KMB NOVAR 2100 User manual

KMB systems, s.r.o.
Dr. M. Horákové 559, 460 06 Liberec 7, Czech Republic
tel. [phone], fax [phone]
email : [email protected], internet : www.kmb.cz
NOVAR 2100
NOVAR 2200
Power Factor Controllers
Operating Manual
Document
revision
Release
date
Valid for versions
hardware bootloader firmware ENVIS
1.3 15.6.2020 2.6 4.0 3.0.33 1.8

NOVAR 2100/2200 Operating Manual
LI T OF CONTENT
1. GENERAL..........................................................................5
1.1 Common features...................................................................................................................................... 5
1.2 Operation................................................................................................................................................... 6
2. IN TALLATION................................................................9
2.1 Physical..................................................................................................................................................... 9
2.2 Instrument Connection............................................................................................................................. 9
2.2.1 Power Supply and Measuring Voltage................................................................................................. 9
2.2.1.1 NOVAR 2100................................................................................................................................ 9
2.2.1.2 NOVAR 2200.............................................................................................................................. 10
2.2.2 Measuring Current............................................................................................................................. 10
2.2.3 Relay Outputs.................................................................................................................................... 11
2.2.4 Digital Input........................................................................................................................................ 11
3. COMMI IONING............................................................12
3.1 Measured Electrical Quantities Installation etup...............................................................................12
3.1.1 Setup Example................................................................................................................................... 13
3.1.2 Connection Setup.............................................................................................................................. 14
3.1.2.1 Connection Type 1Y3 / 1D3........................................................................................................ 14
3.1.2.2 Angle of Voltage Connected to the U1 Input (U1-Angle )...........................................................14
3.1.2.3 ACD Process – Automatic Connection Detection......................................................................15
3.1.3 PFC Setup......................................................................................................................................... 17
3.1.3.1 PFC Output Setup...................................................................................................................... 17
3.1.3.2 Automatic Output Recognition (AOR) Process...........................................................................18
3.1.3.3 PFC Output & PFC Alarms Setup...............................................................................................20
4. DETAILED DE CRIPTION..............................................21
4.1 Basic Functions...................................................................................................................................... 21
4.2 Measured Data & tatus Presentation...................................................................................................21
4.2.1 Measured Data Screen...................................................................................................................... 22
4.2.2 Average Values.................................................................................................................................. 23
4.2.3 Full Spectrum Values P/Q/PF & Fundamental Harmonic Values Pfh/Qfh/cosφ.................................24
4.2.4 Fundamental Harmonic Power Factor Formats cosφ/tanφ/φ.............................................................24
4.2.5 Deviation Flag.................................................................................................................................... 25
4.2.6 THDs, CHL and Harmonics................................................................................................................ 25
4.2.7 Electricity Meter................................................................................................................................. 26
4.2.7.1 “4E MD” Display Mode.............................................................................................................. 26
4.2.7.2 “8E” Display Mode...................................................................................................................... 27
4.2.8 Outputs State..................................................................................................................................... 27
4.2.8.1 Outputs No. 19 ÷ 24 State..........................................................................................................27
4.2.9 State Indicators.................................................................................................................................. 28
4.2.9.1 Main Operating States................................................................................................................ 28
4.2.9.2 Alarm.......................................................................................................................................... 28
4.2.9.3 Active Power Export................................................................................................................... 29
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NOVAR 2100/2200 Operating Manual
4.2.9.4 Digital Input State....................................................................................................................... 29
4.2.9.5 Instrument Setup Indicator.......................................................................................................... 29
4.3 etup Parameters.................................................................................................................................... 29
4.3.1 Parameter Checking & Editing........................................................................................................... 29
4.3.1.1 Side Branch Parameters............................................................................................................. 30
4.3.2 Installation Parameters...................................................................................................................... 31
4.3.2.1 Instrument Lock – Parameter No. 00.........................................................................................31
4.3.2.2 Current and Voltage Multiplier.................................................................................................... 32
4.3.2.3 Backlight Parameter, No. 80....................................................................................................... 33
4.3.2.4 Other Parameters....................................................................................................................... 33
4.3.3 PFC Control Parameters.................................................................................................................... 33
4.3.3.1 Target Power Factor for Tariff 1/2, Parameter No. 01/06...........................................................33
4.3.3.2 Control Bandwidth on High Loads for Tariff 1/2, No. 01/06.........................................................34
4.3.3.3 Control Time for Tariff 1/2, No. 02/07.........................................................................................35
4.3.3.4 Offset Power for Tariff 1/2, No. 03/08........................................................................................35
4.3.3.5 Tariff 2 Control, No. 05.............................................................................................................. 36
