GSHK 6K-15K User manual

User Manual
GS Holding GmbH
Applicable model: 6K-15K
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Contents
Forward - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1
Application Model - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -1
Intended Audience - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1
Symbol Conventions - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2
1 Safety Precautions - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3
1.1 Personnel Safety- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -3
1.2 PV Inverter Protection- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3
1.3 Installation Safety- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3
1.4 Electrical Connections - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4
1.5 Operating and Commissioning- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4
1.6 Maintenance - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4
1.7 Additional Information- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5
2 Overview of the Inverter - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6
2.1 Functional Models- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6
2.1.1 Function - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6
2.1.2 Model Description - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6
2.2 Network Application- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6
2.2.1 Grid-tied PV power Systems - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6
2.3 Outline and Dimensions- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 7
2.3.1 Dimensions - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 7
2.3.2 Outline - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 8
2.4 Working Process - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 9
2.4.1 Basic principal Description - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 9
2.4.2 Circuit Diagrams - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 9
2.5 Working Modes - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 10
3 Storage - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 11
4 Installation - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -12
4.1 Checking the Outer Packing - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 12
4.2 Moving the inverter - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 13
4.3 Identify the PV Inverter - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -13
4.3.1 Nameplate - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -13
4.3.2 Compliance and Safety Symbols - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -14
4.3 Identify the PV Inverter - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 13
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4.4 Installation Requirements - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 14
4.4.1 Determining the Installation Position - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 14
4.4.2 Installation Mode Requirements - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 18
4.5 Wall-mounting the Inverter - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 18
5 Electrical Connections - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 22
5.1 Connecting Protection Ground (PGND) Cables- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 22
5.1.1 Preparation- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 22
5.1.2 Wiring Procedures- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 23
5.2 Connecting AC Output Cables- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 24
5.2.1 Preparation- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -24
5.2.2 Procedure of Connecting AC Cables - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -25
5.3 Connecting the PV Strings- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -27
5.3.1 Preparation- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -28
5.4 Connecting Communications Cables- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 31
5.4.1 Communications Mode Description- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -31
5.4.2 Connecting RS485 Communications Cables- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 33
5.4.3 Setting RS485 Communications Address- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 34
5.5 Installation Verification - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 27
6 System Operation - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 36
6.1 Powering ON the Inverter- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 36
6.2 Powering OFF the Inverter- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 36
7 User Interface- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 37
8 Maintenance- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 41
8.1 Routine Maintenance- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 41
8.2 Inverter warning and exception handling- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 42
8.3 Removing the Inverter- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -44
9 Quality Guarantee - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -46
9.1 Quality Terms - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -46
9.2 Liability Waiver - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 46
10 Disposal of the Inverter - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -47
11 Technical Specifications - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 48
User Manual - Contents

Forward
Dear User,
Thank you so much for your choosing 6K-15K, the latest generation of grid-tied PV Strings inverter (herein after referred to as
the inverter) designed and developed by Group Solar.
This user manual introduces the inverter in terms of i ts installation, electrical connections, operation, commissioning,
maintenance, and troubleshooting. Please read through the manual carefully before installing and using the inverter, and keep
the manual well for future reference.
Application Model
Grid-tied PV string inverter
• 6K/8K/10K
• 12K/15K
Intended Audience
This user manual is intended for photovoltaic (PV) inverter operating personnel and qualified electrical technicians.
Notes:
This user manual is subject to change (specific please in kind prevail) without prior notice. The latest version of user
manual and other more information about the product are available from http:/ /www.groupgshk.com, and/or by
consulting your dealer.
User Manual - Forward
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Symbol Conventions
Safety symbols used in this manual, which highlight potential safety risks and important safety information, are listed as follows:
Symbol Description
&
DANGER
&
WARNING
&
CAUTION
&
NOTICE
D
NOTE

