Hanna Instruments HI 93703-11 User manual

LOG LOBAT
TIME
DATE
LOGGING
MICROPROCESSOR
TURBIDITYMETER
LOGGING
MICROPROCESSOR
TURBIDITY METER
ALT
DATE
READ
VIEW
STO
CLR
CAL
GLP
OFF
ON
HI93703-11HI 93703-11
%
188
Instruction Manual
HI 93703-11
PortableLogging
Turbidity Meter with RS232
www.hannainst.com
MAN93703-11R1 08/05
SALES AND TECHNICAL SERVICE CONTACTS
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Tel. [phone] • Fax [phone]
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Tel. [phone] • Fax [phone]
United Kingdom:
Tel. [phone] • Fax [phone]
USA:
Tel. [phone] • Fax [phone]
For e-mail contacts and complete list of Sales and
Technical offices, please see www.hannainst.com

2
DearCustomer,
ThankyouforchoosingaHannaproduct.
Please read this instruction manual carefully
beforeusingtheinstrument.
Thismanualwillprovideyouwiththenecessary
informationforthecorrectuseoftheinstrument.
Ifyouneedadditionaltechnicalinformation,do
not hesitate to e-mail us at
[email protected]
This instrument is in compliance with the
directives.
TABLEOFCONTENTS
PreliminaryExamination ............................ 3
GeneralDescription.................................... 3
PrincipleofOperation ................................. 5
FunctionalDescription................................ 6
Specifications ............................................ 7
OperationalGuide ...................................... 8
MeasurementProcedure ....................... 8
Log-on-demand ................................... 11
CleaningLoggedData ......................... 11
ViewingLoggedData .......................... 12
Viewingand settingDate andTime ..... 12
ErrorCodes......................................... 13
EnsureAccurateMeasurements ............. 14
SourcesofInterference....................... 15
Calibration................................................ 16
CalibrationProcedure .......................... 16
ViewingCalibrationDate ..................... 18
EnsureAccurateCalibration................ 18
StandardSuspension .......................... 19
BatteryReplacement ............................... 20
PCConnection......................................... 21
Accessories............................................. 22
Warranty .................................................. 23 23
Recommendations for Users
Before using this product, make sure that it is entirely suitable for the environment
in which it is used.
Operation of this instrument in residential area could cause unacceptable
interferences to radio and TV equipments, requiring the operator to take all
necessary steps to correct interferences.
Any variation introduced by the user to the supplied equipment may degrade
the instrument's EMC performance.
To avoid electrical shock, do not use this instrument when voltages at the
measurement surface exceed 24 Vac or 60 Vdc.
To avoid damages or burns, do not perform any measurement in microwave
ovens.
WARRANTY
AllHannaInstrumentsmetersarewarranted
fortwoyearsagainstdefectsinworkmanship
and materials when used for their intended
purpose and maintained according to instruc-
tions. This warranty is limited to repair or
replacement free of charge. Damages due to
accidents, misuse, tampering or lack of pre-
scribedmaintenancearenotcovered.
If service is required, contact the dealer from
whom you purchased the instrument. If under
warranty, report the model number, date of
purchase,serial numberand thenature ofthe
failure.FirstobtainaReturnedGoodsAuthori-
zationnumberfromtheCustomerServicede-
partment, then return the instrument with the
Authorization # included along with shipment
costsprepaid.Iftherepairisnotcoveredbythe
warranty,you will be notified of the charges.
Whenshippinganyinstrument,makesureitis
properlypackagedforcompleteprotection.
All rights are reserved. Reproduction in whole
or in part is prohibited without the written
consent of the copyright owner.

