General Monitors FL3110 User manual

Models FL3110/FL3111
UV/IR and UV only
Flame Detectors
The information and technical data disclosed in
this document may be used and disseminated
only for the purposes and to the extent
specifically authorized in writing by General
Monitors.
Instruction Manual 09/10
General Monitors reserves the right to change
published specifications and designs without
prior notice.
Part No. MANFL3110/11-EU
Revision G/09-10

Models FL3110/3111
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Warranty Statement
General Monitors warrants the Models FL3110/3111 to be free from defects in
workmanship or material under normal use and service within two years from the date of
shipment.
General Monitors will repair or replace without charge any such equipment found to be
defective during the warranty period. Full determination of the nature of, and responsibility
for, defective or damaged equipment will be made by General Monitors’ personnel.
Defective or damaged equipment must be shipped to General Monitors plant or
representative from which the original shipment was made. In all cases this warranty is
limited to the cost of the equipment supplied by General Monitors. The customer will
assume all liability for the misuse of this equipment by its employees or other personnel.
The customer will assume all liability for the misuse of this equipment by its employees or
other personnel. All warranties are contingent upon proper use in the application for which
the product was intended and do not cover products which have been modified or repaired
without General Monitors’ approval or which have been subjected to neglect, accident,
improper installation or application, or on which the original identification marks have been
removed or altered.
Except for the express warranty stated above, General Monitors disclaims all warranties
with regard to the products sold, including all implied warranties of merchantability and
fitness and the express warranties stated herein are in lieu of all obligations or liabilities on
the part of General Monitors for damages including, but not limited to, consequential
damages arising out of, or in connection with, the performance of the product.
Warnings
WARNING - Installation and Maintenance must be carried out by suitably skilled and
competent personnel only.

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Table of Contents
Page
Warranty Statement ..................................................................................................... i
Warnings ..................................................................................................... i
E C Declaration of Conformity in accordance with EC & ATEX Directives............... ii
Table of Contents ................................................................................................... iii
1.0 Introduction .................................................................................................... 1
1.1 General Description.................................................................................... 1
1.2 Principle of Operation................................................................................. 2
2.0 Specifications .................................................................................................... 5
2.1 System Specifications................................................................................. 5
2.2 Mechanical Specifications .......................................................................... 6
2.3 Electrical Specifications............................................................................. 6
2.4 Environmental Specifications...................................................................... 7
2.5 Modbus RTU Protocol ................................................................................ 7
3.0 Installation .................................................................................................... 8
3.1 Upon Receipt of Your Equipment ............................................................... 8
3.2 Choosing Detector Locations...................................................................... 8
3.3 Detector Installation.................................................................................... 9
3.4 Interconnecting Cable Guidelines............................................................. 10
3.5 Installation Instructions............................................................................. 10
3.6 Terminal Connections............................................................................... 14
3.7 User Selectable Options........................................................................... 17
3.8 Factory Default Settings ........................................................................... 19
4.0 Maintenance .................................................................................................. 21
4.1 General Maintenance ............................................................................... 21
4.2 Cleaning the Lenses/Light Rod................................................................. 21
4.3 Sensitivity Check ...................................................................................... 22
4.4 Storage..................................................................................................... 22
5.0 Trouble Shooting............................................................................................. 23
5.1 Trouble Shooting Chart............................................................................. 23
6.0 Spares & Accessories..................................................................................... 24
6.1 Spare Parts............................................................................................... 24
6.2 Test Lamps............................................................................................... 24

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7.0 Modbus Serial Communications .................................................................... 26
7.1 Baud Rate ................................................................................................ 26
7.2 Data Format.............................................................................................. 26
7.3 Modbus Read Status Protocol (Query/Response).................................... 26
7.4 Modbus Write Command Protocol (Query/Response) ................................. 27
7.5 Exception Responses and Exception Codes ............................................ 28
7.6 FL3110 Command Register Locations...................................................... 30
7.7 FL3110 Operational Mode Command Register Details............................. 31
Customer Satisfaction Questionnaire......................................................................... 36