Indicates an imminently hazardous situation which, if not correctly followed, will result in
serious injury or death.
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not correctly followed, could result in
serious injury or death.
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not correctly followed, could result in
moderate or minor injury.
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not correctly followed, could result in
equipment failure to run, or property damage.
Calls attention to important information, best practices and tips: supplement additional
safety instructions for your better use of the PV inverter to reduce the waste of your
resource.
Refer to documentation (Remind operators to refer to the documentation shipped with the
inverter).
2
REFER
User Manual - Forward
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1 Safety Precautions
Before beginning your journey, please read these safety precautions in User Manual carefully.
1.1 Personnel Safety
a. The PV inverter must be installed, electronically connected, operated and maintained through specially trained technician;
b. The qualified technician must be familiar with the safety regulations of electrical system, working process of PV power
generation system, and standards of local power grid;
c. The technician must read th rough this User Manual carefully and master it before any operation.
1.2 The PV Inverter Protection
& NOTICE
As soon as receiving the PV inverter, please check if it is damaged during its transportation. If
yes, please contact your dealer immediately
a. Do not tamper with any warning signs on the inverter enclosure because these signs contain important information about safe
operation.
b. Do not remove or damage the nameplate on the inverter's enclosure because it contains important product information.
c. Do not remove the anti-dismantle label on the inverter's enclosure because it is the basis for product warranty.
1.3 Installation Safety
& NOTICE
Please read the User Manual carefully before installing the PV inverter; warranty or liability will
be void from Group Solar if damage is caused by installation faults.
a. Ensure there is no electronical connections around ports of the PV inverter before installing;
b. Adequate ventilation must be provided for inverter installation location. Mount the inverter in vertical direction, and ensure
that no object is put on the heat sink affecting the cooling. (For details, refer to Chapter 4 Installation)
3
User Manual - Safety Precautions
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1.4 Electrical Connections
Before installing the inverter, check all electrical ports to ensure no damage and no
short circuit. Otherwise personal casualty and/or fire will occur.
& DANGER
a. Input terminals of the PV inverter apply only to input terminals of PV String; do not connect any other DC source to the input
terminals.
b. Before connecting PV modules, ensure that is its voltage is within the safe range; when exposed to any sunlight, PV modules
can generate high voltage.
c. All electrical connections must meet the electrical standards of the country or region.
d. Cables used in electrical connections must be well fixed, good insulation, and with appropriate specification.
1.5 Operating and Commissioning
& DANGER
While the inverter operating, high voltage can lead to an electrical shock hazard, and even
cause personal casualties. Therefore, operate the PV inverter strictly according to the safety
precautions in the user manual.
a. Before getting the permission of electrical power sector in the country/ region, the grid-tied PV inverter cannot start generate
power.
b. Follow the procedures of commissioning described in the user manual when commissioning the PV inverter.
c. Do not touch any other parts'surface except the DC switch when the PV inverter is operating; its partial parts will be extremely
hot and can cause burns.
1.6 Maintenance
& DANGER
4
Power OFF all electrical terminals before the inverter maintenance; strictly comply with the
safety precautions in this document when operating the inverter.
User Manual - Safety Precautions
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a. For personal safety, maintenance personnel must wear appropriate personal protective equipment (like insulation
gloves and protective shoes) for the inverter maintenance.
b. Place temporary warning signs or erect fences to prevent unauthorized access to the maintenance site.
c. Follow the procedures of maintenance stipulated in the manual strictly.
d. Check the relevant safety and performance of the inverter; rectify any faults that may compromise the inverter security
performance before restarting the inverter.
1.7 Additional Information
&
NOTICE To avoid any other unforeseeable risk, contact Group Solar immediately, if there is any issue
found during operation.
5
User Manual - Safety Precautions
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2 Overview of the Inverter
This chapter introduces the inverter and describes its functional model, network application, appearance, dimensions, and
working process etc.
2.1 Functional Models
2.1.1 Function
This series is a three-phase grid-tied PV string inverter (transformer less) that converts the DC power generated by PV strings into
AC power and feeds the power into power grid.
The inverter is transformer less. Add an isolation transformer before grounding the
positive/ negative terminal of PV modules (like Thin Film module) for operation.
 WARNING
 WARNING Do not connect PV modules in parallel to several PV inverters for operation.
2.1.2 Model Description
Figure 2.1 shows a model number of the inverter, using 6K as an example.
[
6K
 Power class code
l
Figure 2.1 Model number descriptions
2.2 Network Application
2.2.1 Grid-tied PV Power Systems
This series inverter applies to grid-tied PV power systems for industrial/commercial rooftops, fishing/farmers light complementary
power generation systems, and large ground-based power stations. Generally, these series inverters are used to low-voltage grid-
tied PV power system, as shown in Figure 2.2.
6
User Manual - Overview of the Inverter
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PV strings
inverter
AC Distribution Unit low-voltage power grid
Figure 2.2 a low-voltage grid-tied PV power system
These series inverters support TN-S, TN-C, and TT power grids as shown in Figure 2.3.
Transformer Transformer Transformer



PEN
TN-S TN-C TN-C-S TT
Figure 2.3 Power grids supported by these series i nverters
2.3 Outline and Dimensions
2.3.1 Dimensions
Figure 2.4 shows the dimensions of the inverter as follows:

385
.