3
Removethe instrument fromthe packing material
and examine it to make sure that no damage has
occurred during shipping. If there is any damage,
notifyyourDealer.
HI 93703-11 is suppliedcomplete with:
•Glass cuvet with cap
•Batteries (4 x 1.5V AA)
•Instructionmanual
Note:Saveallpackingmaterialuntilyouaresure
that the instrument functions correctly. Any
defective item must be returned in its original
packagingwiththe suppliedaccessories.
WithHI93703-11turbiditymeasurementscan
beperformedwithhighprecisioninthefieldas
well as in the laboratory. HI93703-11 turbidity
meter is a microprocessor-based instrument
used to determine the turbidity of water and
waste-water. The meter covers a 0-1000 FTU
rangein twoscales: 0.00to 50.00FTU and50
to 1000 FTU. The autoranging feature of the
instrument sets the appropriate range for the
measurement.
HI93703-11alsoincludesareal-timeclockand
log-on-demand capability. The PC
communicationismadethroughaserialportof
your computer and the 5-pin socket on the
meter.
Note: HI 93703-11 has been designed
according to the ISO 7027 International
Standard, consequently the turbidity
measurement units are expressed in
FTU (Formazine Turbidity Unit). FTU is
identical to the other internationally
recognized unit: NTU (Nephelometric
Turbidity Unit).
GENERALDESCRIPTION
22
ACCESSORIES
HI731318 Tissueforwipingcuvets(4 pcs)
HI 731321 Spareglasscuvet(4 pcs)
HI 731313 Maintenance kit: rugged
carrying case including HI
93703-0 and HI 93703-10
calibrationsolutions,HI 93703-
50 cuvet cleaning solution, 1
tissuefor wiping cuvets and 2
cuvets
HI 93703-0 AMCO-AEPA-1 @0 FTU*
calibrationsolution, 30 mL
HI93703-05 AMCO-AEPA-1 @500 FTU*
calibrationsolution, 30 mL
HI 93703-10 AMCO-AEPA-1 @10 FTU*
calibrationsolution, 30 mL
HI 93703-50 Cuvet cleaning solution, 230
mL
HI92000 Windows®compatiblesoftware
HI920011 SerialcableforPCconnection
(5to9-pin)
*1 FTU =1 NTU
PRELIMINARYEXAMINATION

4
Themeterishousedinaruggedandlightweight
case,withan easy-to-readLCD.
Tosavebattery-life,theinstrumentisequipped
with an automatic shut-off feature which is
activatedafter5-minutesofnon-use.Thisfea-
tureisdisabledwhenthemeterisconnectedto
the serial port of the computer.
Alloperations can be carried out with only five
keys and troubleshooting functions can be
performedwithdisplayederrorcodeguides.
A positive-locking system guarantees that the
cuvet is firmly placed in the cell.
Thekeypadiswater-resistantandcanbewiped
with a moist cloth for quick cleanups.
Two or three point calibration (0,10, 500 FTU*)
can be easily performed using available stan-
dards, and the last calibration date is auto-
matically stored for future retrivial.
We have chosen 10 FTU * as the standard
calibration point because it best fits the
water turbidity measurements in different
applications,fromdrinkingwatertowaste-
water treatment.
HANNA instruments®uses the primary stan-
dard AMCO-AEPA-1 to avoid all formazine-
related problems. Formazine is a toxic, un-
stablesubstance,whichrequiresparticularcare:
its standards have to be prepared only a few
minutesbeforeperformingthecalibration,and
cannot be reused because of their short life.
HANNAinstruments®standardsareextremely
stable, can be reused, and last up to six
months,iffreefromcontamination.
HI 93703-11canbeusedwithbothstandards.
*1 FTU =1 NTU
21
Battery replacement must only take place in a
safeareaandusing1.5VAAalkalinebatteries.
To install or replace the
batteries,turntheunitoff
and remove the battery
compartmentcoveronthe
raerofthemeter.
Insert the new batteries
while paying attention to
the polarity.
Afterthebatterieshavebeeninstalled,closethe
battery cover and make sure the gasket is in
placebeforetighteningthe2screws,toensure
awatertight seal.
-
-
+
+
1.5V
1.5V
-
-
+
+
1.5V
1.5V
SCREW
POTS
PCCONNECTION
To communicate with the instrument through
theHI92000software,usetheHI920011cable
(optional)to connect a serialport of your com-
puter to the 5 pin connector of the meter.
When connected the meter will maintain full
functionality,beingabletoperformadatatrans-
ferwhile themeter isbeing operated.
Notes:
• Serialcommunicationisnotallowedwhenthe
meteris being calibrated.
•Theautoshut-offfeatureisalsodisabledwhen
the meter is connected to a computer.

