Kawai WK40 User manual

PERSONAL
KEYBOARD
OWNER’S MANUAL
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Care and Mainteivance
Congratulations!
You:are
now
the
proud
owner
of
a
Kawai
WK40
Personal
Keyboard.
To
keep
this
delicate
electronic
instrument
in
top
performing
condition
and’
ensure
years
of
troublefree
playing
enjoyment,
please
observe
the
following
precautions.
Location :
Avoid
continued
use
or
storage
in
the
presence
of
the
following
environmental
factors
as
they
may
contribute
to
faulty
operation
or
breakdowns:
® Exposure to direct sunlight
© Excessive heat or humidity
@ Sand or dust
@ Excessive vibration
,
Short
Circuits
Eo,
5;
Gates
.
eee
Pee
“Never
allow
liquids
or
foreign
objects
—
especially:
metallic
objects
—
to
fallbetween
the
keys.
They
can'léad
to
dangerous
short
circuits
that
cah
damage
the
instrument
—
usually
béyond
repair.
=
@
Never
attempt
to
disassemble,
service,
or
otherwise.modify
the
internal
components.
Such
willful
tampering
not
only
invalidates
your
warranty,
but
also
entails
the
risk
of
a
short
circuit.
Power Supply
©
Connect
the
PS121
or
PS123
AC
adapter
to
a
power
outlet
with
a
voltage
matching
the
one
on
the
ratings
plate.
@
Before
connecting
or
disconnecting
the
power
supply,
make
sure
that
the
POWER
switch
is
OFF.
Cleaning
Wipe
with
a
clean,
dry
cloth.
Under
no
circumstances
use
benzene,
paint
thinner,
or
any
other
organic
solvents.
Battery Backup
The
keyboard
contains
a
lithium
battery
that
maintains
memory
contents
even
after
the
main
power
supply
is
removed.
This
battery
normally
lasts
for
four
years.
Connect
your
nearest
authorized
Kawai
dealer
for
a
replacement
promptly
after
the
four
years
have
elapsed.

Major Parts FYavo MM al:\i mt aie laleni(olacsy
@ POWER switch 1.1. Front Panel
This controls power to the keyboard.
@ MASTER VOLUME
This controls the output level.
@® Joystick
This provides a quick and easy way to change certain
aspects of the melody during a performance.
Note: The joystick automatically returns to its central
position when released.
DUET — When the automatic accompaniment is in
operation, pulling the stick forward adds another note of
a lower pitch to subsequent notes that you play on the
keyboard. Pulling the stick forward a second time
cancels the effect.
VIBRATO — Pushing the stick away from you adds
vibrato to the output. The amount of vibrato added
increases with distance from the center.
BEND UP — Pushing ithe stick to the right raises the
pitch of. the output. The size of the pitch change
increases with distance from the center.
BEND DOWN — Pushing the stick to the left lowers the
pitch of the output. The size of the pitch change
increases with distance from the center.
@ PATTERN MAKER 1.2 Rear Panel
This section allows you to replace the built-in two-bar
accompaniment patterns with your own.
OFF — Deactivates the PATTERN MAKER section.
CHORD — Activates the CHORD EDIT function.
BASS — Activates the BASS EDIT function.
RHYTHM ~— Activates the RHYTHM EDIT function.
CLEAR switch — Clears (erases) the pattern.
@® LOWER MODE
This section controls the accompaniment. facilities for
the lower keyboard.
OFF — Deactivates the LOWER MODE functions.
AUTO — Activates the automatic accompaniment func-
tion.
CHORD/BASS — Activates the chord or bass accom-
paniment function. .
DRUMS — Activates the hand percussion function.
© MIXER
This section controls the volume balance between the
various parts.
MELODY — Controls the relative volume for the melody.
CHORD — Controis the relative volume for the chords.
BASS — Controls the relative volume for the bass part.
RHYTHM — Controls the relative volume for the rhythm
accompaniment. ~

hii
® GO
@
®
STEREO DC iN
PHONES S¥-I2¥
@ MELODY TONE switches
These offer a selection of 20 tone voices for the melody.
RHYTHM switches
Thesé
offer
a
selection
of
20
patterns
for
the
rhythm
accompaniment.
Note: To. activate the RHYTHM switches, you must
first press the RHYTHM/BASS selector.
@_ CHORD TONE switches
These
offer
a
selection
of
5
tone
voices
for
the
chords.
BASS TONE switches
These
offer
a
selection
of
5
tone
voices
for
the
bass
accompaniment.
Note:
To
activate
the
BASS
switches,
you
must
first
press the RHYTHM/BASS selector. .
