4.1 SPEEDS FOR NORMAL OPERATION.........................................................................36
4.2 BEST ANGLE OF CLIMB SPEED.................................................................................36
4.3 BEST RATE OF CLIMB SPEED...................................................................................36
4.4 PREFLIGHT INSPECTION ..........................................................................................37
4.4.1 Remove Covers / Release Aircraft ........................................................................37
4.4.2 Pre-flight Inspections.............................................................................................38
4.5 NORMAL PROCEDURES CHECK LISTS....................................................................41
4.5.1 Before Starting Engine..........................................................................................41
4.5.2 Starting Engine - Cold...........................................................................................41
4.5.3 Taxiing..................................................................................................................41
4.6 BEFORE TAKE-OFF ........................................................................................................42
4.6.1 Ground Check & Run Up.......................................................................................42
4.6.2 Pre Take-Off.........................................................................................................42
4.7 TAKE-OFF,FLIGHT &LANDING........................................................................................42
4.7.1 Take-Off................................................................................................................42
4.7.2 Cruise...................................................................................................................43
4.7.3 Descent ................................................................................................................43
4.7.4 Before Landing (and flight below 1000ft AGL).......................................................43
4.7.5 Approach..............................................................................................................43
4.7.6 Normal Landing.....................................................................................................43
4.7.7 After Landing/Securing..........................................................................................43
4.8 SPECIAL PROCEDURES ..................................................................................................44
4.8.1 Baulked Landing...................................................................................................44
4.9 AMPLIFIEDPROCEDURES........................................................................................44
4.9.1 Preflight Inspection ...............................................................................................44
4.9.2 Electric Fuel Gauges (where equipped): ...............................................................44
4.9.3 Starting Engine .....................................................................................................44
4.9.4 Taxiing..................................................................................................................45
4.9.5 Engine Management –Ground Running...............................................................45
4.9.6....................................................................................................................................45
4.9.7 Take-Off................................................................................................................46
4.9.8 Climb ....................................................................................................................46
4.9.9 Cruise...................................................................................................................46
4.9.10 Stalls.................................................................................................................47
4.9.11 Approach and Landing ......................................................................................47
4.9.12 Cross Wind Landing..........................................................................................47
4.9.13 Baulked Landing................................................................................................47
4.9.14 Flight Over Water..............................................................................................47
4.10 ADVANCED PROCEDURES ...........................................................................................48
4.10.1 Short Field Take-Off..........................................................................................48
4.10.2 Short Field Landing ...........................................................................................49
4.10.3 Soft Field Take-Off ............................................................................................49
4.10.4 Soft Field Landing..............................................................................................50
4.10.5 Crosswind Take-Off...........................................................................................51
4.10.6 Crosswind Landing –“Wing Low” Method..........................................................51
4.10.7 Crosswind Landing –“Crab” Method .................................................................52
4.10.8 S-Turns .............................................................................................................53
4.10.9 Side Slips..........................................................................................................53
5PERFORMANCE.............................................................................................................54
5.0 TAKE OFF AND LANDING DISTANCES......................................................................54
5.1 RATE OF CLIMB..........................................................................................................54
