IBM ThinkPad 500 Owner's manual

COVER
IBM ThinkPad 500 S71G-3701-00
+--- Note ---------------------------------------------------------------+
¦ ¦
¦ Before using this information and the product it supports, be sure to ¦
¦ read the general information under "Notices" in topic 2.12. ¦
¦ ¦
+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
First Edition (June 1993)
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¦ Copyright International Business Machines Corporation 1993. All rights
reserved.
Note to U.S. Government users-Documentation related to Restricted
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About This Manual
This manual contains service and reference information for the IBM (*)
ThinkPad (*) 500 Computer.
The service section includes procedures for isolating problems to a
field replaceable unit (FRU), a Symptom-to-FRU Index, and a parts
listing.
The reference section includes safety information, the product
description, and locations information.
This manual should be used along with the ThinkPad Computer advanced
diagnostic tests to troubleshoot problems effectively.
+--- Important ----------------------------------------------------------+
¦ ¦
¦ If you are unfamiliar with IBM ThinkPad 500 safety information, begin ¦
¦ by reading "Safety Information" in topic 2.11. Then, continue with ¦
¦ the service or reference sections of this manual as required. ¦
¦ ¦
+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
(*) Trademark of the IBM Corporation.
IBM ThinkPad 500 HMM
¦ Copyright IBM Corp. 1993
COVER - 1

CONTENTS Table of Contents
COVER Book Cover
CONTENTS Table of Contents
1.0 ThinkPad 500 Hardware Maintenance Service
1.1 General Checkout
1.2 Undetermined Problems
1.3 Checking Power
1.4 Diagnostic Aids
1.5 Handling ESD-Sensitive Parts
1.6 Symptom-to-FRU Index
1.7 Parts
2.0 ThinkPad 500 Hardware Maintenance Reference
2.1 Product Overview
2.2 Product Description
2.3 Setup Options
2.4 Starting Setup
2.5 Utilities
2.6 Restoring the TP500 Subdirectory
2.7 System Memory
2.8 Special Tools
2.9 Specifications
2.10 Locations
2.11 Safety Information
2.12 Notices
IBM ThinkPad 500 HMM
Table of Contents
¦ Copyright IBM Corp. 1993
CONTENTS - 1

1.0 ThinkPad 500 Hardware Maintenance Service
The service section of this manual provides the necessary information for
a trained service person to diagnose a failure to the field replaceable
unit (FRU). This section includes:
General checkout
Undetermined problems
Various ThinkPad 500 computer tests
Handling ESD-sensitive parts
Symptom-to-FRU list
Parts listing
Subtopics
1.1 General Checkout
1.2 Undetermined Problems
1.3 Checking Power
1.4 Diagnostic Aids
1.5 Handling ESD-Sensitive Parts
1.6 Symptom-to-FRU Index
1.7 Parts
IBM ThinkPad 500 HMM
ThinkPad 500 Hardware Maintenance Service
¦ Copyright IBM Corp. 1993
1.0 - 1

1.1 General Checkout
The advanced diagnostic tests are intended to test only IBM products.
Non-IBM products or modified options can give false errors and invalid
responses.
+--- Important ----------------------------------------------------------+
¦ ¦
¦ If more than one error code appears, diagnose the first error code ¦
¦ received. The cause of the first error code can cause additional ¦
¦ false error codes to appear. ¦
¦ ¦
+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
+---+
¦001¦
+---+
- Power-off the system and all external devices.
- Check all cables and power cords.
Note: An external diskette drive must be attached to the system to run
the diagnostics program from a diskette. If an external diskette
drive is not attached to the system, do the following.
1. Run the POST (Power-On Self Test).
2. If you receive an error, go to "Symptom-to-FRU Index" in
topic 1.6.
3. If you suspect an undetermined problem, go to "Undetermined
Problems" in topic 1.2.
- Insert the Advanced Diagnostics diskette into the diskette drive.
- Power-on the system.
- Adjust the brightness and contrast controls.
DID YOU HEAR ONE SHORT BEEP AT THE END OF POST?
Yes No
¦ ¦
¦ +---+
¦ ¦002¦
¦ +---+
¦ Go to "Symptom-to-FRU Index" in topic 1.6.
¦
+---+
¦003¦
+---+
- If you need to bypass an error, press Esc or F1.
- If you cannot bypass the error, go to "Symptom-to-FRU Index" in
topic 1.6.
DID THE ADVANCED DIAGNOSTICS MENU APPEAR SHARP, CLEAR, STABLE, AND THE
CORRECT COLOR?
Yes No
¦ ¦
¦ +---+
¦ ¦004¦
¦ +---+
¦ Go to "Symptom-to-FRU Index" in topic 1.6.
¦
+---+
¦005¦
+---+
- Press 0 (SYSTEM CHECKOUT), then press Enter, and follow the instructions
on the screen.
DID THE INSTALLED DEVICES MENU APPEAR?
Yes No
¦ ¦
¦ +---+
¦ ¦006¦
¦ +---+
¦ Go to "Symptom-to-FRU Index" in topic 1.6.
¦
+---+
¦007¦
+---+
IS THE INSTALLED DEVICES MENU CORRECT?
Yes No
¦ ¦
¦ +---+
¦ ¦008¦
¦ +---+
¦ Add the missing device to the menu. If you cannot add the missing
¦ device to the menu, the device may be defective.
¦
+---+
¦009¦
+---+
IBM ThinkPad 500 HMM
General Checkout
¦ Copyright IBM Corp. 1993
1.1 - 1