() RHYTHM/BASS selector
This changes the MELODY and CHORD switches into
their
RHYTHM
and
BASS
counterparts.
(2 RECORDER switches
This section controls the operation of the song re-
cording/playback facilities.
REC — Activates the recording function.
PLAY — Plays back the recorded song.
STOP/SELECT — Pauses recording/playback and se-
lects the song.
TEMPO switches
Adjust the playback speed.
() DEMO switch
This plays a built-in demonstration song.
@ START/STOP switch
This activates/deactivates the rhythm accompaniment.
SYNC/FILL IN switch
If
the
rhythm
accompaniment
has
not
already
started,
this synchronizes the start of the accompaniment with
the next note played on the keyboard (SYNC). Other-
wise, it provides a rhythm variation (FILL IN).
@ INTRO/ENDING
If the rhythm accompaniment has not already started,
this.
plays
a
one-bar
introduction
and
then
starts
the
rhythm
accompaniment.
Otherwise,
it
completes
the
current bar of the rhythm pattern, plays a special ending
rhythm pattern, and then shuts off the rhythm ac-
companiment.
Note:
The
INTRO,
ENDING,
and
FILL
IN
patterns
vary
with
the
base
rhythm
pattern.
MIDI connectors
These
provide
a
world-standard
interface
for
connecting
the instrument to a wide variety of electronic equipment
—
other
musical
instruments
and:personal
computers;
for example.
MIDI OUT — Transmits MIDI data.
MIDI IN -- Accepts data from other MIDI equipment.
STEREO PHONES jack :
This connects to headphones or audio equipment.
@ DC IN jack
This connects to the AC adapter.

This instrument runs on either batteries or. household
current.
2.1 Battery Operation :
Remove the cover from the battery compartment under the
instrument and insert six “C” dry cells.
: ‘Notes ”
@ If the sound fades or suality deteriorates during a
session, it is time to change batteries.
® Make sure. that the batteries face in the right direction.
(Follow. the guide imprinted in the lining of the com-
partment.)
e@ Always change batteries asa set. Never change fewer
than six at a time or mix batteries of different types.
@ Always remove the batteries when not using the instru-
ment for an extended period — when storing it, for
example.
2.2 AC Operation
Connect the PS121 or PS123 AC adapter to a power. outlet
with a voltage matching the one on the ratings plate.
2.3 Line Output
To listen to keyboard output on audio equipment instead of
headphones, buy the appropriate adapter cable and con-
nect the STEREO PHONES jack on the keyboard to the
LINE IN jacks on the audio equipment.
(STEREO MiNi PLUG PIN PLUG
LINE in
STEREO vc 1M
PHONES S¥—12¥,
3. Changing Tone Voices and Rhythm Patterns
Your WK40 features a wide selection of built-in tone voices
and rhythm patterns:
20 tone voices for the melody
20 patterns for the rhythm accompaniment
§ tone voices for the chords
5 tone voices for the bass accompaniment
To change the MELODY or BASS selection, simply press
the corresponding switch. To change the RHYTHM or
BASS selection, press the RHYTHM/BASS selector first.
TOP NOTE DUAL Function
Holding. down one MELODY SELECT switch and pressing
another activates the TOP NOTE DUAL function, which
then automatically sounds the highest note being played
with two tone voices. (The lower notes sound with the first
tone voice only.)
© The two tone voice selections must be different.
® Selecting another tone voice for the melody. automati-
cally cancels this function.
4. Using the Joystick
The joystick provides a quick and easy way to change
certain aspects of the melody during a performance.
Note: The joystick functions do not affect the LOWER
MODE accompaniment.
Note: -The joystick automatically returns to its central
position when reléased.
DUET — Pulling the stick forward adds another note of a
lower pitch to subsequent notes that you play on the
keyboard. If you play more than two notes at once, only the
highest one is affected. Pulling the stick forward a second
time cancels the effect. ;
VIBRATO — Pushing the stick away from you adds vibrato
to the output. The amount of vibrato added increases with
distance from the center.
BEND UP/DOWN — Pushing the stick to the right or left
respectively raises or lowers the pitch of the output. The
size. of the pitch change increases with distance from the
center. :
5. LOWER MODE
This function allows you use different tone voices for the
lower keyboard accompaniment and the melody.
AUTO — Activates the automatic accompaniment function,
which then supplies an appropriate accompaniment based
on the current CHORD, BASS and RHYTHM selections.
CHORD/BASS — Activates the chord or bass accompani-
ment function.