4.3.3.6 Tariff 2 Control Power, No. 10................................................................................................... 36
4.3.3.7 Choke Control & Choke Control Limit Power Factor, No. 12.....................................................37
4.3.3.7.1 Mixed Choke Control........................................................................................................... 37
4.3.3.7.2 Choke Control Limit Power Factor (for Mixed Choke Control)............................................38
4.3.3.7.3 Non-Mixed Choke Control................................................................................................... 38
4.3.3.8 Offset Control, No. 13................................................................................................................ 38
4.3.4 PFC Output Parameters.................................................................................................................... 39
4.3.4.1 Automatic Output Recognizer (AOR) Launch, No. 20.................................................................39
4.3.4.2 Manual Output Type & Power Filler, No. 21...............................................................................40
4.3.4.3 Output Type & Nominal Power, No. 25.......................................................................................41
4.3.4.4 Output Control State, No. 26......................................................................................................42
4.3.4.5 Output Switch Count & Switch-On Time, No. 27, 28...................................................................42
4.3.4.6 Fan / Heater Temperature Thresholds, No. 29 ÷31....................................................................43
4.3.4.7 Output Set 2, No. 33................................................................................................................... 43
4.3.4.8 Discharge Time for Output Set 1 / 2, No. 34...............................................................................44
4.3.4.9 Switching Mode, No. 35.............................................................................................................. 44
4.3.5 PFC Alarm Parameters...................................................................................................................... 45
4.3.5.1 Standard Type Alarms................................................................................................................ 48
4.3.5.2 Fast Actuation Reaction Alarms................................................................................................. 48
4.3.5.3 NS> - “Number of Switching Operations Exceeded” Alarm........................................................49
4.3.5.4 OE - “Output Error” Alarm........................................................................................................... 49
4.3.5.5 T1>< (T2><) - “Temperature Exceeded/Drop” Alarm................................................................50
4.3.5.6 OoC - “Out of Control” Alarm......................................................................................................50
4.3.5.7 RCF - “Remote Control Failure” Alarm....................................................................................... 51
4.4 Instrument Operation.............................................................................................................................. 52
4.4.1 Control State...................................................................................................................................... 52
4.4.1.1 Control Time Actual State........................................................................................................... 53
4.4.2 Standby State, Standby Cause.......................................................................................................... 53
4.4.3 Manual State...................................................................................................................................... 54
4.4.4 Manual Intervention in Control Process............................................................................................. 55
4.4.5 Power Factor Block Factory Setting................................................................................................... 55
4.5 Method of Measurement......................................................................................................................... 56
4.5.1 Voltage Fundamental Frequency Measurement Method...................................................................56
4.5.2 Voltage and Current Measurement Method.......................................................................................56
4.5.3 Harmonics and THD Evaluation Method............................................................................................ 56
4.5.4 Power and Power Factor and Evaluation Method..............................................................................57
4.5.5 Temperature..................................................................................................................................... 59
4.6 Measured Values Evaluation and Aggregation....................................................................................59
4.6.1 Actual Values Evaluation and Aggregation........................................................................................59
4.6.2 Average Values Evaluation................................................................................................................ 59
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NOVAR 2100/2200 Operating Manual
4.6.3 Embedded Electricity Meter............................................................................................................... 60
4.6.3.1 Electric Energy Processing......................................................................................................... 60
4.6.3.2 Maximum Demand Registration................................................................................................. 60
4.7 pecial PFC-Block Related Quantities' Meaning & Method of Evaluation.........................................60
4.7.1 ΣΔQfh – PF Control Deviation........................................................................................................... 60
4.7.2 CHL – Capacitor Harmonic Load Factor........................................................................................... 61
4.7.3 RC, RL – Compensation Reserve Powers........................................................................................63
5. COMPUTER CONTROLLED OPERATION.....................65
5.1 Communication Interface...................................................................................................................... 65
5.1.1 Service USB Interface........................................................................................................................ 65
5.1.2 RS-485 Interface (COM)................................................................................................................... 65
5.1.2.1 Communication Cable................................................................................................................ 65
5.1.2.2 Terminating Resistors................................................................................................................ 65
5.1.3 Ethernet Interface (ETH)................................................................................................................... 65
5.2 Communication Protocols..................................................................................................................... 66
5.2.1 KMB Communications Protocol........................................................................................................66
5.2.2 Modbus Communications Protocol...................................................................................................66
5.3 Embedded Webserver............................................................................................................................. 66
6. EXAMPLE OF CONNECTION ....................................67
7. MANUFACTURED MODEL AND MARKING................73
8. TECHNICAL PECIFICATION ......................................74
9. MAINTENANCE, ERVICE.............................................77
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NOVAR 2100/2200 Operating Manual
1. General
The NOVAR 2100 and NOVAR 2200 are simple single-phase power factor controllers with fully
automated commissioning.
