Hanna Instruments HI 96770C User manual

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www.hannainst.com This Instrument is in
Compliance with the Directives
Instruction Manual
HI 96770C
Silica High Range
ISM

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PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION ................................................................................................ 3
GENERAL DESCRIPTION......................................................................................................... 4
ABBREVIATIONS...................................................................................................................4
SPECIFICATIONS ..................................................................................................................5
PRECISION AND ACCURACY ................................................................................................... 5
PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION .................................................................................................... 6
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION ................................................................................................... 7
ERRORS AND WARNINGS ..................................................................................................... 9
GENERAL TIPS FOR AN ACCURATE MEASUREMENT .................................................................11
STARTUP ............................................................................................................................12
MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE ................................................................................................12
VALIDATION PROCEDURE .....................................................................................................15
CALIBRATION PROCEDURE ...................................................................................................17
GLP ....................................................................................................................................20
BATTERY MANAGEMENT .......................................................................................................21
BATTERY REPLACEMENT .......................................................................................................22
ACCESSORIES .....................................................................................................................22
WARRANTY .........................................................................................................................23
Dear Customer,
Thank you for choosing a HANNA product. This manual will provide you with the necessary
information for the correct use of the instrument. Please read it carefully before using the meter. If you
need additional technical information, do not hesitate to e-mail us at [email protected].
This instrument is in compliance with directives.
Allrights arereserved. Reproductionin wholeor inpart isprohibited withoutthe writtenconsent ofthe copyrightowner,
HannaInstrumentsInc.,Woonsocket,RhodeIsland,02895,USA.
TABLE OF CONTENTS

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Please examine this product carefully. Make sure that the instrument is not damaged. If any damage
occurred during shipment, please notify your Dealer.
Each HI 96770 Ion Selective Meter is supplied complete with:
• Two Sample Cuvets and Caps
• Two CAL CHECK™ standard cuvets HI 96770-11 with Quality Certificate
• 9V Battery
• Scissors
• Tissues for wiping cuvets
• Instrument Quality Certificate
• Instruction Manual and Quick Reference Guide
• Rigid carrying case
Note:Save all packing material until you are sure that the instrument works correctly. Any defective
item must be returned in its original packing.
PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION

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degree Celsius
US Environmental Protection Agency
degree Fahrenheit
Liquid Crystal Display
milligrams per liter. mg/L is equivalent to ppm (part per million)
milliliter
millivolts
°C:
EPA:
°F:
LCD:
mg/L:
mL:
mV:
The HI 96770 is an auto diagnostic portable microprocessor meter that benefits from HANNA’s
years of experience as a manufacturer of analytical instruments. It has the advanced optical system
based on a Light Emitting Diode (LED) and a narrow band interference filter that allows most accurate
and repeatable readings. All instruments are factory calibrated and the electronic and optical design
minimizes the need of frequent calibration.
With the powerful CAL CHECK™validation function, you are able to validate good performance of your
instrument at any time. The validation procedure is extremely user friendly. Just use the exclusive
HANNA ready-made, NIST traceable standards to verify the performance of the instrument and
recalibrate if necessary.
The instrument is splash waterproof and the LED and filter units are protected from dust or dirt by a
transparent cup. This makes the instruments fulfill field applications. Display messages aid the user in
routine operation. The meter has an auto-shut off feature that will turn off the instrument after 10
minutes of non use in measurementmodeor after 1 hour if left in calibrationmode.
The meter uses an exclusive positive-locking system to ensure that the cuvet is in the same position
every time it is placed into the measurement cell. It is designed to fit a cuvet with a larger neck
making it easier to add both sample and reagents. The cuvet is made from special optical glass to
obtain best results.
The HI 96770 meter measures the molybdate reactive silica (SiO2) content in water samples in the 0
to 200 mg/L (ppm) range. The method is an adaption of the USEPA METHOD 370.1 for drinking,
surface and saline waters, domestic and industrial wastes and Standard Method 4500-SiO2C.
The reagents are in powder form and are supplied in packets. The amount of reagent is precisely dosed
to ensure the maximum repeatability.
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
ABBREVIATIONS

