in the transmission, reception fluctuations
or transmission drop-outs can have a negative effect on the data transfer.
Fronius recommends testing the Internet connection on site according to
the minimum requirements.
Local commu-
nication
The inverter can be found via the Multicast DNS protocol (mDNS). It is recom-
mended to search for the inverter by the assigned host name.
The following data can be retrieved via mDNS:
-NominalPower
-Systemname
-DeviceSerialNumber
-SoftwareBundleVersion
13
EN

Protection of people and equipment
Safety WARNING!
Danger due to incorrect operation and incorrectly performed work.
This can result in serious injury and damage to property.
▶All the work and functions described in this document must only be carried
out by trained and qualified personnel.
▶Read and understand this document.
▶Read and understand all the Operating Instructions for the system compon-
ents, especially the safety rules.
WARNING!
Danger from electromagnetic fields. Electromagnetic fields are generated dur-
ing operation.
Effects on the health of persons, e.g. those wearing a pacemaker can result.
▶Do not remain closer than 20 cm from the inverter for a prolonged period of
time.
Warning notices
and rating plate
on the device
There are warning notices and safety
symbols on and in the inverter. These
warning notices and safety symbols
must not be removed or painted over.
They warn against incorrect operation,
as this may result in serious injury and
damage.
Symbols on the rating plate:
CE mark – confirms compliance with applicable EU directives and
regulations.
UKCA mark – confirms compliance with applicable UK directives and
regulations.
WEEE mark – waste electrical and electronic equipment must be
collected separately and recycled in an environmentally sound manner
in accordance with the European Directive and national law.
RCM mark – tested in accordance with the requirements of Australia
and New Zealand.
ICASA mark – tested in accordance with the requirements of the
Independent Communications Authority of South Africa.
14

CMIM mark – tested in accordance with IMANOR requirements for
import regulations and compliance with Moroccan standards.
Safety symbols:
Risk of serious injury and property damage due to incorrect operation.
Do not use the functions described here until you have fully read and
understood the following documents:
-These Operating Instructions.
-All Operating Instructions for the system components of the
photovoltaic system, especially the safety rules.
Dangerous electrical voltage.
Before opening the machine, wait for the capacitors to discharge!
Text of the warning notices:
WARNING!
An electric shock can be fatal. Before opening the device, ensure that the input
and output sides are de-energised and insulated.
WSD (wired
shutdown)
The wired shutdown (WSD) interrupts the inverter feeding energy into the grid if
the trigger device (switch, e.g. emergency stop or fire alarm switch) has been ac-
tivated.
If an inverter (secondary device) fails, it is bypassed and the other inverters con-
tinue operating. If a second inverter (secondary device) or the inverter (primary
device) fails, the operation of the entire WSD chain is interrupted.
For installation, see WSD (wired shutdown) on page 66.
Central grid and
system protec-
tion
The inverter offers the option to use the integrated AC relays as coupling
switches in conjunction with a central grid and system protection unit (in accord-
ance with VDE-AR-N 4105:2018:11 §6.4.1). For this purpose, the central trigger
device (switch) must be integrated into the WSD chain as described in the
chapter "WSD (Wired Shut Down)".
RCMU The inverter is equipped with a universal current-sensitive residual current monit-
oring unit (RCMU = Residual Current Monitoring Unit) in accordance with IEC
62109-2 and IEC63112.
This device monitors residual currents from the PV module to the AC output of
the inverter and disconnects the inverter from the grid in the event of unauthor-
ised residual current.
Surge protective
device
The inverter is equipped with an integrated surge protective device on the DC
and AC side in accordance with IEC 62109-2. The surge protective device pro-
tects the system against damage in the event of a surge.
15
EN

Surge protective
device (SPD) The surge protective device (SPD) protects against temporary over-
voltages and dissipates surge currents (e.g. lightning strike). Building
on an overall lightning protection concept, the SPD helps to protect
your PV system components.
If the surge protective device is triggered, the colour of the indicator
changes from green to red (mechanical display).
A tripped SPD must be replaced immediately by an authorised spe-
cialist company with a functioning SPD in order to maintain the full
protective function of the unit.
There is the option of a digital indication when an SPD has tripped.
For setting this function, see PDF "Temporary SPD Triggering" in the
Service & Support area at www.fronius.com
IMPORTANT!
After setting the function described above, the inverter will also respond if the 2-
pole signal cable of the surge protective device is interrupted or damaged.
AFCI – Arc Fault
Circuit Inter-
rupter (Arc-
Guard)
Available ex works.
AFCI (Arc Fault Circuit Interrupter) protects against arcing faults and in the nar-
rower sense is a protection device against contact faults. The AFCI evaluates any
faults that occur in the current and voltage curve with an electronic circuit and
switches off the circuit when a contact fault is detected. This prevents overheat-
ing on poor contacts and possible fires.
IMPORTANT!
Active solar module electronics can interfere with the function of the ArcGuard.
Fronius does not guarantee the correct functioning when using Fronius ArcGuard
in combination with active solar module electronics.
CAUTION!
Danger due to incorrect or unprofessional DC installation.
This can result in risk of damage and, in turn, risk of fire to the PV system due to
inadmissible thermal loads that arise with an arc.
▶Check that plug connections are in good condition.
▶Repair incorrect insulation as appropriate.
▶Complete connections as per the specifications.
IMPORTANT!
Fronius will not accept any costs associated with production downtimes, installer
costs, etc., that may arise as the result of a detected arc and its consequences.
Fronius accepts no liability for damage that can occur despite the presence of
the integrated Arc Fault Circuit Interrupter/extinguishing system ( e.g. caused by
a parallel arc).
Automatic reconnection
To restart the AFCI, no manual procedure is required if a minimum interruption
time of 5 minutes is ensured before continuing operation.
When interrupting for the fifth time within a 24 h period, the AFCI is only al-
lowed to be reset manually before the AFCI does reconnect. Afterwards, the
AFCI may return to automatic reconnection mode.
16