The NOVAR 2100 model has only one common auxiliary power voltage and measuring voltage
terminal pair. The NOVAR 2200 model has these voltages terminal pairs separated. Due this,
measuring voltage of higher range can be connected to the NOVAR 2200 model. Excluding this, both
of models are identical.
For on-line monitoring, the controllers can be provided with remote communication interface.
1.1 Common features
Power Factor Control
• up to 24 output sections, relay or solid-state
• controller’s speed of response independently programmable for conditions of
undercompensation and overcompensation
• the preset speed of response increases in proportion to instantaneous control deviation, that
is either with the value squared or in direct proportion to the ratio of the control deviation to
the smallest section value (OMIN)
• adjustable control range to reduce the number of control interventions in systems with a wide
control range at high loads
• combined mains compensation & decompensation capability
• selectable two-rate operation controlled with active power level or external signal (optional
input)
• automatic output section recognition, any combination of the output sections possible
•continuously checks output sections in the control process. When failure is detected
repeatedly, disables the faulty section and possibly actuates alarm.
•periodically rechecks the temporarily disabled sections and on positive test result (for example
when replacing a section’s burnt fuse link), it enables them again automatically
• wide assortment of independently settable alarm’s warning and actuation functions
( undervoltage, overvoltage, undercurrent, overcurrent, THDU limit overflow and more )
Measurement & Evaluation
• both line-to neutral and line-to-line voltage can be connected
• current input for xxx/ 5A or xxx /1A CTs connection
• sampling rate 128/96 samples/period, 10/12 periods evaluation cycle (200 ms at 50/60 Hz)
• continuous ( gap-less) measurement of voltage and current
• evaluation of harmonic components up to 40th
• fixed window / floating window / thermal average values of all evaluated quantities with
minimum & maximum values registration
• built-in electricity meter :
•four-quadrant electricity meter
•maximum of average active power value ( power demand )
•built-in thermometer
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NOVAR 2100/2200 Operating Manual
Design
•144x144 mm plastic box for panel mounting
•LCD -FSTN segment display, 4 keys
•digital input ( 18- & 24-output models only )
Communication
•service USB 2.0 interface for comfortable setup and check
•optional remote communication interface ( RS 485, Ethernet )
•proprietary protocol with free data acquisition software ENVIS
•MODBUS RTU and MODBUS TCP protocols for simple integration with third party SCADA
software
•embedded webserver ( for instruments with Ethernet interface )
1.2 Operation
After an activation of supply voltage, the instrument accomplishes internal diagnostics and then it
starts to measure and display actual measured data. Simultaneously, the power factor control (PFC)
starts and tries to keep power factor as near as possible to the preset value by connecting optimal
combination of compensation elements to the network.
Most of actual measured and evaluated data can be observed on the instrument's display. Navigation
through the screens is intuitive with arrow keys. The data are arranged in rows of screens according
navigation maps below.
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NOVAR 2100/2200 Operating Manual
NOVAR 21 /22 - Measured Data Branch Navigation Chart
Optional “8E” Electricity Meter Display Format
7
Line-to-neutral
or line-to-line
voltage
ULN / ULL
I
3-phase power
factor
ΣPF
ΣP
3-phase active
power
ΣQ
3-phase reactive
power
ΣS
3-phase apparent
power
TDHU, CHL, Uh
TDHI, Ih
3-phase energies,
3-phase maximum
demand
ΣE, ΣMD
f, T
frequency,
temperature
current total harm.
distortion,
current harmonics
Actual Avg AvgMax AvgMin
Full S ectrum Values Branch
ΣPF, ΣP, ΣQ
Fundamental
Harmonic Values
Branch
Σcos φ / Σtanφ / Σφ
(actual values only)
ΣPfh, ΣQfh
ΣΔQfh, ΣRC, ΣRL
(see the next figure for
details)
(fundamental harmonic branch
indicated with the “ ” character)
similarly
→ Avg → AvgMax → AvgMin
→ Avg → AvgMax → AvgMin
→ Avg → AvgMax → AvgMin
→ Avg → AvgMax → AvgMin
Electricity Meter Row :
1. Active – Import
2. Active – Export (-)
3. Reactive – Inductive (L)
4. Reactive – Capacitive (C)
5. ΣMD
(Default „4E+MD“ format.
