HP eld User manual

eld Manual
Abstract
This manual describes how programmers can use eld, the object file linker for TNS/E,
to create loadfiles for execution on HP Integrity NonStop™ NS-series servers.
Product Version
N.A.
Supported Release Version Updates (RVUs)
This publication supports J06.03 and all subsequent J-series RVUs and H06.01 and all
subsequent H-series RVUs, until otherwise indicated by its replacement publications.
Part Number Published
527255-009 February 2012

Document History
Part Number Product Version Published
527255-004 N.A. July 2005
527255-005 N.A. May 2010
527255-007 N.A. August 2010
527255-008 N.A. May 2011
527255-009 N.A. February 2012

Legal Notices
© Copyright 2012 Hewlett-Packard Development Company L.P.
Confidential computer software. Valid license from HP required for possession, use or copying.
Consistent with FAR 12.211 and 12.212, Commercial Computer Software, Computer Software
Documentation, and Technical Data for Commercial Items are licensed to the U.S. Government under
vendor's standard commercial license.
The information contained herein is subject to change without notice. The only warranties for HP
products and services are set forth in the express warranty statements accompanying such products
and services. Nothing herein should be construed as constituting an additional warranty. HP shall not be
liable for technical or editorial errors or omissions contained herein.
Export of the information contained in this publication may require authorization from the U.S.
Department of Commerce.
Microsoft, Windows, and Windows NT are U.S. registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.
Intel, Itanium, Pentium, and Celeron are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation or its
subsidiaries in the United States and other countries.
Java® is a registered trademark of Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Motif, OSF/1, UNIX, X/Open, and the "X" device are registered trademarks and IT DialTone and The
Open Group are trademarks of The Open Group in the U.S. and other countries.
Open Software Foundation, OSF, the OSF logo, OSF/1, OSF/Motif, and Motif are trademarks of the
Open Software Foundation, Inc.
OSF MAKES NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND WITH REGARD TO THE OSF MATERIAL PROVIDED
HEREIN, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY
AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
OSF shall not be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental consequential damages in connection
with the furnishing, performance, or use of this material.
© 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993 Open Software Foundation, Inc. This documentation and the software to
which it relates are derived in part from materials supplied by the following:
© 1987, 1988, 1989 Carnegie-Mellon University. © 1989, 1990, 1991 Digital Equipment Corporation.
© 1985, 1988, 1989, 1990 Encore Computer Corporation. © 1988 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
© 1987, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991 Hewlett-Packard Company. © 1985, 1987, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991,
1992 International Business Machines Corporation. © 1988, 1989 Massachusetts Institute of
Technology. © 1988, 1989, 1990 Mentat Inc. © 1988 Microsoft Corporation. © 1987, 1988, 1989, 1990,
1991, 1992 SecureWare, Inc. © 1990, 1991 Siemens Nixdorf Informationssysteme AG. © 1986, 1989,
1996, 1997 Sun Microsystems, Inc. © 1989, 1990, 1991 Transarc Corporation.
This software and documentation are based in part on the Fourth Berkeley Software Distribution under
license from The Regents of the University of California. OSF acknowledges the following individuals
and institutions for their role in its development: Kenneth C.R.C. Arnold, Gregory S. Couch,
Conrad C. Huang, Ed James, Symmetric Computer Systems, Robert Elz. © 1980, 1981, 1982, 1983,
1985, 1986, 1987, 1988, 1989 Regents of the University of California.
Printed in the US

Hewlett-Packard Company—527255-009
i
eld Manual
Glossary Index Tables
Legal Notices
What’s New in This Manual v
Manual Information v
New and Changed Information v
About This Manual ix
Notation Conventions xi
1. Introduction to eld
eld Overview 1-1
Example Command Line 1-2
eld Functionality 1-2
Linker Version Information 1-3
Native Object Files 1-3
The Linker Command Stream 1-5
Obey Files and the Use of Standard Input 1-7
Example of Use 1-9
2. eld Input and Output
Host Platforms 2-1
Target Platforms 2-2
Filenames and The File Identifier 2-2
Output Object Files 2-4
The Creation of Output Object Files 2-5
Creating Segments of the Output Loadfile 2-6
Using a DLL Registry 2-8
Input Object Files 2-12
Using Archives 2-16
3. Binding of References
Overview 3-1
Presetting Loadfiles 3-5
To Preset or Not to Preset, and Creation of the LIC 3-7

