Iwatsu SY-8218 User manual

Instruction Manual
Ｂ-ＨAnalyzer
SY-8218 / SY-8219

Ⓒ2011_2017 IWATSU ELECTRIC CO., LTD. All rights reserved．

I
Introduction
◇Thank you for purchasing this IWATSU and please regularly use IWATSU lastingly in future.
◇Please read this manual before using this product, then keep the manual handy for future
reference.
◇This instruction manual describes operating precautions, operating procedure, operation
examples, and specifications.
◇In this manual, it explains based on SY-8218. Especially as long as it doesn't refuse, please
handle SY-8219 based on it.
Safety Precautions
To ensure safe operation of this product and to prevent injury to the user or damage to property,
read and carefully observe the warnings and cautions in the following sections
Definition of warnings and cautions used in this manual
Warnings
Incorrect operation or failure to observe the warning may
result in death or serious injury.
Cautions Incorrect operation or failure to observe the caution may
result in injury or damage to the instrument.
Notes
◇Parts of the contents of this manual may be modified without notice for improvements in
specifications and functions.
◇Reproduction or reprinting of the contents of this manual without prior permission from IWATSU
is prohibited.
◇If any question about this product arises, contact Iwatsu at the address listed at the end of this
manual or our sales distributors.
◇Utilities screen of this product shows settings of LAN and GPIB, and remote control option is
required to operate the functions.
◇For options written in this manual, contact our Web homepage or our sales personnel.
History
◇ May 2011: 1st edition
◇ November 2011: 2nd edition
◇ May 2012: 3rd edition
◇ July 2013: 4th edition
◇ January 2014: 5th edition
◇ July 2015: 6th edition
◇ September 2015: 7th edition
◇ May 2016: 8th edition
◇ Aug 2016: 10th edition
◇ Jun 2017: 11th edition
KML105821

II
Read the following safety information. Read the next page.
Warnings
●Do not touch the measurement POD terminal during
excitation.
Touching it during excitation may result in an
electric shock.
During measurement, put the POD cover on the POD.
This product may be used in combination with an external power amplifier (optional).
The maximum voltage and current of the exciting power amplifier may be applied to the POD
terminal which is connected to a sample.
To prevent danger, put the provided POD cover on the POD before starting measurement.
If it is detected that the POD cover is not mounted, the supply of the exciting current is
immediately shut down to stop the power supplied to the sample.
●Do not use in an environment with explosive gases.
It may cause an explosion.
During measurement, put
the POD cover firmly.

III
Read the following safety information. Read the next page.
Warnings (Continued)
●If you notice smoke, foul odor or abnormal noise,
immediately power off this product and remove the
power plug from the receptacle.
Continued use under these circumstances may result in an electric shock or fire. Set the
power switch on the front to STANDBY, turn off the main switch on the rear, and remove the
power plug from the receptacle, and then contact Iwatsu office or our sales distributors for
repair. Do not attempt to repair this product yourself.
●Make sure no water gets on or inside this product.
Do not use this product if wet, otherwise an electric shock or fire could occur. If water gets
on or inside this product, set the power switch on the front to STANDBY, turn off the main
switch on the rear, and remove the power plug from the receptacle, and then contact Iwatsu
office or our sales distributors for repair.
●Do not place this product on an unstable support
such as shaky base or inclined plane.
Dropping or falling-down of this product could result in an electric shock, injury, or fire. If this
product is dropped or its cover is broken, set the power switch on the front to STANDBY,
turn off the main switch on the rear, and remove the power plug from the receptacle, and
then contact Iwatsu office or our sales distributors for repair.
●Do not expose this product to excessive vibration or
shock.
Dropping of falling-down of this product could result in injury.
●Dropping of this product could result in injury to
your body or damage to your property.
When carrying this product, remove the measurement POD and cables and hold it by
grasping the center of the handle in two places with both hands firmly so that it should not
drop.
●Use 3-core power cord.
If not, an electric shock or fire may occur.
If power is supplied from the 2-wire receptacle using the 3-core/2-core conversion adapter,
connect the ground terminal of the 3-core/2-core conversion adapter to the ground.
If power is supplied from the 3-wire receptacle using the provided 3-core power cord,
grounding is made by the ground line of the power cord.

