GarrettCom Magnum Quad-Series User manual

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Corporate Headquarters
GarrettCom, Inc.
47823 Westinghouse Dr.
Fremont, CA 94539
Phone [phone]
Fax [phone]
Website: http://www.GarrettCom.com
email [e-mail]
Magnum Quad-Series
Fiber Switches
Installation and User Guide

Magnum Quad-Series Fiber Switches Installation and User Guide (06/03)
Magnum
 Quad-Series
Fiber Switches
Installation and User Guide
Part #: 84-00063 (Rev. D 12/02)
Trademarks
Ethernet is a trademark of Xerox Corporation
NEBS is a trademark of Telcordia Technologies
UL is a registered trademark of Underwriters Laboratories
GarrettCom, Magnum and Personal Switch are trademarks and Personal Hub is a
registered trademark of GarrettCom, Inc.
Important: The Magnum Quad Series Fiber Switch contains no user
serviceable parts. Attempted service by unauthorized personnel shall render all
warranties null and void. If problems are experienced with Magnum Quad
Series Fiber Switch products, consult Section 6, Troubleshooting, of this User
Guide.
Copyright 2003 GarrettCom, Inc. All rights reserved. No part
of this publication may be reproduced without prior written permission from
GarrettCom, Inc.
Printed in the United States of America.
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Magnum Quad-Series Fiber Switches Installation and User Guide (06/03)
Contacting GarrettCom, Inc
Please use the mailing address, phone and fax numbers and email address listed below:
GarrettCom, Inc.
47823 Westinghouse Dr.
Fremont, CA 94539
Phone [phone]
Fax [phone]
Website: http://www.GarrettCom.com
email [email protected]
Federal Communications Commission
Radio Frequency Interference Statement
This equipment generates, uses and can radiate frequency energy and if not
installed and used properly, that is in strict accordance with the manufacturer's
instructions, may cause interference to radio communication. It has been tested and
found to comply with the limits for a Class A computing device in accordance with the
specifications in Subpart J of Part 15 of FCC rules, which are designed to provide
reasonable protection against such interference when operated in a commercial
environment. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause
interference, in which case the user at his own expense will be required to take whatever
measures may be required to correct the interference.
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Magnum Quad-Series Fiber Switches Installation and User Guide (06/03)
TABLE OF CONTENTS Page
1.0 SPECIFICATIONS ............................................................................... 1
1.1 Technical Specifications...................................................................... 1
1.2 Ordering Information........................................................................... 3
2.0 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................. 4
2.1 Inspecting the Package and Product .................................................... 4
2.2 Product Description - Magnum Quad-Series Fiber Switches .............. 5
2.2.1 Magnum Quad-Series chassis models.......................................... 5
2.2.2 Quad-port modules, 100Mb fiber ...................................................... 7
2.2.3 Quad-port modules, 10 Mb fiber.................................................. 7
2.2.4 Quad-Port Module, RJ-45 (copper) ............................................. 8
2.2.5 Combo “3 + 1” Quad Port Modules, 3@RJ-45 and 1@fiber....... 8
2.2.6 Frame Buffering and Latency...................................................... 9
2.3 Features and Benefits......................................................................... 11
2.4 Applications....................................................................................... 12
3.0 INSTALLATION................................................................................ 15
3.1 Locating Magnum Quad-Series Switches.......................................... 15
3.2 Connecting Ethernet Media ............................................................... 16
3.2.1 Connecting Fiber Optic ST-type, “twist-lock”.......................... 16
3.2.2 Connecting Fiber Optic SC-type, "Snap-In".............................. 17
3.2.3 Connecting Single-Mode Fiber Optic........................................ 17
3.2.4 Connect Twist Pair (RJ-45,CAT3, CAT5, Unsh or Shiel)......... 17
3.3 Table-Top or Shelf Mounting............................................................ 18
3.3.1 Wall (or Vertical Surface) Mounting, 8-port QS580................. 18
3.3.2 Rack-mounting, models QS5108 and QS5116........................... 18
3.4 RJ-45 ports, int jump set for 10/100Mb............................................. 20
3.5 Fiber 100Mb ports, int jump set for 100Mb fixed ............................. 21
3.6 Combo(3+1) ports, int jump set for 10/100 RJ-45 Auto-Neg............ 22
3.7 Fiber 10Mb ports, int jump set for 10Mb fixed Half- or.................... 23