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Range 0 to 200 mg/L
Resolution 1 mg/L
Precision ±5 mg/L @ 100 mg/L
Typical EMC Deviation ±1 mg/L
Light Source Light Emitting Diode
Light Detector Silicon Photocell with narrow band interference filter @ 466 nm.
Method Adaptation of the USEPA METHOD 370.1 for to drinking, surface and
saline waters, domestic and industrial wastes and Standard Method
4500-SiO2C. The reaction between silica and the reagents causes a
yellow tint in the sample.
Environment 0 to 50°C (32 to 122°F); max 95% RH non-condensing
Battery Type 1 x 9 volt
Auto-Shut off After 10' of non-use in measurementmode;
after 1 hour of non-use in calibration mode;
with last reading reminder.
Dimensions 192 x 102 x 67 mm (7.6 x 4 x 2.6")
Weight 290 g (10 oz.).
REQUIRED REAGENTS
Code Description Quantity/test
HI 96770A-0 Silica HR Reagent A 1 packet
HI 96770B-0 Silica HR Reagent B 1 packet
HI 96770C-0 Silica HR Reagent C 1 packet
PrecisionPrecision
PrecisionPrecision
Precision is how closely repeated measurements
agree with each other. Precision is usually expressed
as standard deviation (SD).
AccuracyAccuracy
AccuracyAccuracy
Accuracy is defined as the nearness of a test result
to the true value.
Although good precision suggests good accuracy,
precise results can be inaccurate. The figure explains
these definitions. In a laboratory using a standard
solution of 100 mg/L silica and a representative lot
of reagent, an operator obtained with a single
instrument a standard deviation of 5 mg/L.
SPECIFICATIONS
PRECISION AND ACCURACY

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Absorption of Light is a typical phenomenon of interaction between electromagnetic radiation and
matter. When a light beam crosses a substance, some of the radiation may be absorbed by atoms,
molecules or crystal lattices.
If pure absorption occurs, the fraction of light absorbed depends both on the optical path length through
the matter and on the physical-chemical characteristics of the substance according to the Lambert-
Beer Law:
-log I/Io= ελc d
or
A = ελc d
Where:
-log I/Io= Absorbance (A)
Io= intensity of incident light beam
I= intensity of light beam after absorption
ελ= molar extinction coefficient at wavelength λ
c = molar concentration of the substance
d = optical path through the substance
Therefore, the concentration "c" can be calculated from the absorbance of the substance as the other
factors are known.
Photometric chemical analysis is based on the possibility to develop an absorbing compound from a
specific chemical reaction between sample and reagents. Given that the absorption of a compound
strictly depends on the wavelength of the incident light beam, a narrow spectral bandwidth should be
selected as well as a proper central wavelength to optimize measurements.
The optical system of HANNA's HI 96770 colorimeter is based on a Light Emitting Diode (LED)
combined with a narrow-band interference filter to guarantee both high performance and reliable
results.
HI 96770 block diagram (optical layout)
PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION

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1) GLP/ V key
2) CAL CHECK key
3) ZERO/CFM key
4) READ /TIMER key
5) ON/OFF key
6) Liquid Cristal Display (LCD)
7) Cuvet alignment indicator
8) Cuvet holder
A microprocessor controlled LED emits radiation which is first optically conditioned and beamed to the
sample contained in the cuvet. The optical path is fixed by the diameter of the cuvet. Then the light is
spectrally filtered to a narrow spectral bandwidth, to obtain a light beam of intensity Ioor I.
The photoelectric cell collects the radiation Ithat is not absorbed by the sample and converts it into
an electric current, producing a potential in the mV range.
The microprocessor uses this potential to convert the incoming value into the desired measuring unit
and to display it on the LCD.
The measurement process is carried out in two phases: first the meter is zeroed and then the actual
measurement is performed.
The cuvet has a very important role because it is an optical element and thus requires particular
attention. It is important that both, the measurement and the calibration (zeroing) cuvets, are optically
identical to provide the same measurement conditions. Whenever possible use the same cuvet for
both. It is necessary that the surface of the cuvet is clean and not scratched. This to avoid measurement
interference due to unwanted reflection and absorption of light. It is recommended not to touch the
cuvet walls with hands.
Furthermore, in order to maintain the same conditions during the zeroing and the measuring phases,
it is necessary to close the cuvet to prevent any contamination.
INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