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Table of Figures
Figure 2 Spectral Response of UV and IR Detectors ........................................3
Figure 3A-1 FL3110 Horizontal Field of View........................................................11
Figure 3A-2 FL3110 Vertical Field of View............................................................11
Figure 3A-3 FL3111 Horizontal Field of View........................................................12
Figure 3A-4 FL3111 Vertical Field of View............................................................12
Figure 3-B Outline Drawing.................................................................................13
Figure 3-C Base Assembly with Terminal Block..................................................14
Figure 3-D Strip Length.......................................................................................14
Figure 3-E Relay Outputs ...................................................................................16
Figure 3-F Field Loop Outputs............................................................................17
Figure 3-G Front Cap Assembly..........................................................................20

Models FL3110/3111
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1.0 Introduction
1.1 General Description
Fire is a phenomenon of combustion. Combustion is the continuous chemical reaction of a
reducing agent (fuel) and an oxidizing agent (oxygen, etc.) with the evolution of thermal
energy (heat). Fire is usually manifested in heat (IR), smoke, light (visible), and flame (UV).
Flame is the gaseous region of a fire where vigorous combustion chain reactions take
place. These reactions emit radiation covering the Infrared, Ultraviolet and the Visible
Spectral Regions.
The General Monitors Model FL3110 is an Ultraviolet/Infrared (UV/IR) Flame Detector. It
detects the Ultraviolet and Infrared spectral regions of the flame to produce a system which
is highly immune to false alarms caused by lightning, arc-welding, hot objects, and other
sources of radiation.
The Model FL3111 is an Ultraviolet (UV) flame detector. It only responds to UV and has
been optimised for speed of response.
The Models FL3110 and FL3111 features include:
•Compact unitised design.
•Continuous optical path monitoring.
•Wide field of view.
•High false alarm immunity.
•0-20mA, Relays, Field Loop and Modbus RTU RS-485 serial communications output
versions.
•Visual indicators.
•Stainless Steel body with integral mounting bracket.
•Rated for continuous 90°C operation.

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1.2 Principle of Operation
UV Detector – FL3111
The Model FL3111 is a Flame Detector, which contains an ultraviolet phototube that
responds to Ultra-Violet (UV) radiation in the 185 to 260 nanometer region (Figure 2).
When radiation from a flame reaches the cathode plate within the UV detector tube,
electrons are ejected from the cathode plate. These electrons are accelerated towards the
positively charged anode of the tube. They collide with molecules of an ionisable gas, with
which the tube is filled. This emits more electrons and produces an avalanche condition.
More electrons are released which creates a momentary electron flow from the cathode to
the anode. This momentary current (pulse) recurs at a rate proportional to the intensity of
the UV radiation.
The Flame Detectors process these UV signals with a microcomputer and, depending on
the version, produces the following outputs:
•0 to 20 milliampere signal.
•Immediate WARN relay contacts.
•Time delayed ALARM relay contacts.
•FAULT relay contacts.
•RS-485 MODBUS RTU serial communications ports.
(See Sections 2 & 3 for more information on detector outputs)

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Figure 2 Spectral Response of UV and IR Detectors
UV/IR Flame Detector – FL3110
The Model FL3110 is a discriminating UV/IR Detector, which makes use of an ultraviolet
radiation sensitive phototube in addition to an infrared detector (see figure 2). This
combination provides a flame detection system, which is highly immune to false alarms.
The UV portion of the detector, as described in UV Detector, is combined with an infrared
detector, which reacts to changes in the intensity of infrared radiation. By sensing very
specific wavelengths in both the UV and IR spectra and then processing these signals with a
microcomputer, a very high degree of discrimination is achieved.
Incorporated in the IR circuitry is a flicker discrimination circuit. This permits the detector to
ignore steady IR sources such as hot objects. The inherent flickering of flame provides the
necessary modulation to activate the IR circuit.
Since a flame is a copious source of both ultraviolet and infrared radiation, discrimination is
provided when both UV and IR emissions are detected. If only UV is detected, as in the case
of arc welding, no alarm is given. If only IR is detected, such as a large modulating hot
object, no alarm is given. However, if both conditions are met in the correct combination and
intensity, as determined by an algorithm in the microcomputer, a fire is identified and the
alarm outputs are activated.
RelativeEnergy
Ultraviolet Region Visible Region Infrared Region
Sun's Radiation
Reaching the Earth
Wavelength
185nm 260nm 4.35um
IR Detector's
Spectral
SensitivitySensitivity
Spectral
UV Detector's

