Hanna Instruments HI 96759C User manual

1
www.hannainst.com
Instruction Manual
HI 96759C
Maple Syrup
Transmittance Analyzer

2 3
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION .............................................................................................. 3
GENERAL DESCRIPTION ...................................................................................................... 4
ABBREVIATIONS ................................................................................................................4
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE ....................................................................................................5
PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION .................................................................................................6
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION ................................................................................................7
ERRORS AND WARNINGS .................................................................................................. 9
GENERAL TIPS FOR AN ACCURATE MEASUREMENT ...........................................................11
STARTUP...................................................................................................................12
MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE ...........................................................................................12
BATTERY MANAGEMENT ..................................................................................................14
BATTERY REPLACEMENT ..................................................................................................14
ACCESSORIES .................................................................................................................15
WARRANTY .................................................................................................................15
Dear Customer,
Thank you for choosing a Hanna product. This manual will provide you with the necessary
information for the correct use of the instrument. Please read it carefully before using the meter. If
you need additional technical information, do not hesitate to e-mail us at [email protected].
All rights are reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited without the written consent of the copyright owner,
Hanna Instruments Inc., Woonsocket, Rhode Island, 02895 , USA.
PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION
Please examine this product carefully. Make sure that the instrument is not damaged. If any
damage occurred during shipment, please notify your Dealer.
Each HI 96759 Ion Selective Meter is supplied complete with:
• Six Sample Cuvettes
• One Light Shield Cap
• Two 5 mL Syringes
• 30 mL Glycerol (1 bottle)
• 9V Battery
• Cloth for wiping cuvettes
• Instrument quality certificate
• Instruction Manual
• Rigid carrying case
Note:Save all packing material until you are sure that the instrument works correctly. Any
defective item must be returned in its original packing.

4 5
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
ABBREVIATIONS
SPECIFICATIONS
The HI 96759 is an auto diagnostic portable microprocessor meter that benefits from Hanna’s
years of experience as a manufacturer of analytical instruments. It has the advanced optical
system based on a special tungsten lamp and a narrow band interference filter that allows most
accurate and repeatable readings. All instruments are factory calibrated and the electronic and
optical design minimizes the need of frequent calibration.
All instruments are splash waterproof and the lamp and filter units are protected from dust or dirt
by a transparent cup. This makes the instruments fulfill field applications. Display messages aid
the user in routine operation. The meter has an auto-shut off feature that will turn off the
instrument after 10 minutes of non use in measurement mode or after 1 hour if left in
calibration mode .
The meter uses an exclusive positive-locking system to ensure that the cuvette is in the same
position every time it is placed into the measurement cell. It is designed to fit a cuvette with a
larger neck making it easier to add both sample and reagents. The cuvette is made from special
optical glass to obtain best results.
The HI 96759 measures the percent light transmittance of maple syrup compared to analytical
grade glycerol. The transmittance value allows identification of the syrup quality class.
degree Celsius
degree Fahrenheit
milligrams per liter. mg/L is equivalent to ppm (parts per million)
milliliter
millivolts
Liquid Crystal Display
°C:
°F:
mg/L:
mL:
mV:
LCD:
Range 0.0 to 100.0% Transmittance
Resolution 0.1% Transmittance
Accuracy ±3% @ 75.0% Transmittance
Typical EMC Deviation ±0.1% Transmittance
Light Source Tungsten lamp
Light Detector Silicon Photocell with narrow band interference filter @ 560nm
Method Direct Measurement
Environment 0 to 50°C (32 to 122°F); max 95% RH non-condensing
Battery Type 1 x 9 volt
Auto-Shut off After 10' of non-use in measurement mode ;
after 1 hour of non-use in calibration mode ;
with last reading reminder.
Dimensions 192 x 102 x 67 mm (7.6 x 4 x 2.6")
Weight 290 g (10 oz.).
REQUIRED STANDARD
Description Quantity/test
Glycerol 4 mL
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The primary characteristic for classifying maple syrup is color. When syrup is very light in color,
as matching the minimum light transmittance standards, the grade assigned to syrup is high.
When syrup color is dark, the grade is low. Color classes are expressed in percent of light
transmission as compared to an analytical Glycerol Standard Reference fixed at one hundred
percent transmission. All syrup is considered to be at minimum density, 66.0 degrees Brix at
68 °F (20 °C), and to have no flavors or other characteristics extraneous to pure maple syrup.
Color Class Range (% Tansmittance)
Grade A Light Amber 75.0 to 100.0
Grade A Medium Amber 60.5 to 74.9
Grade A Dark Amber 44.0 to 60.4
Grade B for reprocessing 27.0 to 43.9
Substandard less than 27.0