For optional electricity meter
format see next figure.)
Voltage T D, C L &
armonics Row
Odd Actual armonics Only,
up to 25th Order
Current T D &
armonics Row
Odd Actual armonics
Only,
up to 25th Order
→
→ → →
voltage total harm.
Distortion, C L,
voltage harmonics
phase current
ΣEP+ ΣEP- ΣEQL+ ΣEQL- ΣEQC+ ΣEQC- ΣES+ ΣES-

NOVAR 2100/2200 Operating Manual
NOVAR 21 /22 – Fundamental Harmonic Measured Values Branch
8
3-phase power
factor
Σcos(tan,φ)
ΣPfh
3-phase active
power
ΣQfh
3-phase reactive
power
Actual
Avg
AvgMax
AvgMin
→
( actual values only )
Actual
Avg
AvgMax
AvgMin Actual
Avg
AvgMax
AvgMin
→ → → →
ΣΔQfh,ΣRC,ΣRL
3-phase control
deviation, comp.
reserve power

NOVAR 2100/2200 Operating Manual
2. Installation
2.1 Physical
The instrument is built in a plastic box to be installed in a distribution board panel. The instrument’s
position must be fixed with locks. Put the locks into square inserts placed diagonally on the top and
bottom of the box and tighten the screws to the panel.
Fig.1: NOVAR 21 /22 – fixation with locks detail
Natural air circulation should be provided inside the distribution board cabinet, and in the instrument’s
neighbourhood, especially underneath the instrument, no other instrumentation that is source of heat
should be installed.
2.2 Instrument Connection
2.2.1 Power upply and Measuring Voltage
Be careful not to exceed maximum input voltage according the technical parameters,
especially when line-to-line voltage is connected !!!
2.2.1.1 NOVAR 2100
It is necessary to connect an auxiliary supply voltage in the range as declared in technical
specifications table to the terminals L1 (No. 1) and N/L2 (No.2). The instrument uses this power
supply voltage as measuring voltage simultaneously.
The supply voltage must be connected via a disconnecting device ( switch - see installation diagram ).
It must be situated directly at the instrument and must be easily accessible by the operator. The
disconnecting device must be labelled as the disconnecting device of the equipment. A two-pole
circuit breaker with the C-type tripping characteristics rated at 1A may be used for the disconnecting
device; however its function and position must be clearly marked (symbols „O" and „I" according to EN
61010 – 1).
A connection cable maximum cross section area is 2.5 mm2.
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NOVAR 2100/2200 Operating Manual
2.2.1.2 NOVAR 2200
Connect an auxiliary supply voltage in the range as declared in technical specifications table to the
terminals AV1 (No. 1) and AV2 ( No.2).
In case of DC supply voltage the polarity of connection is generally free, but for maximum
electromagnetic compatibility it is recommended to connect grounded pole to the terminal AV2.
The supply voltage must be connected via a disconnecting device ( switch - see installation diagram ).
It must be situated directly at the instrument and must be easily accessible by the operator. The
disconnecting device must be labelled as the disconnecting device of the equipment. A two-pole
circuit breaker with the C-type tripping characteristics rated at 1A may be used for the disconnecting
device; however its function and position must be clearly marked (symbols „O" and „I" according to EN
61010 – 1). If one of the supply signals is neutral wire N (or PEN) usually a single breaker in the line
branch is sufficient.
Measuring voltage must be connected to the terminals L1 (No. 5) and N/L2 ( No.6). Connecting wires
should be protected by, for example, fuses of rating 1A.
A connection cable maximum cross section area is 2.5 mm2.
2.2.2 Measuring Current
The instruments are designed for indirect current measurement via external CT only. Signal of any
phase and of any polarity can be used.
To get better precision when using overweighted CTs, you can apply more windings of
measured wire through the transformer. Then you must set the multiplier parameter (in
parameter group 71, see below). For standard connection with 1 winding, the multiplier must
be set to 1.
10
Fig. 2.2: NOVAR 21
Typical connection of measuring inputs
Fig. 2.3: NOVAR 22
Measuring & power supply inputs connection
example

NOVAR 2100/2200 Operating Manual
The current signal from 5A or 1A (or 0.1A for the „X/100mA“ models) instrument current transformer
must be connected to the terminals pairs I 1 and I 2 (No. 3 and 4).
The CT-ratio must be set in the Installation group of parameters (par. 71).
A connection cable maximum cross section area is 2.5 mm2.
