Hanna Instruments HI 96104C User manual

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Instruction Manual
HI 96104C
pH, Chlorine and Cyanuric Acid
ISM
99 Washington Street
Melrose, MA 02176
Phone [phone]
Toll Free 1-800-517-8431
Visit us at www.TestEquipmentDepot.com

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION ................................................................................................ 3
GENERAL DESCRIPTION ....................................................................................................... 4
ABBREVIATIONS .................................................................................................................. 4
SPECIFICATIONS ................................................................................................................... 5
PRECISION AND ACCURACY .................................................................................................. 6
PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION ................................................................................................... 6
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION .................................................................................................. 8
ERRORS AND WARNINGS .................................................................................................... 9
GENERAL TIPS FOR AN ACCURATE MEASUREMENT ............................................................. 11
STARTUP ........................................................................................................................... 12
RANGE SELECTION ............................................................................................................. 13
MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE ............................................................................................. 13
VALIDATION PROCEDURE ................................................................................................... 19
CALIBRATION PROCEDURE ................................................................................................. 21
GLP ................................................................................................................................... 24
BATTERY MANAGEMENT .................................................................................................... 25
BATTERY REPLACEMENT .................................................................................................... 25
ACCESSORIES ..................................................................................................................... 26
WARRANTY........................................................................................................................ 27
Dear Customer,
Thank you for choosing a Hanna product. This manual will provide you with the necessary
information for the correct use of the instrument.
All rights are reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited without the written consent of the copyright owner,
Hanna Instruments Inc., Woonsocket, Rhode Island, 02895 , USA.

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PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION
Please examine this product carefully. Make sure that the instrument is not damaged. If any
damage occurred during shipment, please notify your Dealer.
Each HI 96104 Ion Selective Meter is supplied complete with:
• Two Sample Cuvettes and Caps
•Two CAL CHECK standard cuvettes HI 96725 KIT
• 9V Battery
• Tissue for wiping cuvettes
• Instrument quality certificate
• Instruction Manual
• Rigid carrying case
Note:Save all packing material until you are sure that the instrument works correctly. Any
defective item must be returned in its original packing.

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GENERAL DESCRIPTION
ABBREVIATIONS
The HI 96104 is an auto diagnostic portable microprocessor meter that benefits from Hanna’s
years of experience as a manufacturer of analytical instruments. It has the advanced optical
system based on a special tungsten lamp and a narrow band interference filter that allows most
accurate and repeatable readings. All instruments are factory calibrated and the electronic and
optical design minimizes the need of frequent calibration.
With the powerful CAL CHECKTM validation function, you are able to validate good performance
of your instrument at any time. The validation procedure is extremely user friendly. Just use the
exclusive HANNA ready-made, NIST traceable standards to verify the performance of the
instrument and recalibrate if necessary.
All instruments are splash waterproof and the lamp and filter units are protected from dust or dirt
by a transparent cup. This makes the instruments fulfill field applications. Display messages aid
the user in routine operation. The meter has an auto-shut off feature that will turn off the
instrument after 10 minutes of non use in
measurement mode or after 1 hour if left in
calibration mode .
The meter uses an exclusive positive-locking system to ensure that the cuvette is in the same
position every time it is placed into the measurement cell. It is designed to fit a cuvette with a
larger neck making it easier to add both sample and reagents. The cuvette is made from special
optical glass to obtain best results.
The HI 96104 meter measures pH, Free and Total Chlorine and Cyanuric Acid content in water
and wastewater samples in the following ranges:
pH 6.5 to 8.5 pH units
Free Chlorine 0.00 to 5.00 mg/L (ppm)
Total Chlorine 0.00 to 5.00 mg/L (ppm)
Cyanuric Acid 0 to 80 mg/L.
The reagents are in powder and liquid form depending on the parameter and they are supplied
in dropper bottles and packets. The amount of reagent is precisely dosed to ensure the maximum
repeatability.
degree Celsius
degree Fahrenheit
milligrams per liter. mg/L is equivalent to ppm (parts per million)
milliliter
millivolts
US Environmental Protection Agency
°C:
°F:
mg/L:
mL:
mV:
USEPA:

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SPECIFICATIONS
Range pH 6.5 to 8.5 pH
Free Chlorine 0.00 to 5.00 mg/L
Total Chlorine 0.00 to 5.00 mg/L
Cyanuric Acid 0 to 80 mg/L
Resolution 0.1 pH
0.01 mg/L under 3.50 mg/L Chlorine
0.10 mg/L above 3.50 mg/L Chlorine
1 mg/L Cyanuric Acid
Accuracy pH ±0.1 pH @ 25°C
Free Cl2±0.03 mg/L ±3% of reading @ 25°C
Total Cl2±0.03 mg/L ±3% of reading @ 25°C
Cyanuric Acid ±1 mg/L ±15% of reading @ 25°C
Typical EMC Deviation ±0.1 pH
±0.01 mg/L Chlorine
±1 mg/L Cyanuric Acid
Light Source Tungsten lamp
Light Detector Silicon Photocell with narrow band interference filter @ 525 nm
Methods For pH: Phenol red method. The reaction with reagents causes a red
tint in the sample.
For Chlorine: Adaptation of the USEPA method and Standard Method
4500-Cl G. The reaction with reagents causes a pink tint in the sample.
For Cyanuric Acid: Adaptation of the turbidimetric method. The reaction
between cyanuric acid and the reagent causes a white suspension in
the sample.
Environment 0 to 50°C (32 to 122°F); max 95% RH non-condensing
Battery Type 1 x 9 volt
Auto-Shut off After 10' of non-use in
measurement mode ;
after 1 hour of non-use in calibration mode ;
with last reading reminder.
Dimensions 192 x 104 x 69 mm (7.6 x 4.1 x 2.7")
Weight 360 g (12.7 oz.).
REQUIRED REAGENTS
Code Description Quantity/test
HI93710-0 pH Phenol red 5 drops
HI93701-0 Free Chlorine DPD Powder Reagent 1 packet
HI93711-0 Total Chlorine DPD Powder Reagent 1 packet
HI93722-0 Cyanuric Acid Powder Reagent 1 packet

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PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
Absorption of Light is a typical phenomenon of interaction between electromagnetic radiation and
matter. When a light beam crosses a substance, some of the radiation may be absorbed by
atoms, molecules or crystal lattices.
If pure absorption occurs, the fraction of light absorbed depends both on the optical path length
through the matter and on the physical-chemical characteristics of the substance according to the
Lambert-Beer Law:
-log I/Io = ελ c d
or
A = ελ c d
Where:
-log I/Io=Absorbance (A)
Io=intensity of incident light beam
PRECISION AND ACCURACY
Precision is how closely repeated measurements
agree with each other. Precision is usually
expressed as standard deviation (SD).
Accuracy is defined as the nearness of a test
result to the true value.
Although good precision suggests good accuracy,
precise results can be inaccurate. The figure
explains these definitions.
In a laboratory using a standard solution of the
parameter and a representative lot of reagent
(for each parameter) the following standard
deviations were obtained:
Parameter Standard Solution Standard Deviation
pH 7.0 pH 0.1 pH units
Free Chlorine 1.00 mg/L 0.03 mg/L
Total Chlorine 1.00 mg/L 0.03 mg/L
Cyanuric Acid 20 mg/L 1 mg/L