3.8 Powering the Magnum Quad-Series Switch...................................... 24
3.9 Quad Port Module (QPM) Installation............................................... 25
3.9.1 Preparation for Installing and Removing QPMs........................ 25
3.9.2 Installing QPM Cards in the Magnum Q-Series ........................ 27
3.9.3 Removing QPM Cards............................................................... 29
4.0 OPERATION....................................................................................... 30
4.1 Switching Functionality..................................................................... 30
4.2 Status LEDs ....................................................................................... 31
4.3 Manual Switches for Up-link push-button, for RJ-45 quad-port....... 31
4.4 Auto-negotiation, for Fast Ethernet copper ports............................... 31
4.5 Auto-negotiation for 10 Mb ports, half- or full-duplex mode............ 33
4.6 Flow-control, IEEE 802.3x standard ................................................. 33
4.7 Power Budget Calculations for Quad-Series QPM’s with Fiber ....... 34
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Magnum Quad-Series Fiber Switches Installation and User Guide (06/03)
5.0 INTRODUCTION - MAGNUM QUAD-SERIES (QPM)............... 35
5.1 Inspecting the Package and Product .................................................. 35
5.2 Product Description ........................................................................... 35
5.2.1 QPM-MST, 100Mb multi-mode FX-ST Quad-port Mod .......... 36
5.2.2 QPM-MSC 100Mbps multi-mode FX-SC Quad-port, “snap-in”37
5.2.3 QPM-SSC 100Mbps single-mode FX-SC-type, “snap-in” con. 37
5.2.4 QPM-MTRJ, 100Mb multi-mode FX Quad-Port, MTRJ small- 38
5.2.5 QPM-MV45, 100Mbps multi-mode FX Quad-Port VF45 small-38
5.2.6 QPM-RJ45 (Twisted Pair), 10/100Mb TP Quad-Port................ 39
5.2.7 QPRJ-MSC, “3 + 1” 3@10/100Mb RJ-45 and 1@100Mb Fib.. 40
5.2.8 QPRJ-MST, “3 + 1” 3@10/100Mb RJ-45 and 1@100Mb Fib.. 41
5.2.9 QPRJ-SSC, “3 + 1” 3@10/100Mb RJ-45 and 1@100Mb Fib... 41
5.2.10 QPM-FP..................................................................................... 41
6.0 TROUBLESHOOTING...................................................................... 42
6.1 Before Calling for Assistance............................................................ 42
6.2 When Calling for Assistance ............................................................. 43
6.3 Return Material Authorization (RMA) Procedure............................. 43
6.4 Shipping and Packaging Information................................................. 44
APPENDIX A: WARRANTY INFORMATION......................................... 44
APPENDIX B: MAGNUM INTERNAL DC POWER SUPPLY OPTION44
APPENDIX C: MAGNUM INTERNAL DC DUAL-SOURCE POWER.. 47
Revisions
Rev D 12/02 : Updated Appendices B and C for 100VDC (90 to 160v range) option
Rev C 06/02 : Updated the Rack Mounting and Appendix B & C with 24VDC and
125VDC Power Supply option
Rev B 04/01 : Change the company name to GarrettCom, Inc. (Formerly it was
Garrett Communications). There are no changes to the content of the material at
this time
Rev A 08/99 : This revision is the initial release of the
Magnum Quad Series Fiber
Switch user manual.
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Magnum Quad-Series Fiber Switches Installation and User Guide (06/03)
The Magnum Line
ETHERNET CONNECTIVITY PRODUCTS
"DESIGNED AND MANUFACTURED IN THE USA"
OVERVIEW
GarrettCom, Inc.offers the premium-quality Magnumline of Ethernet LAN
connectivity products with industry-standard functionality and built-in fiber
configurability. Magnum products are designed for use in demanding Carrier Class,
Industrial Grade and OEM applications where reliability is a primary consideration.
6K25 Managed Fiber Switches, Gigabit, 100 and 10 Mbps, fiber and copper ports,
mix-and match. Features SFF fiber for up to 25 fiber ports in a 1U unit.
4K-Series Switches, 100 and 10 Mbps, copper ports with optional fiber port, with
auto-negotiating full switching performance.
Quad-Series Fiber Switches, 100 & 10Mbps, fiber and copper ports, mixed-speed
and mixed-media types, full switching performance.
P62-Series “Outdoor Ethernet Switches, for temperature uncontrolled applications
6 10/100 and 2 100Mb fiber ports, managed and unmanaged models, all fiber types.
Mixed-Media Fiber Hub, 16-port Stackable,10/100 auto-sensing
Dual Speed 8-port and 16-port Stackables, 10/100 auto-sensing
Stackable Hubs, SNMP Optional
10Mb series and 100Mb series, both w/ optional port modules
Personal Switches, 10/100Mb
8 port dual speed, Auto-negotiable with fiber option
Personal Hubs, 100Mb or 10/100Mb
8-port, with two switched ports (1 fiber built in)
Personal Hubs, 10Mb series
8-port + AUI, stackable to 5 high, + optional BNC of fiber port
8 or 9-port and 4 or 5-Port Personal Hubs, w/ man. up-link sw.