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KEYPAD DESCRIPTION
•ON/OFF: to turn the meter on and off.
•ZERO/CFM: to zero the meter prior to measurement, to confirm edited values or to confirm
factory calibration restore.
•READ /TIMER: this is a multi-functional key. In measurementmode, press to make a measurement,
or press and hold for three seconds to start a pre-programmed countdown.
In GLPmodepress to view the next screen.
•CAL CHECK: this is a bi-functional key. Just press to perform the validation of the meter, or press
and hold for three seconds to enter calibrationmode.
•GLP/
V : this is a bi-functional key. Just press to enter GLP mode. In calibration mode press to
edit the date and time.
OPERATING MODES
•Measurement mode: default operation mode, enables both validation and measurement.
•Calibration mode: may be entered by keeping CAL CHECK pressed for three seconds (the
“CAL” tag appears), it enables calibration of the instrument.
•GLP mode may be entered by pressing GLP/
V (“GLP” appears), it enables consulting of user
calibration date or restore factory calibration.
DISPLAY ELEMENTS DESCRIPTION
1) Instrument status indicator appears during different phases of zero or reading measurement
2) Icons displayed in this area are warning or action icons, signaling next operation
3) The battery icon shows the charging level of the battery
4) The hourglass appears when the instrument is performing an internal check up
5) CAL: appears when the instrument operates in the calibrationmode
6) The month, day and date icons appear when a date is displayed
7) The chronometer appears when the reaction timer is running
8) Four digit main display
9) Measuring units
10) Four digit secondary display

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The instrument shows clear messages when erroneous condition appears. Messages are also displayed
when the obtained values are outside expected range. The beeper is playing a beep on errors.
a) on zero reading
Light High: There is too much light to perform a measurement.
Please check the preparation of the zero cuvet.
Light Low: There is not enough light to perform a measurement.
Please check the preparation of the zero cuvet.
No Light: The instrument cannot adjust the light level. Please check
that the samples does not contain any debris.
Inverted cuvets: The sample and the zero cuvet are inverted.
Zero: A zero reading was not taken. Follow the instructions of
the measurement procedure for zeroing the meter.
b) on sample reading
ERRORS AND WARNINGS
Under range: A blinking “0” indicates that the silica content in the
sample is less than 0 mg/L.

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Over Range: A flashing value of the maximum concentration
indicates an over range condition. The concentration of the
sample is beyond the programmed range: dilute the sample and
re-run the test.
c) during calibration procedure
Standard Low: The standard reading is out of range.
Standard High: The standard reading is out of range.
Cap error: the cuvet is not inserted correctly and an excess ambient
light is reaching the detector. If the cover is properly installed, then
contact your dealer or the nearest Hanna Customer Service Center.
d) other errors and warnings
Battery low: The battery voltage is getting low and the battery
needs to be replaced.
Dead battery: This indicates that the battery is dead and must be
replaced. Once this indication is displayed, the meter will lock up.
Change the battery and restart the meter.

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The instructions listed below should be carefully followed during testing to ensure best accuracy.
• For a correct filling of the cuvet: the liquid in the cuvet forms
a concavity on the top; the bottom of this concavity must be
at the same level of the 10 mL mark.
• Proper use of the powder reagent packet:
(a) use scissors to open the powder packet;
(b) push the edges of the packet to form a spout;
(c) pour out the content of the packet.
• It is important that the sample does not contain any debris. This would corrupt the reading.
• Each time the cuvet is used, the cap must be tightened to the same degree.
• Whenever the cuvet is placed into the measurement cell, it must
be dry outside, and completely free of fingerprints, oil or dirt.
Wipe it thoroughly with HI 731318 or a lint-free cloth prior to
insertion.
• Shaking the cuvet can generate bubbles in the sample, causing higher
readings. To obtain accurate measurements, remove such bubbles by
swirling or by gently tapping the cuvet.
• It is possible to take multiple readings in a row, but it is recommended
to take a new zero reading for each sample and to use the same cuvet for zeroing and measurement.
• All the reaction times reported in this manual are referred to 20°C (68°F). As a general rule of
thumb, they should be doubled at 10°C (50°F) and halved at 30°C (86°F).
• In order to maximize accuracy, prior to a measurement follow the validation procedure to be
sure that the instrument is properly calibrated. If necessary, calibrate the instrument.
GENERAL TIPS FOR AN ACCURATE MEASUREMENT