IV
Read the following safety information. Read the next page.
Warnings (Continued)
●Always use this product with a specified power
supply voltage.
If not, an electric shock, fire, or failure may occur. The range of operating voltage to be used
is stated on the rear panel.
This product runs on AC power supply of single-phase, 50/60Hz and AC100-240V.
No voltage selection is required, since this product automatically adapts to the power supply
voltage.
●Strictly observe items below when handling the
power cord.
If not, an electric shock or fire may occur. If the power cord is damaged, contact Iwatsu
office or our sales distributors for repair.
Do not modify the power cord. Do not pull the power cord.
Do not forcibly bend the power cord. Do not heat the power cord.
Do not twist the power cord. Do not let the power cord get wet.
Do not bundle the power cord. Do not put heavy objects on the power cord.
●Do not touch the plug of the power cord with wet
hands.
If not, an electric shock may occur.
●Do not make metal touch the blade of the power
plug.
If not, an electric shock or fire may occur.
●Do not plug too many leads into a single receptacle.
If not, a fire or overheating may occur.
●If thunder sounds, remove the power plug of this
product from the receptacle and do not use it.
If not, a fire or electric shock may occur.
●Do not remove the operation panel.
Since a high-voltage part exists inside, touching it may result in an electric shock. When
inspecting or calibrating this product, contact Iwatsu office or our sales distributors.

V
Read the following safety information. Read the next page.
Warnings (Continued)
●Do not modify this product.
Modification of it could result in an electric shock, fire, or failure.
In this product, the open security seal (Refer to the drawing for Ⅹpage and "Repair and
return of repaired product") is pasted to main unit and measurement POD. It is not possible
to respond to the repair when the open security seal is peeled off, and remodeled.
●Do not use this product when being failed.
If not, an electric shock or fire may occur. For a failure, contact Iwatsu office or our sales
distributors for repair.
●Do not put any metallic material or inflammable
object through the ventilation port.
If any foreign object is put through the ventilation port, an electric shock, fire, or failure may
occur. If any foreign object enters this product, set the power switch on the front to
STANDBY, turn off the main switch on the rear, and remove the power plug from the
receptacle, and then contact Iwatsu office or our sales distributors for repair.
●Do not put any object near to the exhaust port or
ventilation port of this product.
If not, heat accumulates inside this product, causing an electric shock, fire, or failure.
●Before inserting the power plug into the receptacle,
confirm no dust attached to it. In addition, remove
the power plug and adapter from the receptacle and
inspect/clean them once a half year or a year.
Dust may cause an electric shock, fire, or failure.

Read the following safety information. Read the next page.
Cautions
●
Set the power switch on the front to STANDBY, turn off the main switch on the rear
before connecting or disconnecting the power cord.
Connecting or disconnecting the power cord while the power switch is ON may result in an
electric shock or failure.
●
Insert the power supply plug into the receptacle firmly.
If not, an electric shock, fire, or failure may occur.
●
When disconnecting the power cord from the receptacle, pull it out by grasping the
plug.
Do not pull on the cord itself, as doing so may damage the cord and could result in an
electric shock or fire.
●
Before moving this product, confirm that external connection lines such as the
power cord and cables are removed.
The power cord and cable may be damaged causing a fire or electric shock.
●Never replace the fuse inside the main unit. Contact Iwatsu office or our sales
distributors for replacement.
●
Use 3-core power cord in accordance with the power supply voltage.
If not, a fire may occur. In addition, if a 2-core power cord is used, a fire may occur.
Unless specified when purchasing this product, the power cord suitable for 100V system
(center voltage: 100V to 120V) is attached. If the power supply voltage is 200V system
(center voltage: 200V to 240V), use 3-core power cord suitable for 200V system (optional)
specified by Iwatsu (rating voltage: 250V).
●
Do not apply an excessive voltage or current to the input connector (POWER INPUT
of the measurement POD).
If not, a fire, electric shock, damage to this product or a sample, or failure may occur.
The maximum allowable input voltage or current are as follows:
Input connector
Maximum allowable input voltage or current
Between P2-P1
±200V
Between S2-S1
±200V
POWER INPUT(SY-951 / SY-955)
±6A
(For details, see Chapter 8 ■Signal Detection Part in Instruction Manual PDF data on the CD.)
●
Do not ground the output connector or apply a voltage to the output connector.
Grounding it or applying a voltage to it may damage the ICs.
●
Please check the sample parameters and the measurement conditions beforehand
before starting the measurement.
If you measure with incorrect sample parameters and measurement conditions, excessive
current will flow through the sample and the temperature of the core and windings may
rise.
It may lead to deterioration of the core or burning of the windings. Also, exceeding the
rated output of the power amplifier may result in failure of the power amplifier or failure of
this product.
VI