Contents
eld Manual—527255-009
ii
4. Other eld Processing
Handling Unresolved References 3-8
Using User Libraries 3-10
Creating Import Libraries 3-11
Creating an Import Library at the Same Time That a DLL is Created 3-12
Creating Import Libraries From Existing DLLs 3-12
Ignoring Optional Libraries 3-14
Merging Symbols Found in Input Linkfiles 3-16
Accepting Multiply-Defined Symbols 3-17
Rules For Data Items 3-17
Rules for Procedures 3-18
Using the -cross_dll_cleanup option 3-19
Specifying Which Symbols to Export, and Creating the Export Digest 3-20
Processing of Code and Data Sections 3-21
Concatenating Code and Data Sections Found in the Input Linkfiles 3-21
Public Libraries and DLLs 3-22
The Public Library Registry 3-23
Finding and Reading The Public DLL Registry (ZREG) File 3-23
4. Other eld Processing
Adjusting Loadfiles: The -alf Option 4-1
Additional rules about -alf 4-3
The -set and -change Options 4-8
eld Functionality for 64-Bit 4-12
Checking the C++ Language Dialect 4-12
Renaming Symbols 4-13
Creating Linker-Defined Symbols 4-14
Updating Or Stripping DWARF Symbol Table Information 4-14
Modifying the Data Sections that Contain Stack Unwinding Information 4-15
Creating the MCB 4-15
Processing of Floating Point Versions and Data Models 4-16
Specification of the Main Entry Point 4-17
Specifying Runtime Search Path Information for DLLs 4-18
Merging Source RTDUs 4-19
5. Summary of Linker Options
6.
Output Listings and Error Handling
General Information 6-1
Error Messages 6-4

Contents
eld Manual—527255-009
iii
A. TNS/E Native Object Files
Glossary of Errors 6-126
A. TNS/E Native Object Files
The Object File Format A-1
Basic Properties of Object Files A-1
Types of TNS/E Object Files A-2
How to Distinguish the Different Types of Object Files A-3
Summary of the Contents of an Object File A-3
Code and Data Sections A-11
User Code A-12
User Data A-13
The MCB (Master Control Block) A-14
Predefined Symbols A-14
Relocation Tables A-16
How -alf Updates DWARF A-24
Finding Information About Procedures and Subprocedures in Linkfiles A-26
The DWARF Symbol Table A-26
Archives A-27
Tools That Work With Object Files A-29
Glossary
Index
Tables
Table 2-1. Parameters to the -instance_data Option 2-7
Table 4-1. The -set and -change Options 4-8
Table 5-1. Set Attributes 5-8
Table 6-1. Completion Codes - The Severity Levels of Messages 6-1
Table A-1. Types of TNS/E Object Files A-2
Table A-2. Contents of a Loadfile or Import Library A-5
Table A-3. Additional Predefined Symbols Optionally Created By The Linker In
Loadfiles A-15
Table A-4. Relocation Types A-18

Contents
eld Manual—527255-009
iv

eld Manual—527255-009
v
What’s New in This Manual
Manual Information
eld Manual
Abstract
This manual describes how programmers can use eld, the object file linker for TNS/E,
to create loadfiles for execution on HP Integrity NonStop™ NS-series servers.
Product Version
N.A.
Supported Release Version Updates (RVUs)
This publication supports J06.03 and all subsequent J-series RVUs and H06.01 and all
subsequent H-series RVUs, until otherwise indicated by its replacement publications.
Document History
New and Changed Information
Changes to the H06.24/J06.13 manual:
•In the section, The Steps in Looking for Archives and DLLs on page 2-17:
°Updated the fourth and fifth step and also added a new content on page 2-17.
°Updated information on 2-18.
•In the section, Additional rules about -alf on page 4-3:
°Updated the list on page 4-4.
•In the table, The -set and -change Options on page 4-8:
°Added a new entry on page 4-8.
Part Number Published
527255-009 February 2012
Part Number Product Version Published
527255-004 N.A. July 2005
527255-005 N.A. May 2010
527255-007 N.A. August 2010
527255-008 N.A. May 2011
527255-009 N.A. February 2012

What’s New in This Manual
eld Manual—527255-009
vi
Changes to the 527255-008 manual:
°Updated the information on the attributes for -set and -change option on
pages 4-9 and 4-10.
•Added eld Functionality for 64-Bit on page 4-12.
•In the table, Set Attributes on page 5-8:
°Added a new entry on page 5-8.
•In the title, Output Listings and Error Handling on page 6-1:
°Updated the message 1557 on page 6-95.
°Added a new message 1510 on page 6-77.
°Added a new message 1665 on page 6-124.
°Added a new message 1666 on page 6-124.
°Added a new message 1667 on page 6-125.
°Added a new message 1668 on page 6-125.
°Added a new message 1669 on page 6-125.
°Added a new message 1670 on page 6-125.
°Added a new message 1672 on page 6-125.
Changes to the 527255-008 manual:
•Added a new message 1132 on page 6-20.
Changes to the 527255-007 manual:
•Added the following linker options:
°-NS_extent_size extent-size on page 5-6
°-NS_max_extents max_extents on page 5-7
°-warn_common on page 5-12
•Updated systype attribute information under Target Platforms on 2-2.
•Added Using the -cross_dll_cleanup option on page 3-19.
•Added information about -cross_dll_cleanup on page 5-2.
•Added the following new messages:
°1233 on page 6-39 to 1236 on page 6-39
°1389 on page 6-69
°1391 on page 6-69
•Updated error message 1519 on page 6-79.