Jadak PHOTO RESEARCH SpectraScan PR-655 User manual

PR-655/670 SpectraScan®
User Manual
PHOTO RESEARCH
7279 William Barry Blvd.
North Syracuse, NY 13212
Phone: (315) 701 - 0678
FAX: (315) 701 - 0679
Email: [e-mail]
URL: www.photoresearch.com

This page intentionally left blank.

Notice
The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice. If there are any questions
pertaining to the use of this system, contact JADAK.
Jadak and Novanta shall not be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental consequential damages in
connection with the furnishing, performance, or use of this system.
This document contains proprietary information that is protected by copyright. All rights are reserved
worldwide. No part of this document may be reproduced photographically, electronically or by any other means
without the express written permission from Novanta.
© 2019 Novanta. All rights reserved worldwide.
PR is a registered trademark of JADAK
PHOTO RESEARCH, Inc. is a registered trademark of Novanta
Pritchard is a registered trademark of Novanta.
Automatic Adaptive Sensitivity is a registered trademark of Novanta
Windows is a registered trademark of Microsoft.

Customer Support
PHOTO RESEARCH, Inc. has support services available to users in case of problems using the
PR-655/670.
PHOTO RESEARCH, Inc. personnel are available from 8:00 AM to 4:30 PM (Eastern Time) Monday through Friday,
except legal holidays, to aid in technical support.
Call [phone], FAX: [phone] or e-mail: for technical support - [e-mail] for
instrument repair or calibration [e-mail] for technical support. If calling, please have the
following information ready:
•Instrument Model
•Instrument Serial Number
•This manual
•Any printed data you feel might aid in resolving the problem - such as test data.

PR-655/670 User Manual
i
Table of Contents
Introduction..................................................................................................................................... 1
Standard Equipment.................................................................................................................... 1
System Overview............................................................................................................................. 1
LCD Screen ................................................................................................................................... 2
System Information............................................................................................................ 2
Graphical User Interface (GUI) ........................................................................................... 2
Title Bar .............................................................................................................................. 5
System Status Icons............................................................................................................ 5
Command Bar..................................................................................................................... 6
Back Button ........................................................................................................................ 6
Making Measurements....................................................................................................... 6
Viewing Measurements...................................................................................................... 6
I/O ports....................................................................................................................................... 7
1. Remote Head Port ................................................................................................... 7
2. External Trigger Connector...................................................................................... 8
3. Power Connector................................................................................................... 10
1. Mini USB 1.1 Connector ........................................................................................ 10
2. RS-232 Connector - optional ................................................................................. 11
Battery ....................................................................................................................................... 11
Inserting the Battery......................................................................................................... 13
Removing the Battery....................................................................................................... 13
Charging the Battery ........................................................................................................ 14
Connecting the AC Adapter.............................................................................................. 14
Instrument Storage.................................................................................................................... 15

PR-655/670 User Manual
ii
Standard Objective Lens............................................................................................................ 15
Installing and /Removing the Standard Lens.................................................................... 15
Removing the Objective Lens........................................................................................... 16
Installing the Objective Lens ............................................................................................ 16
Software..................................................................................................................................... 17
SpectraWin™ 2 Software.................................................................................................. 17
SpectraWin 2 RGB Display Cal Module............................................................................. 17
Windows Driver Dynamic Link Library (.DLL) ................................................................... 17
User Self Calibration Software ......................................................................................... 18
Optical Accessories .................................................................................................................... 19
Neutral Density (ND) Filters ............................................................................................. 19
Variable Focus Lenses....................................................................................................... 20
Fixed Focus Lenses ........................................................................................................... 21
Setup.............................................................................................................................................. 22
Introduction............................................................................................................................... 22
Before you Begin Using the Instrument .................................................................................... 22
Calibrating the Touch Screen Display............................................................................... 22
Setting Instrument Preferences ....................................................................................... 24
Instrument Setup Instructions................................................................................................... 29
Selecting an Aperture (PR-670 only) ................................................................................ 30
Selecting a Primary Accessory.......................................................................................... 30
Selecting an Add-on Accessory......................................................................................... 30
Setting the Number of Measurements to Average.......................................................... 30
Setting Adaptive Exposure Time ...................................................................................... 31
Setting a Fixed Exposure Time.......................................................................................... 31
Setting the Instrument Sensitivity Range (PR-670 Only).................................................. 32