Note: One- and two-finger chording are available along
with the standard chords.
Note: The CHORD and BASS selector switches: deter-
mine the tone voice for the lower keyboard.
DRUMS — Activates the hand percussion function.
OFF — Deactivates the LOWER MODE functions.
6. PATTERN MAKER
This section allows you to replace each of the four built-in
two-bar accompaniment patterns with one of your own.
@ Procedure
1. Select the rhythm pattern.
2. Shift the PATTERN MAKER switch to the RHYTHM
position
to
play
back
the
accompaniment
pattern.

3. Press.the. LEAR switch -to.erase the rhythm portion.
4. ».Usé the: lower kéyboard to construct a new two-bar
rhythm. portion.
Note:
Labels
above
the
keyboard.
give
the
percussion
instruments assigned to each key.
Note: The lowest key on the keyboard provides an
ERASE function. Holding it down and pressing
the key for an.instrument erases all notes for that
instrument from the pattern.
Note: The pattern automatically repeats so that you
may add new notes on each subsequent pass.
Note: Pressing the CLEAR switch erases the entire
rhythm portion-that is, returns you to Step 3.
5. Shift the PATTERN MAKER switch to the BASS
position to play back the bass portion of the pattern.
Press the CLEAR switch to erase the bass portion.
7. Select a tone voice for the bass accompaniment.
8. Use the lower keyboard to construct a new two-bar
bass portion. ,
Note:
The
pattern
automatically
repeats
so
that
you
may add new notes on each subsequent pass.
9. Shift the PATTERN MAKER switch to the CHORD
position to play back the chord portion of the pattern.
10. Press the CLEAR switch to erase the chord portion.
11. Select a tone voice for the chord accompaniment.
12. Use the lower keyboard to construct a new two-bar
chord portion.
Note:
The
pattern
automatically
repeats
so
that
you
may add new notes on each subsequent pass.
13. Press the rhythm selector switch with the ili mark to
store the new pattern.
Note: Storing the new pattern erases the old. If you do
not wish this to happen, cancel the entire opera-
tion by skipping this step.
Note: The stored pattern includes the MIXER settings
for the RHYTHM, CHORD, and BASS parts.
14.
Shift
the
PATTERN
MAKER
switch
to
its
OFF
posi-
tion.
Note:
Holding
down
the
lowest
key
on
the
keyboard
(ERASE)
as
you
turn
on
the
power
resets
ail
patterns
to
the
ones.
programmed
at
the
factory.
7. RECORDER
This
section
allows
you
to
record
and
play
back
up
to
three
of
your
own
performances
as
songs
with
a
total
of
approximately
5,000
notes.
@ Procedure
Part I. Simple Recording
1.
Use
the
STOP/SELECT
switch
to
select
the
song
number.
Note:
Pressing
the
switch
shifts
the
lighted
LED.
2.
Press
the
REC
switch
to
place
the
recorder
on
standby.
Note: The REC LED lights.
3. Play or press the PLAY switch.
Note: The PLAY LED also lights.
4.
‘Press
the
STOP/SELECT
switch
to
suspend
record-
ing.
Note:
Recording
stops,
and
the
REC
LED
flashes.
5. To.continue recording, go back to Step 2.
6.
Press
the
STOP/SELECT
switch
a
second
time
to
terminate
recording.
7.
Press
the
PLAY
switch
to
play
back
the
recorded
song.
Part ll. Overdubbing
8.
To
overdub,
repeat
the
entire
procedure
above
as
often
as
necessary.
Note: The maximum numbers of simultaneous voices
used in each portion of the song must add up toa
number less than twelve.
9. To abandon the most recently overdubbed ‘portion
and return to the preceding version of the song, hold
down the REC switch and press the STOP/SELECT
switch.
10.
Repeat
the
previous
step
to
abandon
the
entire
song.
Notes
@ The recorder does not support the joystick’s DUET
and VIBRATO functions or the TOP NOTE DUAL
function.
The recorder does not store the tempo with the data.
Instead it uses the tempo in effect at the time of
playback.
®
Holding
down
the
first
(ERASE)
and
third
white
keys
on
the
keyboard
as you
turn
on
the
power
erases
the
song
as well
as
the
new
accompaniment
patterns.

8.
Other
Functions
.
Holding
down
the
two
CHORD
tone
switches
(PIANO
and
E.
GUITAR)
and
simultaneously
pressing
the
two
lowest
biack
keys
on
the
keyboard
activates
the
auxiliary
functions
TUNE,
TRANSPOSE,
and
MIDI
channel
number,
Note:
The
REC
and
PLAY
LEDs
in
the
RECORDER
section
flash
alternately
while
these
functions
are
in
effect.