6 7
1) Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)
2) CAL key
3) READ key
4) ON/OFF key
5) Cuvette alignment indicator
6) Cuvette holder
PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
Absorption of Light is a typical phenomenon of interaction between electromagnetic radiation and
matter. When a light beam crosses a substance, some of the radiation may be absorbed by
atoms, molecules or crystal lattices.
If pure absorption occurs, the fraction of light absorbed depends both on the optical path length
through the matter and on the physical-chemical characteristics of the substance according to the
Lambert-Beer Law:
-log I/Io= ελc d
or
A = ελc d
Where:
-log I/Io=Absorbance (A)
Io=intensity of incident light beam
I=intensity of light beam after absorption
ελ=molar extinction coefficient at wavelength λ
c=molar concentration of the substance
d=optical path through the substance
Therefore, the concentration "c" can be calculated from the absorbance of the substance as the
other factors are known.
Photometric chemical analysis is based on the possibility to develop an absorbing compound
from a specific chemical reaction between sample and reagents. Given that the absorption of a
compound strictly depends on the wavelength of the incident light beam, a narrow spectral
bandwidth should be selected as well as a proper central wavelength to optimize measurements.
The optical system of Hanna's HI 96 series colorimeters is based on special subminiature
tungsten lamps and narrow-band interference filters to guarantee both high performance and
reliable results.
HI 96 series block diagram (optical layout)
A microprocessor controlled special tungsten lamp emits radiation which is first optically
conditioned and beamed to the sample contained in the cuvette. The optical path is fixed by the
diameter of the cuvette. Then the light is spectrally filtered to a narrow spectral bandwidth, to
obtain a light beam of intensity Ioor I.
The photoelectric cell collects the radiation Ithat is not absorbed by the sample and converts
it into an electric current, producing a potential in the mV range.
The microprocessor uses this potential to convert the incoming value into the desired measuring
unit and to display it on the LCD.
The measurement process is carried out in two phases: first the meter is zeroed and then the
actual measurement is performed.
The cuvette has a very important role because it is an optical element and thus requires
particular attention. It is important that both, the measurement and the calibration (zeroing)
cuvettes, are optically identical to provide the same measurement conditions. Whenever possible
use the same cuvette for both. It is necessary that the surface of the cuvette is clean and not
scratched. This to avoid measurement interference due to unwanted reflection and absorption of
light. It is recommended not to touch the cuvette walls with hands.
Furthermore, in order to maintain the same conditions during the zeroing and the measuring
phases, it is necessary to close the cuvette to prevent any contamination.
INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION

8 9
KEYPAD DESCRIPTION
•ON/OFF: to turn the meter on and off.
•CAL: to calibrate the meter prior to measurement.
•READ: to make a measurement.
OPERATING MODES
• Measurement mode: default operation mode, enables both calibration and measurement.
DISPLAY ELEMENTS DESCRIPTION
1) The measuring scheme (lamp, cuvette, detector), appears during different phases of zero or
reading measurement
2) Error messages and warnings
3) The battery icon shows the charging level of the battery
4) The hourglass appears when an internal checking is in progress
5) Four digit main display
6) Measuring units
ERRORS AND WARNINGS
The instrument shows clear messages when erroneous condition appears. Messages are also displayed
when the obtained values are outside expected range. The beeper is playing a beep on errors.
a) on calibration
Light High: There is too much light to perform a measurement.
Please check the preparation of the calibration cuvette.
Light Low: There is not enough light to perform a measurement.
Please check the preparation of the calibration cuvette.
No Light:The instrument cannot adjust the light level. Please
check that the sample does not contain any debris.
Cal: Calibration was not performed. Follow the instructions of
the measurement procedure for calibrating the meter.
b) on sample reading
Under range: A blinking “0.0” indicates that the sample
absorbs less light than the zero reference. Check the procedure
and make sure you use the same cuvette for reference (calibration)
and measurement.