- Press 0 (RUN TEST ONE TIME), then press Enter.
- Press Enter (SELECT ALL OPTIONS).
- For the diskette drive test, run 1 through 5 one time each.
- For the hard disk test, select 6 (RUN ALL TESTS).
- For display test, select 6 (RUN TESTS 1 THROUGH 5).
- If installed, test the external display and keyboard.
DID THE CHECKOUT MENU APPEAR AT THE END OF THE TESTS?
Yes No
¦ ¦
¦ +---+
¦ ¦010¦
¦ +---+
¦ Go to "Symptom-to-FRU Index" in topic 1.6.
¦
+---+
¦011¦
+---+
DID YOU RECEIVE AN ERROR CODE OR FAILURE SYMPTOM?
Yes No
¦ ¦
¦ +---+
¦ ¦012¦
¦ +---+
¦ The Advanced Diagnostics Tests have completed successfully. If you
¦ suspect an undetermined problem, go to "Undetermined Problems" in
¦ topic 1.2.
¦
+---+
¦013¦
+---+
DID YOU RECEIVE A 7XX ERROR OR COPROCESSOR FAILURE MESSAGE?
Yes No
¦ ¦
¦ +---+
¦ ¦014¦
¦ +---+
¦ Go to "Symptom-to-FRU Index" in topic 1.6.
¦
+---+
¦015¦
+---+
- If the coprocessor is installed properly, replace it.
- If the problems remains, replace the system board. Press Func and F1 to
set the time and date to remove the 16X errors.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
IBM ThinkPad 500 HMM
General Checkout
¦ Copyright IBM Corp. 1993
1.1 - 2

1.2 Undetermined Problems
If you have not already done so, go to "Checking Power" in topic 1.3 and
check the AC adapter and battery voltages.
If the AC adapter and battery voltages are correct and the problem
remains, do the following.
1. Power-off the ThinkPad 500 computer.
2. Remove or disconnect one of the following devices:
- Any external devices or cables
- Any PCMCIA (**) device
3. Power-on the ThinkPad 500 computer.
4. If the symptom remains, repeat steps 1, 2, and 3 until you find the
failing adapter or device.
5. If this does not solve the problem, replace the system board.
(**) Trademark of the Personal Computer Memory Card
International Association.
IBM ThinkPad 500 HMM
Undetermined Problems
¦ Copyright IBM Corp. 1993
1.2 - 1

1.3 Checking Power
To check the system power, do the following.
1. Power-off the system.
2. Remove the battery from the system.
3. Check the battery voltage. The voltage should be 8 Volts dc.
If the voltages are not correct, try recharging the battery pack.
If the voltages are correct, continue with the next step to test the
AC adapter voltage.
4. Power-off the system.
5. Unplug the AC adapter from the system.
6. Measure the voltage at the points shown.
PICTURE 1
+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
¦ Table 1. Correct AC Adapter Voltage Measurement ¦
+------------------------------------------------------------------------¦
¦ V dc ¦ + Lead ¦ - Lead ¦
+-----------------------+------------------------+-----------------------¦
¦ +13.5 ¦ 1 ¦ 2 ¦
+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
If the voltage is not correct, replace the AC adapter.
If the voltage is correct, go to "Undetermined Problems" in topic 1.2.
IBM ThinkPad 500 HMM
Checking Power
¦ Copyright IBM Corp. 1993
1.3 - 1

1.4 Diagnostic Aids
This section explains the diagnostic aids that are available for
troubleshooting problems on the system.
Screens in this section are typical; however, your screens may appear
slightly different from those in this manual.
Subtopics
1.4.1 Power-On Self Test (POST)
1.4.2 Advanced Diagnostics Diskette
1.4.3 Loading the Diagnostics Diskette
1.4.4 Formatting the Hard Disk Drive (Use Only if Needed)
1.4.5 Error Log
1.4.6 External Display Self Test
IBM ThinkPad 500 HMM
Diagnostic Aids
¦ Copyright IBM Corp. 1993
1.4 - 1