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COPM Circuitry
A self-testing feature called Continuous Optical Path Monitoring (COPM) checks the optical
path, the detector(s), and the related electronic circuitry once every minute. If foreign
material impairs the optical path of the UV detector tube (both Models FL3110 and FL3111)
or infrared detector (Model FL3110 only) for two consecutive checks, the unit will indicate
FAULT. The optical FAULT outputs are, depending on the version, a 2.0 mA signal or de-
energizing of the FAULT relay. The FAULT status is available via the RS-485 serial
communications port. (see Section 3-6 Terminal Connections). After a COPM FAULT, a
COPM check is performed every ten seconds until the obstruction is removed. Then the
COPM check will resume checking once per minute check.
WARNING – Dirty or partially blocked windows can significantly reduce the detector’s field of
view and detection distance.
NOTE: Since the optical path is checked once per minute and it requires two check failures
to produce a FAULT, it may take up to two minutes for the unit to detect an obstruction.
Alarm Test
The Model FL3110 and FL3111 Flame Detector’s have a built-in Alarm Test feature. This
test may be activated via the serial communications port (see Section 3-6 Terminal
Connections).
The Flame Detectors will immediately go into WARN and then into time delayed ALARM.
After two to ten seconds the Flame Detectors will activate the ALARM. A latching WARN
and/or ALARM will remain latched until reset.
Visual Indicators
Two light emitting diodes (LEDs) are visible through the IR window. LEDs are provided for a
visual indication that corresponds with the detector’s outputs. The following blinking
sequence indicates the operating condition:
•Timeout (10 seconds when the unit is first powered) – Green and red LEDs blinking
alternately.
•Ready – Green LED that flashes off 1 second, every 5 seconds.
•WARNING – Slow blinking red LED.
•ALARM – Fast blinking red LED.
•COPM FAULT – Slow blinking green LED.
•Low Voltage FAULT – Fast blinking green LED.

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2.0 Specifications
2.1 System Specifications
Certification*:
EExed – IIC T4 T135 -40ºC to +90ºC (-40ºF to +194ºF)
EExed – IIC T5 T100 -40ºC to +75ºC (-40ºF to +167ºF)
IP66/67
FL3110 only: Bureau Veritas Rules for the Classification of Steel Ships
EN54-10:2002 (4-20mA – only, Relays and Relays + EOL versions)
IR Detector centre wavelength:
4.35 microns
UV Detector Pass Band:
185 to 260 nanometres
Typical Alarm Activation Response Times*:
FL3110< 3 sec. @ 50 ft. (15.2m)
FL3111< 1 sec. @ 50 ft. (15.2m)
Minimum Detector Response Times:
FL3110< 500 ms.
FL3111< 100 ms.
Field of View*: (Figure 3-A)
FL3110 120°maximum conical
FL3111 120°maximum conical
Sensitivity:
50 feet (15.2m); Maximum distance for a 1 square foot (.092m2) gasoline fire to be
reliably detected.
Maximum Cable Parameters:
4-20mA Output Signal
9000 feet (2750 m), maximum 50 Ohms loop, with maximum 250 Ohms input
impedance of readout unit.
Remote power supply
3000 feet (930 m), maximum 20 Ohms loop and 24 VDC minimum. (See Section 3-
4 Terminal Connections)
Approvals:
ATEX & CE Mark
FL3110 only: Bureau Veritas
Warranty:
Two Years
* NOTE:
1. Response Times and Field of View data have been derived by testing the Models
FL3110 /FL3111 Flame Detectors with a 1 square foot gasoline fire. One cup of
unleaded gasoline on top of a one inch layer of water was ignited for each test. These
are typical values and different results may occur depending on the variation of each fire.
2. To meet the directional dependence requirements of EN 54-10 the horizontal viewing
angle must not exceed ±30°.