Media Converters, 10Mb and 100Mb series, regular and Hardened with integral
DC power, all fiber media port types incl. fiber ST, SC, mm., single-mode, SFF
The “X-line” of configurable MiXed Media products:
Stackable Concentrators, SNMP optional, 13-Ports
Mini-Concentrators, 7 Ports, Repeaters, 2-Ports
Repeater Port Modules (RPMs),6 types for Ethernet media
Bridge Port Modules (BPMs), 4 types, for segment isolation
Transceivers, 10Mb series Mini-Transceivers and Coax Models June, 03
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Magnum Quad-Series Fiber Switches Installation and User Guide (06/03)
1.0 SPECIFICATIONS
1.1 Technical Specifications
Performance
Aggregate Filtering Rate: 2,380,800 frames/sec for 16 100Mbps ports
(for Magnum QS5116)
(all ports are wire speed) 1,190,400 frames/sec for 8 100Mbps ports
(for Magnum QS580 & QS5108)
Aggregate Forwarding Rate: (for Magnum QS Fast Ethernet ports)
(all ports are wire speed) 1,190,400 frames per second, 16-port units
595,200 frames per second, 8-port units
Data Rate: 10 Mbps and 100Mbps
Address Table Capacity: 24K node addresses, self-learning (12K on
8-port models), with address aging
Packet buffer size : 8 MB dynamic (4MB for 8-port)
Latency: 5 s + packet time (100 to 100Mbps)
15 s + packet time (10 to 10 Mbps, and 10 to 100Mbps)
Network Standards
Ethernet V1.0/V2.0 IEEE 802.3: 10BASE-T,
IEEE 802.3u: 100BASE-TX, 100BASE-FX
Maximum 10 Mbps Ethernet Segment Lengths
Unshielded twisted pair - 100 m (328 ft)
Shielded twisted pair - 150 m (492 ft)
10BASE-FL multi-mode fiber optic - 2 km (6,562 ft)
10BASE-FL single-mode fiber optic - 10 km (32,810 ft)
Maximum Standard Fast Ethernet Segment Lengths:
10BASE-T (CAT 3, 4, 5 UTP) - 100 m (328 ft)
100BASE-TX (CAT 5 UTP) - 100 m (328 ft)
Shielded twisted pair - 150 m (492 ft)
100BASE-FX, half-duplex, multi-mode - 412 m (1350 ft)
100BASE-FX, full-duplex, multi-mode - 2.0 km (6,562 ft)
100BASE-SX, short wavelength HDX m.m. - 300 m ( 935 ft)
100BASE-FX, half-duplex, single-mode - 412 m (1350 ft)
100BASE-FX, full-duplex, single-mode - 15.0 km (49,215 ft)
Connectors for copper wiring
Twisted Pair at 10/100Mb: RJ-45 shielded, female, front mounted
(for Magnum Quad-Series Fast Ethernet copper ports, use Cat 5 cable)
Fiber Multi-mode connector types:
Fiber Port, SC-type (snap-in): Fiber optic multi-mode, 100BASE-FX
Fiber Port, ST-type (twist-lock): Fiber optic multi-mode, 100BASE-FX
Fiber Port, MTRJ-type (plug-in): Fiber optic multi-mode, 100BASE-FX
Fiber Port, VF-45 type (plug-in): Fiber optic multi-mode, 100BASE-FX
Fiber Port, ST-type (twist-lock): Fiber optic multi-mode, 10ASE-FL
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Magnum Quad-Series Fiber Switches Installation and User Guide (06/03)
Fiber Single-mode connector types:
Fiber Port, SC-type: Fiber optic single-mode, 100BASE-FX
Manual switch-selections and jumpers
Up-link Push-button: Crossover sw for one RJ-45 port per QPM-RJ45
Fiber default: Full-duplex (Internal jumpers may select HDX mode)
Copper default: Auto-negotiation (Internal jumpers may alternatively
select fixed 100Mb full-duplex, or fixed 100Mbps half-duplex)
LEDs: Per Port
LK: Steady ON when media link is operational
ACT: ON with receiver port activity
FDX/HDX: ON = Full-Duplex Mode
OFF = Half-Duplex Mode
100/10: ON = 100Mbps speed
OFF = 10 Mbps
Operating Environment
Ambient Temperature: 32to 120F (0to 50C)
Storage Temperature: -40to 185F (-40to 85C)
Ambient Relative Humidity: 10% to 95% (non-condensing)
Packaging
Enclosure: Rugged High strength metal. Suitable for stand-alone or rack-
mounting
Dimensions: 1.75 in H x 17.0 in W x 9.13 in D (10.0 in W for QS580)
4.45cm H x 43.2cm W x 23.2cm D (25.4 cm W for QS580)
Weight: 4.0 lb. (1.8 Kg) for rack-mount models, 2.5 lb. for table-top
Cooling method: Fan cooled, @ 9 cfm
Power Supply (Internal)
AC Power Connector: IEC-type, male recessed at rear of chassis,
with adjacent manual ON-OFF switch (on AC models only)
Input Voltage: 110 to 240 VAC (auto-ranging)
Input Frequency: 47 to 63 Hz (auto-ranging)
Power Consumption: 20 watts typical (8 port model)
35 watts typical (16 port model)
Redundant power supplies available as options
DC Power Supply (Options)
-48VDC Power Input Voltage : 36 to 70 VDC
24VDC Power Input Voltage : 20 to 36VDC
125VDC Power Input Voltage : 120 to 160VDC
Std. Terminal Block : “ -, GND, + ”
Power Consumption: same as for AC models, see above
For Dual Source and Redundant DC for –48VDC, 24VDC Power &
125VDC supply options (Optional), see Appendices
For optional 23” Telco rack-mount brackets, order Model # RMB-23W
Agency Approvals
UL listed (UL1950), cUL, CE
Emissions meet FCC Part 15 Class A
Warranty Three years, return to factory Made in USA
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Magnum Quad-Series Fiber Switches Installation and User Guide (06/03)
1.2 Ordering Information
Magnum Quad-Series Fiber Switches
MODEL DESCRIPTION
Magnum QS580 8-port 10/100 Switch, holds up to 2 Quad-port Modules
with 4 switched ports each. Shelf or table-top mounting.