V -
Figure 2.4 The dimensions of the inverter by front & lateral views (unit: mm)
7
User Manual - Overview of the Inverter
Transformer
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2.3.2 Outline
Figures 2.5 to 2.7 shows the outline of inverter as follows:
1. PV Indicator
2. Grid Indicator
3. COM Indicator
4. Warning Indicator
5. LCD (optional)
Figure 2.5 The front view and amplification effect of LED indicator area
Mounting bracket
Figure 2.6 The rear view of this series inverter
1. DC isolation breaker
2. PV Strings connectors
3. Communications interface
4. RS485
5. AC OUTPUT CONNECTORS
6. External Protection Ground interface
7. Vent valve
Figure 2.7 The bottom view of this series inverter
8
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2.4 Working Process
2.4.1 Basic Principle Description
6K/8K/10K/12K/15K receive inputs from PV strings through DC switch and surge protection in order: there are 2 groups of PV strings
input terminals on DC input terminal of 6K/8K/1 OK; there are 3 groups of PV strings input terminals on 12K/15K with the 2nd and
3rd routes terminals merging into one independent MPPT. Then the inputs are grouped into two MPPT routes inside the inverter to
track the maximum power point of the PV strings. These two MPPT power is then converted into DC Bus which is then converted to
AC power through an inverter circuit. Finally the converted AC power is fed to the Power grid through the inverter. Surge protection
and EMI filter are supported on both the DC and AC sides to reduce electromagnetic interference.
2.4.2 Circuit Diagrams
Figure 2.8 shows the circuit diagram for 6K/8K/10K.
+




l
DC surge protector AC surge protector
Figure 2.8 circuit diagram
9
PV DC
Switch
DC
EMI
Filter
1
MPPT
Route1
MPPT
Route2
Inverter circuit
AC EMI Filter
Relay
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Figure 2.9 shows the circuit diagram for 12K/15K.
+




l�
•[ :
Figure 2.9 circuit diagram
2.5 Working Modes
Three working modes of the inverter are shown as follows: standby, operating, and shutdown. Table 2.1 shows the conditions
for the inverter to switch between working modes.
Modes
Standby
Operating
Shutdown
Description
The PV inverter enters the standby mode when
> the input voltage of PV Strings can enable auxiliary power supply to run,
but cannot meet the inverter operation requirements.
> the input voltage of PV Strings can meet the inverter to-start requirements,
but cannot meet its minimum power requirements.
When the PV inverter is grid-tied and generates electricity, it
> tracks the maximum power point to maximize the PV String output.
> converts DC power from PV strings into AC power and feeds the power
to the power grid.
The PV inverter will enter to the shutdown mode if detecting a fault or a shutdown command.
The PV inverter switches from standby or operating mode to shutdown mode if detecting a fault
or a shutdown command.
The inverter switches from shutdown mode to standby mode if receiving a Startup command or
detecting that a fault is rectified.
Table 2.1 Working modes description
10
User Manual - Overview of the Inverter
PV DC
Switch
DC
EMI
Filter
1
MPPT
Route1
MPPT
Route2
Inverter circuit
AC EMI Filter
Relay
AC surge protector
DC surge protector
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3 Storage
11
User Manual - Storage
This chapter describes the storage requirements for the inverter.
The following storage instructions apply if the PV inverter will not be deployed immediately:
>Do not unpack the inverter (put desiccant in the original box if the PV inverter is unpacked).
>Store the PV inverter at a temperature range of -40℃ to +70℃ and with the relative humidity of 0% to 100% (no condensing).
>The PV inverter should be stored in a clean and dry place and be protected from dust and water vapor corrosion.
>A maximum of six layers of inverters can be stacked.
>Do not position the inverter at a front tilt, excessive back tilt, or side tilt, or upside down.
>Conduct periodic inspection during storage. Replace the packing materials immediately if any rodent bites are found.
>Ensure that qualified personnel inspect and test the inverter before use if it has been stored for a long time.
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4 Installation
&
DANGER
&
CAUTION
Do not install the inverter on flammable building materials or in an area that stores flammable
or explosive materials.
Do not install the inverter in a place where personnel are likely to come into contact with its
enclosure and heat sinks to avoid electrical shock/ burn.
4.1 Checking the Outer Packing
a. When receiving the inverter, check that the packing materials are intact.
b. After unpacking, check that the deliverables are complete, intact, and consistent with your order list.
c. Examine the PV inverter and its fittings for damage such as scraps and cracks.

