Globalstar ST100 User manual

GLOBALSTAR PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION
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document.
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GLOBALSTAR PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION
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Version: 0.8
Date: June 18, 2020
Document number: TBD
Globalstar, Inc.
1351 Holiday Square Blvd.
Covington, LA70433 USA
Copyright © Globalstar Inc., 2020.
All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America.
Distribution Statements:
GLOBALSTAR CONFIDENTIAL AND PROPRIETARY INFORMATION –All data and information contained in this document
are confidential and proprietary to Globalstar, Inc. and shall be handled in accordance with the Non-Disclosure
Agreement executed between the parties and Globalstar.
WARNING –This document may contain technical data whose export is restricted by the Export Administration Act of
1979, as amended, Title 50, U.S.C., App 2401 et seq. Violations of these export laws are subject to severe criminal
penalties. Disseminate only in accordance with such export laws.
Destruction Notice –Destroy by any method that will prevent disclosure of contents or reconstruction of the document.

GLOBALSTAR PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION
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document.
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Table of Contents
Foreward (TBD)....................................................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
List of Tables (TBD) ................................................................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
List of Figures (TBD)................................................................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.
1 Introduction..................................................................................................................................................................8
1.1 Purpose................................................................................................................................................................. 8
1.2 Applicable Documents ..........................................................................................................................................8
1.3 Description............................................................................................................................................................ 8
1.4 Certifications (TBD) ............................................................................................................................................... 9
2 Application.................................................................................................................................................................... 9
2.1 Theory of Operation for Globalstar Simplex ......................................................................................................... 9
2.2 ST100 Functional States (TBD) ............................................................................................................................ 13
2.3 Safety Considerations (TBD).................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.4 Block Diagram ..................................................................................................................................................... 13
2.5 Handling of Electrostatic Sensitive Devices......................................................................................................... 13
2.6 Wiring ................................................................................................................................................................. 14
2.7 Noise Sources...................................................................................................................................................... 14
2.8 Obstructions ....................................................................................................................................................... 14
2.9 PCB Antenna (TBD) ............................................................................................................................................. 14
2.10 External Connections .......................................................................................................................................... 15
2.10.1 External Antenna Option............................................................................................................................. 15
2.10.2 Battery ........................................................................................................................................................ 16
2.10.3 Solar Panel .................................................................................................................................................. 17
2.10.4 14 Pin Connector......................................................................................................................................... 18
2.11 Power Performance Characteristics (TBD) .............................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.12 Accelerometer (TBD)............................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
3 General Specifications ................................................................................................................................................ 19
4 Application Programming Interface............................................................................................................................ 20
4.1 ASCII Command List and Format......................................................................................................................... 20
4.1.1 ASCII Format ............................................................................................................................................... 20

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4.1.1.1 “?”........................................................................................................................................................... 20
4.1.1.2 “esn” ....................................................................................................................................................... 21
4.1.1.3 “data”...................................................................................................................................................... 21
4.1.1.4 “abort” .................................................................................................................................................... 22
4.1.1.5 “bursts”................................................................................................................................................... 22
4.1.1.6 “hardware” .............................................................................................................................................22
4.1.1.7 “firmware” ..............................................................................................................................................22
4.1.1.8 “setup”.................................................................................................................................................... 23
4.1.1.9 “raw”....................................................................................................................................................... 24
4.1.1.10 “bpm”.................................................................................................................................................. 24
4.1.1.11 “auth”.................................................................................................................................................. 25
4.2 Binary Serial Packet Commands.......................................................................................................................... 25
4.2.1 Serial Packet Format ................................................................................................................................... 26
4.2.2 Serial Packet Command List ........................................................................................................................ 26
4.2.2.1 Send Data (0x00)..................................................................................................................................... 26
4.2.2.2 Query Electronic Serial Number (ESN) (0x01) ......................................................................................... 27
4.2.2.3 Abort Transmission (0x03) ...................................................................................................................... 27
4.2.2.4 Query Bursts Remaining (0x04)...............................................................................................................27
4.2.2.5 Query Firmware Version (0x05) ..............................................................................................................29
4.2.2.6 Setup (0x06)............................................................................................................................................ 29
4.2.2.7 Query Setup (0x07) ................................................................................................................................. 30
4.2.2.8 Query Hardware Version (0x09)..............................................................................................................31
4.2.2.9 Set GPS Timeout command..................................................................................................................... 31
4.2.2.10 Get GPS Timeout query....................................................................................................................... 32
4.2.2.11 “SPOT GEN3 emulation. ...................................................................................................................... 33
4.2.2.12 Special consideration for "Byte 7" in the next several commands. ..................................................... 33
4.2.2.13 “Proprietary Track” command ............................................................................................................ 34
4.2.2.14 “Proprietary Motion Activated Track” command................................................................................ 36
4.2.2.15 “Proprietary Motion Activated Dock Mode Track” command............................................................. 38
4.2.2.16 “Update Proprietary Track Data” command ....................................................................................... 39