For mixed-media flexibility, combinations of RJ-45 and
various fiber port connector types, modes, and speeds can
be configured. Full speed filtering and forwarding at
100Mbps speed across all ports, self-learning 12K-node
address table, and large 4MB packet buffers. Front-
mounted LEDs, internal auto-ranging power supply
Magnum QS5108 Same as Model QS580 Switch, but in a 19” rack-mount
package, with mounting brackets.
Magnum QS5116 Same as Model QS5108, but with 24K-node address table
and 8MB packet buffers. Holds up to 4 Quad-port Modules
(QPMs), 19” rack-mount package, with mounting brackets.
Magnum Quad-Series Port Modules
QPM-MSC Fiber module for Quad-Series Switches, with four
100Mbps multi-mode FX SC connectors
QPM-MST Fiber module for Quad-Series Switches, with four
100Mbps multi-mode FX ST connectors
QPM-SSC Fiber module for Quad-Series Switches, with four
100Mbps single-mode FX SC connectors
QPM-MV45 Fiber module for Quad-Series Switches, with four
100Mbps multi-mode FX “VF-45” connectors
QPM-MTRJ Fiber module for Quad-Series Switches, with four
100Mbps multi-mode FX “MTRJ” connectors
QPM-RJ45 RJ-45 module for Quad-Series Switches, with four
100Mbps auto-negotiating RJ-45 ports, one of which has
an up-link push-button
QPRJ-MSC 3TP+1F “3+1 combo” module for Quad-Series Switches,
with three 10/100MB auto-negotiating RJ-45 ports and one
fiber port with 100Mbps multi-mode FX SC connector
QPRJ-MST 3TP+1F “3+1 combo” module, same as QPRJ-MSC but
with fiber ST-type connector
QPRJ-SSC 3TP+1F “3+1 combo” module, same as QPRJ-MSC but
with fiber single-mode FX SC connector
QPM10-FST Fiber module for Quad-Series Switches, with four 10 Mbps
multi-mode FL ST-type connectors
GarrettCom, Incl. reserves the right to change specifications, performance
characteristics and/or model offerings without notice.
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Magnum Quad-Series Fiber Switches Installation and User Guide (06/03)
2.0 INTRODUCTION
2.1 Inspecting the Package and Product
Examine the shipping container for obvious damage prior to installing this
product; notify the carrier of any damage that you believe occurred during shipment or
delivery. Inspect the contents of this package for any signs of damage and ensure that
the items listed below are included.
This package should contain:
1 Magnum QS580, QS5108 or QS5116 Fiber Switches
1 AC Power Cord (U.S. and other 115 VAC only)
1 Set of two wall-mounting brackets (for QS580 Model only)
1 Set of metal “Ears” for optional “19” rack mounting (for QS5108 &
QS5116 only)
1 Installation and User Guide (this manual)
1 Product Registration Card
Remove the items from the shipping container. Be sure to keep the shipping
container should you need to re-ship the unit at a later date. To validate the product
warranty, please complete and return the enclosed Product Registration Card to
GarrettCom, Inc. as soon as possible.
In the event there are items missing or damaged, contact the party from whom
you purchased the product. If the unit needs to be returned, please use the original
shipping container if possible. Refer to Section 6, Troubleshooting, for specific return
procedures.
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Magnum Quad-Series Fiber Switches Installation and User Guide (06/03)
2.2 Product Description - Magnum Quad-Series Fiber Switches
Magnum Quad-Series Fiber Switches boost the performance of large Ethernet
LANs, and have the flexibility of both fiber and twisted-pair switched ports. Their
“mixed-media” capability provides for a variety of configurations including various
types of fiber port connectors and modes, as well as allowing a mix of 10/100Mb RJ-45
(copper) ports in the same unit. This flexibility is achieved via a family of quad-port
modules that can be integrated with a base unit, in the factory and in the field, to adapt
the unit to the individual application’s changing mixed-media requirements for a 10/100
Switch product.
The Magnum Quad-Series provide the switching speed and the reliability to
smoothly support multiple workgroups at 100Mbps or 10 Mbps speed. The Quad-Series
offers the flexibility of four, eight, twelve or sixteen switched 100Mbps or 10 Mbps fiber
and/or 10/100 twisted pair ports, in all the popular connector types. The Magnum Quad-
Series offers the QS580, QS5108 and QS5116 models, each with a configuration of four
port modules (Quad-port Modules) for fiber types and for copper, as well as “3+1”
combo (3@RJ-45 and 1@fiber) port modules. The Quad-port Modules can be configured
into a Quad-Series Switch base unit in any mix of port connector or media types.
Designed for use in departments with multiple workgroups, in remote offices
and in network traffic centers, the Magnum Quad-Series Switches are easy to install and
use. Addresses of attached nodes are automatically learned and maintained, adapting the
switching services to network changes and expansions. Front-mounted LEDs provide
status information on each port. The Magnum Quad-Series Switches provide high
performance plug-and-play operation in convenient table-top and rack-mount packages.