5
IR LED
EMITTED LIGHT (890 nm)
CUVET
LIGHT
DETECTOR
90° SCATTERED
LIGHT
PRINCIPLEOFOPERATION
*1 FTU =1 NTU
HI 93703-11 has been designed to perform
measurements according to the ISO 7027 In-
ternationalStandard.
Theinstrumentfunctionsbypassingabeamof
infraredlightthroughavialcontainingthesample
beingmeasured.
Asensor, positioned at 90°with respect to the
direction of light, detects the amount of light
scatteredbytheundissolvedparticlespresent
in the sample. The microprocessor converts
such readings into FTU* values.
As noted above, FTU unit is equal to the NTU
unit.However,thereareotherknownmeasure-
mentunits for turbidity:Jackson Turbidity Unit
(JTU) based on the old method of Jackson's
candle,andSilicaUnit(mg/LofSiO2).Foryour
referencetheconversiontablebetween these
measurementunits isshown below:
JTU FTU/NTU SiO2 (mg/L)
JTU 1 19 2.5
FTU/NTU 0.053 1 0.13
SiO2 (mg/L) 0.4 7.5 1
20
BATTERYREPLACEMENT
All components have been selected to mini-
mizecurrentdrainwithoutcompromisingfunc-
tionality. In order to minimize the battery con-
sumption, the meter is equipped with an auto-
shut off function which switches the meter off
after 5 minutes of non-use.
The four 1.5V batteries guarantee 60 hours of
workinglife(or900measurements).
Inordertoobtainaccuratemeasurements,the
batterylevelismonitoredeverytimethemeter
is switched on.
Inaddition,a"LOBAT"indicationwillappearon
the lower right corner of the display when the
batteries are weak (<10%). All four batteries
needtobereplaced.
When the batteries are too weak to ensure
reliable measurements, the message 0% LO
BAT appears for a few seconds, and then the
meter will automatically switch itself off. Re-
place the batteries immediately.
LOBAT
0
%
LO BAT

6
35
1
6
7
8
4
LOG LOBAT
TIME
DATE
LOGGING
MICROPROCESSOR
TURBIDITYMETER
LOGGING
MICROPROCESSOR
TURBIDITY METER
HI 93703-11
VIEWVIEW
STOSTO
CLRCLR
GLPGLP
CALCAL DATEDATE
READREAD
ALTALT
OFF
ON
%
188
2
FUNCTIONALDESCRIPTION
1) Measurementcell
2) LCD(LiquidCrystalDisplay)
3) ON/OFF/CLR key, to turn the meter ON
and OFF, and to clear log memory
4) GLP/CAL key, to display last calibration
date&time,andtoentercalibrationmode
5) STO/VIEWkey,tostoresampleafterread-
ing,and to viewlog memory
6) READ/DATE key, to perform measure-
ments, and to display (toggle) current
date/time
7) ALTkey, toactivate thesecond functions
(secondfunctionkeysinorange)
8) RS232connector(5pin)
19
*1 FTU =1 NTU
STANDARD SUSPENSION
Presently, there are only two recognized pri-
marystandards:AMCO-AEPA-1andformazine.
Hanna supplies HI 93703-11 with the AMCO-
AEPA-1whichhasamuchlongershelflifeatall
concentrations(approx.sixmonths,iffreefrom
contamination).Inaddition,nospecialhandling
or disposal is required and a much higher
stability of suspended particles has been ob-
served.
On the other hand, formazine is a toxic sub-
stance,generatedbyaknowncarcinogen,with
poor stability (particles flocculate and settle
quickly). Lower concentrations change value
within a few days or hours after dilution.
The consistency of HI 93703-11 readings by
using both standards has been separately es-
tablished by Advanced Polymer Systems and
HannaInstruments.
Additionaldocumentationabouttheformazine
standardandmorecomplexcalibrationproce-
duresis availableupon request.
•All glassware that comes into contact with
standardsshouldbemaintainedclean.Wash
with the HI93703-50 cleaning solution and
rinsewith HI93703-0orturbidityfreewater.
•Rinse the vial twice with 5 ml of the liquid to
be tested. This removes the effect of any
previous liquid and any dust or foreign ob-
jectsthatmaybepresentinside.Gentlypour
theliquiddown theside ofthe vialtoreduce
air bubbles (no mixing is required when HI
93703-0 and HI 93703-10 AMCO-AEPA-1
standardsareused).
•Beforeinsertingthevial intotheinstrument,
wipe it with HI93703-70 or a soft, lint-free
tissue. Handle vials so that no fingerprints
can get on the areas where light passes
(approx.bottom2 cm/1").