2.2.3 Relay Outputs
Instruments can have up to 24 relay outputs arranged in up to three groups. The groups are isolated
from each other. Each group has one relay common pole terminal C1, C2 , C3 (No.10, 20 and 30) and
six or nine relay output terminals marked – for example for group 1 - 1.1 through 1.9 (No.11 ÷ 19).
Fig. 2.4: Output connection example (controller with 15 outputs)
Any combination of compensation capacitors and chokes can be connected to the instrument outputs
via appropriate contactors.
If not of all outputs used, you can use upper three relay outputs for alarm signalling or for
heating/cooling control ( see example wirings further below).
A connection cable maximum cross section area is 2.5 mm2.
2.2.4 Digital Input
Models with 18 and 24 outputs are equipped with the digital input. It can be used for the 2nd tariff
control of power factor control process or as the alarm input..
Use terminals D1A and D1B (No. 51 and 52) for the digital input connection – see wiring examples in
appropriate chapter further below. The input is isolated from other instrument circuitry.
To activate the output apply voltage of specified range to the terminals.
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NOVAR 2100/2200 Operating Manual
3. Commissioning
On connecting power supply, the instrument performs internal diagnostics, display test and
then gradually shows screens with the instrument type and setting of basic parameters :
1. Instrument diagnostic in progress
2. Display test
3. line 1 : n 1 8 - instrument model (Novar 2100 R18)
line 3 : 1. 0 0 - firmware version number
4. when connection of voltage via voltage transformers set (otherwise the
screen is skipped) :
line 1 : U t - voltage transformer ratio specification
line 2 : 3 3 - nominal primary voltage [kV]
line 3 : 0. 1 - nominal secondary voltage [kV]
5. line 1 : C t - current transformer ratio specification
line 2 : 8 0 0 - nominal primary current [A]
line 3 : 5 - nominal secondary current [A]
6. line 1 : F U - nominal frequency and voltage specification
line 2 : 5 0 - nominal frequency [Hz]
line 3 : 3 3 - nominal voltage [kV] ( line-to-line)
Then the instrument starts display actual measured values. Simultaneously, if the instrument has a
communication line, it can be set and its measured values read via the communication link using a
PC.
3.1 Measured Electrical Quantities Installation etup
For proper data evaluation it is necessary to set the Installation Setting group parameters, starting
from parameter 71 up. They comprise :
•CT- ratio ( p. 71 ). Can be set in form either …/ 5A or …/ 1A.
Furthermore, so called I-Multiplier can be set too. You can modify the CT- ratio with this
parameter. For example, to get better precision when using overweighted CTs, you can apply
more windings of measured wire through the transformer. Then you must set the multiplier.
For example, for 2 windings applied, set the multiplier to 1/2 = 0.5 .
For standard connection with 1 winding, the multiplier must be set to 1.
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NOVAR 2100/2200 Operating Manual
•Connection Type ( p. 72 ) needs to be set to 1 Y 3 or 1 d 3. The U1-voltage angle is
recommended to be set automatically during so called ACD-process (see below).
•Connection Mode ( parameter 74 ) determines if voltage signals are connected directly
( - - - ) or via voltage transformers. In such case the VT-ratio must be set.
The VT-ratio must be set in form Nominal primary voltage / Nominal secondary voltage. For
very high primary voltages the U-Multiplier must be used.
•Nominal frequency fNOM ( p. 75 ) must be set in compliance with the measurement network
nominal frequency to either 50 or 60 Hz.
•Nominal Voltage UNOM ( p. 75 ) and Nominal Power PNOM ( p. 76 ) : For the voltage alarms
operation and other functions it is necessary to enter also the nominal ( primary ) voltage of
the measured mains UNOM and nominal apparent three-phase power (input power) of the
connected load PNOM ( in units of kVA ). Although the correct setup of the UNOM and PNOM has
no effect on measuring operation of the instrument, it is strongly recommended to set at least
the UNOM correctly.
The UNOM is displayed either as line-to-neutral or line-to-line form depending on the
connection mode setup : “direct” or “via VT”, respectively.
Correct setting of the PNOM is not critical, it influences percentage representation of powers
and currents and statistical processing of measuring in the software only. If the PNOM of
measured network node is not defined, we recommend to set its value, for example, to the
nominal power of source transformer or to the maximum supposed power estimated
according current transformers ratio, etc.
3.1.1 etup Example
Usually, it is only necessary to adjust the CT ratio. Next example shows how to do it :
Assuming that the ratio of used CTs is 750/1 A. First off all, it is necessary to switch display from
measured data branch (the ULN screen on the example below) to the parameter branch with the
button. The branch is indicated with the symbol . Parameter 01 appears – target power factor &
control bandwidth.