VII
Read the following safety information.
Cautions (Continued)
●
Do not place any object on this product.
Otherwise, the cover may contact the internal circuits causing an electric shock, fire, or
failure.
●Always use this product only within the rated operating range.
If used over the rated range, failure may occur. The allowable range is as follows:
Only indoor use
Temperature: 5C to 35C
Humidity: 85 RH (35C, non-condensation)
●Do not expose this product to direct sunlight or high humidity.
If not, heat may accumulate inside this product, resulting in a fire.
●Do not place this product in a location with excessive moisture or dust.
If not, an electric shock or fire may occur.
●Do not expose this product to oil smoke or steam; e.g. besides cooking table or
humidifier.
A fire or electric shock may occur.
●Do not use any damaged cable or adaptor.
Otherwise, an electric shock or fire may occur.
●If this product will not be used for a long time, remove the power plug from the
receptacle for safety.
●When transporting this product, remove the measurement POD from the main unit
and use the packing material provided at the time of purchase or packing material
equivalent at least.
Excessive vibration or shock applied to this product during transportation may cause it to
malfunction, resulting in a fire. The case where a failure or damage occurs when
transporting this product with the measurement POD attached to the main unit shall not
be guaranteed.
If there is not a proper packing material/ shock absorber, contact Iwatsu office or our sales
distributors. When having this product transported by a shipping company, write "Precision
Instrument - Handle With Care" on each side of the packing box.
●When cleaning this product, remove the power plug from the receptacle for safety.
Use dry cloth to wipe water drops away.
If not, an electric shock or fire may occur.
●When turning on the switch on the rear of this product, a low frequency sound may
be generated. It does not affect characteristics and the life at all.
It is caused by a low frequency vibration in transition of chock coil for high-frequency
measures.
●This instrument is an equipment of Class A (Industrial electromagnetic environment).
There may be a difficult possibility about keeping the electromagnetic compatibility
in environments other than industrial due to conducted as well as radiated
disturbances. Avoid use in the residential areas, except when you do measures to
which the user decreases the electromagnetic emissions to prevent interference
because there is a possibility to cause interference for other equipment.

VIII
Checking packed materials
When receiving this product, check the packed materials referring to components below (for the
open bale chart, see the next page). If there is a lacked item or an item damaged during
transportation, immediately contact Iwatsu office or our sales distributors.
Components
B-H Analyzer main unit ..................................................1
Standard Measurement POD .........................................1
Accessories
Power cord ...............................................................1
Cord strap ................................................................1
POD cover................................................................1
AC couple module ....................................................1
Power amplifier cable (BNC-BNC) ............................1
OSC cable (BNC-SMA).............................................1
Standard sample (TYPE A) .......................................1
Instruction manual (CD)............................................1
User's guide .............................................................1
［Information］
In our inspection process, rubbing that has adhered to the heaven side and the bottom of
measurement POD cannot evade constructional.
There must not be influence on the performance, and please agree and put it.

IX
Open bale chart (main unit and accessories)
A
ccessories 1
Instruction manual (CD)
Standard sample
The measurement POD
and POD cover
Accessories 3
Power cord and
the like
Main unit
Outer packing box
Main unit pad
Side pads
A
ccessories 2
User‘s Guide

X
Management of product
When disposing of this product, it is necessary to recycle or dispose of it properly in accordance
with a local law or regulation. When disposing of it, request a recycle company to dispose of it in
accordance with a local law or regulation
Repair and sending of repaired product
If a failure occurs, return this product to our service center. Any failure which occurs in the term of
guarantee and for which Iwatsu is responsible should be repaired without any cost.
When sending a product to be repaired, clearly write the product name, serial number (in the label
on the rear of this product), and description of the failure, name, division, and telephone number of
responsible person.
About the open security seal
In this product, the open security seal is pasted to main unit (one place) and measurement POD
(two places) as shown in the figure below. In this product, the open security seal is pasted to main
unit (one place) and measurement POD (two places) as shown in the figure below. Please note not
responding to the repair when the open security seal is removed.