PR-655/670 User Manual
iii
Setting the Measurement Speed (PR-670 Only) .............................................................. 33
Setting the SYNC Mode .................................................................................................... 33
Setting Smart Dark Mode (PR-670 Only).......................................................................... 34
File Settings................................................................................................................................ 35
Accessing the File Setting Screen ..................................................................................... 35
SD File Field ...................................................................................................................... 35
Creating a New Measurement File................................................................................... 36
Deleting a Measurement File ........................................................................................... 37
Renaming a Measurement File......................................................................................... 37
Auto Save.......................................................................................................................... 38
Auto Save on Shutdown ................................................................................................... 38
Explorer Settings........................................................................................................................ 39
Accessing the Explorer Settings Screen............................................................................ 39
Current View..................................................................................................................... 39
Recalling measurements stored on SD card..................................................................... 40
Utilities....................................................................................................................................... 41
Restoring Calibration/Illuminants .................................................................................... 41
Updating Firmware........................................................................................................... 42
Advanced Setup......................................................................................................................... 44
Custom Spectral Calibration............................................................................................. 44
CIE Pass / Fail (Optional)................................................................................................... 47
Theory of Operation...................................................................................................................... 53
Measurements .............................................................................................................................. 57
Measurement Modes ................................................................................................................ 57
Standard Mode................................................................................................................. 57
L*u*v* / L*a*b* Modes ................................................................................................... 57

PR-655/670 User Manual
iv
RGB Display Cal (Standard on PR-670, Optional on PR-655)............................................ 61
Standard Illuminants.................................................................................................................. 67
Measurement Types.................................................................................................................. 68
Luminance / Radiance ...................................................................................................... 68
Illuminance / Irradiance ................................................................................................... 73
Luminous / Radiant Intensity ........................................................................................... 77
Luminous / Radiant Flux................................................................................................... 81
Timed Measurements................................................................................................................ 84
Setting Timed Measurements Parameters....................................................................... 85
Connectivity................................................................................................................................... 86
USB............................................................................................................................................. 86
Installing the USB Driver (Windows XP only) ................................................................... 86
USB Hub Type................................................................................................................... 89
Determining USB Hub Power on Windows XP ................................................................. 89
Setting USB Hub Type....................................................................................................... 91
Bluetooth* (optional) ................................................................................................................ 92
Installing the (Photo Research supplied) Bluetooth Adapter Driver on Host .................. 92
Enable/Disable Bluetooth............................................................................................... 100
Bluetooth Discovery Mode............................................................................................. 101
Pairing PR-655/670 with a HOST .................................................................................... 102
RS-232 (optional) ..................................................................................................................... 107
Hardware Protocol ......................................................................................................... 107
Selecting RS-232 Baud Rate............................................................................................ 108
Remote Control Mode................................................................................................................. 109
Installing the USB Driver.......................................................................................................... 109
Using Remote Control Commands........................................................................................... 110
Entering Remote Mode............................................................................................................ 113

PR-655/670 User Manual
v
PR-650 Remote Mode Compatibility (PR-655 Only)................................................................ 114
Enable/Disable PR-650 Emulation Mode ....................................................................... 114
Remote Control Command Summary...................................................................................... 115
Remote Control Command Detail............................................................................................ 116
Setup Commands..................................................................................................................... 118
Measurement and Data Send Codes.............................................................................. 124
Data Code Summary....................................................................................................... 125
Data Code Details........................................................................................................... 126
Remote Control Error Codes.................................................................................................... 133
Remote Control Measurement Errors............................................................................ 133
Remote Control Parsing Errors....................................................................................... 133
Routine Maintenance.................................................................................................................. 135
Cleaning Lenses / Optical Accessories ..................................................................................... 135
Cleaning Exterior Surfaces ....................................................................................................... 135
Recalibration............................................................................................................................ 135
Factory Repair.......................................................................................................................... 136
In-Warranty Repair......................................................................................................... 136
Out-of-Warranty Repair ................................................................................................. 136
Specifications............................................................................................................................... 137
General Specifications ............................................................................................................. 137
PR-655 ............................................................................................................................ 137
PR-670 ............................................................................................................................ 138
PR-655 / PR-670 Lens Chart............................................................................................ 140
PR-655 Sensitivity Chart (cd/m²).............................................................................................. 141
PR-670 Sensitivity Chart........................................................................................................... 142
PR-655 / PR-670 Outline Drawings .......................................................................................... 143