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2.2 Mechanical Specifications
Enclosure material
Material: Stainless Steel 316
Colour: Natural
Dimensions:
Diameter 3.3 in (8.4 cm)
Length 5.4 in (13.7 cm)
Weight 5lbs (2.3 kg)
Cable Entries: 2 x M20
2.3 Electrical Specifications
Supply voltage range: 20 to 36 VDC
Nominal supply voltage: 24VDC
Maximum supply current: 150mA
Maximum output signal
Load @ 24 VDC: 600 Ohms
Output signal range: 0 to 20mA
FAULT signal: 0 to 0.2mA
COPM fault signal: 2.0mA ±0.2 mA
Ready signal: 4.0 ±0.2 mA
WARN signal: 16.0 ±0.2 mA
ALARM signal: 20.0 ±0.2 mA
Relay Contact Ratings:
1A MAX @ 30VRMS/42.2 VPK,
Resistive.
RS-485 Serial Communications Port:
Modbus RTU Protocol
128 units MAX. (247 units with repeaters)
Baud Rate: 2400, 4800, 9600 or 19200
RFI/EMI Protection
Complies with EN50270, Type 2
Status Indicator:
Two LEDs indicate status, fault conditions.

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2.4 Environmental Specifications
Operating temperature range: -40°C to 90°C
-40°F to 194°F
Storage temperature range: -40°C to 90°C
-40°F to 194°F
Humidity range: 0 to 100% RH
non-condensing
2.5 Modbus RTU Protocol
For detailed information on data format, read commands, write commands, register details,
and register locations refer to the Serial Communications section in this manual.

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3.0 Installation
WARNING - Installation and Maintenance must be carried out by suitably skilled and
competent personnel only.
3.1 Upon Receipt of Your Equipment
All items shipped by General Monitors are packed in shock absorbing containers which
affords a considerable degree of protection against physical damage. When received, the
contents should be carefully removed and checked against the enclosed packing slip. All
subsequent correspondence with General Monitors must specify the equipment part number
and serial number.
3.2 Choosing Detector Locations
Several variables are involved in selecting the locations in which to install detectors to
ensure proper flame detection. There are no hard and fast rules defining the optimum
location. There are some general suggestions that should be considered in regard to
particular conditions at the site where the unit(s) is being installed:
Detector Field of View
Each Model FL3110 and FL3111 Flame Detector have a maximum cone of vision of 120º.
This Cone has its vertex at the center of the detector (see figure 3A-1, 3A-2, and 3A-3).
Optical Sensitivity Range
The distance at which the detector will respond to a flame is a function of the intensity of that
flame. The maximum distance is 50 feet (15.2m) for a gasoline fire with a surface area of 1
square foot (0.92m2).

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Environmental Factors
1. Mounting should be as free from shock and vibration as possible and convenient for
visual inspection and cleaning.
2. Detectors mounted in dirty atmospheric conditions will require more frequent inspection,
cleaning, and sensitivity checking.
3. Observe the ambient temperature range for the specific model (see section 2-4
Environmental Specifications). For outdoor installations or other areas exposed to
intense, direct solar radiation, the detector may reach temperatures well above
specifications. For this condition, a cover for shade may be required to bring the
detector temperature within specifications. As with any cover or object nearby, make
sure the field-of-view of the detector is not obstructed.
4. Avoid conditions of ice build up on the optical detector windows: complete icing over of
the detector windows can result in fault conditions.
5. Mount away from possible sources of electrical noise.
6. A constant UV source detected by the unit will cause the FL3110 unit to go into FAULT
after 9-10 minutes of exposure. Source must be removed or detector repositioned. (UV
detectors can pick-up arc welding up to 2-3 miles away).
7. Users should be aware that any UV detector may be triggered by other sources of EMI,
for instance X-rays, sunlight, reflected sunlight, Gamma rays, lightning, arc welding,
industrial lighting, fluorescent lighting, etc., and due regard should be paid to the
possible presence of such radiation.
3.3 Detector Installation
The Model FL3110/3111 Detectors should be mounted tilting downwards so that
dust/moisture will not accumulate on the windows. (The detector(s) should be mounted in
locations which will avoid either people or objects from obscuring the detector’s Cone of
Vision.)
Cable glands and stopping plugs should be installed with the o-rings supplied with the flame
detector. It is recommended to fit boots over cable glands to prevent water ingress at the
cable-to-gland junction.
Mounting hardware should be used as shown in figure 3-B. The overall dimensions of the
detector and mounting hardware is also shown.