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Prepare the instrument for measurement as follows:
• Unpack the instrument by removing the cuvet holder protection from the instrument cuvet holder.
• Place the battery in the instrument as described in the “BATTERY REPLACEMENT” chapter
(see pag.22).
• Place the instrument on a flat table.
• Do not place the instrument in direct sun light.
Turn the meter on by pressing ON/OFF and follow instruction manual to perform either the
MEASUREMENT, VALIDATION or CALIBRATION PROCEDURE.
• When the beeper sounds and the LCD
displays dashes, the meter is ready. The
blinking “ZERO” indicates that the
instrument needs to be zeroed first.
• Fill the cuvet with 10 mL of unreacted
sample, up to the mark, and replace the
cap.
• Place the cuvet into the cuvet holder and
ensure that the notch on the cap is
positioned securely into the groove.
• Turn the meter on by pressing ON/OFF.
The display briefly shows all tags on.
START UP
MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE

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• Press ZERO/CFM and the instrument
status indicator will appear, depending on
the measurement phase.
• After a few seconds, the display will show
“-0.0-”. The meter is now zeroed and ready
for measurement.
• Remove the cuvet.
• Add the content of one packet of
HI 96770A-0 Silica HR reagent A and
shake until complete dissolution.
• Remove the cap and add the content of one
packet of HI 96770B-0 Silica HR reagent
B. Replace the cap and shake vigorouslyvigorously
vigorouslyvigorously
vigorously
until complete dissolutionuntil complete dissolution
until complete dissolutionuntil complete dissolution
until complete dissolution.
• Press and hold READREAD
READREAD
READ /TIMER/TIMER
/TIMER/TIMER
/TIMER for three
seconds. The display will show the
countdown. The beeper indicates the end of
countdown period.
Alternatively, wait for 10 minutes.

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• Remove the cap.
• Add the content of one packet of
HI 96770C-0 Silica HR reagent C and shake
vigorously until complete dissolution.
• Replace the cuvet into the cuvet holder and
ensure that the notch on the cap is
positioned securely into the groove.
• Wait for 2 minutes and then press
READREAD
READREAD
READ /TIMER/TIMER
/TIMER/TIMER
/TIMER.
• The instrument status indicator will appear
depending on the measurement phase.
• The instrument directly displays
concentration in mg/L of silica (SiO2) on the
LCD.
• To convert the reading to mg/L of silicon
(Si) multiply the reading by 0.467.

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•Turn the meter on by pressing ON/OFF.
• Press ZERO/CFM and the instrument status
indicator icons will appear, depending on
the measurement phase.
• Place the CAL CHECK™™
™™
™ Standard
Cuvet A into the cuvet holder and ensure
that the notch on the cap is positioned
securely into the groove.
• When the beeper sounds and the LCD
displays dashes, the meter is ready.
INTERFERENCES
• Iron (Fe2+ and Fe3+) interferes at high levels.
• Sulfide (S2-) interferes at high levels.
• Phosphates does not interfere up to 50 mg/L PO4
3-.
VALIDATION PROCEDURE
Use the validation procedure to ensure that the instrument is properly calibrated.
Warning: do not validate or calibrate the instrument with standard solutions other than the
HANNA CAL CHECK™ Standards, otherwise erroneous results will be obtained.
For accurate Validation and Calibration results, please perform test at room temperature: 18 to 25°C
(64.5 to 77.0°F)