GLOBALSTAR PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION
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4.2.2.17 “Cancel Proprietary Track/Proprietary Motion Activated Track” command .......................................40
4.2.2.18 “Proprietary Track Status” query ........................................................................................................ 41
4.2.2.19 "Tracking Statistics" query .................................................................................................................. 43
4.2.2.20 "GPS Statistics" query.......................................................................................................................... 45
4.2.2.21 "Transmitter Statistics" query. ............................................................................................................ 47
4.2.2.22 “Send Redundant Burst with GPS” command ..................................................................................... 48
4.2.2.23 “Query Location” command................................................................................................................ 49
4.2.2.24 “Set Lifetime” command ..................................................................................................................... 51
4.2.2.25 “Query Lifetime Status” command...................................................................................................... 53
4.2.2.26 "Set Minimum Track Rate" command ................................................................................................. 54
4.2.2.27 "Query Minimum Track Rate" ............................................................................................................. 55
4.2.2.28 "Suspend/Unsuspend" command ....................................................................................................... 56
4.2.2.29 Suspended State query ....................................................................................................................... 56
4.2.2.30 "Set Low Battery Rate" command....................................................................................................... 57
4.2.2.31 "Query Low Battery Rate" ................................................................................................................... 58
4.2.2.32 “Turn On GPS” command.................................................................................................................... 59
4.2.2.33 “Turn OFF GPS” command .................................................................................................................. 60
4.2.2.34 “Turn On GPS Pass-through” command.............................................................................................. 60
4.2.2.35 “Turn Off GPS Pass-through” command.............................................................................................. 61
4.3 ST100 BOARD Serial Test Command ................................................................................................................... 63
4.3.1 “Self Test” command .................................................................................................................................. 63
4.4 Bootloading. Field update of device firmware .................................................................................................... 64
4.4.1 Nordic nRF52832 firmware update via bootloader (“Buttonless” DFU)...................................................... 64
4.4.2 ON AX50324 firmware update via serial bootloader................................................................................... 64
4.4.2.1 0x60 “Enter Bootloader Command”........................................................................................................ 64
4.4.2.2 0x61 “Flash One Line” ............................................................................................................................. 65
4.4.2.3 0x62 “Enter Application”......................................................................................................................... 69
4.4.2.4 0x63 “Status Query”................................................................................................................................ 70
4.4.3 JTAG programming adaptor. ....................................................................................................................... 71
4.4.4 Nordic low-level load via JTAG .................................................................................................................... 72

GLOBALSTAR PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION
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4.4.5 ON AX50324 low-level load via AXSEM proprietary programming interface. .............................................72
4.5 Example CRC calculation routines for serial packets........................................................................................... 72
4.6 24-bit location format......................................................................................................................................... 75
4.6.1 CALCULATING LATITUDE ............................................................................................................................. 75
4.6.2 CALCULATING LONGITUDE.......................................................................................................................... 75
4.7 Flash Memory Map (TBD) ................................................................................................................................... 76
5 Test Modes ................................................................................................................................................................. 76
5.1 Hardwired Method ............................................................................................................................................. 76
5.2 Soft Command Method....................................................................................................................................... 77
5.2.1 Step 1: Enable the regulatory test modes. .................................................................................................. 77
5.2.2 Step 2: Set the channel that you wish to perform the test on. ................................................................... 78
5.2.3 Step 3: Start the desired mode. .................................................................................................................. 78
5.2.4 Step 4: Disable the test commands.............................................................................................................78
5.2.5 Step 5: Restore the desired setup. .............................................................................................................. 78
6 GENERAL WARNINGS.................................................................................................................................................. 79
7 ANTENNA TUNING GUIDANCE.................................................................................................................................... 80
7.1 Link Budget (TBD).................................................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
7.2 GPS / Satellite Antenna Tuning ........................................................................................................................... 80
7.3 Bluetooth Antenna tuning .................................................................................................................................. 86
8 Globalstar Certification Process for Customer Products............................................................................................. 88
9 REGULATORY APPROVAL ............................................................................................................................................ 88
9.1 Radio Astronomy Site Avoidance ........................................................................................................................ 88
9.2 Regulatory Notices.............................................................................................................................................. 88
10 ACRONYM LIST............................................................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

