Hanna Instruments HI 93102 User manual

Instruction Manual
HI 93102
Multiparameter
Turbidity &
Ion Specific Meter
www.hannainst.com

32
Remove the instrument from the packing material and examine it to
make sure that no damage has occurred during shipping. If there is
any damage, notify your Dealer.
HI 93102 is supplied complete with:
•Glass cuvette with cap
•Batteries (4 x 1.5V AA)
•Instruction manual
The HI 731327 complete maintenance kit is also available, including:
•2 glass cuvettes
•Primary calibration standards:
HI 93102-0 AMCO-AEPA-1 0 NTU* calibration solution, 30 mL
HI 93102-20 AMCO-AEPA-1 20 NTU* calibration solution, 30 mL
• HI 93703-50 cleaning solution, 230 mL
•Cloth for wiping cuvettes
•Rugged carrying case
Note: Save all packing material until you are sure that the
instrument functions correctly. Any defective item must be
returned in its original packaging with the supplied
accessories.
*1 NTU (Nephelometric Turbidity Unit) = 1 FTU (Formazine Turbidity Unit)
All rights are reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited
without the written consent of the copyright owner.
Dear Customer,
Thank you for choosing a Hanna Instruments product.
Please read this instruction manual carefully before using these instruments.
This manual will provide you with the necessary information for correct
use of these instruments, as well as a precise idea of their versatility.
If you need additional technical information, do not hesitate to e-mail us
at [email protected] or view our worldwide contact list at
www.hannainst.com.
HI 93102 is guaranteed for two years against defects in workmanship
and materials when used for their intended purpose and maintained
according to instructions. This warranty is limited to repair or replacement
free of charge.
Damage due to accidents, misuse, tampering or lack of prescribed maintenance
is not covered.
If service is required, contact the dealer from whom you purchased the
instrument. If under warranty, report the model number, date of purchase,
serial number and the nature of the problem. If the repair is not covered
by the warranty, you will be notified of the charges incurred. If the
instrument is to be returned to Hanna Instruments, first obtain a
Returned Goods Authorization number from the Technical Service department
and then send it with shipping costs prepaid. When shipping any
instrument, make sure it is properly packaged for complete protection.
WARRANTY ............................................................................................. 2
PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION ...................................................................... 3
GENERAL DESCRIPTION ............................................................................ 4
PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION ......................................................................... 6
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION ........................................................................ 9
SPECIFICATIONS ..................................................................................... 12
OPERATIONAL GUIDE .............................................................................. 13
CALIBRATION ........................................................................................ 21
DIAGNOSTIC MODE ................................................................................ 29
LOGGING WITH HI 93102 .................................................................... 30
USER-SELECTABLE AUTO-OFF .................................................................. 32
BATTERY REPLACEMENT ......................................................................... 33
DIAGNOSTIC CODES ............................................................................... 34
ACCESSORIES ........................................................................................ 35
PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION
TABLE OF CONTENTS
WARRANTY

54
In order to measure colorimetric parameters, all the operator has to
do is zero the blank sample and then add 1 packet of reagent (for
Bromine, Chlorine, Cyanuric Acid, Iodine and Low Range Iron) or 0.2 mL
of Phenol Red (for pH). After placing the cuvette back in the meter
and pressing READ, the measurements are shown directly on the LCD.
The instrument operates with four AA batteries and may be
operator-programmed to turn itself off automatically after 10, 20, 30,
40, 50 or 60 minutes of inactivity.
HI 93102 and all accessories such as sample vials, reagent pillows,
primary standards, can be easily stored in the optional carrying case.
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The Hanna HI 93102 is a portable microprocessor driven, multiparameter,
turbidity and ion specific meter. It measures Free & Total Chlorine,
Cyanuric Acid, pH, Iodine, Bromine, Low Range Iron and Turbidity.
In the colorimetric mode, the user can select either factory
preprogrammed calibration settings or calibrate the meter using
customized calibration values based on the concentration or relative
absorbance of the sample. Calibration data is also stored in a
non-volatile EEPROM.
In the turbidity mode, periodic recalibration of the meter with
primary standards according to regulatory requirements or personal
experience is suggested. Turbidity ranges are 0.00-9.99 NTU and
10.0-50.0 NTU.
HI 93102 complies with G.L.P. Standards (Good Laboratory Practice),
that is:
•When switched on, the LCD displays all segments (display check).
•Battery status is monitored during every measurement cycle
warning the user if the batteries become weak.
In addition, HI 93102 will turn itself off before low voltage causes
erroneous readings.
•It utilizes a real time clock and recalls calibration data such as
date, time and calibration values.
To facilitate field tests, the meter provides a logging mode. In this
mode, the user can store up to twenty five time-tagged measurements
in RAM and scroll the memory at any time.
There are eight keys for the different operationals modes. The large
Liquid Crystal Display is dual-level: the upper level has four digits and
can display the measured parameter in hundredths. The lower level
has three characters and indicates current mode (e.g. F CL for free
chlorine or TR for turbidity). Different LCD segments indicate low
battery, logging mode, date, time, etc.
A pure green LED has been utilized as a light source for both
turbidimetric and colorimetric measurements. A silicon photocell is used
to receive transmitted light from colorimetric channel while another
photocell receives scattered light from the turbidimetric (nephelometric)
channel.