Pressing
any
switch
not
used
by:these
functions
—the
START/STOP
switch
or
a
BASS
tone
voice
selector,
for
example
—
returns
the
keyboard
to
normal
operation.
All
three
functions
return
to
there
default
values
when
the
power
is
removed.
Note:
Note:
8.1 TUNE
This
function
allows
you
to
adjust
the
WK40's
tuning
to
match
that
of
another
instrument
—
for
ensemble
playing,
for
example.
Use
the
UP
arrow
TEMPO
switch
to
raise
the
pitch
and
the
DOWN
arrow
to
lower
it
Simuitaneously
pressing
both
arrow
keys
returns
the
instrument
to
the
standard
tuning.
The
tuning
range
is
up
to
a
quarter
tone
(50
cents)
on
either
side
of
the
standard
pitch.
:
MIDI
8.2 TRANSPOSE
This
function
tells
the
WK40
keyboard
to
automatically
transpose
what
you
play.
Press
the
REC
switch
and
then
use
the
UP
arrow
TEMPO
switch
to
transpose
up
a
semitone
and
the
DOWN
arrow
switch
to
transpose
down
the
same
amount.
Simultaneous-
ly
pressing
both
arrow
keys
returns
the
instrument
to
the
standard
pitch.
The
transposition
range
is
up
to
half
an
octave
on
either
side.
8.3 MIDI channel number.
The
MIDI
standard
provides
16
data
channels.
To
com-
municate,
the
transmitting
and
receiving
MID!
devices
must
be
using
the
same
channel.
The
default
transmitting
channel,
the
one
in
effect
when
the
power
is
first
applied,
is
channel
No.
1.
You
may
change
this
setting,
however,
with
the
MELODY
tone
voice
switches.
The
internationally
recognized
MIDI
standard
allows
you
to
connect
your
WK40
to
personal
compuiers,
electronic
musical
instruments,
and
other
MIDI
devices.
You
may,
for
example,
contro!
a
drum
machine
from
your
WK40
keyboard
or,
going
in
the
opposite
direction,
play
the
keyboard
from
another
MID!
device.
lm WK40 as MASTER
The
WK40
MIDI
interface
transmits
the
following
informa-
tion:
~~...
nh
:
@.-Note
data
—
NOTE
NUMBER
(pitch)
and
NOTE
.ON/OFF
(duration)
.,
®
Program
changes
—
Commands
to
other
devices
e
PITCH
BEND
information
@ PROGRAM CHANGE NUMBERS
@ WK40 as SLAVE
The
WK40
MIDI
implementation
receives
on
the
following
channels:
[Channet Part
1-4 MELODY TONES
Data accepted “]
KEY ON/OFF, VELOCITY,
PROGRAM CHANGE, BENDER
KEY ON/OFF, VELOCITY,
PROGRAM CHANGE
KEY ON/OFF, VELOCITY,
PROGRAM CHANGE
KEY NUMBER, VELOCITY
14 CHORD TONES
15 BASS TONES
16 DRUMS
Key Numbers for Percussion Instruments
Tone
Voice
No.
Tone
Voice
No.
Tone
Voice
nel
Tone
Voice
No.
Tone
Voice
MELODY
VOICE
2
|
PIANO
3
|
PIPE
ORGAN
4
|
WOW
BRASS
5
|
ELECTRIC
GUITAR
6
|
STRINGS
7_|
FLUTE
8
|
ELECTRIC
PIANO
|
9
|
JAZZ
ORGAN
10
|
TRUMPET
HARMONICA
12
|
PLUCK
HARP
-
43
|
OBOE
14
|
HARPSICHORD
15
|
ACCORDION
SAX
17
|
SHIMMER
18
|
MUSIC
BOX
19
|
SYNTHESIZER
20
|
VIBRAPHONE
CHORD
1
|
PIANO
2
|
ELECTRIC.GuITAR
|
3
|
ELECTRIC
PIANO
|
4
|
FUZZ
MUTE
BRASS
ELECTRIC
BASS
2
|
2
|
SLAP
BASS
3
|
WOOD
BASS
4
|
SYNTHESIZER
BASS
TUBA
|
Instrument
Key
No.
Instrument
Key
No.