B-H ANALYZER SY-8218 / SY-8219
1
Contents
Chapter 1 Before Getting Start.................................................................................................................................................... 3
■1.1 Features ..................................................................................................................................................................................3
■1.2 Cautions for installation.......................................................................................................................................................4
■1.3 Cautions for transportation .................................................................................................................................................5
■1.4 About Windows Embedded..................................................................................................................................................6
Chapter 2 Measurement Principle.............................................................................................................................................. 7
■2.1 Basic measurement principle..............................................................................................................................................7
■2.2 Expressions to calculate measurement values.................................................................................................................8
Chapter 3 Names and Functions of Each Part........................................................................................................................ 11
■3.1 Front panel ...........................................................................................................................................................................11
■3.2 Rear panel............................................................................................................................................................................ 12
■3.3 Operation panel .................................................................................................................................................................. 13
■3.3.1 ENTRY area................................................................................................................................................................. 13
■3.3.2 SYSTEM area.............................................................................................................................................................. 15
■3.3.3 MEASUREMENT area ............................................................................................................................................. 15
■3.3.4 DISPLAY area ............................................................................................................................................................. 16
Chapter 4 Preparation Before Operation .................................................................................................................................17
■4.1 Flow before measurement................................................................................................................................................. 17
■4.2 Calculation of sample constants ...................................................................................................................................... 18
■4.3 Calculation of gain and current necessary for power amplifier.................................................................................. 19
■4.4 Turns of a sample ............................................................................................................................................................... 21
■4.5 Connection of equipments................................................................................................................................................. 22
■4.6 Connection of sample......................................................................................................................................................... 23
■4.7 Powering on and off............................................................................................................................................................ 24
Chapter 5 Setting Before Measurement...................................................................................................................................25
■5.1 Setting of Unit..................................................................................................................................................................... 25
■5.2 Setting of Information ....................................................................................................................................................... 26
■5.3 Setting of Print.................................................................................................................................................................... 27
■5.4 Setting Measuring Method............................................................................................................................................... 28
■5.5 Setting of Equipment......................................................................................................................................................... 29
Chapter 6 Measurement.............................................................................................................................................................30
■6.1 Selecting measurement mode .......................................................................................................................................... 30
■6.2 Measurement screen.......................................................................................................................................................... 31
■6.3 Input of sample constant................................................................................................................................................... 32
■6.4 Setting of measurement condition................................................................................................................................... 33
■6.5 Measurement...................................................................................................................................................................... 35
■6.6 Switching graph.................................................................................................................................................................. 36
■6.7 Cursor measurement......................................................................................................................................................... 37
■6.7.1 Cursor setting .............................................................................................................................................................. 37
■6.7.2 Cross cursor measurement (on B-H graph) ............................................................................................................ 38
■6.7.3 Grad cursor measurement (on B-H graph)............................................................................................................. 39
■6.7.4 Vertical cursor measurement (on time axis graph)................................................................................................ 40
■6.8 Scaling up/down of graph.................................................................................................................................................. 41
■6.9 Reference function.............................................................................................................................................................. 44
■6.10 USB memory output of screen hardcopy ..................................................................................................................... 46
■6.11 Save/ recall of data............................................................................................................................................................ 49
Chapter 7 Troubleshooting and Maintenance .........................................................................................................................50
■7.1 Error messages and warning messages ......................................................................................................................... 50
■7.2 Measurement results......................................................................................................................................................... 54

B-H ANALYZER SY-8218 / SY-8219
2
■7.3 Others................................................................................................................................................................................... 54
■7.4 Cleaning............................................................................................................................................................................... 55
■7.5 Calibration........................................................................................................................................................................... 55
Chapter 8 Specifications .............................................................................................................................................................56
■8.1 Oscillator output................................................................................................................................................................. 56
■8.2 Signal detector (SY-951 / SY-955)..................................................................................................................................... 56
■8.3 Measurement accuracy....................................................................................................................................................... 56
■8.4 Measurement...................................................................................................................................................................... 56
■8.5 SYNC OUT.......................................................................................................................................................................... 59
■8.6 Display equipment ............................................................................................................................................................. 59
■8.7 External memory................................................................................................................................................................ 59
■8.8 Power supply....................................................................................................................................................................... 59
■8.9 Mechanical........................................................................................................................................................................... 59
■8.10 Environmental conditions............................................................................................................................................... 59
■8.11 Certification Standards....................................................................................................................................................... 59
■8.12 Accessories......................................................................................................................................................................... 60
■8.13 Outside appearance diagram......................................................................................................................................... 60
Chapter 9 Measurement Accuracy of Core Loss......................................................................................................................... 61
■9.1 Phase angle θand core loss Pc in distorted wave ......................................................................................................... 61
■9.2 Relationship between measurement error of core loss Pc and phase angel θ(1) .................................................... 62
■9.3 Relationship between measurement error of core loss Pc and phase angel θ(2) .................................................... 63
Contacts