Now scroll down with the key to parameter 71, that is the CT ratio -its default value is 5/5 A. Enter
editing mode by pressing and holding the until the value gets flashing.
As soon as the value flashes, release the . Now you can change it. Increase primary value by
pressing of the . If you keep it pressed two-speed autorepeat helps to reach target value quickly.
Then use multiple pressing of and for fine setup.
To change the secondary value, simply press the . The button serves as toggle switch between 5
and 1.
CT Ratio Change Procedure Example
13
long
mutli
ple
mutli
ple

NOVAR 2100/2200 Operating Manual
Target CT value is prepared now and we can leave the edit mode with (short) pressing the . The
value is stored into the instrument memory and the flashing stops.
Now return to so called main parameter branch (see description below) with next pressing the and
then you can scroll to other parameters with and and edit them in a similar way or you can
return to the measured data branch with the .
The summary of all instrument parameters is stated in the table below. Their description is stated in
following chapters.
3.1.2 Connection etup
The controllers are delivered with preset connection type to 1Y3 and the U1-voltage angle is
undefined.
3.1.2.1 Connection Type 1Y3 / 1D3
If network phase (=line-to-neutral) voltage is connected to the L1 and N/L2 terminals, the 1Y3
connection type must be set in the parameter group No. 72.
If network line voltage (=line-to-line) voltage is connected to the L1 and N/L2 the 1D3 must be set.
The above does not have to apply if the measured current signal is taken from the opposite
side of the mains power transformer than the measured voltage signal. Then correct setup of
the parameter group No. 72 depends on the transformer phase angle.
Connection type parameter must be set correctly even if use of the automatic connection
detection process (ACD) is supposed. Otherwise result of the process would fail and
measured powers and power factor would be false !
3.1.2.2 Angle of Voltage Connected to the U1 Input (U1-Angle )
Generally, it is not necessary to connect voltage and current of the same phase; for example, you can
connect the L1-phase current and the L2- or the L3-phase voltage, even with opposite polarity.
If a line-to-line voltage is connected, or line-to-neutral voltage of different phase than the current, or
the voltage and current signal with opposite polarity, there exists phase shift between the voltage and
the current signals even at power factor equal to 1. Controller must respect this angular displacement,
so it must be specified correctly, otherwise it would evaluate wrong power factor.
The value of the angular displacement is defined as a combination of measurement network phases
connected to the L1 and N/L2 controller terminals. It is assumed that the CT is mounted in the L1
phase of measured network and its orientation (terminals S1, S2) corresponds to real orientation
supply ->load . The angle of voltage is then assigned one of six combinations shown in the table
below.
Tab. 3.1 : U1-Angle – Setup Options
1Y3 connection type
(line-to-neutral voltage – LN)
1D3 connection type
(line-to-line voltage – LL)
No. U1-angle No. U1-angle
1 L1-0 (0°) 1 L1-L2 (-30°)
2 L2-0 (120°) 2 L2-L3 (90°)
3 L3-0 (-120°) 3 L3-L1 (-150°)
4 0-L1 (180°) 4 L2-L1 (150°)
5 0-L2 (-60°) 5 L3-L2 (-90°)
6 0-L3 (60°) 6 L1-L3 (30°)
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NOVAR 2100/2200 Operating Manual
Notes :
CT supposed in the L1 phase with correct orientation (S1, S2 terminals)
the U1-angle expressed as „x-y“ where the „x“ means the phase connected to the U1 terminal
and the „y“ phase connected to the N terminal (=0)
If the current signal is from opposite side of the power supply transformer than the voltage
signal, the U1-angle must be set with respect to the transformer phase angle.
At this phase it is strongly recommended to set the CT ratio in parameter No. 71 too. It is
necessary for successful result of the AOR process that usually follows immediately after
the ACD-process.
3.1.2.3 ACD Process – Automatic Connection Detection
The type of connection must be set always manually (in parameter group Np. 72).
The U1-angle can be set manually too, but we strongly recommend to use automatic setup – the ACD
process (Automatic Connection Detection). This process not only detects and sets the U1-angle, but
network nominal votage UNOM as well.
For the ACD process usage, capacitors only must be connected to the first four control
outputs. If any chokes connected to the outputs, the process gets fail results !
If inappropriate compensation elements connected to the first four outputs,you can set such
outputs temporary to the fixed-off control state; then the instrument will use tor the ACD
process the next four outputs that are set as the control outputs.