GLOBALSTAR PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION
Use or disclosure of data contained on this sheet is subject to the restrictions in the Distribution Statements on the title page of this
document.
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Distribution Statements:
GLOBALSTAR CONFIDENTIAL AND PROPRIETARY INFORMATION –All data and information contained in this document
are confidential and proprietary to Globalstar, Inc.
WARNING –This document may contain technical data whose export is restricted by the Export Administration Act of
1979, as amended, Title 50, U.S.C., App 2401 et seq. Violations of these export laws are subject to severe criminal
penalties. Disseminate only in accordance with such export laws.
Destruction Notice –Destroy by any method that will prevent disclosure of contents or reconstruction of the document.
Globalstar reserves the right to make changes in technical and product specifications without prior notice.
Copyright©2020 Globalstar®Incorporated.
All rights reserved.
Globalstar®is a registered trademark of Globalstar Incorporated.
All other trademarks and registered trademarks are properties of their respective owners.
Printed in the United States of America

GLOBALSTAR PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION
Use or disclosure of data contained on this sheet is subject to the restrictions in the Distribution Statements on the title page of this
document.
06/18/20 Subject to Change without Notice P a g e | 8
1Introduction
1.1 Purpose
This document describes the physical, electrical, and functional characteristics of the ST100 satellite transmitter
module with Bluetooth Low Energy. The information contained in this document is intended to provide the
VAR/Integrator with the necessary technical information required to configure and use the module in a custom
application.
This document is intended to be used by engineers and technical management and assumes a general knowledge of
basic engineering practices by the user. Please note that Globalstar is only responsible for ensuring that the ST100
Module meets the published manufacturing specifications described herein.
1.2 Applicable Documents
GS–02-0795 - Simplex Antenna Specification and Test Procedure
GS–07–1247 System Description and Application Note
GS–07–1248 - Remote Telemetry Service Frequency Plan for Simplex Transmitters
Wikipedia article on Intel Hex format: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel_HEX
NMEA-0183 rev. 3.0 Specification.
FCC Guidance for use of Radio Modules: KDB996369 D03 and Do4
1.3 Description
The ST100 board is a simplex Satellite transmitter designed to send small packets of user defined data to a network
of low earth orbiting (LEO) satellites using the Globalstar simplex satellite network. The received data is then
forwarded to a user defined network interface that may be in the form of an FTP host or HTTP host where the user
will interpret the data for further processing. The ST100 board must be powered by a battery, or line-powered by a
DC source. The ST100 Board features a solar charging circuit that allows battery charging from an attached solar
panel. The unit will not power from a solar panel alone, without a battery.
The ST100 board contains a satellite transmitter, GPS receiver, motion sensor, Bluetooth Low Energy transceiver,
solar charger, and printed circuit antennas for each of the radio subsystems. The ST100 board has u.FL connectors
on the outputs of the Bluetooth transceiver and GPS receiver / satellite transmitter, which give the user the option
to use external antennas. The ST100 board also has the option for the user to use an external serial port.

GLOBALSTAR PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION
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Under VAR setup and configuration, and normal use by the end user, communication with the device is via a
Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) GATT/Modem interface with a mixture of ASCII and binary command/query protocols.
The ST100 Board is a small, low-profile device with the dimensions shown below:
Figure 1 Board Physical Dimensions
1.4 Certifications
Bluetooth LE
RoHS
WEEE
2Application
2.1 Theory of Operation for Globalstar Simplex
The ST100 Board operates on the Globalstar LEO satellite network. LEO (Low Earth Orbit) means that there are a
number of satellites in low earth orbit that constantly orbit the planet and can communicate with Globalstar devices
that are within range of its current position.

GLOBALSTAR PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION
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Figure 2 LEO Constellation
Since the satellite position is constantly changing, simplex devices on the ground will transmit (with no knowledge of
any of the satellites locations) and the transmission may be received by one or more satellites. These satellites will then
relay the message to the nearest satellite gateway as shown below. Once received by the satellite gateway, the simplex
message will be delivered to the simplex gateway where redundant messages are discarded and the data from the
message is sent to the OEM via the Internet.
Figure 3 Simplex Messaging
Messages are composed of 1 or more 9-byte payloads. The user application may send a message via the Bluetooth Low
Energy interface to the ST100 board from 1 to 144 bytes in length. The ST100 board will break the message into 9 byte
packets. A 144 byte message would be broken into 16 packets.
INTERNET
T
Satellite Gateways
VAR, VAM
Simplex Transmitter
Simplex Gateway