B-H ANALYZER SY-8218 / SY-8219
3
Chapter 1 Before Getting Start
■1.1 Features
●This product is this product to measure various types of physical amount of soft magnetic materials. It is equipped with the signal generator which
can generate both a sine wave and a square wave, excites a sample while automatically increasing a magnetic field value or a magnetic flux
density value gradually until they reach a specified value. When the value is reached, it starts measurement. In addition, not to leave any residual
magnetization in a sample after measurement, it reduces magnetization by automatically applying an attenuation alternating magnetic field.
This product has also features below:
■By reviewing a sample for a calibration standard, it can make more accurate and more stable measurement than the Iwatsu existing product for
core loss and the like
■Since the number of pieces of obtained waveform data is 8,192 points/ cycle; i.e. 16 times as many as the Iwatsu existing product, it can
measure coercive force, residual magnetic flux density and the like with high accuracy.
■It can execute not only sine wave excitation but also pulse excitation (max.: 1 MHz, Duty 50 %, symmetry).
■Because of Reference function installed, it can compare B-H hysteresis loops which are measured under two different measurement
conditions.
■Because of two types of cursor measurement functions (Cross and Grad) installed, it can display a measurement value and permeability at an
arbitrary point
■Measurement data and measurement conditions can be stored in the CSV format with punctuation using tabs and screen hard copy can be
stored in a USB memory in JPEG or PNG format.
■Measurement data and measurement conditions stored in a USB memory can be recalled to draw the stored data again and to make settings.
■It has the function to storage setting conditions before powering off and when it starts next time, it uses them.

B-H ANALYZER SY-8218 / SY-8219
4
■1.2 Cautions for installation
●Use this product within a specified range of temperature and humidity.
If exposed to direct sunlight or used outside an operating range; e.g. high humidity, it may fail.
Ranges of temperature and humidity for usage are as follows:
■Only indoor use
■Temperature: 5 C to 35 C (operation guaranteed range)
■Humidity: 85 % RH (+35 C, non-condensation, operation guaranteed range)
●Do not place this product in a location with excessive moisture or dust.
Otherwise, electric shock or fire may occur.
●Do not place an object on this product.
If an object is placed on this product, the cover may contact the internal circuit, resulting in electric shock, fire, or failure.
●Do not place an object near to the exhaust port or ventilation port of this product.
Otherwise, heat may accumulate inside this product, resulting in electric shock, fire, or failure.
●If this product falls, its impact may cause your body or property to be damaged. When carrying it, remove the measurement POD and cables
and hold it by grasping the handle in two places at the center with both hands securely so that it does not fall.

B-H ANALYZER SY-8218 / SY-8219
5
■1.3 Cautions for transportation
●When transporting this product, remove the measurement POD from the main unit and use the packing material attached at the time of
purchase or equivalent.
The case where a failure or damage occurs when transporting this product with the measurement POD attached to the main unit shall not be
guaranteed.
●Remove the measurement POD as follows:
①Loose two clamp knobs on the front of the measurement POD by rotating them counterclockwise.
②Apply both hands on both sides of the measurement POD and pull the measurement POD to your side horizontally along the guide rails.
Never use excessive power to pull it; otherwise, the measurement POD or guide rails may be damaged.
●Installation of the measurement POD is done in the reverse procedure of removing it, as follows:
①Apply both hands on both sides of the measurement POD and insert it in the POD installation opening of the main unit, and press it along the
guide rails to the bottom.
Never use excessive power to install it; otherwise, the measurement POD or guide rails may be damaged.
②Install the measurement POD by clockwise rotating two clamp knobs on the front
Fig.1-1 POD clamp knobs
POD clamp knobs

B-H ANALYZER SY-8218 / SY-8219
6
■1.4 About Windows Embedded
●This product uses Windows Embedded Standard as the operating system but it is not disclosed to a customer. If behaviors below cause a
failure or damage, this product shall not be guaranteed and repaired.
■Never connect a keyboard or a mouse to the USB port of this product; i.e. operation is not guaranteed.
■Never connect other than a USB memory and options specified by Iwatsu to the USB port of this product; i.e. operation is not guaranteed.
■Never insert any customer's file in C or D drive of this product using an illegal method or never install your application software.