Following conditions must be fulfilled for the ACD process launch :
•U1-angle is not defined (---)
•branch of measured data is displayed
Then the controller launches this process automatically after powerup (if it is not in the standby state
due to any of alarms).
The process can be restarted manually too. For this, scroll to the U1-angle (P.72) and set it as
undefined (---) :
Fig. 3.1: Connection Type 1Y3 and U1-Angle
After return to measured data branch the ACD process starts.
15
connection type U1-Angle
(undefined)

NOVAR 2100/2200 Operating Manual
First of all, the first four control outputs are disconnected, step by step. Then the instrument waits until
discharge time of the outputs just disconnected expires. During this, the 1 . 1 message flashes in
the line 2 indicating the instrument waits till output No. 1.1 is ready to use.
After all of the outputs discharged, the instrument starts to switch the four outputs step by step. After
each of the step is switched off, detected U1-angle value is displayed (for example -L3 ) :
Fig. 3.2 : ACD Process – Successful Step Result
When 1Y3 connection type is set the controller supposes a line-to-neutral voltage (L-N, left screen) is
connected; when 1D3 connection type a line-to-line voltage (L-L, right screen) is expected.
If unsuccessful step occurs usually dashes appear (left screen below). Such steps are not unusual
especially when reactive power in measured network fluctuates strongly.
Fig. 3.3 : ACD Process – Unsuccessful Step Results
There may be cases where the angle measured with a permissible tolerance does not match any of
expected options. Then estimated angle with decimal points appear (right screen).
If unsuccessful steps (with the decimal points) of the same results and the question mark
repeat frequently, the most likely cause is incorrectly set connection type. Check it and try to
start the process again.
Ongoing ACD process can be cancelled at any point with the key. Similarly, any alarm activation
cancels the process too. In such case, the recognized data are neglected and neither U1-angle nor
UNOM setting is updated.
The process can have up to 12 rounds with four steps each. After each step, the measurement results
are analyzed. If the results are sufficiently stable, the process is finished and the results are displayed.
Fig. 3.4 : ACD Process – Results
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number of output just measured
measured step result
U1 input voltage type

NOVAR 2100/2200 Operating Manual
The End is shown in the process headline and found U1-angle is displayed in the 3rd line (0-L3 in our
case).
Furthermore, estimated network nominal voltage UNOM appears in the 2nd line (230V). According
voltage measured at the U1 input during the process the nearest value according following table is
chosen.
Tab. 3.2 : The Most Common Nominal Voltages
58 V 1 V 23 V 4 V 48 V 69 V
On successful completion of the total process, the controller saves recognized U1-angle and nominal
voltage UNOM into its memory. Then it returns into the state from which it was initiated. If it is the control
state the AOR process follows usually. Before this, we recommend to check stored values of the U1-
angle and the nominal voltage UNOM in the Installation group of parameters and to correct them
optionally.
Otherwise, if the ACD process unsuccessful (the U1-angle not detected) or canceled prematurely no
parameters are updated and the process is automatically relaunched each approximately 15 minutes
again in the control mode.
If the first sections have very low powers the ACD process can fail especially while high load
at the network. Then start the process again (by resetting the U1-angle to ---) or, if
necessary, set it and the UNOM manually.
Sometimes it is necessary to start the ACD process at disconnected load (or at zero load )–
for example ,when testing a compensation switchboard before its expedition to a customer. If
the default controller undercurrent ( I< ) alarm actuation is set the controller gets into the
standby state in such case and the ACD process cannot be started. Therefore, it is
necessary to switch this alarm actuation temporarily off ( and to return it back after the ACD-
process passes).
3.1.3 PFC etup
As soon as the Installation parameters are set you need to set other parameters that serve for power
factor control operation. The parameters can be divided into following subgroups :
•PFC control setup
•PFC output setup
•PFC alarm setup
As, because of the first installation, the instrument knows neither output types nor reactive power
sizes of individual outputs, it gets into the standby mode, which is signalled by flashing symbol .
So powers of individual outputs must be set now. Other parameters can be modified later.
3.1.3.1 PFC Output etup
The PFC output setup is determined by parameters 20 ÷ 36.
For the first commissioning, check and - if required - modify the discharge time for set 1 ( parameter
34 ). It is necessary especially at high voltage compensation systems where discharge time in range
of minutes must be set.
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NOVAR 2100/2200 Operating Manual
Optionally, you can set any of the highest three of outputs as alarm, fan control or heater control (see
detailed description below).
Now you can finally set output types and sizes. The most comfortable way to do this is by using
Automatic Output Recognition (AOR) process.