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I=intensity of light beam after absorption
ελ=molar extinction coefficient at wavelength λ
c=molar concentration of the substance
d=optical path through the substance
Therefore, the concentration "c" can be calculated from the absorbance of the substance as the
other factors are known.
Photometric chemical analysis is based on the possibility to develop an absorbing compound
from a specific chemical reaction between sample and reagents. Given that the absorption of a
compound strictly depends on the wavelength of the incident light beam, a narrow spectral
bandwidth should be selected as well as a proper central wavelength to optimize measurements.
The optical system of Hanna's HI 96 series colorimeters is based on special subminiature
tungsten lamps and narrow-band interference filters to guarantee both high performance and
reliable results.
HI 96 block diagram (optical layout)
A microprocessor controlled special tungsten lamp emits radiation which is first optically
conditioned and beamed to the sample contained in the cuvette. The optical path is fixed by the
diameter of the cuvette. Then the light is spectrally filtered to a narrow spectral bandwidth, to
obtain a light beam of intensity Ioor I.
The photoelectric cell collects the radiation Ithat is not absorbed by the sample and converts
it into an electric current, producing a potential in the mV range.
The microprocessor uses this potential to convert the incoming value into the desired measuring
unit and to display it on the LCD.
The measurement process is carried out in two phases: first the meter is zeroed and then the
actual measurement is performed.
The cuvette has a very important role because it is an optical element and thus requires
particular attention. It is important that both, the measurement and the calibration (zeroing)
cuvettes, are optically identical to provide the same measurement conditions. Whenever possible
use the same cuvette for both. It is necessary that the surface of the cuvette is clean and not
scratched. This to avoid measurement interference due to unwanted reflection and absorption of
light. It is recommended not to touch the cuvette walls with hands.
Furthermore, in order to maintain the same conditions during the zeroing and the measuring
phases, it is necessary to close the cuvette to prevent any contamination.

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KEYPAD DESCRIPTION
•ON/OFF: to turn the meter on and off.
•ZERO/CFM: this is bi-functional key. Just press to zero the meter prior to measurement, or
confirm edited values. In calibration mode press to confirm factory calibration restore.
•READ/ /TIMER: this is a multi-functional key. In measurement mode , press to make a
measurement, or press and hold for three seconds to start a pre-programmed countdown prior
to measurement. In
GLP mode press to view the next screen.
•CAL CHECK: this is a bi-functional key. Just press to perform the validation of the meter, or
press and hold for three seconds to enter calibration mode .
•RANGE/GLP/ : this is a multi-functional key. In measurement mode , press to change the
parameter Press and hold for to enter GLP mode . In calibration mode press to edit the date
and time.
OPERATING MODES
• Measurement mode: default operation mode, enables both validation and measurement.
• Calibration mode: may be entered by keeping CAL CHECK pressed for three seconds (the
“CAL” tag appears), it enables calibration of the instrument.
• GLP mode may be entered by pressing RANGE/GLP/ (“GLP” appears), it enables
consulting of user calibration date or restore factory calibration.
1) RANGE/GLP/ key
2) CAL CHECK key
3) ZERO/CFM key
4) READ/ /TIMER key
5) ON/OFF key
6) Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)
7) Cuvette alignment indicator
8) Cuvette holder
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION

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ERRORS AND WARNINGS
The instrument shows clear messages when erroneous condition appears. Messages are also displayed
when the obtained values are outside expected range. The beeper is playing a beep on errors.
a) on zero reading
Light High: There is too much light to perform a measurement.
Please check the preparation of the zero cuvette.
Light Low: There is not enough light to perform a measurement.
Please check the preparation of the zero cuvette.
No Light: The instrument cannot adjust the light level. Please
check that the sample does not contain any debris.
DISPLAY ELEMENTS DESCRIPTION
1) The measuring scheme (lamp, cuvette, detector), appears during different phases of zero or
reading measurement
2) Error messages and warnings
3) The battery icon indicates the charge state of the battery
4) The hourglass appears when an internal check is in progress
5) Status messages
6) The chronometer appears when the reaction timer is running
7) The month, day and date icons appear when a date is displayed
8) Four digit main display
9) Measuring units
10) Four digit secondary display