B-H ANALYZER SY-8218 / SY-8219
7
Chapter 2 Measurement Principle
■2.1 Basic measurement principle
The basic measurement principle used by this product to obtain a magnetic field
strength H and a magnetic flux density B generating in a sample to be measured is
explained using the 2-coil method.
Fig.2-1 shows a measured sample to which the primary turns are applied for
excitation (No. of turns: N1) and the secondary turns are applied for
detecting the magnetic flux density (No. of turns: N2). Fig.2-2 shows
the diagram outlining a measured sample connected to this product
using the optional power amplifier.
The signal generator built in this product generates an excitation signal and
the power amplifier amplifies the signal, allowing the exciting current i1(t) to flow
through the primary turns.
Fig.2-1 Shape of sample
The exciting signal i1(t) is converted into a voltage Vs (t) by the shunt resistor
with a resistance value of Rs built in this product.
Fig.2-2 Diagram outlining a measured sample connecting to this product
Therefore, the magnetic field strength H (t) generating in the measured sample can be obtained using:
  
se
s
eRL tVN
LtiN
tH 



111 (2.1)
An induced voltage V2(t) is also generated between both sides of the secondary turns. Therefore, the magnetic flux density B (t) in the
measured sample can be obtained using:
(2.2)
N2 N1
AeVe
1次巻線
2次巻線
+
-
+
-
RSV2
(t)
VS(t)
i1(t)
信号発生器
パワ－アンプ 被測定試料
N1: No. of primary turns
N2: No. of secondary turns
Ae: Effective net core area
Le: Effective length of magnetic path
Ve: Effective volume
Primary tu
r
n
s
Secondary turn
s
Power amplifie
r
A
measured sample
Signal generato
r



t
e
dV
AN
tB 02
2
1
)(


B-H ANALYZER SY-8218 / SY-8219
8
■2.2 Expressions to calculate measurement values
●The following is explanation of expressions to calculate values measured by this product.
This product uses two measurement modes of Normal mode and μmode,and Table 2-1 shows measurement values displayed in each
calculation mode.
The calculation difference point of Normal mode and μmode is the following. In μmode, the complex permeability from fundamental wave
element of intensity of the magnetic field H and magnetic flux density B is calculated. In Normal mode, the value which is not calculated by using
them is calculated. Refer to the following expressions for details
Table 2-1 Calculation modes and measurement values
Units in [ ] are typical. The symbol to which *adheres is calculated from the fundamental wave element.
Calculation
modes
Normal mode μmode
Symbol Typical
unit Meaning Symbol Typical unit Meaning
Measurement values
Pcv [W/m3] Core loss per volume Bm [T] Max. magnetic flux
densit
y
Pcm [W/kg] Core loss per mass V2m [V] Max. induced voltage
θ[deg] Phase angle Hm [A/m] Max. magnetic field
μa－Relative permeability I1m [A] Max. exciting current
Bm [T]
Max. magnetic flux
densit
y
μa－Relative permeability
V2m [V] Max. induced voltage ＊
L [H] Inductance
Br [T]
Residual magnetic flux
densit
y
＊
R [Ω] Resistance
Hm [A/m] Max. magnetic field ＊
|Z| [Ω] Impedance
Hc [A/m] Coercive force Pc [W] Core loss
Pc [W] Core loss ＊
μ′ －Complex permeabilit
y
(
real
p
art
)
VA [VA] Apparent power ＊
μ″ －Complex permeabilit
y
(
ima
g
inar
y
p
art
)
I1m [A]
Max. exciting current ＊
μz－Impedance permeability
Br/Bm －Rectangular ratio ＊
θ[deg] Phase angle
2Φm [Wb]
Total flux linkage ＊
Q －Quality coefficient
－－－＊
tanδ－Loss coefficient
－－－THD [dB] Total harmonic distortion
Expressions used by this product to calculate each value shown in Table 2-1 are as follows:
■Hm, Hc, Bm, Br, μa, Br/Bm, 2Φm
For symbols, see Figure 2-3.
(2.3)
(2.4)
(2.5)
(2.6) Fig.2-3 Hm, Hc, Bm, Br, μa
Hc
Hc
Br
Br
μａ
Bm
Bm
Hm
Hm
2

mm
m
HH
H
2

mm
m
BB
B
2

cc
c
HH
H
2

rr
r
BB
B