2.2.1 Magnum Quad-Series chassis models
Magnum Quad-Series Switches come in three chassis sizes, an 8-port table-top,
an 8-port rack-mount, and a 16-port rack-mount. Each is configurable with a selection of
quad-port (i.e., 4-port) modules, providing the capability of 4, 8, 12, and 16 switched
ports. The quad-port modules are normally factory installed, but may be changed or
added in the field. (See Section 5)
The 8-port QS580 table-top chassis is compact in size and suitable for shelf-
mounted use in network wiring centers. The QS5108 and QS5116 are 19” rack-
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Magnum Quad-Series Fiber Switches Installation and User Guide (06/03)
mountable Switches with two or four quad-port slots in the front, i.e., with a capacity of
8 or 16 switched ports. The QS5108 and QS5116 rack-mount units are typically used in
larger network wiring centers.
Fiber Switch
Magnum QS580 PWR
FDX/HDX
Fiber Switches
8 Ports Table-Top
Figure 2.2.1a: Front view, 8-
port Magnum QS580 table-
top, 8-port QS5108 and 16-
port QS5116 Mixed-Media
Switches
100/10 FDX/HDX
LK
x
ACT
1 2 3 4
2
3
1
4
LK ACT
1 2 3 4
FDX/HDX
GARRETT
Fiber Switch
PWR
ACT
Fiber Switch
Magnum QS5108
8-Port Rack Mount
2
3
1
4
LK
1 2 3 4
FDX/HDX
ACT
FDX/HDX
LK ACT
100/10
FDX/HDX
1 2 3 4
GARRETT
PWR
Magnum QS5116
Fiber Switch
GARRETT
Magnum QS5116
GARRETT
. Mixed-media combination modules (4-port modules with three fiber ports and
one twisted-pair port) are supported in all of the Quad-Series Fiber Switch models. All
quad-module manual-selection switches and LED’s are located on the front panel, with
the IEC standard AC power connector (and a manual ON - OFF power switch) located at
the rear. Fan-driven cooling air flows left to right.
Fiber Switch
Magnum QS5116
16-Port Rack Mount
100/10 FDX/HDX
LK
x
ACT
1 2 3 4
2
3
1
4
LK ACT
1 2 3 4
FDX/HDX
2
3
1
4
FDX/HDX LK ACT
1 2 3 4 ACT
2
3
1
4
LK
FDX/HDX 1 2 3 4
ON
OFF
110-220
VAC
47-63Hz
1.0-0.5A
ON
OFF
110-220
VAC
47-63Hz
1.0-0.5A
Figure 2.2.1b: Rear view - Magnum table-top & rack-mount Quad-Series Switches
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Magnum Quad-Series Fiber Switches Installation and User Guide (06/03)
2.2.2 Quad-port modules, 100Mb fiber
ACT
1
2
3
4
LK
FDX/HDX
VF45-Small Form Factor
1 2 3 4
1
FDX/HDX
2
3
4
ACT
LK
ST-Type
1 2 3 4
ACT
2
3
1
4
LK
FDX/HDX
MTRJ-Small Form Factor
1 2 3 4
2
3
1
4
LK
FDX/HDX ACT
SC-Type
1 2 3 4
Fig.2.2.2 Fiber Quad-Port Modules, QPM ST, QPM-SC, QPM-MTRJ, QPM-MV45
In a fiber quad-port module, all of the fiber ports are of the same speed, the
same multi- or single-mode, and the same connector type. Multi-mode 100Mbps models
are available with ST, SC, MTRJ, and VF-45 connectors. Single-mode 100Mbps models
are available with SC connectors.
The 100Mb fiber quad-port modules on the Magnum Q-Series normally are set
(factory default) to operate in full-duplex mode for best fiber distance and performance.
On the Magnum Q-Series, the user may select full- or half-duplex mode per-port with an
internal jumper setting (See Section 3.4) for the flexibility to adapt to any type of Fast
Ethernet devices.
On Magnum fiber QPMs, there are three LED’s per fiber port. The Link (LK)
LED indicates “ready for operation” when lit, another LED indicates operation in full-
duplex mode when ON (when it is OFF, operation is half-duplex), and an LED indicates
Receiving Activity (ACT) on the port. A fiber cable must be connected to each 100Mb
port and a proper link (LK lit) must be made with the device at the other end of the cable
in order for the LK LEDs to provide valid indications of operating conditions.
1
FDX/HDX
2
3
4
ACT
LK
ST-Type
1 2 3 4
2.2.3 Quad-port modules, 10 Mb
fiber
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The 10 Mb model QPM10-MST
fiber quad-port module is the same as the
100Mb QPM-MST, except for 10 Mb speed
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Magnum Quad-Series Fiber Switches Installation and User Guide (06/03)
rather than 100Mb speed. It supports distances according to the 10Base-FL standard, i.e.,
2Km distance for multi-mode fiber. (Single-mode for 10km distance may be available as
a special order).
2.2.4 Quad-Port Module, RJ-45 (copper)
The Magnum Q-Series
copper port module, model QPM-
RJ45, provides four 10/100Mb
switched. RJ-45 ports. The 10/100Mb
switched ports are independently N-
way auto-negotiating. QPM-RJ45
100/10
FDX/HDX
LK
x
ACT
1 2 3 4
for operation at 10 or 100Mb speed in full- or half-duplex mode (as a default setting).