PR-655/670 User Manual
i
Table of Figures
FIGURE 1-PR-655/670 SPECTRASCAN.............................................................................................................................1
FIGURE 2-PR-670 STARTUP SCREEN.................................................................................................................................2
FIGURE 3-PR-680/680L SYSTEM MENU..........................................................................................................................3
FIGURE 4-PR-655/670 TITLE BAR ...................................................................................................................................5
FIGURE 5-PR-655/670 MEASUREMENT COMMAND BAR ....................................................................................................6
FIGURE 6-PR-655/670 MEASUREMENT VIEW COMMAND BAR ............................................................................................6
FIGURE 7-PR-655/670 I/O PORT PANEL ..........................................................................................................................7
FIGURE 8-AUXILIARY REMOTE HEAD CONNECTOR................................................................................................................7
FIGURE 9-EXTERNAL TRIGGER PIN-OUT..............................................................................................................................8
FIGURE 10 -SAMPLE EXTERNAL TRIGGER INPUT CIRCUIT DRIVERS ............................................................................................9
FIGURE 11 -SAMPLE EXTERNAL TRIGGER OUTPUT CIRCUIT .................................................................................................. 10
FIGURE 12 -PR-655/670 POWER CONNECTOR........................................................................................................ 10
FIGURE 13 -MINI-B USB CONNECTOR ..................................................................................................................... 10
FIGURE 14 -PR-655/670 RS-232 OPTION................................................................................................................. 11
FIGURE 15 -PR-655/670 BATTERY COMPARTMENT CLOSE UP................................................................................ 12
FIGURE 16 -INSERTING BATTERY INTO THE PR-655/670......................................................................................... 13
FIGURE 17 -REMOVING BATTERY FROM PR-655/670 ............................................................................................. 13
FIGURE 18 -MS-75 OBJECTIVE LENS ........................................................................................................................ 15
FIGURE 19 -INITIAL SCREEN........................................................................................................................................... 22
FIGURE 20 -SYSTEM MENU ........................................................................................................................................... 23
FIGURE 21 -CALIBRATE TOUCH SCREEN ........................................................................................................................... 23
FIGURE 22 -SYSTEM MENU .......................................................................................................................................... 24
FIGURE 23 -PREFERENCES MENU................................................................................................................................... 24

PR-655/670 User Manual
ii
FIGURE 24 -POWER SAVING MENU................................................................................................................................ 25
FIGURE 25 -BRIGHTNESS AND CONTRAST SCREEN............................................................................................................. 26
FIGURE 26 -SOUNDS AND ALERTS SCREEN....................................................................................................................... 27
FIGURE 27 -DATE AND TIME SCREEN.............................................................................................................................. 28
FIGURE 28 -MAIN SCREEN............................................................................................................................................ 29
FIGURE 29 -SYSTEM MENU .......................................................................................................................................... 29
FIGURE 30 -PR-655 INSTRUMENT SETUP ....................................................................................................................... 29
FIGURE 31 -PR-670 INSTRUMENT SETUP ....................................................................................................................... 29
FIGURE 32 –MEASUREMENT AVERAGE ENTRY SCREEN...................................................................................................... 31
FIGURE 33 –EXPOSURE TIME ENTRY SCREEN ................................................................................................................... 32
FIGURE 34 -SYNC PERIOD DATA ENTRY SCREEN .............................................................................................................. 34
FIGURE 35 -SECURE DIGITAL CARD FILE SETTINGS............................................................................................................. 35
FIGURE 36 -MEASUREMENT FILE DOES NOT EXIST ON SD CARD....................................................................................... 36
FIGURE 37 -SD CARD NEW MEASUREMENT FILE NAME ENTRY............................................................................................. 36
FIGURE 38 -SECOND CHARACTERS SET ............................................................................................................................ 37
FIGURE 39 -MEASUREMENT FILE RENAME....................................................................................................................... 38
FIGURE 40 -AUTO SAVE ON SHUTDOWN PROMPT ............................................................................................................. 38
FIGURE 41 -EXPLORER SETTINGS.................................................................................................................................... 39
FIGURE 42 -FILE EXPLORER ........................................................................................................................................... 40
FIGURE 43 -UTILITIES MENU......................................................................................................................................... 41
FIGURE 44 -PR-655/670 UTILITIES MENU ..................................................................................................................... 42
FIGURE 45 -PR-655/670 FIRMWARE UPDATE PROMPT.................................................................................................... 43
FIGURE 46 –SPECTRUM MEASURED BY THE PR-655 AND PR-670...................................................................................... 53
FIGURE 47 -PR-655 /PR-670 SIMPLIFIED BLOCK DIAGRAM ............................................................................................. 53