10 11
The instructions listed below should be carefully followed during testing to ensure best accuracy.
•Use matched square cuvettes, having 4 clear faces and 10
mm path length.
•Do not touch the cuvette walls with hands.
•Whenever the cuvette is placed into the measurement cell, it
must be dry outside, and completely free of fingerprints, oil
or dirt. Wipe it thoroughly with HI 731318 or a lint-free
cloth prior to insertion.
•It is important that the sample does not contain any debris. This
would corrupt the reading.
•Samples should be completely free of air bubbles. If bubbles are present, let the samples
stand until air bubbles have completely disappeared (not more than 30 minutes, see note
below).
•It is recommended to take the sample of maple syrup in the middle of the container.
•It is recommended to take and analyze samples at room temperature.
•Do not use the same cuvette with glycerol for more than 5-10 times to perform calibration
and dispose of it after 1 day has passed.
•Never re-use maple syrup sample cuvettes, dispose of them after use.
•Use one syringe for glycerol, and the other one for syrup in order to avoid contamination.
Note: Maple Syrup samples exposed to direct sun light and/or air will darken over time. This
is caused by microorganisms.
GENERAL TIPS FOR AN ACCURATE MEASUREMENT
Over Range: A flashing value of the maximum concentration
indicates an over range condition. The concentration of the
sample is beyond the programmed range: dilute the sample and
re-run the test.
Cap error: Appears when external light enters in the analysis
cell. Assure that the cuvette cap is present.
Cooling lamp: The instrument waits for the lamp to cool down.
d) other errors and warnings
Battery low: The battery must be replaced soon.
Dead battery: This indicates that the battery is dead and must
be replaced. Once this indication is displayed, the meter will
lock up. Change the battery and restart the meter.

12 13
MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE
STARTUP
Prepare the instrument for measurement as follows:
•Unpack the instrument by removing the dust protection sleeve from the instrument cuvette
holder.
•Place the battery in the instrument as described in the “BATTERY REPLACEMENT” chapter.
•Place the instrument on a flat table.
•Do not place the instrument under direct sun light.
To compensate the meter for the sample turbidity or color, the measurement takes place in two
phases. First, the meter is zeroed using the unreacted sample. After the reagents are added the
reacted sample is measured.
•When the beeper sounds briefly and the
LCD displays dashes, the meter is ready.
The blinking “CAL” indicates that the
instrument needs to be calibrated first.
•Use a first syringe to fill one cuvette
with 4 mL of Glycerol, up to 5 mm
(0.2’’) below the rim. This is the Glycerol
Standard Reference.
•Place the cuvette into the cuvette holder
paying attention to the direction of the
light indicated by the arrow on the
instrument. Then put the light shield cap
on and ensure that the notch on the cap
is positioned securely into the groove.
•Press CAL and the lamp, cuvette and
detector icons will appear on the display,
depending on the measurement phase.
• After a few seconds, the display will show
“100.0%”. The meter is now calibrated
and ready for measurement.
•Remove the Glycerol cuvette.
•Use the second syringe to add to a clean
cuvette 4 mL of maple syrup, up to 5
mm (0.2’’) below the rim. This is the
sample.
•Place the sample cuvette into the cuvette
holder paying attention to the direction
of the light indicated by the arrow on the
instrument. Then put the light shield cap
on and ensure that the notch on the cap
is positioned securely into the groove.
•Press READ and the lamp, cuvette and
detector icons will appear on the display,
depending on the measurement phase.
•At the end of measurement, the instrument
directly displays percent of light
transmittance as compared to Glycerol
Standard (fixed at one hundred percent)
on the LCD.
•Check in the manual to which color class
the transmittance value corresponds.
WARRANTY
•Turn the meter on by pressing ON/OFF.
The display briefly shows all tags on.