7
SPECIFICATIONS
*1 FTU =1 NTU
Range 0.00to50.00FTU*
50to1000FTU*
Resolution 0.01and1FTU*
Accuracy ±0.5FTU*or
±5% of reading (whichever is greater)
TypicalEMCDeviation ±2%FS
Calibration 3point(0,10and500FTU*)
Light Source InfraredLED
Light Source Life Lifeoftheinstrument
Light Detector Siliconphotocell
DataLogging 199measurements,on-demand
PC Connection Throughserialport,
usingHI920011connectioncableand
HI92000Windows®compatiblesoftware
Battery Type 4x1.5VAAalkalinebatteries
Battery Life Approx. 60 hours of continuous use
or900measurements
Auto-off After5 minutes of non-use
Environment 0to50°C(32to122°F);
RHmax95%non-condensing
Dimensions 220x82x66mm
(8.7 x 3.2 x 2.6")
Weight 510g(1.1lb.)
18
•Afterapproximately
30secondstheLCD
will display "----".
Now the instrument
is calibrated and
ready for use.
NOTE:If "ERR1"is displayed, thecalibra-
tion data is maintained.
VIEWINGCALIBRATIONDATE
To display the last cali-
bration time and date,
press the GLP button to
toggle through the date
and time. If the display
shows "FS", the instru-
ment has factory calibra-
tion settings loaded and
nodate willbe displayed.
VIEWING FIRMWARE VERSION
To display the firmware version press and
holdtheON/OFFkeyfor
approx. ten seconds
(whenturning themeter
on).
Thefirmwareversionwill
bedisplayed
LOGGING
MICR OPRO CESSOR
TURB IDIT YMETE R
LOGGING
MICR OPRO CESSOR
TURB IDIT Y METER
HI 93703-11
VIEWVIEW
STOSTO
CLRCLR
GLPGLP
CALCAL DATEDATE
READREAD
ALTALT
OFF
ON
FS
ENSUREACCURATECALIBRATION
The procedure below should be carefully fol-
lowedduringtestingandcalibration:
LOGGING
MICR OPRO CESSO R
TURB IDIT YMETE R
LOGGING
MICR OPRO CESSO R
TURB IDIT Y METER
HI 93703-11
VIEWVIEW
STOSTO
CLRCLR
GLPGLP
CALCAL DATEDATE
READREAD
ALTALT
OFF
ON
V1.0

8
To prepare the instrument for taking
measurements, first install the batteries (see
BatteryReplacementsectiononpage20)and
then turn the instrument on.
To maximize battery-life, the display is
automatically switched off after 5-minutes of
non-use. To reactivate the display, simply
press the ON/OFF key.
MEASUREMENTPROCEDURE:
•Turn the meter on by
pressing the ON/OFF
key.
•The meter will carry
outaself-testdisplay-
ingafullsetoffigures.
•The meter will carry
outabatterytestshow-
ing in percentage the
battery life left.
•When the LCD dis-
plays “----” the meter
is ready to measure.
•Fillacleancuvetuptoonequar-
terinch(0.5 cm)fromitsrimwith
thethoroughlyagitatedsample.
•Allowsufficienttimeforbubbles
to escape before securing the cap.
Note: donot overtighten the cap.
LOGGING
MICR OPROC ESSOR
TURB IDITYMET ER
LOGGING
MICR OPROC ESSOR
TURB IDITY M ETER
HI 93703-11
VIEWVIEW
STOSTO
CLRCLR
GLPGLP
CALCAL DATEDATE
READREAD
ALTALT
OFF
ON
1/4“
0.5 cm
%
ba
98
OPERATIONALGUIDE
LOG LOBAT
TIME
DATE %
188
17
•If "ERR1" appearson
theLCD,pleasecheck
thestandardsolution.
•Afterapproximately30secondsthemeter
will display 10.00, prompting the user to
place the 10.00 FTU standard solution in
the cuvet holder.
•Place the 10.00 FTU
standardintheholderpressCAL,SIPand
CL will start blinking
•After approximately
30secondsthemeter
will display 500, asking the user to place
the 500 FTU buffer
solution in the cuvet
holder.
NOTE: At this point the
user can save the two point calibration
setup by pressing ALT & CAL buttons,
leavingthecalibration mode.
To perform a three point
calibration, place the 500
FTUstandardsolutioninthe
cuvet holder.
•Press CAL, SIP and
CL will start blinking
10.00
cl
sip
cl
500
cl
sip
cl
err1