PR-655/670 User Manual
iii
FIGURE 48 –PR-655 /PR-670 SPECTROMETER .............................................................................................................. 54
FIGURE 49 -CIE 1931 TRISTIMULUS FUNCTIONS.............................................................................................................. 55
FIGURE 50 -L*U*V*SETUP SCREEN............................................................................................................................... 58
FIGURE 51 -FILE RECALL SCREEN ................................................................................................................................... 58
FIGURE 52 -STANDARD ILLUMINANTS SCREEN ................................................................................................................. 58
FIGURE 53 -L*U*V*SETUP SCREEN ............................................................................................................................... 59
FIGURE 54 -L*U*V*RESULT SCREEN ............................................................................................................................. 60
FIGURE 55 -RGB DISPLAY CAL SETUP SCREEN ................................................................................................................. 61
FIGURE 56 -RGB PHOSPHOR SELECT SCREEN................................................................................................................... 62
FIGURE 57 -SELECT RGB ILLUMINANT SCREEN................................................................................................................. 64
FIGURE 58 -RGB DISPLAY CAL SETUP SCREEN ................................................................................................................. 64
FIGURE 59 -YXY DATA ENTRY SCREEN............................................................................................................................ 65
FIGURE 60 -RGB DATA ENTRY ...................................................................................................................................... 66
FIGURE 61 -RGB MEASUREMENT SCREEN ...................................................................................................................... 67
FIGURE 62 -STANDARD ILLUMINANTS SCREEN ................................................................................................................. 68
FIGURE 63 -ILLUMINANCE /LUMINANCE CONCEPT........................................................................................................... 69
FIGURE 64 -MS-75 LENS ............................................................................................................................................. 69
FIGURE 65 -PR-655 /PR-670 FOCUSING ...................................................................................................................... 70
FIGURE 66 -APERTURE ALIGNMENT ............................................................................................................................... 70
FIGURE 67 -INSTRUMENT SETUP MENU.......................................................................................................................... 71
FIGURE 68 -FP-655 /FP-670...................................................................................................................................... 71
FIGURE 69 -LA-655 /LA-670 LUMINANCE ADAPTOR ...................................................................................................... 72
FIGURE 70 -ILLUSTRATION OF ILLUMINANCE .................................................................................................................... 73
FIGURE 71 -CR-655 /CR-670 ..................................................................................................................................... 74

PR-655/670 User Manual
iv
FIGURE 72 -ICC-655 /670 INTEGRATING SPHERE ........................................................................................................... 75
FIGURE 73 -ILLUSTRATION OF LUMINOUS INTENSITY ......................................................................................................... 77
FIGURE 74 -LR-55 LED RECEPTOR ................................................................................................................................ 78
FIGURE 75 -LR-127 .................................................................................................................................................... 80
FIGURE 76 -IS-655 /IS-670 OUTER VIEW ..................................................................................................................... 81
FIGURE 77 –IS-655 /IS-670 INSIDE VIEW ..................................................................................................................... 82
FIGURE 78 -HEIGHT ADJUSTMENT............................................................................................................................ 83
FIGURE 79 -TIMED MEASUREMENTS SCREEN................................................................................................................... 84
FIGURE 80 -MEASUREMENT INTERVAL ENTRY FIELD ......................................................................................................... 85
FIGURE 81 -WINDOWS XP NEW HARDWARE WIZARD........................................................................................................ 86
FIGURE 82 -PR-655/670 USB DRIVER INSTALL .............................................................................................................. 87
FIGURE 83 -PR-655/670 USB DRIVER LOCATION SELECTION............................................................................................ 87
FIGURE 84 -WINDOWS XP COMPATIBILITY WARNING FOR PR-655/670 USB DRIVER ......................................................... 88
FIGURE 85 -PR-655/670 USB DRIVER INSTALL COMPLETE................................................................................................ 88
FIGURE 86 -SYSTEM PROPERTIES SCREEN........................................................................................................................ 89
FIGURE 87 -USB POWER SCREEN .................................................................................................................................. 90
FIGURE 88 -BLUETOOTH/USB CONNECTIVITY MENU......................................................................................................... 91
FIGURE 89 -BLUETOOTH TOPOLOGY ............................................................................................................................... 92
FIGURE 90 -PR-6XX INSTALLER...................................................................................................................................... 93
FIGURE 91 -PR-6XX INSTALLER LICENSE AGREEMENT SCREEN............................................................................................ 93
FIGURE 92. PR-6XX USB DRIVER INSTALL LOCATION README............................................................................................ 94
FIGURE 93 -PR-6XX INSTALLER INSTALL DIRECTORY SELECTION ........................................................................................... 94
FIGURE 94 -PR-6XX INSTALLER NON DEFAULT DIRECTORY SELECTION................................................................................... 95
FIGURE 95 -PR-6XX UTILITIES COMPONENT SELECTION ..................................................................................................... 95