They independently move to half-duplex mode at 10 Mb or at 100Mb speed if the device
at the other end of the twisted pair cable is half-duplex or is not an auto-negotiating
device.
On the model QPM-RJ45 , there are four LED’s for each port. The LK (Link)
indicates “ready for operation” when lit. The ACT (Activity) indicates receiving activity
on that port when lit. The 10/100 LED indicates operation at 100Mb speed when ON and
at 10 Mb speed when OFF (when auto-negotiation is not disabled). The FDX/HDX LED
is ON to indicate full-duplex operation and OFF to indicate half-duplex mode. A twisted
pair cable must be connected into each RJ-45 10/100Mb port and a proper Link (LK lit)
must be made with the device at the other end of the cable in order for the LEDs to
provide valid indications of operating conditions.
Internal jumper settings (See Section 3.4) allow technicians to over-ride the
auto-negotiation feature and to manually set each port at full-duplex or half-duplex. One
port on each RJ-45 quad-port module is equipped with a Media Dependent Interface-
Crossover (MDI-X) push-button switch to simplify cascaded or up-link connections.
2.2.5 Combo “3 + 1” Quad Port Modules, 3@RJ-45 and 1@fiber
The combo quad-port modules are
combination of copper and fiber media,
available as three 10/100 switched RJ-45
copper ports and one 100Mb switched multi-
mode fiber ST or SC or single mode SC-type port. QPRJ-MSC
LK
FDX/HDX
ACT
100/10
1 2 3 4
FDX/HDX
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Magnum Quad-Series Fiber Switches Installation and User Guide (06/03)
The RJ-45 ports run at 10/100Mbps with N-way auto-negotiation capability,
whereas the fiber port runs at 100Mbps with half- or full-duplex capability manually
selected. The default condition is full-duplex. Internal jumper settings allow technicians
to set the 100Mb fiber port to half-duplex mode. (See Section 3.4).
On Magnum Combo Quad-port modules, there are four LED’s for each RJ-45
port, which indicate status as described for the QPM-RJ45 in Section 2.2.4 above. The
fiber port is fixed at 100Mbps speed at all times, and has LEDs that indicate status the
same way as described for the Fiber Quad-port modules in Section 2.2.2 above.
2.2.6 Frame Buffering and Latency
The Magnum Quad-Series are store-and-forward switches. Each frame (or
packet) is loaded into the Switch’s memory and inspected before forwarding can occur.
This technique ensures that all forwarded frames are of a valid length and have the
correct CRC, i.e., are good packets. This eliminates the propagation of bad packets,
enabling all of the available bandwidth to be used for valid information.
While other switching technologies such as "cut-through" or "express" impose
minimal frame latency, they will also permit bad frames to propagate out to the Ethernet
segments connected. The "cut-through" technique permits collision fragment frames,
which are a result of late collisions, to be forwarded to add to the network traffic. Since
there is no way to filter frames with a bad CRC (the entire frame must be present in order
for CRC to be calculated), the result of indiscriminate cut-through forwarding is greater
traffic congestion, especially at peak activity. Since collisions and bad packets are more
likely when traffic is heavy, the result of store-and-forward operation is that more
bandwidth is available for good packets when the traffic load is greatest.
To minimize the possibility of dropping frames on congested ports, each
Magnum Quad-Series QS5116 Switches dynamically allocates buffer space from an 8
MB memory pool, ensuring that heavily used ports receive very large buffer space for
packet storage. (Many other switches have their packet buffer storage space divided
evenly across all ports, resulting in a small, fixed number of packets to be stored per port.
When the port buffer fills up, dropped packets result.) The other two Q-Series Switches
QS580 and QS5116 dynamically allocates buffer from an 4MB memory pool. This
dynamic buffer allocation provides the capability for the maximum resources of the
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Magnum Quad-Series Fiber Switches Installation and User Guide (06/03)
Magnum Quad-Series unit to be applied to all traffic loads, even when the traffic activity
is unbalanced across the ports. Since the traffic on an operating network is constantly
varying in packet density per port and in aggregate density, the Magnum Quad-Series
Switches are constantly adapting internally to provide maximum network performance
with the least dropped packets.
When the Switch detects that its free buffer queue space is low, the Switch
sends industry standard (full-duplex only) PAUSE packets out to the devices sending
packets to cause “flow control”. This tells the sending devices to temporarily stop
sending traffic, which allows a traffic catch-up to occur without dropping packets. Then,
normal packet buffering and processing resumes. This flow-control sequence occurs in a
small fraction of a second and is transparent to an observer. See Section 4.6 for
additional details.
Another feature implemented in Magnum Quad-Series Switches is a collision-
based flow-control mechanism (when operating at half-duplex only). When the Switch
detects that its free buffer queue space is low, the Switch prevents more frames from
entering by forcing a collision signal on all receiving half-duplex ports in order to stop
incoming traffic.