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Under Range: A blinking “0.00” indicates that the sample
absorbs less light than the zero reference. Check the procedure
and make sure you use the same cuvette for reference (zero) and
measurement.
Over Range: A flashing value of the maximum concentration
indicates an over range condition. The concentration of the
sample is beyond the programmed range: dilute the sample and
re-run the test.
c) during calibration procedure
Standard Low: The standard reading is less than expected.
Standard High: The standard reading is higher than expected.
Cap error: Appears when external light enters in the analysis
cell. Assure that the cuvette cap is present.
d) other errors and warnings
Inverted cuvettes: The sample and the zero cuvette are inverted.
Zero: A zero reading was not taken. Follow the instructions of
the measurement procedure for zeroing the meter.
b) on sample reading

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GENERAL TIPS FOR AN ACCURATE MEASUREMENT
Cooling lamp: The instrument waits for the lamp to cool down.
Battery low: The battery must be replaced soon.
Dead battery: This indicates that the battery is dead and must
be replaced. Once this indication is displayed, normal operation
of the instrument will be interrupted. Change the battery and
restart the meter.
The instructions listed below should be carefully followed during testing to ensure best accuracy.
•Color or suspended matter in large amounts may cause
interference, therefore these should be removed by
treatment with active carbon and by prior filtration.
•For a correct filling of the cuvette: the liquid in the
cuvette forms a concavity on the top; the bottom of this
concavity must be at the same level of the 10 mL mark.
•Proper use of the powder reagent packet:
(a) use scissors to open the powder packet;
(b) push the edges of the packet to form a spout;
(c) pour out the content of the packet.
•Proper use of dropper:
(a) to get good reproducible results, tap the dropper on the table for several times and wipe
the outside of the dropper with a cloth.
(b) always keep the dropper bottle in a vertical position while dosing the reagent.

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•It is important that the sample does not contain any debris. This
would corrupt the reading.
•Each time the cuvette is used, the cap must be tightened to the
same degree.
•Whenever the cuvette is placed into the measurement cell, it must
be dry outside, and completely free of fingerprints, oil or dirt.
Wipe it thoroughly with HI 731318 or a lint-free cloth prior to
insertion.
•Shaking the cuvette can generate bubbles in the sample, causing higher readings. To obtain
accurate measurements, remove such bubbles by swirling or by gently tapping the cuvette.
•Do not let the reacted sample stand too long after reagent is added, or accuracy will be lost.
•It is possible to take multiple readings in a row, but it is recommended to take a new zero
reading for each sample and to use the same cuvette for zeroing and measurement.
•After the reading it is important to discard immediately the sample, otherwise the glass
might become permanently stained.
•All the reaction times reported in this manual are referred to 20°C (68°F). As a general rule
of thumb, they should be doubled at 10°C (50°F) and halved at 30°C (86°F).
•In order to maximize accuracy, prior to a measurement follow the validation procedure to
be sure that the instrument is properly calibrated. If necessary, calibrate the instrument.
STARTUP
Prepare the instrument for measurement as follows:
•Unpack the instrument by removing the dust protection sleeve from the instrument cuvette
holder.
•Place the battery in the instrument as described in the “BATTERY REPLACEMENT” chapter.
•Place the instrument on a flat table.
•Do not place the instrument under direct sun light.
(a) (b)

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•Press RANGE/GLP/ to change the range.
The range can be changed any time when the
instrument is in
measurement mode .
The selected range is memorized and the selection
remaines unchanged at power off or when the
battery is removed.
The HI 96104 can measure pH when range P1 is selected, Free Chlorine when range P2 is
selected, Total Chlorine when range P3 and Cyanuric Acid when range P4 is selected. To change
the active range follow the procedure:
•Turn the meter on by pressing ON/OFF. The
display briefly shows all tags on.
•After startup, the range identification number is
displayed on the secondary LCD as P1, P2, P3 or
P4.
RANGE SELECTION
Code Parameter
P1 pH
P2 Free Chlorine
P3 Total Chlorine
P4 Cyanuric Acid
MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE
To compensate the meter for the sample turbidity or color, the measurement takes place in two
phases. First, the meter is zeroed using the unreacted sample. After the reagents are added the
reacted sample is measured.
Important note:Free and Total Chlorine have to be measured separately with fresh unreacted
samples if both values are requested.
•Turn the meter on by pressing ON/OFF.
The display briefly shows all tags on.