76
LED
EMITTED LIGHT
CUVET MICROPROCESSOR
LIGHT
DETECTOR
COLORIMETRIC MODE
The color of every object we see is determined by a process of
absorption and emission of the electromagnetic radiation (light) of its
molecules.
Colorimetric analysis is based on the principle that specific compounds
react with others to form a color, the intensity of which is proportional
to the concentration of the substance being measured.
Block diagram of an ion specific measurement
When a substance is exposed to a beam of light intensity Io, a
portion of the radiation is absorbed by the substance's molecules and
a radiation of intensity I, lower than Io, is emitted.
The quantity of radiation absorbed is given by the Lambert-Beer
Law:
log Io/I= ελc d
Where log Io/I= Absorbance (A)
ελ= molar extinction coefficient of the substance at
wavelength λ
c=molar concentration of the substance
d=optical distance light travels through the sample
Since other factors are known, the concentration "c" can be calculated
from the color intensity of the substance determined by the emitted
radiation I.
An LED (Light Emitting Diode) emits radiation at a relatively narrow
spectrum, supplying the system with the intensity Io.
PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
* 1 NTU = 1 FTU
TURBIDITY MODE
HI 93102 has been designed to perform measurements according to
the USEPA’s 180.1 method and the Standard Method 2130B.
The instrument functions by passing a beam of light through a vial
containing the sample being measured.
The light source is a Pure Green LED to ensure that any interference
caused by a colored samples is minimized.
A sensor, positioned at 90° with respect to the direction of light,
detects the amount of light scattered by the undissolved particles
present in the sample. The microprocessor converts such readings into
NTU* values.
NTU units are equal to FTU units. However, there are other known
measurement units for turbidity, namely the Jackson Turbidity Unit
(JTU) based on the old method of Jackson's candle, and Silica Unit
(mg/L of SiO2). The conversion table between these measurement
units is shown below:
JTU NTU/FTU SiO2 (mg/L)
JTU 119 2.5
NTU/FTU 0.053 10.13
SiO2 (mg/L) 0.4 7.5 1

98
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
1) Primary
LCD:The four-digit LCD shows all segments
for several seconds when the meter is
switched on. It then displays four dashes
to indicate “ready to measure”. It is
also the area where the date, time
and value of last calibration are shown.
In “Read” and “Zero” mode, “SIP” is
shown to indicate “Sample In Progress”.
The upper level also indicates the
concentration or turbidity of the sample,
as well as different diagnostic modes,
such as “-BA-” for low battery.
A substance absorbs a color complimentary to the color it emits. For
example, a substance appears yellow because it absorbs blue light.
As a result, the Hanna meters use LED’s with specific wavelengths to
measure samples.
The optical distance (d) is measured by the internal diameter of the
cuvette containing the sample.
The photoelectric cell collects the radiation Ithat is not absorbed by
the sample and converts it into an electric current.
The microprocessor converts the value into the desired measuring unit
and displays it on the LCD.
The measurement process is done in two phases: setting the meter to
zero and actual measurement.
The cuvette is an optical element and hence has an important role in
the measurement process. Both the measurement and the calibration
cuvettes must be optically identical to provide the same measurement
conditions.
It is also important that the surface of the cuvette is clean and free
from scratches or dents, in order to avoid measurement interference
due to unwanted reflection and absorption of light.
It is recommended that wherever possible the cuvette walls are not
touched by the operator.
Furthermore, in order to maintain the same conditions during the
zeroing and the measuring phases, it is necessary to close the cuvettes
to prevent any contamination.