Instrument
38
BD
44
HIHAT
OPEN
LO.CONGA
39
CLAPS
45
HI
TOM
LO
COWBELL
40
SD
46
|
CRASH
Hi
CONGA
41
ESD
47
|
E.LO
TOM
HI
COWBELL
42
HIHAT
CLOSED
48
|
E.HI
TOM
483
MID
TOM
49
|
RIDE

Date: Aug. 1988
Version: 1.0
PERSONAL
KEYBOARD
MODEL
WK40
MIDI
IMPLEMENTATION
Function
...
Transmistted
Recognized
Remarks
Basic
Default
1
1—4,
14—16
Recognized
on
multiple
Channel
Changed
1—16
x
channels
(CH
1-4,
14-16),
Default
3
3
Mode
Messages
x
x
Altered
ie
HEKKREKEER,
x
Note
36
—
84 30
—
102
Channels
5-13
ignored.
Number
:
True
voice
erent
ts
:
j}——
Velocity
Note
ON
X
OnV
=
127,96,
64,32
|
X
SnvV
=
1
—
12
Channels
5-13
ignored.
Note
OFF
xX
9nV=0
X
9nV
=
0,
B8nV
=
XX
XX
ignored.
After
A
;
Key's
x
x
Touch
Ch's:
x
x
Pitch
Bender
.
ie)
te)
me
Xx
x
3
Control
Change
Prog
CH1-4:
1-20,
CH14-15:
1-5
|
O
1-128
CH1-4:
24-128
f
Rhenee
Seg,
senEEEAEER cHa-t5:6-128
sete
System
Exclusive
x¢
x
,
Syets
:
Song
Pos
x
x
ystem
:
;
Common
'
Song'Sel
x
x
:
Tune
x x
System
:
Clock
x
x
Does
not
transmit
RealTime.
Commands
x x
CONTINUE.
:
Local
ON/OFF
|
X
x
Aux
:
All
Notes
OFF
|
X
x
Messages
:
Active
Sense
|
X
x
;
‘
x
{
Reset
x
Mode 1: OMNI ON, POLY Mode 2: OMNI ON, MONO
Mode 3: OMNI OFF, POLY Mode 4: OMNI OFF, MONO
xO
Ze

Prtstettatey ate)
Keys 49
Voices ; max.12 ,
MELODY tone voices 20 :
VOICE, PIANO, PIPE ORGAN, WOW BRASS, ELECTRIC GUITAR, STRINGS, FLUTE,
ELECTRIC PIANO, JAZZ ORGAN, TRUMPET, HARMONICA, PLUCK HARP, OBOE,
HARPSICHORD, ACCORDION, SAX, SITAR, MUSIC BOX, SYNTHESIZER, - VIBRAPHONE
RHYTHM patterns 20 e
16-BEAT, BOSSA NOVA, DIXIELAND JAZZ, FUNK, WALTZ,:ROCK, 8-BEAT, MAMBO, JAZZ,
SAMBA, SHUFFLE, BLUES, DISCO, SALSA, COUNTRY, REGGAE, BOUNCE, MARCH, RAP,
TANGO
CHORD tone voices 5
ELECTRIC BASS, SLAP BASS, WOOD BASS, SYNTHESIZER BASS, TUBA
BASS tone voices 5
PIANO, ELECTRIC GUITAR, ELECTRIC PIANO, FUZZ MUTE, BRASS
Effectors ; VIBRATO, DUET, TOP NOTE DUAL, BEND UP/DOWN
Storage RECORDER: Three songs, up to 5,000 notes total
PATTERN MAKER: Four 2-bar patterns with chord, bass, and rhythm portions
Other switches : DEMO, START/STOP, SYNC/FILL IN, INTRO/ENDING
Speakers Two, 10 cm in diameter, 2.5 W each
Power supply DC Six “C" dry cells
AC adapter :
Jacks : PHONES/AUX OUT, STEREO MINI, MIDI IN/OUT,
DC IN (9-12V)
Dimensions 770 x 285 x 70 mm (30.4 x 11.3 x 2.8)
Weight 3.9 kg (8.6 Ib)
WARNING: This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy. If not
installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, it can cause interference to
radio communications. The rules with which it must comply afford reasonable protection
against interference when used in most locations. However, there can be no guarantee that
such interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause
interference to radio or the related equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try
correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:
— reorient the receiving antenna.
—.move.the receiver away from the instrument.
~~~ plug the instrument into a different outlet so that it and receiver are on different branch
circuits.
— consult the dealer or a qualified service personnel.
@ This instrument complies with the limits for a class B digital apparatus, pursuant to the
Radio Interference Regulations, C.R.C., c. 1374.
Kawai Musical Instruments Manufacturing Co., Ltd.
200 Terajima-cho, Hamamatsu, Japan OW302E Printed in Japan