3.1.3.2 Automatic Output Recognition (AOR) Process
The controller can recognize types and sizes of compensation capacitors or chokes connected to its
outputs automatically using this process.
If the automatic output recognizer parameter (No. 20) is set to auto , the controller launches this
process automatically if :
•it is switched into the control state and is not in the standby state
•none of the control compensation outputs is specified at a non-zero power (all of the control
outputs reactive powers are zero)
•a measured values screen is displayed
In the control state the process can be started manually too. For this, scroll to the parameter 20 (AOR)
and edit its value to r U n .
If any chokes are used in the compensation system, the Choke Control parameter (No. 12)
must be set first; otherwise, all of chokes (or any inductive character type outputs) will be
recognized as zero outputs.
If the CT-ratio (parameter 71) is not set or its value is 5/5 A or 1/1 A, call for the CT-ratio
setting appears before the AOR- process is launched. When this call is ignored and the CT-
ratio is not set properly the power values of outputs recognized during the AOR-process will
be incorrect.
After being started, switch to display of measured values with the key (or it occurs automatically
during about 30 seconds). Then, the AOR screen appears : the A O r message in the first line and
the symbol flash.
First of all, all of control outputs (i.e. excluding the fixed ones and optional alarm/fan/heating ones )
are disconnected, step by step.
Then the instrument waits until discharge time of the outputs just disconnected expires - such not-
discharged outputs are identified with flashing output symbol. That means that the instrument waits till
the outputs are ready to use.
Fig. 3.5 : AOR-Process Step 1.1 Recognition Example
After all of the outputs discharged, the instrument starts to switch the outputs step by step. The
number of a step is displayed in the second line and appropriate output is switched on for a short time.
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NOVAR 2100/2200 Operating Manual
After the step is switched off, its type and size is displayed : in the example above, (nominal) reactive
power of 7.38 kvar, capacitive.
The three bars in the second line (behind the output number) mean that three-phase type (C123)
capacitor is supposed.
Note : The recognized output powers are not displayed as actual power values but the
nominal power values, that is the values that correspond to the preset nominal voltage UNOM
of the network.. It is supposed that the metering current transformer ratio and the metering
voltage transformer ratio, if any, are set correctly.
If a step power was detected as zero, either the output is not used (nothing connected to it) or the step
power is too small to be recognized automatically.
If the controller does not succeed in determining a output’s value, it does not show it – dashes - - -
are displayed instead. This condition occurs if reactive power value in the power system fluctuates
considerably due to changes in load.
The process has 3 or 6 rounds – round number is displayed momentarily at the beginning of the round
in the first line.
After carrying out three rounds, partial evaluation is carried out. If measurements in the rounds carried
out provides sufficiently stable results, the AOR process is completed. Otherwise the controller carries
out up to three more rounds.
A requirement for successful AOR process is sufficiently stable condition of the power system – while
connecting or disconnecting a section, the reactive load power must not change by a value which is
comparable with, or even greater than, the reactive power value of the section under test. Otherwise
the measurement result is unsuccessful. As a rule of thumb, the section values are recognized the
more precisely, the lower the load is in the power system.
Ongoing AOR process can be cancelled at any point either manually by switching display into
parameters with the key or by any of alarm actuations. In such case, the recognized data are
neglected and output setting is not updated.
On completion of the total process, the controller saves recognized output types and sizes into its
memory. Then , if at least one section with non-zero total reactive power has been detected, the
controller starts power factor control.
Otherwise, if the previous AOR process unsuccessful (no valid outputs found or cancelled
prematurely), the process is automatically relaunched each approximately 15 minutes again in the
control mode.
It is strongly recommended to check recognized section values in parameter 25 after the
AOR process has passed. If any doubt about the recognized values you can start the AOR
process again or, if necessary, to edit the section values manually. It is often necessary at
the lowest power sections especially when the AOR process run while high load at the
network – such sections can be recognized as zero outputs and needs to be set manually.
Sometimes it is necessary to start the AOR process at disconnected load (or at zero load )–
for example ,when testing a compensation switchboard before its expedition to a customer. If
the default controller undercurrent ( I< ) alarm ( No. 4, parameter 43) actuation is set the
controller gets into the standby state in such case and the AOR process cannot be started.
Therefore, it is necessary to switch this alarm actuation temporarily off ( and to return it back
after the AOR-process passes).
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3.1.3.3 PFC Control & PFC Alarms etup
Finally, the PFC control parameters (1 ÷ 19) and the PFC alarms parameters (40 ÷ 56) can be
modified, in necessary.
Detailed description of all of the parameters follows below.
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