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•When the beeper sounds briefly and the
LCD displays dashes, the meter is ready.
The blinking “ZERO” indicates that the
instrument needs to be zeroed first.
Note:Pay attention that the selected range
is the one desired to run measurements.
If not, change the range following the
instructions from Range Selection.
pH MEASUREMENT
•Fill the cuvette with 10 mL of unreacted
sample, up to the mark, and replace the
cap.
•Place the cuvette into the cuvette holder
and ensure that the notch on the cap is
positioned securely into the groove.
•Press ZERO/CFM and the lamp, cuvette
and detector icons will appear on the
display, depending on the measurement
phase.
•After a few seconds, the display will
show “-0.0-”. The meter is now zeroed
and ready for measurement.
•Remove the cuvette and add 5 drops of
the HI 93710-0 Phenol Red Indicator.
Replace the cap and shake gently the
solution.
•Replace the cuvette into the cuvette holder
and ensure that the notch on the cap is
positioned securely into the groove.
•Press READ/ /TIMER. The lamp, cuvette
and detector icons will appear on the
display, depending on the measurement
phase.

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•The instrument directly displays the
measured pH value on the Liquid Crystal
Display.
FREE CHLORINE MEASUREMENT
•Fill the cuvette up to the mark with 10
mL of unreacted sample and replace the
cap.
•Place the cuvette into the holder and en-
sure that the notch on the cap is positioned
securely into the groove.
•Press ZERO/CFM and the lamp, cuvette
and detector icons will appear on the
display, depending on the measurement
phase.
•After a few seconds, the display will
show “-0.0-”. The meter is now zeroed
and ready for measurement.
•Remove the cuvette.
•Add the content of one packet of
HI 93701-0 reagent. Replace the cap
and shake gently for 20 seconds (or
2 minutes in case of seawater analysis).
•Replace the cuvette into the cuvette holder
and ensure that the notch on the cap is
positioned securely into the groove.
•Press and hold READ/ /TIMER for
three seconds. The display will show
the countdown prior to measurement. An
audible “beep” indicates the end of the
countdown period.

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INTERFERENCES
Interference may be caused by:
Bromine
Iodine
Chlorine Dioxide
Ozone
Oxidized manganese and Chromium
In case of water with hardness greater than 500 mg/L CaCO3, shake the sample for approximately
1 minute after adding the reagent.
In case of water with alkalinity greater than 250 mg/L CaCO3or acidity greater than 150 mg/L
CaCO3, the color of the sample could disappear or develop only partially. To resolve this,
neutralize the sample with diluted HCl or NaOH.
•Alternatively, wait for one minute and
just press READ/ /TIMER. In both
cases, the lamp, cuvette and detector
icons will appear on the display, de-
pending on the measurement phase.
•The instrument directly displays
concentration in mg/L of free chlorine on
the Liquid Crystal Display.
TOTAL CHLORINE MEASUREMENT
•Fill the cuvette up to the mark with 10
mL of unreacted sample and replace the
cap.
•Place the cuvette into the holder and en-
sure that the notch on the cap is positioned
securely into the groove.
•Press ZERO/CFM and the lamp, cuvette
and detector icons will appear on the
display, depending on the measurement
phase.