Safe state If one of the following safety devices trips, the inverter will change to a safe
state:
-WSD
-isolation measurement
-RCMU and
-AFCI
In the safe state, the inverter no longer feeds into the grid and is disconnected
from the grid by opening the AC relays.
17
EN

Proper use
Intended use The solar inverter is intended exclusively to convert direct current from solar
modules into alternating current and to feed this into the public grid.
Utilisation not in accordance with the intended purpose comprises:
-Utilisation for any other purpose, or in any other manner
-Making any modifications to the inverter that have not been expressly ap-
proved by Fronius
-Installation of parts that are not distributed or expressly approved by Froni-
us
The manufacturer shall not be liable for any damage resulting from such use. All
warranty claims will be forfeited.
Intended use also includes complying with all the instructions in the Operating
Instructions.
Regulations gov-
erning the
photovoltaic sys-
tem
The inverter is designed to be connected and used exclusively in conjunction with
solar modules.
Use of the inverter with other DC generators (e.g. wind generators) is not permit-
ted.
When designing the photovoltaic system, ensure that all of its components are
operated within their permitted operating ranges at all times.
Observe all the measures recommended by the solar module manufacturer to
ensure that the solar module retains its properties in the long term.
18

Functional principle
Functional prin-
ciple
The inverter operates fully automatically. As soon after sunrise as there is suffi-
cient energy available from the solar modules, the inverter starts checking the
PV system (insulation measurement), and the grid (grid voltage and grid fre-
quency). If all values are within the normative scope, automatic connection to the
grid and feeding of energy into the grid takes place.
The inverter works in a way that ensures the maximum power possible is obtained
from the solar modules. This is known as "Maximum Power Point Tracking"
(MPPT). In the event of shading of the solar modules, the function "Dynamic
Peak Manager" can be used to obtain the majority of the local maximum output
(LMPP) of the PV system.
After dusk, as soon as the power available has fallen below the level at which en-
ergy can be fed into the grid, the inverter disconnects the power electronics
completely from the grid and stops running. It retains all its settings and stored
data.
Cooling of the
inverter through
forced-air ventil-
ation
Cooling of the inverter is performed by a forced-air ventilation system via tem-
perature-controlled fans. Air is sucked in from the front and fed, via a sealed
duct, through the AC and DC heat sink, before passing directly over the induct-
ors and dissipating.
The sealed air duct prevents the electronics compartment from coming into con-
tact with the ambient air. This approach largely prevents any contamination of
the electronics compartment.
The fan speed and temperature of the inverter are monitored.
The variable-speed, ball-bearing mounted fans in the inverter permit the follow-
ing:
-Optimum cooling of the inverter
-Cooler components, therefore a longer service life
-Lowest-possible energy consumption
-High output power including in top temperature range of the inverter
Power derating If the inverter becomes too hot, it automatically reduces the current output
power in order to protect itself. Reasons for the inverter becoming too hot in-
clude too high an ambient temperature or inadequate heat dissipation (e.g. when
installed in containers without proper heat dissipation measures).
A power derating system restricts the output from the inverter in order to pre-
vent the temperature from exceeding the permissible value.
If a maximum temperature is exceeded, the inverter switches off in a safe state
and does not resume feeding energy into the grid until the device has cooled
down.
19
EN

Control elements and connections
Controls and dis-
plays (1) DC disconnector
Disconnects the electrical con-
nection from the solar modules
to the inverter. Depending on
the device type, 2 or 3 DC dis-
connectors are installed.
The DC disconnectors can be
secured against switching on
with a padlock.
(2) AC disconnector option
The optional AC disconnector
breaks the connection from the
inverter to the grid
(3) Button function
For further information about
the button function, see But-
ton functions and LED status
indicator
(4) LED status indicator
For further information about
the LED status indicator, see
Button functions and LED
status indicator
PV connections -
Tauro 50-3-D
(direct)
20