The latency (the time the frame spends in the Switch before it is sent along or
forwarded to its destination) of the Quad-Series Switches varies with the port-speed
types, and the length of the frame is a variable here as it is with all store-and-forward
switches. For 10 Mb-to-10 Mb or 10 Mb-to-100Mb or 100Mb-to-10 Mb forwarding, the
latency is 15 microseconds plus the packet time at 10 Mb. For 100Mb-to-100Mb
forwarding, the latency is 5 microseconds plus the packet time at 100Mb.
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Magnum Quad-Series Fiber Switches Installation and User Guide (06/03)
2.3 Features and Benefits
100Mb switching services for large, high performance Ethernet LANs
Magnum Quad-Series Switches provide Fast Ethernet switching on all
ports. They perform high speed filter/forward operations on the traffic,
giving each port’s segment a full 100Mb (or 10 Mb) of bandwidth.
Configurable with fiber ports, all connector types and speeds
Quad-port modules are available with 100Mb mm ST, SC, VF-45, MTRJ
single-mode SC, and 10 Mb ST-type connectors. The configuration of the
fiber ports, in the factory or in the field, allows the Quad-Series Switches
to adapt to mixed and changing fiber types in any application.
Configurable with RJ-45 (copper) ports, 10/100 auto-negotiation
RJ-45 Quad-port modules provide twisted pair segment connections, with
N-way auto-negotiation or with manual speed and mode settings per port
Mixed-media configurations for maximum flexibility
Combinations of port module types can be configured in the same unit,
adapting the Quad-Series Switches to varying quantities and types of fiber
vs. copper media. Port module changes can even be done in the field.
Full-duplex or Half-duplex operation, auto-sensing
All fiber and RJ-45 (copper) ports are capable of half- or full-duplex,
individually selected. All RJ-45 ports support 10/100 auto-negotiation, or
can be user-selected for the desired operating mode and speed.
16-port, 12-port, 8-port and 4-port models
With two chassis sizes (16-port and 8-port) configurable with 4-port
QPMs, capacity options complement the mixed-media configurability.
Plug-and-Play installation for high performance switching
Magnum Quad-Series Switches are self-learning for node addresses. They
can be placed into operation without complex set-up procedures, even in
large networks. They operate transparent to system software.
Front-mounted LEDs, world-wide AC power supply
Front panel LED’s on each quad-port module display the status of each
port for easy monitoring. An internal auto-ranging AC power supply
allows any Magnum Quad-Series Switches to be used throughout the
world. (A 48VDC power supply is optional, see Appendix B).\
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Magnum Quad-Series Fiber Switches Installation and User Guide (06/03)
2.4 Applications
Magnum Quad-Series Mixed-Media Switches offer high performance and
flexibility, and are easily used in a variety of applications including client/server
computing, performance upgrades of departmental networks, and collapsed backbone
applications. The Dual-Speed characteristic of the Quad-Series Switches enables them to
inter-connect a series of subnets (one subnet per Q-Series Switch) in a LAN traffic
center. The subnet connections may be via either fiber or twisted pair cabling, and may
be 100Mbps or 10 Mbps speed and full-or half-duplex mode.
The mixed-media capability is ideal for upgrading existing Ethernet LAN
networks, where existing cabling must be accommodated. The fiber-built-in media
capability is ideal for integrating future-proof fiber cabling into the LAN structure.
Example 1 : Magnum QS580
In a typical 10 Mb network performance upgrade, some existing cascaded 10
Mbps hubs connect a group of users who share one 10 Mb traffic domain. The Magnum
QS580 Quad-Series Switch provides eight 10/100Mb traffic domains for increased
performance. It can segment 10 Mbps and 100Mbps units, hubs and servers, in the
existing network into multiple domains, providing greatly increased bandwidth. In this
case, two 100Mb fiber connections are required to connect to more distant LAN centers,
and a configuration with two “combo” 3@RJ-45 + 1@fiber-built-in QPMs is used.
The Magnum QS580 provides complete network connectivity so that all 10 Mb
and 100Mb nodes operate in a unified manner, functioning as one plug-and-play
switched network facility. It filters and forwards packets from one segment to another,
containing the local traffic and allowing only the packets which need to be forwarded to
go outside to the appropriate other segments. This is ideal for a central departmental
switch in a high-performance LAN center. Figure 2.4 illustrates this example.
Fig. 2.4a: AFTER
Magnum QS580
Switch provides
central connectivity
while maintaining
full 10 Mbps and
100Mbps bandwidth
on each segment.
10 Mbps users
100Mbps users
Magnum800E
Workgroup Hub
100 M b/s
GARRETT
LINK
RX LINK RX
PWR C OL 1 2
3
45
6
7
8
Magnum 800E
Workgroup Hub
100 Mb /s
GARR ETT
LINK
RX LINK RX
PWR COL 1 2
3
45
6
7
8
PWR
Magnum QS580
Fiber Switch
GARR ETT
FDX/HDX
ACT
LK
100/10
FDX/HDX
ACT
LK
100/10
100Mbps Fiber
Segment
100Mbps Fiber
Segment
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Magnum Quad-Series Fiber Switches Installation and User Guide (06/03)
Example 2 : Magnum 8-port QS5108
In another application, a Switch is needed to provide a Fast Ethernet backbone.