PR-655/670 User Manual
v
FIGURE 96 -PR-6XX INSTALLER START INSTALLATION......................................................................................................... 96
FIGURE 97 -PR-6XX UTILITIES INSTALLATION FINISH.......................................................................................................... 96
FIGURE 98 -WIDCOMM BLUETOOTH SOFTWARE INSTALLER............................................................................................. 97
FIGURE 99 -WIDCOMM DRIVER INSTALLATION COMPLETED ............................................................................................. 97
FIGURE 100 -MY BLUETOOTH PLACES ICON .................................................................................................................... 97
FIGURE 101 -INITIAL BLUETOOTH CONFIGURATION WIZARD.............................................................................................. 98
FIGURE 102 -DEVICE NAME AND TYPE SELECTION ........................................................................................................... 98
FIGURE 103 -BLUETOOTH SERVICE SELECTION .............................................................................................................. 99
FIGURE 104 -BLUETOOTH FIND DEVICE PROMPT ........................................................................................................... 99
FIGURE 105 -INITIAL CONFIGURATION WIZARD COMPLETE ............................................................................................. 100
FIGURE 106 -BLUETOOTH/USB CONNECTIVITY MENU..................................................................................................... 100
FIGURE 107 -BLUETOOTH/USB CONNECTIVITY MENU..................................................................................................... 101
FIGURE 108 -BLUETOOTH DISCOVERABLE DURATION INPUT.............................................................................................. 102
FIGURE 109 -BLUETOOTH CONNECTIVITY SETUP WINDOW ............................................................................................ 103
FIGURE 110 -MY BLUETOOTH PLACES.......................................................................................................................... 103
FIGURE 111 -BLUETOOTH DRIVER SETUP WIZARD.......................................................................................................... 104
FIGURE 112 -REMOTE HOST DEVICE SEARCH WIZARD .................................................................................................... 104
FIGURE 113 -BLUETOOTH SETUP WIZARD DEVICE NAME AND COM SELECTION SCREEN ........................................................ 105
FIGURE 114 -BLUETOOTH PIN CODE REQUEST............................................................................................................... 106
FIGURE 115 -PR-655/670 ICON IN MY BLUETOOTH PLACES (NOT CONNECTED) ........................................................... 106
FIGURE 116 -PR-655/670 RS-232 OPTION................................................................................................................. 107
FIGURE 117 –RS-232 CONNECTIVITY, BAUD RATE SETUP ..................................................................................... 108
FIGURE 118 -PR-655/670 USB CONNECTOR ............................................................................................................... 110
FIGURE 119 -HYPER TERMINAL CONNECTION DESCRIPTION MENU .................................................................................... 110

PR-655/670 User Manual
vi
FIGURE 120 -COM PORT SELECTION IN HYPER TERMINAL ............................................................................................... 111
FIGURE 121 -MY COMPUTER PROPERTIES RIGHT CLICK DROP DOWN OPTION ...................................................................... 111
FIGURE 122 -SYSTEM PROPERTIES MENU...................................................................................................................... 112
FIGURE 123 -WINDOWS XP DEVICE MANAGER............................................................................................................ 112
FIGURE 124 -WINDOWS XP COM PROPERTIES WINDOW ............................................................................................. 113
FIGURE 125 -PR-650 REMOTE MODE COMPATIBILITY OPTION ............................................................................ 114