1.4.1 Power-On Self Test (POST)
Each time you power-on the system, POST is initiated. The POST takes up
to 90 seconds to complete, depending on the options installed.
The POST checks the following:
System Board
Memory
Display
Keyboard
Diskette Drive
Hard Disk Drive
Parallel Port
Serial Port
To start the POST, power-on the system. The following will happen:
1. You will hear one short beep when the POST successfully ends.
If the POST cannot be completed successfully, an error message appears
on the display accompanied by the Configuration Utility box requesting
the user to press the Esc or Enter key. When the Esc key is pressed,
the system bypasses the error and attempts to complete the POST. If
the Enter key is pressed, the Configuration Utility is shown. The user
can then try to correct the error. If a critical error is
encountered, the POST is halted.
2. The system attempts to load the operating system as customized. If an
operating system is not found, a graphic message (icon) is displayed
requesting the user to insert a diskette into the diskette drive and
press the F1 (RESUME = "F1" KEY) key to resume operation.
IBM ThinkPad 500 HMM
Power-On Self Test (POST)
¦ Copyright IBM Corp. 1993
1.4.1 - 1

1.4.2 Advanced Diagnostics Diskette
The Advanced Diagnostics diskette contains diagnostic and utility
programs.
The Advanced Diagnostics diskette is intended to test only IBM products.
Non-IBM products, prototype cards, or modified options can give false
errors and invalid system responses.
IBM ThinkPad 500 HMM
Advanced Diagnostics Diskette
¦ Copyright IBM Corp. 1993
1.4.2 - 1

1.4.3 Loading the Diagnostics Diskette
To load the diagnostics diskette, insert the Advanced Diagnostics diskette
into the diskette drive and power-on the system.
Subtopics
1.4.3.1 Accessing the Diagnostic Tests
IBM ThinkPad 500 HMM
Loading the Diagnostics Diskette
¦ Copyright IBM Corp. 1993
1.4.3 - 1

1.4.3.1 Accessing the Diagnostic Tests
To access diagnostic tests from the SELECT AN OPTION Menu, do the
following.
1. Select 0 (SYSTEM CHECKOUT), then press Enter.
2. At the Installed Devices menu, press (Y), then press Enter.
3. The SYSTEM CHECKOUT menu is then displayed.
4. Select 0or 1from the SYSTEM CHECKOUT menu.
5. Select the device to be tested.
IBM ThinkPad 500 HMM
Accessing the Diagnostic Tests
¦ Copyright IBM Corp. 1993
1.4.3.1 - 1

1.4.4 Formatting the Hard Disk Drive (Use Only if Needed)
Hard disk drives normally contain tracks in excess of their stated
capacity to allow for defective tracks. The user is notified by a
diagnostic message when the defect limit has been reached and service is
recommended.
The Advanced Diagnostics Format program is different from the operating
system format program. Before the customer can transfer information from
the backup diskettes to the hard disk drive, the hard disk drive must be
formatted using the operating system format program. Have the customer
refer to the operating system manual for a description of the hard disk
preparation commands.
Warning: All data on the selected hard disk drive will be destroyed during
a format operation or surface analysis.
After formatting the hard disk drive, copy the System files from the
Diagnostics diskette to the hard disk drive. To do this, see "Restoring
the TP500 Subdirectory" in topic 2.6.
IBM ThinkPad 500 HMM
Formatting the Hard Disk Drive (Use Only if Needed)
¦ Copyright IBM Corp. 1993
1.4.4 - 1

1.4.5 Error Log
Use the following steps to create an error log, run the diagnostic tests,
and automatically record any error messages in an error log. This
procedure is normally used to diagnose an intermittent problem.
Note: The errors must be logged to a diskette drive or to a printer. If
recording errors on a diskette, use a copy of the Advanced
Diagnostics diskette that is not write-protected. Do not run any
diskette tests when logging to a diskette drive. Do not run a
parallel port test when logging to a printer.
Subtopics
1.4.5.1 Creating the Error Log
1.4.5.2 Starting the Test
1.4.5.3 Display the Error Log
IBM ThinkPad 500 HMM
Error Log
¦ Copyright IBM Corp. 1993
1.4.5 - 1

1.4.5.1 Creating the Error Log
1. Insert the Advanced Diagnostics diskette into the diskette drive.
2. Press 0 (SYSTEM CHECKOUT), then Enter.
3. Depending on the options installed in the system, questions about
attached devices may appear on the display. Answer as required; then
press Enter.
4. Press Yor N (IS THE LIST CORRECT (Y/N)?), then Enter.
5. Press 2 (LOG UTILITIES), then Enter.
6. Press 0 (START ERROR LOG), then Enter.
7. Press 0or 1 (LOG TO DISKETTE, OR PRINTER (0/1)?), then Enter.
8. If you are logging to diskette, press A (ENTER THE DRIVE ID FOR ERROR
LOG?), then Enter.
9. Press 9 (END LOG UTILITIES), then Enter.
IBM ThinkPad 500 HMM
Creating the Error Log
¦ Copyright IBM Corp. 1993
1.4.5.1 - 1