The backbone consists of four high-speed LAN segments, each operating over 100MB
full-duplex fiber lines. In addition to interconnecting the fiber backbone segments in the
network center, the Switch needs to provide high-speed switched support for two central
servers, for a 100MB connection to a router, and for a dual-speed hub serving a local
workgroup of over a dozen users, printers, etc.
The Magnum QS5108 equipped with one Fiber and one RJ-45 quad-port
modules provides an economical solution, configured with 8 switched ports (four
100Mbps fiber and four 10/100 RJ-45) in a rack-mount box. No Media Converters are
needed. The Fiber QPM can be selected to provide any 100Mbps fiber media connector
type desired. QPMs with multi-mode or single-mode fiber types are available.
This requirement for connecting local devices over twisted pair cabling is
handled by the Magnum QS5108 using a 4-port RJ-45 Quad-Port Module. The QPM
provides a switched port for two local high speed servers, another for the router, another
for the users connecting into a 16-port dual-speed hub such as the Magnum DS8016.
Since 100Mb fiber Ethernet has severe distance limitations at half-duplex, it is
necessary in high speed backbones to operate fiber links in the full-duplex mode. Many
low-end switches that only have RJ-45 N-way 10/100Mb ports would need to have a
media converter on each fiber line. But most media converters do not support auto-
negotiation and would not enable the fiber backbone lines to operate full-duplex. But the
Magnum QS5108 . . . with built-in switched fiber ports at 100Mb speed, with full-duplex
mode as a default setting on fiber ports, and with some RJ-45 N-way 10/100Mb ports as
well. . . handles this application readily.
Figure 2.4b: The Magnum QS5108 provides a 100Mb fiber backbone facility.
100Mb Fiber
segmen Link t
Internet
Router
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
12 13 14 15 16
X
UPLINK
LK/RX
PORT
100
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
PWR BR
COL 10
COL 100
Magnum DS8016 Stackable Hub
Magnu m 800E
Workgroup Hub
100 Mb/ s
GARRE TT
LINK
RX LINK RX
PWR COL 1 2 3
45 6 7 8
100Mb Servers
100Mbps Workstations
Magnum QS5116
Fiber Switch
TTGARRE
PWR
ACT
100/10
2
3
1
FDX/HDX
4
LK ACT
Fiber Switch
Magnum QS5108
100/10 FDX/HDX
LK
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Magnum Quad-Series Fiber Switches Installation and User Guide (06/03)
Example 3: Magnum 16-port QS5116
In another situation similar to Example 2 above, a larger central Switch is
needed to provide for a 6-segment 100Mb fiber Fast Ethernet backbone, and switched
copper support for 4 high speed local servers. In addition, the router and two dual-speed
hubs need switched copper ports. The total is 14 ports, 6 fiber and 8 copper.
The mixed-media flexibility of the Magnum Quad-Port Switches provides the
user with more than one configuration in this case. The two ports not immediately used
may be either fiber or copper. If the probable growth of the central Switch is towards
more fiber backbone segments, then two quad-port fiber QPMs are selected to provide 6
required fiber ports and two for spares and/or future backbone expansion. The 8
switched copper ports are handled with two RJ-45 Quad-Port Modules configured into
the Magnum QS5116. Should the number of servers expand, more than one server can
be serviced by a switched QS5116 port by using a small 4-port 100Mbps hub.
If the probable growth of the central Switch is towards more local high speed
servers and users, then one quad-port fiber QPM is selected to provide 4 of the required
fiber ports, and two “combo 3@RJ-45 + 1@fiber” QPMs are configured for the other 2
fiber ports plus 6 of the switched copper ports. Finally, an RJ-45 QPM is configured to
provide for the remaining 2 copper ports plus two for spares and/or future expansion.
Should the need arise to add a built-in-fiber backbone port in the future, the RJ-45 QPM
could be removed and another “3+1 combo” QPM installed in the field. Alternatively, a
100MB Media Converter (such as the Magnum 15E) may be used on a copper port, with
internal jumpers (See Section 3.4) set to support fixed 100MB FDX on the RJ-45 port.
Fig 2.4c: Magnum QS5116 provides a 100Mb mixed-media backbone Switch.
10Mb Workgroup
100Mb fiber segment
100Mb Servers
and Workstations 100Mb Workgroup
Internet
Router
Magnum QS5116
Fiber Switch
GARRETT
Magnum QS5116
PWR
ACT
100/10
2
3
1
FDX/HDX
4
LK ACT
ACT
Fiber Switch
100/10
2
3
1
FDX/HDX
4
LK
Magnum QS5116
100/10 FDX/HDX
ACT
LK
10/100
100/10 FDX/HDX
ACT
LK
10/100
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
12 13 14 15 16
X
UPLINK
LK/RX
PORT
100
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
PWR BR
COL 10
COL 100
Magnum DS8016 Stackable Hub
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
12 13 14 15 16
X
UPLINK
LK/RX
PORT
100
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
PWR BR
COL 10
COL 100
Magnum DS8016 Stackable Hub
Magnum8 00E
WorkgroupHu b
100 Mb/s
GARRETT
LINK
RX LINK RX
PWR COL 1 2 3
45 6 7 8
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