r� 
   
 
I
�,
 �a 
  
Items Deliverables
A
The inverter
B Rear panel
C File package
D DC terminal connector group
E
screw
F Bolt group
(reserved for tighteningthe support and rear panel)
Figures 4.1 The deliverables: The inverter and its fittings
12
User Manual - Installation
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& NOTICE If any damage mentioned above is found, contact the dealer immediately.
4.2 Moving the inverter
After checking the outer packing, move the PV inverter to the designated installation position horizontally. Hold the handles
on both sides of the inverter, as shown in Figure 4.2.
Figure 4.2 Moving the inverter
& CAUTION The inverter is relatively heavy! To prevent device damage and personal injury, arrange two
people to move the inverter and handle with care.
> Do not place the PV inverter with its wiring terminals contacting the
& CAUTION
floor because the power ports and signal ports at the bottom of the device are not
designed to support the weight of the inverter.
> When placing the inverter on the floor horizontally, put foam or
paper under to protect its enclosure.
4.3 Identify the PV Inverter
4.3.1 Nameplate
After moving the PV inverter from packing box, identify it by reading its nameplate labeled on the side of the inverter. The
nameplate contains important product information: the model information, communications/ technical specifications, and
compliance symbols.
13
User Manual - Installation
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4.3.2 Compliance and Safety Symbols
Safety symbol Description
Electrical shock!
There are residual voltages in the PV inverter. It needs 10 minutes to finish discharge.
The PV inverter must not be touched when in operation. Its enclosure and heat sinks are
extremely hot.
Electrical shock! This part is charged. Only qualified and I or trained electrical technicians are
allowed to perform operations on the inverter
If the inverter service life has expired, dispose ii in accordance with local rules for disposal of
electrical equipment waste. Do not dispose the PV inverter with household garbage.
The PV inverter is compliant with TUV.
4.4 Installation Requirements
According to installation position, one kind of physical installation is described below in detail: wall-mounting.
4.4.1 Determining the Installation Position
14
User Manual - Installation
Basic Requirements
a. The inverter is protected to IP65 and can be installed indoors or outdoors.
b. The installation method and position must be appropriate for the weight and dimensions of the inverter.
c. Do not install the inverter in a place where personnel are likely to come into contact with its enclosure and heat sinks because
these parts are extremely hot during operation.
d. Do not install the inverter in an area that stores flammable or explosive materials.
a. The ambient temperature must be below 50℃ to ensure the inverter’s optimal operation
and extend its service life.
Installation Environment Requirements
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  

the front view the lateral view
Figure 4.3 Installation environment with awning (unit: mm)
15
User Manual - Installation
b. The inverter must be installed in a well ventilated environment to ensure good heat dissipation.
c. The inverter must be free from direct exposure to sunlight, rain, and snow to extend its service life.
It is recommended that the inverter be installed in a sheltered place. If no shelter is available, build an awning, as
shown in Figure 4.3.
Carrier Requirements
a. The carrier where the inverter is installed must be fire-proof. Do not install the inverter on flammable building materials.
b. The wall must be solid enough to bear the weight of the inverter.
c. Do not install the inverter on a wall made of gypsum boards or similar materials with weak sound insulation to avoid noise
disturbance in a residential area.
Installation Space Requirements
a. It is recommended that the inverter be installed at eye level to facilitate operation and maintenance.
b. Reserve enough clearance around the inverter to ensure sufficient space for installation and heat dissipation, as shown in
Figure 4.4.
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




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0
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the front view
Figure 4.4 Installation Space Requirements (unit: mm)
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the lateral view
c. When installing multiple inverters, install them along the same line (as shown in Figure 4.5)
if sufficient space is available, and install them in triangle mode (as shown in Figure 4.6) or in stacked mode (as shown in
Figure 4.7) if no sufficient space is available. The installation modes ensure sufficient space for installation and heat
dissipation.
Figure 4.5 Installation along the same line (unit: mm)
16
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1000
 NOTICE
1 
  I
 
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100
Figure 4.6 Installation in triangle mode (unit: mm)
200
.,
1 
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l
 
 

Figure 4.7 Installation in stacked mode (unit: mm)
The clearance between multiple inverters must be increased to ensure proper heat
dissipation when they are installed in a hot area.
17
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