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• After a few seconds, the display will show
“-0.0-”. The meter is now zeroed and ready for
validation.
• Remove the cuvet.
• Place the CAL CHECK™ Standard HI 96770-11
Cuvet B into the cuvet holder and ensure that
the notch on the cap is positioned securely
into the groove.
• Press CAL CHECK and the instrument status
indicator together with “CAL CHECK” will appear
on the display, depending on the measurement
phase.
• The display will show the validation standard
value. The reading should be within specifications
as reported in the CAL CHECK™ Standard
Certificate. If the value is found out of
specifications, please check that the cuvets are
free of fingerprints, oil or dirt and repeat
validation. If results are still found out of
specifications, then recalibrate the instrument.

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Note: It is possible to interrupt calibration procedure at any time by pressing CAL CHECK
or ON/OFF.
Warning: Do not calibrate the instrument with standard solutions other than the HANNA
CAL CHECK™ Standards, otherwise erroneous results will be obtained. For accurate Validation and
Calibration results, please perform test at room temperature: 18 to 25°C (64.5 to 77.0°F)
• Turn the meter on by pressing ON/OFF.
• When the beeper sounds and the LCD
displays dashes, the meter is ready.
• Enter the calibrationmodeby holding CAL
CHECK for three seconds. The display will
show “CAL” during calibration.
• Place the CAL CHECK™ Standard
Cuvet A into the cuvet holder. Ensure that
the notch on the cap is positioned securely
into the groove.
• Press ZERO/CFM and the instrument status
indicator will appear, depending on the
measurement phase.
CALIBRATION PROCEDURE

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• After a few seconds the display will show
“-0.0-”. The meter is now zeroed and ready
for calibration.
• Remove the cuvet.
• Place the CAL CHECK™ Standard HI96770-11
Cuvet B into the cuvet holder and ensure that the
notch on the cap is positioned securely into the
groove.
• Press READ /TIMER and the instrument status
indicator will appear, depending on the
measurement phase.
• After measurement the instrument will show
for three seconds the Cal Check Standard value.
Note: If the display shows “STD HIGH”, the
standard value was too high. If the display
shows “STD LOW”, the standard value
was too low. Verify that both CAL
CHECK™ Standards HI 96770-11
Cuvets A and B are free from fingerprints
or dirt and that they are inserted correctly.
• Then the date of the last calibration (e.g.:
”01.08.2007”) appears on the display, or
“01.01.2005” if the factory calibration was
selected before. In both cases the year number
is blinking, ready for date input.

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• Press GLP/  to edit the desired day
(01-31). If the key is kept pressed, the day
number is automatically increased.
Note: It is possible to change the editing
from day to year and to month by
pressing READ /TIMER.
• Press GLP/
 to edit the desired year
(2000-2099). If the key is kept pressed,
the year number is automatically increased.
• When the correct year has been set, press
ZERO/CFM or READ /TIMER to confirm.
Now the display will show the month blinking.
• Press GLP/
 to edit the desired month
(01-12). If the key is kept pressed, the
month number is automatically increased.
• When the correct month has been set,
press ZERO/CFM or READ /TIMER to
confirm. Now the display will show the day
blinking.
• Press ZERO/CFM to save the calibration
date.
• The instrument displays “Stor” for one
second and the calibration is saved. The
instrument will return automatically to
measurement mode by displaying dashes
on the LCD.
DATE INPUT
or
or

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• Press READ /TIMER to enter in the
factory calibration restore screen. The
instrument asks for confirmation before
deleting the last calibration.
• Press ZERO/CFM to restore the factory
calibration or press GLP/
 again to abort
factory calibration restore.
In the GLP mode, the last user calibration date can be consulted and the factory calibration can
be restored.
To display the calibration date:
• Press GLP/
 to enter GLP mode. The
calibration month and day will appear on
the main display and the year on the
secondary display.
LAST CALIBRATION DATE
• If no calibration was performed, the
factory calibration message, “F.CAL” will
appear on the main display and the
instrument returns to measurement mode
after three seconds.
FACTORY CALIBRATION RESET
It is possible to restore the factory calibration.
• Press GLP/
 to enter GLPmode.
GLP