1110
meter will quit diagnostic mode. If pressed
for more then 3 seconds, an intermittent
“CAL” prompt will appear on the
upper LCD level and the calibration
procedure is entered.
11) GLP/Abs key: In ion specific mode, it will toggle
concentration/absorbance readings on the
upper LCD. In turbidity mode, date,
time and the two calibration values of
the current mode will be shown. If
pressed in time/date setup mode, the
meter will quit current mode without
making any changes to current time/
date.
12) key Scrolls upwards through the parameters
to be measured. In calibration/diagnostic
mode, increments the blinking digit by
one. If pressed together with ALT while
the meter is in logging mode, the upper
LCD will show the data (date/time/
value) in the memory.
13) ALT key: Alternative functions.
14) key: Scrolls downwards through the parameters
to be measured. In calibration/diagnostic
mode, decreases the blinking digit by
one. If pressed together with ALT while
the meter is in logging mode, the upper
LCD will show the current lot number.
2) Secondary
LCD:The three-digit LCD shows the current
mode of measurement that is “F CL”,
“tCL”, “CY”, “PH”, “Id”, “Br”, “LFE”,
“tr”, and diagnostic or calibration modes,
such as “d11”, “2 Fn”, “5c1”.
3) DATE:Indicates that the upper level of LCD is
showing the current date, the date of
last calibration or the date of logged
measurement in memory.
4) TIME:Indicates that the upper level of LCD is
showing the current time, the time of
last calibration or the time of logged
measurement in memory.
5) LOBAT:Blinking segment warns user of low
battery voltage.
6) LOG:If intermittent, it indicates that the user
is in the scroll mode viewing the logged
measurements. If fixed, it indicates that
the meter is in the log mode and every
reading taken will be stored in memory.
7) ON/OFF key: Turns the meter on and off.
8) ZERO/key: In ion specific (colorimetric) mode, it
zeros the sample. In calibration and
diagnostic modes, it functions as ENTER
(not used in turbidity mode).
9) READ/key: Takes the measuremnt of concentration/
turbidity of the sample which is shown
on the LCD. In diagnostic or calibration
mode, shifts the flashing digit to the
right.
10) CAL key: If pressed during calibration, the
calibration procedure will be aborted
and the last calibration data will be
reinstated. If pressed together with the
ALT key for less then 3 seconds, the
diagnostic mode will be entered. If pressed
together with the ALT key again, the

1312
OPERATIONAL GUIDE
+
SET CURRENT TIME/DATE
To set or change the current time, turn on the meter. After
initialization routine, the LCD will show:
Press and hold the ALT and GLP keys together. Display will show the
current date in MM.DD format (e.g. August 28 is shown as 08.28).
Release the keys. The month digits will blink. Make the necessary
adjustments with the and keys. To skip to the day digits, press
the key.
After the adjustments, press the key. The unit will store the
newly set month-day data in its EEPROM and will show the current
time by a 24 hour clock HH.MM format, e.g. 2:28 pm is:
Similarly, make the necessary adjustments as described above and
press . The newly set up “month - day - hour - minute” data will
be stored in memory.
SPECIFICATIONS
* 1 NTU = 1 FTU
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1514
Press READ. The meter will intermittently display “SIP” on the upper
level of the LCD.
After a few seconds the display will show the turbidity value, e.g.
5.34 NTU:
COLORIMETRIC MEASUREMENTS
Turn the meter on. After the initialization routine, the LCD will
display:
Use the and keys to choose the
desired parameter:
F CL Free Chlorine t CL Total Chlorine
CY Cyanuric Acid PH pH
Id Iodine Br Bromine
L FE Iron
Measuring Chlorine, Cyanuric Acid, pH, Iodine, Bromine
Fill the vial with the sample (blank). The surface of the
vial should be clean and scratch free.
Insert the blank sample into the cuvette holder and ensure that the
notch on the cap is positioned securely into the groove. Press ZERO.
+
+
CURRENT TIME/DATE RECALL
To recall current TIME/DATE press and hold the ALT and READ keys
together. The current time and an intermittent “TIME” will be
displayed.
Release the keys.
Press and hold the ALT and READ keys again and the meter will
show the current date together with an intermittent “DATE”.
TURBIDITY MEASUREMENTS
Fill the vial with the sample. The surface of the vial
should be clean and scratch free.
Turn the meter on. After the initialization routine, the
LCD will show:
Use the and keys to set the lower level of the LCD to turbidity
(tr).
Insert the sample into the cuvette holder and
ensure that the notch on the cap is positioned
securely into the groove.