14 15
INTERFERENCES
Interference may be caused by air bubbles or turbidity in the sample. Scratched or dirty cuvettes
will also affect readings. Always check clearness of cuvettes prior to use.
BATTERY MANAGEMENT
To save battery, the instrument shuts down after 10 minutes of non-use in measurement mode
and after 1 hour of non-use in calibration mode.
If a valid measurement was displayed before auto
shut off, the value is displayed when the instrument
is switched on. The blinking “CAL” means that a
new calibration has to be performed.
One fresh battery lasts for around 750 measurements, depending on the light level.
The remaining battery capacity is evaluated at the instrument startup and after each measurement.
The instrument displays a battery indicator with three levels as follows:
• 3 lines for 100 % capacity
• 2 lines for 66 % capacity
• 1 line for 33 % capacity
• Battery icon blinking if the capacity is under 10 %.
If the battery is empty and accurate measurements can’t be taken anymore, the instrument
shows “dead battdead batt
dead battdead batt
dead batt” and turns off.
To restart the instrument, the battery must be replaced with a fresh one.
Recommendations for Users
Before using these products, make sure that they are entirely suitable for your specific application and for the environment in
which they are used.
Operation of these instruments may cause unacceptable interferences to other electronic equipments, this requiring the operator
to take all necessary steps to correct interferences.
Any variation introduced by the user to the supplied equipment may degrade the instruments' EMC performance.
To avoid damages or burns, do not put the instrument in microwave oven. For yours and the instrument safety do not use or
store the instrument in hazardous environments.
HI 96759 is warranted for two years against defects in workmanship and materials when used
for its intended purpose and maintained according to the instructions.
This warranty is limited to repair or replacement free of charge.
Damages due to accident, misuse, tampering or lack of prescribed maintenance are not covered.
If service is required, contact your dealer. If under warranty, report the model number, date of
purchase, serial number and the nature of the failure. If the repair is not covered by the warranty,
you will be notified of the charges incurred.
If the instrument is to be returned to Hanna Instruments, first obtain a Returned Goods Authorization
Number from the Customer Service Department and then send it with shipment costs prepaid.
When shipping any instrument, make sure it is properly packaged for complete protection.
To validate your warranty, fill out and return the enclosed warranty card within 14 days from the
date of purchase.
Hanna Instruments reserves the right to modify the design, construction and appearance of its
products without advance notice.
• Turn the instrument off by pressing ON/OFF.
• Turn the instrument upside down and remove the battery cover by turning it counterclockwise.
• Extract the battery from its location and replace it with a fresh one.
• Insert back the battery cover and turn it clockwise to close.
To replace the instrument’s battery, follow the steps:
ACCESORIES
ANALANAL
ANALANAL
ANALYSIS KITYSIS KIT
YSIS KITYSIS KIT
YSIS KIT
HI93703-56 Kit for Maple Syrup analysis, including 82 cuvettes, 30 mL of
Glycerol and two 5 mL Syringe (75 tests average)
OTHER ACCESORIESOTHER ACCESORIES
OTHER ACCESORIESOTHER ACCESORIES
OTHER ACCESORIES
HI 721310 9V battery (10 pcs.)
HI 731318 Cloth for wiping cuvettes (4 pcs.)
HI 731335 Caps for cuvettes
HI 741218 Carrying case
BATTERY REPLACEMENT
WARRANTY

16
Printed in EUROPE
(ROMANIA)
Hanna Instruments Inc.
Highland Industrial Park
584 Park East Drive
Woonsocket, RI 02895 USA
Technical Support for Customers
Tel. [phone]
Fax [phone]
E-mail [email protected]
www.hannainst.com
Local Sales and Customer Service Office
MAN96759 01/11