PR-655/670 User Manual
1
INTRODUCTION
The PR-655 and PR-670 SpectraScan are the newest additions to the already world renowned
SpectraScan colorimeter series of instruments. These unique, portable battery powered instruments
utilize fast-scanning photo diode arrays, a 3.5” color touch screen display, and AutoSync®for
automatically synchronizing to the source refresh rate insuring the utmost accuracy. Other features
include an external trigger port allowing remote measurement activation from a push button or
peripheral device, a Secure Digital (SD) card for measurement storage, and a long lasting rechargeable
Lithium-ion (Li-Ion) battery for more than 12 hours of operation. The PR-670 adds to the PR-655 with
four automated apertures, two measurement sensitivity modes (Standard and Extended), and four
measurement speed modes (Normal, Fast, 2X Fast and 4X Fast).
STANDARD EQUIPMENT
The standard PR-655 includes:
oPR-655 SpectraScan.
oMS-75 Lens.
o1measuring aperture
oUSB 1.1 Port.
oSecure Digital (SD) Card.
oBP-655 - Rechargeable Lithium-Ion battery pack.
oAC-655-6 –6’ Universal input AC Adapter.
oCD with drivers and Instruction Manual.
oSS-CC-655 Soft-sided Carrying Case.
oNIST Traceable Calibration - (certified for one year).
The standard PR-670 includes:
oPR-670 SpectraScan.
oMS-75 Lens.
o4 Measuring Apertures –1°, 1/2°, 1/4°, 1/8
oUSB 1.1 Port
oSecure Digital (SD) Card.
oBP-670 - Rechargeable Lithium-Ion battery pack.
oAC-670-6 –6’ Universal input AC Adapter.
oCD with drivers and Instruction Manual.
oSS-CC-670 Soft-sided Carrying Case.
oNIST Traceable Calibration - (certified for one year).

PR-655/670 User Manual
1
SYSTEM OVERVIEW
FIGURE 1 - PR-655/670 SPECTRASCAN
Reference
Description
Function
Reference
Description
Function
1
Objective Lens
Focusing on target
7
5-Way Switch
Up, Down, Left,
Right, and Enter
2
View Finder
Shutter Control
Open/Close view
finder
8
3.5” LCD
Data/Navigation
3
View Finder
View target /
measuring aperture
9
SD Slot
Data storage
4
Measure Switch
Execute measurement
10
I/O Connector
Panel
Instrument
connection panel.
5
Power Switch
Turn On (I) / Off (O)
unit
11
Battery Door &
Latch
Location for Li-Ion
battery pack
6
Status Indicators
Instrument
status indicators
12
Bluetooth Antenna
Optional wireless
connectivity.
P-Power
C- Charge
F- Fault
TABLE 1 - PR-655/670 FUNCTIONAL OVERVIEW

PR-655/670 User Manual
2
LCD SCREEN
The PR-655/670 features an on-board, 3.5” high resolution, full color touch screen LCD display. The area visible
to the user is called the active area. The active area of the LCD display contains the graphical user interface of
the PR-655/670. All setup options and measurements including spectral and CIE graphs can now be controlled
and viewed directly on the vivid color display.
SYSTEM INFORMATION
The system status screen, is displayed when the unit is powered on, and shows system information such as serial
number, calibration due date, firmware version, and instrument bandwidth. This screen can be viewed at any
time by navigating to:
Menu → System Information
FIGURE 2 - PR-670 STARTUP SCREEN
GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE (GUI)
The Graphical User Interface, or GUI, is presented on the active are of the display. It allows the user to navigate
through the PR-655/670’s menu system.
ACTIVE
AREA

PR-655/670 User Manual
3
FIGURE 3 - PR-680/680L SYSTEM MENU
The GUI consists of three major panes:
Item
Description
1
Title bar
2
Active pane
3
Command bar
TABLE 2 - GUI PANE DESCRIPTION
The flow of the menu navigation on the PR-670 is similar to that of a tree structure. In a tree structure there
are roots and from the roots exist branches (sub menus), indicated by the following icon ( ) which have more
branches or end nodes (leafs). Traversing back to the root is as simple as clicking on the back ( ) icon,
located at the bottom right corner of the GUI.
The following example depicts the tree structure mentioned, by navigating to the Date & Time setup screen
from System Menu.
1
2
3