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3.4 Interconnecting Cable Guidelines
•The flame detector requires an interconnecting cable with an overall screen (shield)
and armour. Cables to BS5308 Part 2, Type 2 or equivalent are suitable.
•Interconnecting cables should be segregated from power and other “noisy” cables.
Avoid proximity to cables associated with radio transmitters, welders, switched mode
power supplies, inverters, battery chargers, ignition systems, generators, switch gear,
arc lights and other high frequency or high power switching process equipment. In
general, maintain a separation of at least 1m between instrument and other cables.
Greater separation is required where long parallel cable runs are unavoidable. Avoid
running instrument cable trenches close to lightning conductors earthing pits.
•Complete all cable insulation tests before connecting the cable at either end.
•General Monitors do not recommend the use of cable shoes or crimps on any junction
box or housing wiring terminals. Poor crimping can cause bad connection when unit
experiences temperature variations. We therefore recommend that it is good practice to
just terminate the cable.
3.5 Installation Instructions
3.5.1 FL3110/3111 Cable Termination
•The flame detector should be installed in accordance with the certification
documents and the relevant regulations of the country concerned.
•Ensure that approved Exe cable glands are used and installed according to the
manufacturer’s instructions.
•The cable armour must be terminated in the gland to ensure a positive electrical
connection.
•The cable screens (drain wires) must not be connected electrically to the
electronic circuitry of the flame detector.
•Connect Safety Earth to the chassis grounding screw available on the rear
exterior of the base assembly. This Safety Earth wire should have a wire gauge
of at least 22 AWG (0.33mm2) and be no longer than 3 meters in length.
3.5.2 Cable Termination in Safe Area
•The cable armour must be connected to Safety Earth.
•The cable screens (drain wire) and power supply return (OV) must be
connected to Instrument Earth.
•The power supply or power distribution system employed should meet the
requirements of EN50081- 1/2 and EN60101-1.

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FL3110 Horizontal Field of View
ft
10 ft
20 ft
30 ft
40 ft
50 ft 015 30
45
60-60
-45
-30 -15
FL3110 100% Horizontal
FL3110 75% Horizontal
FL3110 50% Horizontal
Figure 3A-1 FL3110 Horizontal Field of View
FL3110 Vertical Field of View
ft
10 ft
20 ft
30 ft
40 ft
50 ft
-60
-45
-30
-15
0
15
30
45
60
FL3110 100% Vertical
FL3110 75% Vertical
FL3110 50% Vertical
Figure 3A-2 FL3110 Vertical Field of View

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FL3111 Horizontial Field of View
ft
10 ft
20 ft
30 ft
40 ft
50 ft 015 30
45
60-60
-45
-30 -15
FL3111 100% Horizontal
FL3111 75% Horizontal
FL3111 50% Horizontal
Figure 3A-3 FL3111 Horizontal Field of View
FL3111 Vertical Field of View
ft
10 ft
20 ft
30 ft
40 ft
50 ft
-60
-45
-30
-15
0
15
30
45 60
FL3111 100% Vertical
FL3111 75% Vertical
FL3111 50% Vertical
Figure 3A-4 FL3111 Vertical Field of View

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Figure 3-B Outline Drawing

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Figure 3-C Base Assembly with Terminal Block
3.6 Terminal Connections
The Terminal Block is located on the Base Assembly (See figure 3-C) and accepts 12
AWG (3.31 mm2) to 22 AWG (0.33 mm2) stranded or solid core wire. Each wire should be
stripped as shown in figure 3-D.
Figure 3-D Strip Length
Four of the six positions on the terminal block have functions which depend on the
FL3110/3111 version selected. The remaining two positions are reserved for the power
connections.
Figure 3-C outlines the terminal block connections by version.
On both this and the following pages is a description and specification for each of the
signals shown in figure 3-C.