1.4.5.2 Starting the Test
1. Press 1 (RUN TESTS MULTIPLE TIMES), then Enter.
2. Select the device you suspect has a failure, then press Enter.
3. Select the number of times the test is to be run; then press Enter.
4. Press N (WAIT EACH TIME AN ERROR OCCURS (Y/N)?), then Enter.
5. Follow any instructions on the display and select all available tests.
Note: Do not press any keys during the keyboard test.
6. To end (RUN TEST CONTINUOUSLY), press and hold the Ctrl key; then
press the Pause key. The system will complete testing and return to
the Installed Devices menu.
IBM ThinkPad 500 HMM
Starting the Test
¦ Copyright IBM Corp. 1993
1.4.5.2 - 1

1.4.5.3 Display the Error Log
1. Depending on the options installed in the system, questions about
attached devices will appear on the display. Answer as required; then
press Enter.
2. Press Yor N (IS THE LIST CORRECT (Y/N)?), then Enter.
3. Press 2 (LOG UTILITIES), then Enter.
4. Press 2 (DISPLAY LOG), then Enter.
5. Press A (ENTER THE DRIVE ID FOR ERROR LOG?), then Enter.
6. If no errors occurred, the Log Utilities menu appears. If errors are
displayed, go to "Symptom-to-FRU Index" in topic 1.6.
IBM ThinkPad 500 HMM
Display the Error Log
¦ Copyright IBM Corp. 1993
1.4.5.3 - 1

1.4.6 External Display Self Test
Be sure the display has been turned on for at least 5 minutes before you
start the display self test.
Note: This test works only on IBM displays.
Run the test as follows:
1. Power-off the system.
2. Disconnect the display cable from the system.
3. Power-on the display.
4. Adjust the contrast control to maximum.
5. Adjust the brightness control to its middle position.
6. The image on the display should be white in the center with a black
strip, 2 to 20 mm (0.08 to 0.79 in.), on one or both sides. Some
shading may occur near the edges.
IBM ThinkPad 500 HMM
External Display Self Test
¦ Copyright IBM Corp. 1993
1.4.6 - 1

1.5 Handling ESD-Sensitive Parts
Many products use parts that are known to be sensitive to electrostatic
discharge (ESD). To prevent damage when you work with ESD-sensitive
parts, observe the following instructions. Do these in addition to taking
all the usual precautions, such as switching off (O) the power before
removing logic cards.
Keep the ESD-sensitive part in its original shipping container (a
special ESD bag) until you are ready to install the part into the
machine.
Make the least possible movements with your body to prevent an
increase of static electricity from clothing fibers, carpets, and
furniture.
Put the ESD wrist strap on your wrist. Ensure the machine is turned
off (O). This discharges any static electricity in your body to the
machine frame.
Hold the ESD-sensitive part by its edge connector shroud (cover). Do
not touch its pins. If you are removing a pluggable module, use the
correct tool.
Do not place the ESD-sensitive part on the machine cover or on a metal
table. If you need to put down the ESD-sensitive part for any reason,
first put it into its special bag.
Note: Machine covers and metal tables are electrical grounds. They
increase the risk of damage because they make a discharge path
from your body through the ESD-sensitive part (large metal
objects can be discharge paths without being grounded).
Prevent ESD-sensitive parts from being accidentally touched by other
personnel, such as CSRs or customers. Reinstall machine covers when
you are not working on the machine.
If possible, keep all ESD-sensitive parts in a grounded metal cabinet
(case).
Be extra careful while working with ESD-sensitive parts when
cold-weather heating is used because low humidity increases static
electricity.
IBM ThinkPad 500 HMM
Handling ESD-Sensitive Parts
¦ Copyright IBM Corp. 1993
1.5 - 1

1.6 Symptom-to-FRU Index
The Symptom-to-FRU Index lists symptoms, errors, and the possible causes.
The most likely cause is listed first. Use this index to help you decide
which FRUs to have available when servicing a ThinkPad 500 computer.
In the following error codes, Xcan be any number.
+--- Note ---------------------------------------------------------------+
¦ ¦
¦ For IBM devices not supported by ThinkPad 500 diagnostic code, refer ¦
¦ to the manual for that device. ¦
¦ ¦
+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
Subtopics
1.6.1 Numeric Error Codes
1.6.2 No-Beep Symptoms
1.6.3 Beep Symptoms
IBM ThinkPad 500 HMM
Symptom-to-FRU Index
¦ Copyright IBM Corp. 1993
1.6 - 1