1716
12
3
6
9
30"
1.5 cm
Measuring Iron
Fill one graduated mixing cylinder up to the
25 mL mark with deionized water.
Add the content of one packet of HI 93746 TPTZ reagent, close the
cylinder and agitate for 30 seconds. This is the blank.
Fill a cuvette with 10 mL of the blank up
to 1.5 cm (3/4") below the rim and replace
the cap.
Insert the blank into the cuvette holder and make sure that the
notch on the cap is positioned securely into the groove. Press ZERO.
The meter will show “SIP” for a few seconds and then a zero indication:
Fill one graduated mixing cylinder up to the
25 mL mark with the sample.
1.5 cm
1 x
The meter will show “SIP” for a few seconds and then a zero indication:
For Cianuric Acid only, add the content of one packet
of HI 93722 reagent to a beaker filled up to the 25 mL
mark with unreacted sample up to the 25 mL mark.
Stir gently to mix and then fill the cuvette up to 1.5 cm
(3/4“) below the rim with 10 mL of the reacted sample.
Replace the cap, shake the cuvette and allow a few
seconds for color to develop. For best results, wait 21/2mins. for Total
Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine, and 45 secs. for Cyanuric Acid. Insert the
reacted sample into the cuvette holder and ensure that the notch on
the cap is positioned securely into the groove. Press READ.
The meter will show “SIP” for a few seconds and then the concentration:
For Chlorine, Iodine and Bromine,
add the content of their respective
packet:
For pH, add 0.2 mL of
HI 93710-01:

1918
Note:Absorbance readings may have a negative sign if the
transmittance of the “ZERO” sample is less then that of the
reacted sample.
Note: For better accuracy wash glassware with HCl 6N.
Measurements in user-customized mode
Note:The meter must be calibrated for this purpose. Follow the
two-point customized calibration on page 26 before proceeding.
Turn the meter on and by momentarily pressing both ALT and CAL.
The LCD will show four dashes on
the upper and “d 00” on the lower
part of the LCD with the second “0”
flashing:
Using the , and keys change
the lower row of the display to
show “d 11”:
Press the key. This key is also used as a toggle between USER
(USR) and FACTORY (FCT) programmed functions. Select the USER
mode (if necessary by pressing the key more than once):
Press ALT and CAL until four dashes are displayed on the upper
display and “# fn” are shown in the lower part of the LCD.
Using the and keys select the number from 0 to 7 where the
appropriate calibration data have been stored.
+
12
3
6
9
30"
1.5 cm
Add the content of one packet of HI 93746 TPTZ reagent, close the
cylinder and agitate for 30 seconds.
Fill a cuvette with 10 mL of the reacted
sample up to 1.5 cm (3/4") below the rim
and replace the cap. This is the sample.
Insert the reacted sample into the cuvette holder and make sure that
the notch on the cap is positioned securely into the groove. Wait 30”
and then press READ.
The meter will show “SIP” for about a few seconds and then the
concentration:
Note::
::
:To review the relative absorbance of the sample, wait until
the concentration measurement is completed, and then
press GLP/Abs. The display will show the absorbance in
milliunits together with the “Ab” indicator, e.g.:
533 Ab = 533 milliabs. units