9
NOTE:Wipethecuvetthoroughlywithalint-
free tissue (HI93703-70) before in-
serting into the measurement cell.
Thecuvetmustbecompletelyfreeof
fingerprints and other oil or dirt, par-
ticularly in the area where the light
goes through (approx. the bottom
2 cm/1").
•Placethecuvetinto
the cell and check
thatthenotchonthe
capispositionedse-
curely into the
groove.
• The mark on the
cuvet cap should
point towards the
LCD.
•Press the READ key
and the LCD will dis-
play a blinking “SIP”
(Sampling in Pro-
cess). The turbidity
value will appear af-
ter approx. 20 sec-
onds.
51
LOGG ING
MICR OPRO CESSO R
TURB IDIT YMETE R
LOGG ING
MICR OPRO CESSO R
TURB IDIT Y METER
HI 93703-11
VIEWVIEW
STOSTO
CLRCLR
GLPGLP
CALCAL DATEDATE
READREAD
ALTALT
OFF
ON
16
To check the date of last calibration, simply
press the GLP/CAL key. Press again to
togglebetween date andtime.
Tomakesurethatthemeteriscalibrated,take
a measure of a standard solution.
Theinstrumentcanbecalibratedat twoorthree
points and a monthly calibration is recom-
mended.
CALIBRATIONPROCEDURE
•Turnthemeteronand
waitforthedisplayto
show"----".
•Press the ALT & CAL
buttonstogether. The
"CAL" message will
blink on the display 3
times.Themeter then
enters the calibration
mode,displaying"0.00
cl"andpromptingthe
usertoinsertthe0.00
FTUstandard.
•Placethe0.00FTUstan-
dard in the cuvet holder
•Press CAL, SIP and
CL will start blinking
LOGG ING
MICR OPROC ESSOR
TURB IDITYMET ER
LOGG ING
MICR OPROC ESSOR
TURB IDITY M ETER
HI 93703-11
VIEWVIEW
STOSTO
CLRCLR
GLPGLP
CALCAL DATEDATE
READREAD
ALTALT
OFF
ON
CALIBRATION
0.00
cl
sip
cl

10
*1 FTU =1 NTU
• Even though HI93703-11 covers a very
wide range of turbidity values, for very
accurate measurements of samples ex-
ceeding 40FTU*, Standard Methods re-
quire dilution. In such cases, the correct
amount of HI93703-0 or turbidity-free
water to be added to the sample can be
calculated as follows:
Vos = 3000 / T
where: Vos = volume of sample (mL) to be
combined with HI 93703-0 to
obtainthefinalvolumeof100mL.
T = HI 93703 reading (exceeding
40FTU*)
E.g.: HI 93703 reading = 200 FTU *
3000 / 200 = 15 mL (Vos)
15mL(Vos)+85mL(HI93703-0)=100mL
At this point, take a sample of this solution
and measure its turbidity.
The correct turbidity value of the original
sample will be:
Tnx 100 mL / Vos = Ta
where: Tn=new HI 93703reading
Ta=actualturbidityvalueoftheoriginal
sample
E.g. If Tn= 27 FTU *
Ta= 27 FTU *x100 mL / 15 mL = 180 FTU *
NOTE:Anysample takenabove1000FTU will
showoutofrangebyblinking "1000".
15
*1 FTU =1 NTU
hours(thesample needsto bekept atroom
temperaturepriorto theanalysis).
• To obtain a representative sample, gently,
but thoroughly, mix it before samples are
taken.Donotshake(topreventairbubbles)
and do not let the sample settle.
• Itisrecommendedtocalibratethemeterwith
the supplied HI93703-10 @10 FTU* stan-
dardatleastonceamonthormorefrequently
forgreateraccuracy.
•Before inserting vials into the instrument,
wipe them with HI93703-70 or a soft, lint-
free tissue. Handle vials so that no finger-
prints get on the areas where light passes
(approx. the bottom 2 cm/1 inch).
Ifyouexperienceany problemsintaking mea-
surements, contact your dealer or the nearest
HannaCustomerServiceCenter.
SOURCESOFINTERFERENCE
•Presenceoffloatingdebrisandcoarsesedi-
mentswhichsettleoutrapidly willgivefalse
readings.
•TheinfraredlightsourceusedforHI93703-
11 turbidity meter, complies with the ISO
7027 International Standard and can effec-
tively minimize any errors due to colored
dissolved substances. This effect, called
"true color", is a common interference for
most commercially available instruments
operating in the range of visible light.
•Air bubbles and the effect of vibrations that
disturb the surface of the sample may give
false results and should be avoided.
•Dirty glassware could also affect readings
along with scratched or dented vials.