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•After a few seconds, the display will
show “-0.0-”. The meter is now zeroed
and ready for measurement.
•Remove the cuvette and add one packet
of HI 93711-0 reagent. Replace the cap
and shake gently for 20 seconds (or
2 minutes in case of seawater analysis).
•Replace the cuvette into the cuvette holder
and ensure that the notch on the cap is
positioned securely into the groove.
•Press and hold READ/ /TIMER for
three seconds. The display will show
the countdown prior to measurement. An
audible “beep” indicates the end of the
countdown period.
•Alternatively, wait for 2 minutes and 30
seconds and just press READ/ /TIMER.
In both cases, the lamp, cuvette and
detector icons will appear on the display,
depending on the measurement phase.
•The instrument directly displays
concentration in mg/L of total chlorine
on the Liquid Crystal Display.
INTERFERENCES
Interference may be caused by:
Bromine, Iodine, Chlorine Dioxide, Ozone, Oxidized manganese and Chromium.
In case of water with hardness greater than 500 mg/L CaCO3, shake the sample for approximately
1 minute after adding the reagent.
In case of water with alkalinity greater than 250 mg/L CaCO3or acidity greater than 150 mg/L
CaCO3, the color of the sample could disappear or develop only partially. To resolve this,
neutralize the sample with diluted HCl or NaOH.

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CYANURIC ACID MEASUREMENT
•Fill the cuvette with 10 mL of unreacted
sample, up to the mark, and replace the
cap.
•Place the cuvette into the cuvette holder
and ensure that the notch on the cap is
positioned securely into the groove.
•Press ZERO/CFM and the lamp, cuvette
and detector icons will appear on the
display, depending on the measurement
phase.
•After a few seconds, the display will
show “-0.0-”. The meter is now zeroed
and ready for measurement.
•Fill a beaker up to the 25 mL mark with
the sample, add the content of one packet
of HI 93722-0 reagent and swirl gently
to mix. This is the reacted sample.
•Fill a second cuvette with 10 mL of the
reacted sample, up to the mark, and
replace the cap.
•Place the second cuvette into the cuvette
holder and ensure that the notch on the
cap is positioned securely into the groove.
•Press and hold READ/ /TIMER for three
seconds. The display will show the
countdown prior to measurement. An
audible “beep” indicates the end of the
countdown period.

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•Alternatively, wait for 45 seconds then
just press READ/ /TIMER. In both
cases, the lamp, cuvette and detector
icons will appear on the display,
depending on the measurement phase.
•At the end of measurement, the
instrument directly displays concentration
in mg/L of cyanuric acid on the LCD.
VALIDATION PROCEDURE
Use the validation procedure to ensure that the instrument is properly calibrated.
Warning:Do not validate the instrument with any standard solutions other than the HANNA CAL
CHECKTM Standards, otherwise erroneous results will be obtained.
Note: The validation is performed only for the selected parameter. For full validation of the
instrument, the following procedure must be performed for each parameter.
• Turn the meter on by pressing ON/OFF.
•When the beeper sounds briefly and the
LCD displays dashes, the meter is ready.
•Place the CAL CHECKTM Standard
HI 96710-11 Cuvette A into the cuvette
holder and ensure that the notch on the
cap is positioned securely into the groove.
•Press ZERO/CFM and the lamp, cuvette
and detector icons will appear on the
display, depending on the measurement
phase.
•After a few seconds, the display will
show “-0.0-”. The meter is now zeroed
and ready for validation.
•Remove the cuvette.

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•Place the corresponding CAL CHECKTM
Standard Cuvette B into the cuvette holder
and ensure that the notch on the cap is
positioned securely into the groove.
• Press CAL CHECK and the lamp, cuvette and
detector icons together with “CAL CHECK”
will appear on the display, depending on the
measurement phase.
• At the end of the measurement the display
will show the validation standard value.
The reading should be within specifications as reported in the CAL CHECKTM Standard
Certificate. If the value is found out of the specifications, please check that the cuvettes are free
of fingerprints, oil or dirt and repeat validation. If results are still found out of specifications,
then recalibrate the instrument.